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STATE BANK OF
VIETNAM
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom – Happiness
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No.
03/2025/TT-NHNN
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Hanoi, April 29,
2025
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CIRCULAR
ON
OPENING AND USE OF VND-DENOMINATED ACCOUNTS FOR CONDUCTING FOREIGN INDIRECT
INVESTMENT IN VIET NAM
Pursuant to the Law on the State Bank of Vietnam
dated June 16, 2010;
Pursuant to the Law on Credit Institutions dated
January 18, 2024;
Pursuant to the Law on Securities dated November
26, 2019; the Law on amendments to the Law on Securities, the Law on
Accounting, the Law on Independent Audit, the Law on State Budget, the Law on
Management and Use of Public Property, the Law on Tax Administration, the Law
on Personal Income Tax, the Law on National Reserves, and the Law on Handling
of Administrative Violations dated November 29, 2024;
Pursuant to the Ordinance on Foreign Exchange
dated December 13, 2005 and the Ordinance on amendments to the Ordinance on
Foreign Exchange dated March 18, 2013;
Pursuant to Decree No. 70/2014/ND-CP dated July
17, 2014, of the Government, on elaboration of a number of articles of the
Ordinance on Foreign Exchange and the Ordinance on amendments to the Ordinance
on Foreign Exchange;
Pursuant to Decree No. 26/2025/ND-CP dated
February 24, 2025, of the Government, on functions, tasks, powers, and
organizational structure of the State Bank of Viet Nam;
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The Governor of the State Bank of Viet Nam
hereby promulgates the Circular on opening and use of VND-denominated accounts
for conducting foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam.
Article 1. Scope
1. This Circular provides regulations on the opening
and use of VND-denominated accounts for the purpose of conducting indirect
investment and other lawful capital transfer transactions related to foreign
indirect investment in Viet Nam by foreign investors being non-residents.
2. Collection and payment transactions related to
foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam by foreign investors being residents
shall be conducted via VND-denominated payment accounts in accordance with
relevant laws.
Article 2. Regulated entities
1. Foreign investors, including: organizations
established under foreign laws and foreign nationals who are non-residents,
conducting foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam.
2. Banks and branches of foreign banks authorized
to conduct foreign exchange trading and provide foreign exchange services
(hereinafter referred to as authorized banks).
3. Other organizations and individuals involved in
foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam.
Article 3. General principles
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2. All collection and payment transactions related
to foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam by foreign investors must be
conducted via an indirect investment account, which is a VND-denominated
payment account opened by the foreign investor at an authorized bank.
3. The opening and use of indirect investment
accounts by foreign investors shall comply with the provisions of this
Circular. Contents relating to the opening and use of accounts not specified in
this Circular shall comply with the regulations of law on opening and use of
payment accounts.
4. The rights and obligations of authorized banks
and foreign investors in the opening and use of indirect investment accounts
shall comply with Articles 7 and 8 of this Circular and the regulations of law
on opening and use of payment accounts.
5. The balance on the indirect investment account
of a foreign investor must not be converted into term deposits or savings
deposits.
6. Foreign investors shall not open a joint
indirect investment account (an account opened under the names of two or more
entities) for conducting foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam.
7. All money transfer orders related to foreign
indirect investment in Viet Nam by foreign investors must clearly specify the
purpose of the transfer so that authorized banks can verify, examine, archive
documents, and execute the transactions.
Article 4. Transactions subject
to opening and use of indirect investment accounts
The following foreign indirect investment
transactions in Viet Nam must be conducted through the opening and use of
indirect investment accounts in accordance with this Circular:
1. Purchase and sale of securities on the
Vietnamese stock market and purchase and sale of other valuable papers.
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3. Entrusted investment in VND through fund
management companies and other organizations authorized to carry out entrusted
investment in accordance with law.
4. Purchase and sale of other types of securities
in accordance with the law on securities.
Article 5. Opening of indirect
investment accounts
1. A foreign investor may only open one (01)
indirect investment account (except for cases specified in Clause 2 of this
Article) at one (01) authorized bank to conduct collection and payment
transactions related to foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam.
2. A foreign investor conducting foreign indirect
investment in Viet Nam may open an additional indirect investment account
corresponding to each securities trading code granted at one (01) authorized
bank in the following cases:
a) A foreign investor being a foreign securities
company may open two (02) indirect investment accounts corresponding to two
(02) securities trading codes: one (01) indirect investment account for its
proprietary trading activities and one (01) indirect investment account for its
securities brokerage activities;
b) A foreign investor being a foreign investment
fund or foreign organization managed by multiple foreign fund management
companies may open an additional indirect investment account corresponding to
each securities trading code granted, whereby each investment portfolio managed
by a separate foreign fund management company may open one (01) indirect
investment account corresponding to one (01) granted securities trading code;
for an investment portfolio self-managed by the foreign investment fund or
foreign organization that has been granted a separate securities trading code,
one (01) corresponding indirect investment account may be opened;
c) A foreign investor being a government-related
investment organization or a foreign investor being an investment or financial
organization affiliated with an international financial institution of which
Viet Nam is a member may open an additional indirect investment account
corresponding to each granted securities trading code, whereby each investment
portfolio deposited with a custodian bank that has been granted a securities
trading code may open one (01) corresponding indirect investment account.
3. Where a foreign investor opens additional
indirect investment accounts corresponding to securities trading codes as
prescribed in Clause 2 of this Article, the investor shall submit documents
proving that the investor has been granted securities trading codes by a
competent Vietnamese authority in accordance with the securities laws.
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a) Such documents must be notarized or certified in
accordance with the laws of Viet Nam or foreign laws within 12 months prior to
the date on which the authorized bank receives the application;
b) The authorized bank may agree with the client on
whether or not to translate the documents into Vietnamese, provided the
following principles are ensured:
(i) The authorized bank must examine, verify, and
be held responsible for confirming the contents of the documents, information,
and data in foreign languages, ensuring that the required information under
this Circular is sufficiently provided;
(ii) The documents, information, and data in
foreign languages must be translated upon request of competent authorities; the
translation must be certified by an authorized person of the authorized bank or
be notarized or authenticated.
5. Where a foreign investor wishes to open an
indirect investment account at another authorized bank, the investor must
transfer the entire balance from the currently used indirect investment account
to the new account and close the current account. The new indirect investment
account may only be used to carry out the collection and payment transactions
specified in Article 6 of this Circular after the previous indirect investment
account has been closed and settled.
Article 6. Use of indirect
investment accounts
Indirect investment accounts shall be used to carry
out the collection and payment transactions related to foreign indirect
investment in Viet Nam as follows:
1. Collections:
a) Proceeds from selling foreign currency to
authorized banks;
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c) Transfers from the VND-denominated payment
account of the foreign investor opened at an authorized bank (excluding the
indirect investment account);
d) Transfers from accounts of fund management
companies and other organizations authorized to carry out entrusted investment
for foreign investors in accordance with the law (applicable where the foreign
investor conducts indirect investment in Viet Nam in the form of entrusted
investment);
dd) Transfers of interests and other lawful
revenues arising from transactions involving purchase of shares without
prefunding requirements by foreign institutional investors as prescribed by the
current securities laws;
e) Transfers of deposit and margin money relating
to foreign indirect investment transactions in Viet Nam as provided in Article
4 of this Circular, including:
(i) Receipt of money for performing deposit or
margin transactions;
(ii) Receipt of returned deposit or margin money to
the foreign investor in accordance with the law and agreements between the
parties;
g) Transfers from the former indirect investment account
(applicable where a foreign investor wishes to open an indirect investment
account at another authorized bank as provided in Clause 5 Article 5 of this
Circular).
2. Payments:
a) Payments for capital contributions, purchase of
shares, equity interests, securities, and other valuable papers;
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c) Transfers to the VND-denominated payment account
of the foreign investor opened at an authorized bank (excluding the indirect
investment account);
d) Transfers to accounts of fund management
companies and other organizations authorized to carry out entrusted investment
for foreign investors in accordance with the law (applicable where the foreign
investor conducts indirect investment in Viet Nam in the form of entrusted
investment);
dd) Payments for losses and other expenses incurred
from transactions involving purchase of shares without prefunding requirements
by foreign institutional investors as prescribed by the current securities
laws;
e) Payments for fees, charges, taxes,
administrative fines, and expenses related to foreign indirect investment
transactions in Viet Nam as provided in Article 4 of this Circular;
g) Transfers of deposit and margin money related to
foreign indirect investment transactions in Viet Nam as provided in Article 4
of this Circular, including:
(i) For performing deposit or margin transactions;
(ii) Transfers to the VND-denominated payment
account of the foreign investor or payments in foreign currency for outward
remittance to the foreign investor of deposit or margin amounts that had been
transferred into Viet Nam but are subject to refund in accordance with the law
and agreements between the parties;
h) Transfers to the new indirect investment account
(applicable where the foreign investor wishes to open an indirect investment
account at another authorized bank as prescribed in Clause 5 Article 5 of this
Circular).
Article 7. Obligations of
authorized banks
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2. Issue internal regulations on dossiers,
procedures, and processes for opening and using indirect investment accounts, and
publicly notify such regulations to foreign investors for compliance. Internal
regulations must at least include the following contents:
a) Regulations on dossiers, procedures, and
processes for opening indirect investment accounts;
b) Regulations on agreements on the opening and use
of indirect investment accounts;
c) Regulations on the use of indirect investment
accounts;
d) Regulations on dispute settlement and complaint
handling, and forms for requests for such settlement or complaints;
dd) Regulations on risk management in the opening
and use of indirect investment accounts in accordance with Article 5 and
Article 6 of this Circular.
3. Authorized banks shall be fully responsible
under the law for the opening, closure, and execution of collection and payment
transactions via indirect investment accounts for foreign investors.
4. Comply with the regulations of law on anti-money
laundering and combating the financing of terrorism and proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction.
5. Strictly comply with and guide clients in
complying with the provisions on the opening and use of indirect investment
accounts as stipulated in this Circular and other relevant legal regulations.
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1. Comply with the provisions of this Circular,
Vietnamese laws on investment, securities, anti-money laundering, combating the
financing of terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and
other relevant laws.
2. Truthfully and fully declare the content of
transactions related to foreign indirect investment in Viet Nam. Provide
dossiers, documents, information, and data as required by the authorized bank
when opening and using indirect investment accounts. Be held accountable under
Vietnamese law for the authenticity, validity, and legality of dossiers,
documents, information, and data provided to the authorized bank.
Article 9. Responsibilities of
branches of the State Bank of Viet Nam in localities
1. Provide guidance to relevant organizations and
individuals in their locality to ensure full compliance with the provisions of
this Circular.
2. Inspect, examine, and supervise the compliance
with regulations on the opening and use of indirect investment accounts as
stipulated in this Circular, within their delegated authority. Handle
violations in accordance with the provisions of law.
3. Cooperate with relevant agencies and
organizations in managing foreign exchange activities related to foreign
indirect investment in Viet Nam in accordance with legal regulations.
Article 10. Reporting
regulations
1. Authorized banks shall submit periodic reports
in accordance with the current statistical reporting regulations of the State
Bank of Viet Nam.
2. In extraordinary cases or when necessary,
foreign investors and authorized banks shall provide reports on relevant
contents as requested by the State Bank of Viet Nam.
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1. This Circular comes into force as of June 16,
2025.
2. Circular No. 05/2014/TT-NHNN dated March 12,
2014, of the Governor of the State Bank of Viet Nam providing guidelines on the
opening and use of indirect investment capital accounts for conducting foreign
indirect investment in Viet Nam ceases to be effective from the effective date
of this Circular.
3. This Circular replaces the following phrases in
Circular No. 06/2019/TT-NHNN dated June 26, 2019, of the Governor of the State
Bank of Viet Nam on foreign exchange management for foreign direct investment
in Viet Nam:
a) Replaces the phrase “foreign investors holding
51% or more of charter capital” with the phrase “foreign investors holding more
than 50% of charter capital” in point b clause 2 Article 3;
b) Replaces the phrase “the ownership ratio of
shares or equity interests of foreign investors in such enterprise drops below
51%” with the phrase “the ownership ratio of shares or equity interests of
foreign investors in such enterprise is equal to or less than 50%” in point a
clause 6 Article 5.
4. Within no more than 12 months from the effective
date of this Circular, enterprises in which foreign investors hold shares or
equity interests of more than 50% but less than 51% of charter capital must
open direct investment capital accounts in accordance with Circular No.
06/2019/TT-NHNN dated June 26, 2019, of the Governor of the State Bank of Viet
Nam on foreign exchange management for foreign direct investment in Viet Nam
and its amending, supplementing, or replacing documents (if any).
During the transition period, foreign investors
(having contributed capital to enterprises with foreign ownership of more than
50% and less than 51% via former indirect investment capital accounts) may
continue to use such existing indirect investment accounts to carry out
collection and payment transactions related to capital contribution, share
purchase, or equity purchase in the aforementioned enterprises.
5. Foreign investors being foreign securities
companies, foreign investment funds, foreign organizations managed by multiple
foreign fund management companies, government-related investment organizations,
or investment, financial, or international financial institutions of which Viet
Nam is a member that wish to open new indirect investment accounts as
prescribed in Clause 2 Article 5 of this Circular may transfer the balances
from their existing indirect investment accounts (opened before the effective
date of this Circular) to one or more new indirect investment accounts. The
transfer of the balance to one (01) new indirect investment account shall be
carried out once.
Article 12. Implementation
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PP. THE
GOVERNOR
DEPUTY GOVERNOR
Pham Quang Dung