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MINISTRY OF PUBLIC SECURITY OF VIETNAM
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No.
103/2025/TT-BCA
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Hanoi, November 4, 2025
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CIRCULAR
PROMULGATING NATIONAL TECHNICAL
REGULATION ON PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE
FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
Pursuant to the
Law on Fire and Rescue dated November 29, 2024;
Pursuant to the
Law on Technical Regulations and Standards dated June 29, 2006, amended by Law
No. 35/2018/QH14 and Law No. 70/2025/QH15;
Pursuant to
Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP dated August 1, 2007 of the Government of Vietnam
elaborating on several articles of the Law on Technical Regulations and
Standards and Decree No. 78/2018/ND-CP dated May 16, 2018 of the Government of
Vietnam on amendments to Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP dated August 1, 2007 of the
Government of Vietnam elaborating on several articles of the Law on Technical
Regulations and Standards;
Pursuant to
Decree No. 02/2025/ND-CP dated February 18, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam
on functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of
Public Security of Vietnam and Decree No. 11/2025/ND-CP dated July 1, 2025 of
the Government of Vietnam on amendments to Decree No. 02/2025/ND-CP dated
February 18, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam on functions, tasks, powers, and
organizational structure of the Ministry of Public Security of Vietnam;
At the request
of the Director of the Fire and Rescue Police Department;
The Minister of
Public Security of Vietnam hereby promulgates the Circular on the promulgation
of the National Technical Regulation on providing and arranging fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for buildings and
constructions.
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Article 2.
Entry into force
1. This Circular comes into force as of December
30, 2025.
2. Construction design dossiers that have been
appraised or approved for fire prevention and firefighting design by competent
state management authorities before the effective date of this Circular shall
continue to be implemented according to the approved or appraised design dossiers.
For constructions not subject to fire prevention and firefighting design
appraisal or approval that have already been granted construction permits,
commenced construction, or undergone commissioning and been put into use before
the effective date of this Circular, the provision and arrangement of fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities shall comply with the technical
standards and regulations effective at the time of construction permit
issuance, construction, or operation.
3. For buildings and constructions that have
undergone commissioning and been put into use in accordance with the law, when
renovated to expand their scale, change their functional use, or change the
fire or explosion hazard class of any part or area, or when renovating the fire
prevention and firefighting system, the regulations on providing and arranging
fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities under this Regulation may
be applied to the directly renovated or repaired parts or areas.
Article 3.
Implementation responsibilities
1. The Director of the Fire and Rescue Police
Department shall monitor, instruct, inspect, and urge the implementation of
this Circular.
2. Directors of units under Ministries' agencies,
Directors of provincial police authorities, and relevant organizations and
individuals shall implement this Circular.
Any difficulty arising during the implementation of
this Circular shall be promptly reported to the Ministry of Public Security of
Vietnam (through the Fire and Rescue Police Department) for timely guidance./.
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MINISTER
General Luong Tam Quang
QCVN 10:2025/BCA
NATIONAL
TECHNICAL REGULATION ON PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING,
AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Foreword
1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1 Scope
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1.3 Reference documents
1.4 Interpretation of terms
1.5 General requirements
2 REGULATIONS ON PROVIDING AND
ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS
AND CONSTRUCTIONS
2.1 Provision and arrangement
of automatic fire alarm systems and devices
2.2 Provision and arrangement
of emergency lighting, exit signs, public address, and evacuation guidance
systems
2.3. Provision and arrangement
of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
2.4. Provision and arrangement
of indoor firefighting water supply systems
2.5 Provision and arrangement
of automatic suppression systems and devices
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2.7 Provision and arrangement
of basic demolition tools; gas masks and self-contained breathing apparatus
2.8 Provision and arrangement
of mobile firefighting facilities
3 REGULATIONS ON MANAGEMENT
4 IMPLEMENTATION
APPENDIX A – Regulations on
provision of automatic fire alarm systems, standalone fire alarm devices, and
automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatically activated fire
extinguishing devices
APPENDIX B – Regulations on
provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
APPENDIX C – Regulations on
provision of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
APPENDIX D – Regulations on
provision of mobile firefighting facilities
APPENDIX E – Regulations on
provision of basic demolition tools
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APPENDIX G – Regulations on
provision of public address and evacuation guidance systems
APPENDIX H – Requirements for
system design and installation
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Foreword
QCVN 10:2025/BCA is compiled
by the Fire and Rescue Police Department, appraised by the Ministry of Science
and Technology of Vietnam, and promulgated by the Ministry of Public Security
of Vietnam together with Circular No. 103/2025/TT-BCA dated November 4, 2025.
NATIONAL
TECHNICAL REGULATION ON PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING,
AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
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1.1.1 This Regulation
provides for the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities for buildings, constructions, and fire safety
infrastructure in urban areas, residential areas, industrial parks, industrial
clusters, tourism areas, research and training zones, and sports and fitness
areas (hereinafter referred to as “buildings and constructions”) when newly
constructed or renovated/changed in the following cases:
- Renovation that increases the
scale, changes the functional use, or changes the fire and explosion hazard
class of a room, building, or construction;
- Renovation that increases the
scale of an urban area, residential area, industrial park, industrial cluster,
tourism area, research and training zone, or sports and fitness area.
1.1.2 Regarding
buildings and constructions serving purposes of national defense, military,
security, and order under the management of the Ministry of National Defense of
Vietnam or the Ministry of Public Security of Vietnam, this Regulation may be
applied.
1.1.3 In cases where a
national technical regulation provides regulations on the provision and
arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for a
particular type of construction, such regulations shall apply.
1.1.4 The provision and
arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities shall comply
with the standards referenced in this Regulation. Where this Regulation does
not specify particular regulations, the application of national, international,
regional, or foreign standards to the provision and arrangement of fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for buildings and constructions
shall be carried out in accordance with the law on technical standards and
regulations.
1.1.5 For the provision
and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for
specific types of constructions (such as power plants; nuclear establishments;
establishments for production or preservation of industrial explosives and
explosive precursors; industrial explosive and explosive precursor storage
units; establishments for the utilization, processing, production,
transportation, trading, and preservation of petroleum, petroleum products, and
gas on land; petroleum and petroleum product storage units; gas storage units;
ports for the export and import of petroleum, petroleum products, and gas; and
parking lots), in addition to complying with this Regulation, appropriate
national, international, regional, or foreign standards shall be selected for
application.
1.1.6 In certain
specific cases, it is permissible to consider replacing some requirements of
this Regulation for particular constructions, provided that a technical
justification is prepared, specifying the supplementary or alternative
solutions to ensure fire safety for the constructions. This justification must
be approved by the fire and rescue management authority, specifically: for
construction specified in Clause 1 Article 9 of Circular No. 36/2025/TT-BCA
dated May 15, 2025 of the Minister of Public Security of Vietnam, approval
shall be granted by the Fire and Rescue Police Department; for constructions
specified in Clause 2 Article 9 of Circular No. 36/2025/TT-BCA and
constructions not subject to fire prevention and firefighting design appraisal,
but are required to be equipped with fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue
facilities, approval shall be granted by the Fire Prevention, Firefighting, and
Rescue Police Divisions under provincial police authorities.
1.2. Regulated entities
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1.3 Reference documents
The following reference
documents are essential for the application of this Regulation. Where any
legislative document referred to in this Regulation is amended, supplemented,
or replaced, comply with its new edition. For reference documents with a
year of publication, the cited version shall apply. For those without a year of
publication, the latest version, including amendments to supplements (if any),
shall apply:
Decree No. 105/2025/ND-CP dated
May 15, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam.
Circular No. 36/2025/TT-BCA
dated May 15, 2025 of the Minister of Public Security of Vietnam and Decree No.
105/2025/ND-CP dated May 15, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam.
QCVN 06:/BXD - National
Technical Regulation on Fire Safety of Buildings and Constructions.
TCVN 6100 – Fire protection –
Fire extinguishing media – Carbon dioxide.
TCVN 6101 - Fire protection
equipment – Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises – Design
and installation.
TCVN 6379 - Fire
protection equipment – Fire hydrant.
TCVN 7026 – Fire fighting –
Portable fire extinguishers – Performance and construction.
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TCVN 7161 (all parts) – Gaseous
fire – extinguishing systems – Physical properties and system design.
TCVN 7336 – Fire protection –
Water, foam automatic fire-extinguishing systems – Design and installation
requirements.
TCVN 7435-1 – Fire protection –
portable and wheeled fire extinguishers – Part 1: Selection and installation.
TCVN 7568-14 – Fire detection
and alarm systems – Part 14: Design and installation of fire alarm systems for
houses and constructions.
TCVN 7568-25 – Fire alarm
systems – Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths.
TCVN 9255 – Performance
standards in building – Definition and calculation of area and space indicators.
TCVN 12110 – Fire protection –
Portable centrifugal pump with internal combustion engine – Technical
requirements and test methods.
TCVN 12314 (all parts) –
Fire fighting—Automatic activated fire extinguisher.
TCVN 13316 (all parts) – Fire
protection – fire fighting vehicle.
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TCVN 13333 - Aerosol
Fire-Extinguishing Systems - Specifications for design, installation,
inspection and maintenance.
TCVN 13456 – Fire protection -
Emergency lighting and Exit sign - Design, installation requirements.
TCVN 13657-1 - Fire protection
- High pressure mist fire extinguishing system - Part 1: Design and
installation requirements.
TCVN 13877-2 - Fire protection
- Powder firefighting system - Part 2: Design requirements.
TCVN 13926 - Fire protection -
Packaged type fire extinguishing systems.
TCVN 14496 - Fire protection –
Automatic water fire–extinguishing systems for storage units with goods stacked
on supporting racks over 5,5 m and up to 25 m – Designing requirements.
TCVN 13967 - Single dwelling -
General design requirements.
NFPA 15 Standard for Water
Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection.
1.4 Interpretation of terms
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1.4.1
Provision and arrangement of
fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for buildings and
constructions
Refer to the determination of
the quantity and types of individual (independent) fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities or those forming part of a system (such as
fire alarm systems, fire extinguishing systems, or public address and
evacuation guidance systems) for the purpose of designing, arranging, and
installing them in buildings and constructions.
1.4.2
Fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities
Refer to mobile firefighting
and rescue facilities, general-purpose facilities, devices, machinery, tools,
and various types of extinguishing agents used for fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue operations.
1.4.3
Fire extinguishing system
Refers to a combination of
specialized technical devices and extinguishing agents used to suppress fires.
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Automatic fire extinguishing
system
Refers to a fire extinguishing
system that automatically activates and discharges extinguishing agents when
fire factors in the protected area reach preset values. It includes functions
for monitoring discharge, stopping discharge, or stopping activation of the
extinguishing process (e.g., automatic water or water-based systems; foam
systems; gas or aerosol systems; and powder systems).
1.4.5
Automatically activated
firefighting device
Refers to an automatically
activated firefighting device that includes containers of extinguishing agents
(such as gas, powder, or aerosol) and other relevant components that
automatically discharge extinguishing agents when the temperature reaches the
activation threshold of its heat-sensing component.
1.4.6
Indoor fire hydrant (hose,
nozzle, coupling, valve)
Refers to a set of specialized
devices, installed and equipped in advance for deploying water to extinguish
fires.
1.4.7
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Refers to a system of specialized
devices installed outside buildings to supply water for firefighting
operations.
1.4.8
Automatic fire alarm system
Refers to a system that
automatically detects and signals the location of a fire. The automatic fire alarm
system consists of basic components, such as a fire alarm control panel, fire
detectors, manual call points, fire alarm bells and lights, interconnection
components, and a power supply. Depending on requirements, the system may also
include modules, signal transmission and supervision devices, and relevant
constituent components. Automatic fire alarm systems include conventional and
addressable fire alarm systems.
1.4.9
Conventional fire alarm
system
When a fire alarm is activated,
it will indicate the area where the fire has occurred. That area may contain
one or more fire detectors.
1.4.10
Addressable fire alarm
system
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1.4.11
Standalone fire alarm system
Refers to a device that
automatically detects and warns of fire through audio.
NOTE: When standalone fire
alarm devices are installed within the same building or construction, they must
be interconnected to ensure that all devices emit fire alarm signals when any
single device is activated.
1.4.12
Gas mask
Refers to a type of personal
protective equipment designed to protect the wearer’s respiratory organs for a
certain period and within a specific oxygen concentration limit in the air.
1.4.13
Self-contained breathing
apparatus
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1.4.14
Basic demolition tools
Basic demolition tools include
axes, crowbars, hammers, and pliers.
1.4.15
Construction
Refers to a product created by
human labor using construction materials and devices installed in the
construction, which is fixedly connected to the land. It may include
underground, above-ground, underwater, and above-water parts, and is built
according to a specific design.
1.4.16
Fire prevention and
firefighting infrastructure
Includes water supply systems,
traffic systems, communication systems, and mobile firefighting facilities
serving fire prevention and firefighting operations in buildings and
constructions.
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Buildings
Refer to construction works
whose main function is to protect and shelter people or objects inside,
generally covered partially or entirely, and built at a fixed location.
1.4.18
Mixed-use buildings
Refer to civil buildings with
multiple functional uses (e.g., a building designed for office, commercial
service, or public activities), excluding individual houses combined with
production or business activities.
1.4.19
Apartment buildings
Refer to apartment buildings as
prescribed in Clause 3 Article 2 of the Law on Housing.
1.4.20
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Refer to buildings where
production activities are carried out and necessary conditions are ensured for
people to work and operate technological devices.
1.4.21
Refrigerated storage units
Refer to one or more thermally
insulated and refrigerated rooms with temperatures ranging from - 30 °C to + 5
°C, used to preserve food or goods at prescribed temperatures. If the floor
area of the refrigerated storage unit does not exceed 10 m2 and its
design does not allow human entry, it shall not be classified as a refrigerated
storage unit.
1.4.22
Rooms
Refer to the interior space
within a building or construction that serves a specific function and is
bounded by construction structures.
1.4.23
Fire prevention and
firefighting height
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1.4.24
Number of building storeys
The number of storeys of a
building in this Regulation includes all above-ground storeys (including
technical floors and rooftop floor) and basements/semi-basements, but not
attics.
NOTE:
The rooftop floor is not
included in the total number of storeys of the building when its only function
is to cover stairwells or elevator shafts and to shield the building’s
technical devices (if any), provided that the roof area does not exceed 30% of
the roof floor area.
For individual houses combined
with production or business activities, the mezzanine floor is not counted as a
storey of the building when its floor area does not exceed 65% of the floor
area of the storey directly below.
For individual houses combined
with production or business activities with staggered floors, the number of
storeys shall be determined in accordance with TCVN 13967.
For individual houses combined
with production or business activities under the scope of TCVN 13967, the
regulations under 9.1.2 of TCVN 13967 may be applied to determine the number of
storeys (fire prevention and firefighting height) of the building.
For storage units and
production buildings, rack floors and mezzanine floors at any elevation are not
counted as storeys of the building when their area does not exceed 40% of the
area of one storey of that building.
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Each building may have only one
mezzanine floor that is not counted as a storey of the building.
1.4.25
Building volume
The building volume specified
in this Regulation is the total volume of the building as prescribed in TCVN
9255.
1.4.26
Area
The area is calculated in
accordance with TCVN 9255.
NOTE: In cases where buildings
have ensured fire safety distances, evacuation routes, and fire spread
prevention, and are connected by passageways (corridor bridges), it is
permitted to calculate the area and volume of each building separately.
1.4.27
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Refers to an area where indoor
air humidity exceeds 75% at a temperature of 12 °C to 24 °C, or exceeds 60% at
a temperature above 24 °C, created by circulating steam generated from the
room’s own activities (e.g., steam spraying or mist spraying).
1.4.28
Seaports
Refers to an area consisting of
the land and water zones of a seaport, where wharves, storage units, yards,
workshops, headquarters, service establishments, traffic systems, communication
systems, power supply, water supply, waters in front of wharves, navigation
channels, and other auxiliary constructions are constructed.
1.4.29
Unattended electrical
substations
Refer to electrical substations
without on-site operating personnel. The supervision and operation of the unattended
electrical substations are carried out remotely from a control center.
1.4.30
Flammable liquid
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1.4.31
Combustible liquid
Refers to a liquid, a mixture
of liquids, or a liquid containing dissolved or suspended solids with a flash
point equal to or greater than 37,8 °C.
1.5 General requirements
1.5.1 Buildings,
constructions, and fire prevention and firefighting infrastructure within
buildings and constructions, regardless of ownership or managing entity, must
be provided with fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities and
systems in accordance with this Regulation.
1.5.2 Buildings,
constructions, and rooms shall be classified into groups F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5
based on fire hazard levels according to their functions, as specified in QCVN
06:/BXD. Buildings, constructions, and rooms with production or storage
functions (group F5) shall be classified by fire and explosion hazard levels
into classes A, B, C, D, and E, as specified in QCVN 06:/BXD. The technical
classification related to fire (fire resistance level, fire spread prevention
solutions, etc.) of buildings and constructions shall also be determined in
accordance with QCVN 06:/BXD.
1.5.3 Types and groups
of fires are specified in Table 1.
Table
1- Types and groups of fires
Fire type symbol
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Fire group symbol
Characteristics of fire group
A
Fires involving solid
materials
A1
Fires involving solid
materials with smoldering combustion (e.g., wood, paper, dry grass, straw,
coal, textiles, etc.)
A2
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B
Fires involving liquids
B1
Fires involving liquids
insoluble in water (e.g., gasoline, ether, petroleum fuels); fires involving
liquefied solids (e.g., paraffin, etc.)
B2
Fires involving liquids
soluble in water (e.g., alcohol, methanol, glycerin, etc.)
C
Fires involving gases
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D
Fires involving metals
D1
Fires involving light metals
(e.g., aluminum, magnesium, their alloys, etc.), excluding alkali metals
D2
Fires involving alkali metals
and similar metals (e.g., sodium, potassium, etc.)
D3
Fires involving compounds
containing metals (e.g., organometallic compounds, metallic hydrogen, etc.)
E
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E
Fires involving materials
that constitute electrical devices (plastics, metals, etc.), where electrical
current may still be present in the devices
1.5.4 The selection of
types of firefighting facilities, extinguishing methods, and extinguishing
agents must be appropriate to the characteristics and level of fire hazard of
the building, construction, room, or device, corresponding to each type of fire
and the capacity and effectiveness of the firefighting facilities and
extinguishing agents as specified in the regulations under 1.5.5 of this
Regulation. Fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities must
ensure safe operation requirements under normal environmental conditions.
1.5.5 The firefighting
effectiveness of extinguishing agents is specified in Table 2.
Table
2 - Firefighting effectiveness of extinguishing agents
Extinguishing agent
Firefighting effectiveness by fire class
Jet spray
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B
C
D
E
Water
Mist spray
++
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-
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-
++
+
-
-
+ (1)
Water-based extinguishing
agents
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+++
+++
-
-
-
Mist spray
+++
+++
-
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++ (1)
Foam
Low-expansion foam
++
++
-
-
-
Medium-expansion foam
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++
-
-
-
High-expansion foam
+
+
-
-
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Fluorinated foam
++
+++
-
-
-
Gas
CO2, Nitrogen
+
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+
-
+++
Freon gas (2)
+
++
+
-
++
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++
++
++
-
++
Powder
++
+++
+++
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++
(1) Must comply with
electrical safety requirements.
(2) Freon gas refers to fire
extinguishing gases containing chlorofluorocarbons or hydrofluorocarbons such
as HFC-227ea, FK-5-1-12, etc.
NOTE:
“+++” – Very effective
firefighting performance.
“++” – Effective firefighting
performance.
“+” – Low firefighting
performance.
“-” – Not suitable for
firefighting.
When a building,
construction, room, or area contains two or more extinguishing agents that
are of low, effective, or very effective extinguishing performance, it is
permitted to choose one among these agents to minimize potential damage to
devices and machinery within the protected area caused by the extinguishing
substance itself. It is prohibited to use extinguishing agents that may cause
chemical reactions with substances in the protected area, leading to fire or
explosion.
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NOTE: Where flow switches,
pressure switches, or devices with equivalent functions in the extinguishing
system are used as fire alarm signals and are monitored by the fire alarm
control panel, each of such devices shall be regarded as a standalone fire
detection zone.
1.5.7 The provision of
fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities and systems for buildings
and constructions shall be based on an analysis of functional use, fire hazard
characteristics, and other relevant factors concerning the protection of people
and property. For buildings and constructions not specified in Appendices A, B,
and H, the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and
rescue facilities and systems shall be carried out in the same manner as for
buildings and constructions with similar functions, determined according to the
fire hazard groups prescribed in QCVN 06:/BXD.
1.5.5 Mixed-use
buildings and apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes must
comply with the regulations on the provision and arrangement of fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities and systems applicable to
mixed-use buildings and apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes,
when the floor area used for each function of the building does not exceed 70%
of the total floor area of the building (excluding the floor areas used for
technical systems, fire prevention, firefighting, refuge, and parking);
Mixed-use buildings and
apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes must comply with the
regulations on the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities and systems according to the function whose floor area
does not exceed 70% of the total floor area of the building (excluding the
floor areas used for technical systems, fire prevention, firefighting, refuge,
and parking).
1.5.9 When determining
the requirements for providing an automatic fire extinguishing system and/or
automatic fire alarm system, the requirements must first be determined for the
entire building (Table A.1), then for each item/area (Table A.2) and room
within the building (Table A.3), as well as for devices within the scope of the
building (Table A.4). For buildings with underground and above-ground parts
that are separated into fire compartments with independent fire resistance and
separate escape routes, the provision of fire prevention and firefighting
facilities shall be considered for each part in accordance with this
Regulation.
1.5.10 For buildings
with fire resistance grades I, II, or III, that are not divided or are divided
into rooms by structural elements (firewalls or fire floors) with fire
resistance ratings lower than REI 45, or fire barriers with fire resistance
ratings lower than EI 45; and for buildings with fire resistance grades IV or
V, that are not divided or are divided into rooms by structural elements (walls
or floors) with fire resistance ratings lower then REI 15, or participations
with fire resistance ratings lower than EI15, the provision of automatic fire
alarm systems and/or automatic fire extinguishing systems shall correspond to
each room as specified in Table A.3.
1.5.11 Buildings,
constructions, items/areas, or rooms of the scale specified in Appendix A must
be provided with an automatic fire extinguishing system and/or automatic fire
alarm system for the entire building, construction, or room, excluding the
regulations under 1.5.12 and in the following areas:
- Wet-process areas, swimming
pools, bathrooms, washrooms, and restrooms;
- Rooms classified as fire
hazard class E; rooms classified as fire hazard class C4 (excluding rooms in
buildings of fire hazard groups F1.1, F1.2, F2.1, F4.1, and F4.2 by functions);
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- Stairways and stair
enclosures;
- Fire buffer zones;
- Areas with no fire hazard.
NOTE: Areas with no fire hazard
are those that contain no combustible substances or materials, or no heat
sources capable of causing ignition (e.g., water pipe shafts, water tanks,
etc.).
1.5.12 For apartments in
buildings of fire hazard group F1.3 by function, with a fire prevention and
firefighting height not exceeding 100 m, it is permissible to arrange only
sprinkler heads of the automatic water-based fire extinguishing system at the
apartment entrance (installed inside the apartment).
1.5.13 Maintenance of
fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities:
- Maintenance must be carried
out at least once a year for: automatic fire alarm systems, standalone fire alarm
devices; emergency lighting and exit signage; public address and evacuation
guidance systems; outdoor firefighting water supply systems; indoor fire
hydrant outlet systems; and automatic fire extinguishing systems and devices.
- Fire extinguishers must be
maintained at least once every six months.
- The content and methods of
maintenance of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities and systems
must comply with the law on fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue, as well
as with the relevant current technical standards and regulations.
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2 REGULATIONS ON PROVIDING
AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR
BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
2.1 Provision and
arrangement of automatic fire alarm systems and devices
2.1.1 The list of buildings,
items/areas, and rooms required to be provided with automatic fire alarm
systems or standalone fire alarm devices is provided in Appendix A.
The selection and arrangement
of standalone fire alarm devices shall be implemented in accordance with the same
regulations applicable to similar devices used in automatic fire alarm systems.
2.1.2. The design and
installation requirements for automatic fire alarm systems shall comply with
TCVN 7568-14 and TCVN 7568-25.
2.2 Provision and
arrangement of emergency lighting, exit signs, public address, and evacuation
guidance systems
2.2.1 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with emergency lighting and exit signage in
accordance with TCVN 13456.
2.2.2 The design and
installation of emergency lighting and exit signage shall comply with TCVN
13456.
2.2.3 Constructions
under construction must be provided with emergency lighting with a backup power
supply of not less than 1 hour in certain functional areas of the construction,
such as generator rooms, transformer rooms, and fire pump rooms.
Emergency lighting must ensure a horizontal floor illuminance level of not less
than 0,5 lux.
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2.2.5 The design and
installation of public address and evacuation guidance systems must ensure the
requirements specified in H.4.
2.3. Provision and
arrangement of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
2.3.1 Buildings and
constructions required to be provided with outdoor firefighting water supply
systems are specified in Appendix C.
2.3.2 It is permitted
not to provide an outdoor firefighting water supply system if the building or
construction is located within a radius of 400 m, measured horizontally, from
every point of the building or construction, to a fire hydrant or water intake
point of natural or artificial water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers,
tanks, or other artificial water sources, as well as if firefighting water flow
rate/storage capacity meets the prescribed requirements.
If the required water flow
rate/storage capacity is not met, an outdoor firefighting water supply system
must be provided. When calculating the water flow/storage capacity of the
outdoor firefighting water supply system, it is permitted to include the flow
rate/storage capacity of outdoor water supply infrastructure or
natural/artificial water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers, tanks, and other
artificial water sources.
NOTE 1: Requirements for water
intake points are specified in H.1.5.4.
NOTE 2: Natural or artificial
water sources must be public or internal sources within the project or
construction.
2.3.3 The design and
installation of outdoor firefighting water supply systems shall comply with the
regulations under H.1 and H.3 and TCVN 6379.
2.4. Provision and
arrangement of indoor firefighting water supply systems
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NOTE: The indoor fire hydrant
outlet system may be arranged independently or combined with an automatic
water-based fire extinguishing system. When combined, the requirements for both
the indoor fire hydrant outlet system and the automatic fire extinguishing
system must be met.
2.4.2 The design and
installation of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems are specified in H.2 and
H.3.
NOTE: The fire pump of the
indoor fire hydrant outlet system must be operated manually, automatically, ore
remotely. For indoor fire hydrant outlet systems in production buildings and
storage units with fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, and C1; buildings
with a fire protection and firefighting height of 25 m or more; markets, shopping
centers, supermarkets, and hotels; buildings used for karaoke or nightclub
services under establishments providing karaoke or nightclub services;
passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots;
cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots; theaters,
cinemas, and service buildings at seaports and inland waterway ports, the fire
pumps must be controlled manually at the pump room and automatically.
2.4.3 For constructions
under construction with 10 or more storeys or a fire prevention and
firefighting height of 28 m or more, when carrying out interior finishing and
installation of devices of mechanical and electrical systems, a firefighting
water supply solution must be provided, meeting the following requirements: at
least 1 dry-pipe system with fire hydrant outlets on each floor must be
arranged, capable of being connected to fire trucks or fire pumps through an
external connection point for water intake into the system. Each fire hydrant must
be provided with at least 2 hose reels and 1 nozzle.
2.4.4 Buildings and
constructions, with a fire prevention and firefighting height greater than 28 m
(or greater than 50 m for buildings of group F1.3) or with a depth of the floor
of the lowest basement to the elevation of the emergency exit leading outside
greater than 9 m, must be provided with a dry-pipe system with DN65 water
supply inlets fitted with normally closed shut-off valves for professional
firefighting forces. These inlets must be installed in firefighting elevator
lobbies or in the smokeproof stairwells. The dry-pipe system must meet the
following requirements:
- The pipe diameter must be at
least DN65;
- A check valve must be
installed at the fire department connection (from outside into the riser
system), with a suitably sized coupling located outside the building for
connection with high-pressure fire pumps of fire trucks.
- An air release valve must be
installed at the highest point of the riser system;
- A drain valve must be installed
at the lowest point of the riser system;
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2.5 Provision and
arrangement of automatic suppression systems and devices
2.5.1 Buildings,
items/areas, rooms, and devices must be provided and arranged with automatic
fire extinguishing systems and devices as specified in Appendix A. The
extinguishing agent used in the automatic fire extinguishing system must be
suitable for the type of fire in the protected area, as prescribed in 1.5.3 of
this Regulation, and appropriate to the protection requirements.
2.5.2 The design and
installation of automatic fire extinguishing systems are stipulated by the
corresponding standards, including TCVN 7336, TCVN 13926, TCVN 13657-1, TCVN
13333, TCVN 6101, TCVN 7161-1, TCVN 7161-5, TCVN 7161-9, TCVN 7161-13, TCVN
7161-14, TCVN 7161-15, TCVN 13877-2, TCVN 14496, and NFPA 15.
2.5.3 When arranging and
installing an automatic fire extinguishing system using an extinguishing agent
that is hazardous to humans, the evacuation time must be calculated to ensure
that the last person can escape from the room or protected area before the
system automatically discharges the extinguishing agent.
2.5.4 Based on the
actual conditions of the building or construction, automatically activated
powder fire extinguishers may be installed on walls or suspended from the
ceiling at an appropriate height to ensure the effective protection area as
specified by the manufacturer. In all cases, the distance from the heat sensor
to the ceiling must not exceed 40 cm. Suspended automatically activated
powder fire extinguishers may be installed in restaurant kitchens, boiler
rooms, laundry rooms with an area not exceeding 100 m2, and
electrical technical rooms with an area not exceeding 10 m2. If
installed in areas exceeding 100 m2, such areas must be divided into
zones of up to 100 m2 using firewalls (with a fire resistance rating
not less than REI 45) or fire partitions (with a fire resistance rating not
less than EI 45).
2.5.5 It is permitted to
provide automatically activated gas or aerosol fire extinguishers (with
functions for supervising the standby status of the device and the status
during fire extinguishing; these signals must be interconnected with the
automatic fire alarm system) as a replacement for the automatic fire
extinguishing system in areas not frequently occupied by people and with a
floor area not exceeding 100 m2. If installed in areas with a floor
area greater than 100 m2, such areas must be divided into zones of
up to 100 m2 using firewalls (with a fire resistance rating not less
than REI 45) or fire partitions (with a fire resistance rating not less than EI
45).
Suspended automatically
activated gas extinguishers must comply with TCVN 12314-2.
2.6 Provision and
arrangement of fire extinguishers
2.6.1 All areas in
buildings and constructions, including those already provided with fire
extinguishing systems, must be provided with portable fire extinguishers or
wheeled fire extinguishers. The selection, calculation, provision, and
arrangement of fire extinguishers shall be carried out in accordance with
Points 6 and 7 of TCVN 7435-1.
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2.6.3 On the same floor
or building storey, if the layout is separated into different zones by walls,
partitions, barriers, or other obstacles without passageways between them, fire
extinguishers must be independently provided for each zone, ensuring compliance
with Points 6 and 7 of TCVN 7435-1.
2.6.4 Fire extinguishers
shall be arranged in visible and easily accessible locations and be red in
color. Where they are not easily identifiable, directional signs may be used in
accordance with Point 5 of TCVN 7435-1. Fire extinguishers must not be placed
all in one spot.
Fire extinguishers must always
be ready for immediate use and arranged in the following locations:
- Where they are easily visible
to people following the escape routes;
- Near exits and entrances of
rooms, staircases, corridors, and passageways;
- In similar locations on each
floor where the floors have identical layouts.
Fire extinguishers shall not be
placed in the following areas or positions:
- Where potential fires may
obstruct access to the extinguishers;
- Near heat-generating devices
that may affect their quality or effectiveness;
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- In paces that may obstruct
escape routes;
- Far from exits in rooms or
corridors, except when fire hazards make it necessary;
- Where routine activities may
damage extinguishers.
2.6.5 Constructions
under construction must be provided with at least 1 portable ABC powder fire
extinguisher with a capacity of not less than 4 kg for each floor area of up to
500 m2, calculated separately for each floor of the construction,
including temporary buildings serving the construction site (if the area is
less than 500 m2, at least 1 portable ABC powder fire extinguisher
with a capacity of not less than 4 kg must still be provided). The number
of portable fire extinguishers must be doubled over the minimum required
quantity when fire trucks cannot access the construction. All portable fire
extinguishers must be arranged to ensure a maximum protection radius of 25 m
and placed in visible and easily accessible locations.
2.7 Provision and
arrangement of basic demolition tools, gas masks, and self-contained breathing
apparatus
2.7.1 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with basic demolition tools as specified in
Appendix E.
These tools must be arranged in
areas where fire prevention and firefighting personnel are regularly on duty.
2.7.2 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with gas masks and self-contained breathing
apparatus as specified in Appendix F.
Gas masks provided for
buildings and constructions shall be arranged in facility cabinets located
along corridors, escape routes on each floor, or rooms that are regularly
occupied; self-contained breathing apparatus shall be arranged in fire control
or monitoring rooms or fire prevention and firefighting duty areas in visible
and easily accessible positions, ensuring compliance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
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2.8.1 Storage units,
production establishments, airports, seaports, industrial parks, and industrial
clusters must be provided with mobile firefighting facilities in addition to
firefighting systems, as specified in Appendix D. The mobile firefighting
facilities provided must comply with TCVN 13316 (all parts) and TCVN 12110.
2.8.2 Fire trucks and
fireboats provided for buildings and constructions must meet the following
requirements:
- Have technical
characteristics and firefighting features suitable for the type of building or
construction being protected;
- Contain appropriate
extinguishing agents, facilities, and tools as prescribed by regulations.
3 REGULATIONS ON MANAGEMENT
3.1 Fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities listed in Appendix V enclosed with Decree
No. 105/2025/ND-CP must obtain a circulation permit from a competent authority
before being placed on the market.
3.2 The issuance of the
certificate of inspection of fire prevention and firefighting facilities, as
well as the management and use of inspection seals for such facilities, shall
comply with Clause 1 Article 46 of Decree No. 105/2025/ND-CP.
4 IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 The Fire and Rescue
Police Department shall disseminate and guide the application of this
Regulation to all relevant entities.
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APPENDIX
A
(Regulation0)
Regulations
on provision of automatic fire alarm systems, standalone fire alarm devices, and
automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatically activated fire
extinguishing devices
Table
A.1 – For buildings
NO.
Type of building
Automatic fire alarm system
Automatic fire extinguishing system (1)
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Individual houses combined
with service business (with the business area occupying less than 30% of the
total floor area of the building)
Height of 7 storeys or more
(allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
2.
Individual houses combined
with the production or trading of flammable goods (with the
production/business area occupying less than 30% of the total floor area of
the building) (2)
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
3.
Apartment buildings,
collective housing, and dormitories of educational institutions in accordance
with the law on education
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
4.
Nurseries, kindergartens,
preschools, and other preschool education establishments in accordance with
the law on education
Having 100 or more children,
or a total floor area of 300 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 500 m2)
Height of 4 storeys or more
(excluding the top technical floor) and total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
5.
Primary schools; lower
secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with multiple
levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools; vocational
schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law (excluding those listed in Item 4
of this Table); social protection establishments
Height of 5 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 700 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
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Medical examination and
treatment buildings, and patient accommodation of hospitals; maternity homes,
health stations, general and specialized clinics; buildings for
convalescence, rehabilitation, and orthopaedics; buildings of epidemic
prevention and control establishments; buildings of other health
establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical Examination and Treatment
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 300 m2 or more.
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 2000 m2
or more
7.
Nursing homes
Regardless of area (allowed
to provide standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 3 storeys
and total floor area is less than 300 m2).
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
8.
Sports arena, sports training
building, and buildings of other sports establishments established under the
Law on Physical Training and Sports
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
9.
Theaters, cinemas, and
circuses
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more, or 200 seats or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm
devices when total floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
10.
Libraries
Total floor area of 300 m2
or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices when total floor
area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
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Museums, exhibition
buildings, and display buildings (excluding display buildings specified in
Item 25 of this Table)
11.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 200 m2
or more
11.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
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One or two storeys
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
Total floor area of 1000 m2
or more
11.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
12.
Cultural houses, convention
centers, multi-purpose buildings
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
13.
Buildings used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or
nightclub services
13.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
13.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
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13.2.1.
One or two storeys
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
13.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
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Buildings used for religious
or belief purposes under religious or belief establishments (excluding family
ancestral worship houses), and historical-cultural monuments at the
provincial level or higher
Height of 4 storeys or more
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
15.
Markets (organized at a
planned location), shopping centers, and supermarkets (3) (excluding
buildings specified in Item 25)
15.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 200 m2 or
more
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Located on above-ground
storeys
15.2.1.
One or two storeys
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 3500 m2
or more
15.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
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Restaurants, dining
establishments, canteens of establishments subject to fire prevention and
firefighting management; buildings of aquariums, amusement service establishments,
art performance or other cultural activity establishments
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices when height
is less than 3 storeys and total floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
17.
Electronics stores,
department stores, convenience stores, and stores trading flammable goods as
prescribed by law
17.1.
Located in basements or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 200 m2
or more
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Located on above-ground
storeys
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 300 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 3500 m2
or more
17.3.
Buildings trading flammable
and combustible liquids (excluding goods stored in non-combustible containers
or bottles with a capacity not exceeding 20 liters)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
18.
Hotels, guesthouses, motels,
and buildings within resorts or other accommodation service establishments
...
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
19.
Post offices, postal
stations, and buildings within other postal and telecommunications service
establishments
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 500 m2 or more.
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
20.
Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research establishments
Height of 5 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
...
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Mixed-use buildings and
apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2 or more
22.
Passenger and cargo terminals
at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; cable car stations; urban
railway passenger stations and depots; service buildings within
seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, rest stops, and dry ports
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices when height is less
than 3 storeys and total floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 10000 m2
or more
23.
Air traffic control towers
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Regardless of area
24.
Vehicle inspection workshops
within motor vehicle inspection centers
Floor area of 500 m2
or more
-
25.
Buildings used for parking of
automobiles and motorcycles, or for displaying automobiles and motorcycles(4)
25.1.
Enclosed type located in
basements, semi-basements, or above-ground with 2 storeys or more
...
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Regardless of area
25.2.
Enclosed type, single-storey
above ground
25.2.1.
With fire resistance grades
I, II, or III, and structural fire hazard class S0
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 7000 m2
or more
25.2.2.
With fire resistance grades
I, II, or III, and structural fire hazard class S1
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Total floor area of 3600 m2
or more
25.2.3.
With fire resistance grades
IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S0
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 3600 m2
or more
25.2.4.
With fire resistance grades
IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S1
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 2000 m2
or more
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With fire resistance grades
IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S2 or S3
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 1000 m2
or more
25.3.
Open type (5)
25.3.1.
Where the distance from any
point to the open edge is no greater than 12 m
Total floor area of 4000 m2
or more, or height of 4 storeys or more
-
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Where the distance from any
point to the open edge is greater than 12 m
Regardless of area
Total floor area of 4000 m2
or more, or height of 4 storeys or more
26.
Mechanical automobile parking
garage
-
From 4 parking spaces per
storey or more
27.
Aircraft maintenance hangars
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Total floor area of 2800 m2
or more
28.
Road traffic tunnels (road
tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or more
-
29.
Buildings for processing or storing
grain-type agricultural products (5), (6)
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
Total floor area of 3000 m2
or more
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Class C fire hazard storage
units with storage racks higher than 5,5 m
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
31.
Class B or C fire and
explosion hazard storage units with 2 storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
(1) For mixed-use buildings
that are not required to be provided with an automatic fire extinguishing
system as prescribed in Table A.1, if any functional part of the building
falls within the scope requiring such a system under Table A.1, an automatic
fire extinguishing system must be installed for that part of the building.
When karaoke or nightclub
businesses are arranged within a mixed-use building, and the scale of the
karaoke or nightclub area falls within the scope requiring an automatic fire
extinguishing system as prescribed in Table A.1, or when the karaoke or
nightclub area is located on the 3rd storey or higher, an automatic fire
extinguishing system must be provided for the entire building.
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(2) It is permitted to
provide only an automatic fire alarm system or standalone fire alarm devices
in production or business areas; however, each storey of the building must
have an audible warning system interconnected with the automatic fire alarm
system or standalone fire alarm devices.
For individual houses
combined with business activities or individual houses combined with
production or trading of flammable goods, where the area used for production
or business activities accounts for 30% to 70% of the total floor area of the
building, the provision of automatic fire alarm systems, standalone fire
alarm devices, and automatic fire extinguishing systems shall be carried out
as for mixed-use buildings. Where the production or business area exceeds 70%
of the total floor area, the provision of automatic fire alarm systems,
standalone fire alarm devices, and automatic fire extinguishing systems shall
be carried out according to the function of the production or business.
(3) It is permitted not to
install automatic fire extinguishing systems in display areas for
non-combustible cookware, devices, goods, or materials, as well as areas for
storage and processing of meat, fish, fruits, and vegetables (in
non-combustible packaging) intended for sale.
(4) It is permitted not to
arrange an automatic fire extinguishing system in one-level underground
parking garages constructed beneath open ground when the capacity does not
exceed 25 vehicles.
For one- or two-storey
enclosed parking garages divided into compartments (each compartment
separated by type 1 fire partitions and having direct exits to the open air),
it is permitted not to install an automatic fire alarm system or an automatic
fire extinguishing system, provided that each compartment accommodates no
more than 2 vehicles.
It is also permitted not to
install automatic fire alarm systems and automatic fire extinguishing systems
in motorcycle storage or display buildings that are no more than 2 storeys
high and have a total floor area not exceeding 1000 m2.
(5) Open-type building refers
to a building without exterior enclosing walls. A building is also considered
open if its two longest opposite sides are left open. A side is considered
open if the total open floor area along that side accounts for at least 50%
of its exterior surface area on each storey.
(6) It is not required to
provide automatic fire alarm or automatic fire extinguishing systems for
open-type buildings used for the processing or storage of grain-type
agricultural products.
NOTE 1: Buildings listed
under Items 6, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 21 with fire resistance grades IV-V must
be provided with automatic fire alarm systems when the total floor area is
200 m2 or more; and automatic fire extinguishing systems when the
total floor area is 1200 m2 or more.
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Table
A.2 – For items/areas
NO.
Item/Area
Automatic fire alarm system
Automatic fire extinguishing system
1.
Cable sections(1)
of power plants (excluding cables installed outside buildings or
constructions)
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
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Cable sections(1)
of electrical substations with a voltage of 500 kV or more (excluding cables
installed outside buildings or constructions)
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
3.
Cable sections(1)
of electrical substations with a voltage of 110-220 kV (excluding cables
installed outside buildings or constructions) and transformers with the capacity
as follows:
3.1.
Below 63 MVA
...
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-
3.2.
From 63 MVA or higher
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
4.
Cable sections(1)
of unattended electrical substations (excluding cables installed outside
buildings or constructions)
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
...
...
...
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Cable tunnels (trenches)
inside production or residential buildings containing cables or conductors with
a voltage of 220 V or higher:
5.1.
Volume from 10 m3
to 100 m3
From 5 cables or more(2)
-
5.2.
Volume over 100 m3
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From 12 cables or more(2)
6.
Enclosed conveyors
transporting flammable materials
Length of 25 m or more
Length of 25 m or more
7.
The void space above false
ceilings or under raised floors with a height of 0,35 m or more in areas(3) of
rooms or buildings required to have an automatic fire extinguishing system
and/or an automatic fire alarm system, where:
...
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Technical conduits covered
with combustible materials of groups Ch2-Ch4, regardless of mass
Regardless of scale
-
7.2.
Cable trays (bundles) with a
voltage of 220 or higher, with a total volume of combustible materials
(groups Ch2-Ch4) of 0,0015 m3 per meter of length of more
Regardless of scale(2)
-
8.
Cable tunnels (trenches) of
road traffic tunnels with a total length of 500 m or more
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-
(1) Cable sections in this
Regulation include tunnels, shafts, raised floors (double floors), cable
floors, and cable corridors used for laying cables (including where they are
combined with other communication facilities).
(2) It is permitted not to
provide automatic fire alarm systems or automatic fire extinguishing systems
in the following cases:
- Cables are routed in
conduits or covered with non-combustible materials or materials of
combustibility Ch1;
- Cables or electrical wires
belong to lighting systems or communication systems.
(3) The areas to which the
requirements specified in Items 7.1 and 7.2 of this Table apply include:
- Evacuation corridors,
auditoriums, and lobbies;
- Rooms accommodating 50
people or more;
- Rooms classified as fire
hazard groups F1.1 and F4.1 by functions, and those used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services.
...
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Table
A.3 – For rooms
NO.
Protected entity
Automatic fire alarm system
Automatic fire extinguishing system
1.
Storage rooms
1.1.
Belonging to fire and
explosion hazard classes A, B
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Area of 300 m2 or more
1.2.
Storing rubber, plastic
pellets; matches, alkali metals, fireworks; wool, fur; or other combustible
materials with low density (below 3 kg/m3)
Regardless of area
Area of 100 m2 or
more
1.3.
Containing non-combustible
goods packed in combustible packaging (with specific fire load from 1 MJ/m2
to 180 MJ/m2)
Area of 300 m2 or
more
-
...
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Belonging to fire hazard
class C1 (excluding rooms under Items 1.2 and 1.3 of this Table and storage
rooms within buildings and establishments for processing or storing
grain-type agricultural products), when located on storeys as follows:
1.4.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Area of 100 m2 or
more
1.4.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 300 m2 or
more
...
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...
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Belonging to fire hazard
classes C2 and C3 (excluding rooms under Items 1.2 and 1.3 of this Table and
storage rooms within buildings and establishments for processing or storing
grain-type agricultural products)
1.5.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 300 m2 or
more
1.5.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
...
...
...
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Refrigerated storage units
Area of 300 m2 or
more
-
2.
Production rooms
2.1.
Belonging to fire and
explosion hazard classes A, B
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2 or
more
...
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...
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Belonging to fire hazard
class C1 (excluding rooms within buildings and establishments for processing
or storing grain-type agricultural products)
2.2.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
2.2.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2 or
more
...
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Belonging to fire hazard
classes C1 and C3 (excluding rooms within buildings and establishments for
processing or storing grain-type agricultural products)
2.3.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
2.3.1.1.
Without direct exit to
outdoors
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2 or
more
2.3.1.2.
With direct exit to outdoors
...
...
...
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Area of 700 m2 or
more
2.3.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
2.4.
Rooms for production of
flammable liquids (solvents, paints, adhesives, impregnation solutions,
synthetic rubber); rooms for production of suspensions from aluminum powder
or rubber glue; painting rooms; rooms for artificial synthetic rubber;
compressor rooms using gas turbines; rooms for heating petroleum and diesel
oil
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
...
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Communication rooms
3.1.
Device separation rooms and
auxiliary rooms (ventilation, transformer rooms) of broadcasting stations with
a transmission capacity of 150 kW or more; receiving stations with 20 or more
receivers; fixed satellite communication stations with a transmission
capacity greater than 1kW; television relay stations with a transmission
capacity of 25-50 kW; network inter-provincial and municipal network nodes
and telephone exchanges; telegraph stations; terminal amplifier points; and
regional communication centers
Regardless of area
-
3.2.
Technical workshops of
terminal amplifier stations, intermediate radio relay stations, and
transmission/reception centers without supervision or personnel on duty at
night
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
...
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Base stations of mobile radio
communication systems and relay stations of mobile radio communication
systems without supervision
Regardless of area
Area of 24 m2 or
more
3.4.
Digital exchange rooms,
telephone control centers, computer centers, and telegraph centers of post offices
of provinces or cities located in buildings with a total volume of:
3.4.1.
Less than 40000 m3
...
...
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3.4.2.
40000 m3 or more
Regardless of area
Area of 24 m2 or
more
3.5.
Telephone exchange rooms
where the switching devices are electronic or semi-electronic, installed
together with a computer used as a control unit and input/output device;
rooms containing electronic switching devices, nodes, or document
communication centers with a capacity of:(1), (2)
3.5.1.
Less than 10000 numbers,
channels, or connection points
...
...
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3.5.2.
10000 numbers, channels, or
connection points or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
3.6.
Rooms equipped with division
and connection devices with computers used for controlling automatic
telephone exchanges with a station capacity of:
3.6.1.
Less than 10000
inter-provincial or municipal channels
...
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3.6.2.
10000 inter-provincial or
municipal channels or more
Regardless of area
Area of 24 m2 or
more
3.7.
Rooms used for processing,
sorting, storing, and dispatching parcels, letters, telegrams, and newspapers
Regardless of area
Area of 500 m2 or
more
...
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...
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Auxiliary rooms in the
field of transport
4.1.
Electrical machinery room,
device rooms, and rooms for repair and fabrication of train carriages,
wheels, engines, etc., with a fire and explosion hazard class C3 or higher,
belong to establishments for building, repairing, and maintaining trains,
trams, or vessels
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
4.2.
Rooms for repair,
maintenance, and storage of road motor vehicles (excluding automobiles)
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
...
...
...
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Rooms for automobile repair
and maintenance
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 700 m2 or
more
4.4.
Rooms for indoor automobile
storage in buildings with other functions (excluding individual houses combined
with production or business activities)
Regardless of area
From 3 automobiles or more
4.5.
Rooms for disassembly or
assembly of aircraft engines, aircraft devices, airplane wheels, and
helicopters; rooms for production or repair of aircraft engines
...
...
...
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Regardless of area
4.6.
Rooms for housing fire pumps,
ventilation rooms, and storage units for supplies or goods of road traffic
tunnels
Regardless of area
-
5.
Public function rooms
5.1.
Library storage rooms with a
specific number of documents/books:
...
...
...
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Under 250000 units
Area of 300 m2 or
more
-
5.1.2.
250000 units or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.2.
Exhibition and display rooms (3)
...
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Area of 1000 m2 or
more
5.3.
Rooms for preservation and
exhibition of valuable works or items in museums (3)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.4.
In cultural and entertainment
buildings with stages and auditoriums (theaters, clubs, concert halls, film
and concert halls, multi-purpose halls, cultural houses, circuses, etc.)
5.4.1.
Capacity of 400 seats or more
and stage area of 100 m2 or more (4)
...
...
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Regardless of area
5.4.2.
Capacity of 700 seats or more
(4)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.4.3.
Storage units for
decorations, props, and stage equipment
Area of 100 m2 or
more
Area of 300 m2 or
more
...
...
...
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Film studios
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 1000 m2 or
more
5.6.
Money storage rooms (vaults)
in banks and treasuries
Regardless of area
Area of 30 m2 or
more
5.7.
Luggage preservation rooms
and storage units for flammable materials in passenger or cargo
terminals:
...
...
...
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Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.7.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 300 m2 or
more
5.8.
Rooms for preservation of
combustible materials:
...
...
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Located in indoor sports
constructions with a capacity of 800 seats or more
Area of 100 m2 or
more
Area of 100 m2 or
more
5.8.2.
Located under the stands of
indoor sports constructions or outdoor sports constructions with a capacity
of more than 3000 seats
Area of 100 m2 or
more
Area of 100 m2 or
more
5.9.
Dedicated server rooms
...
...
...
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Area of 24 m2 or
more
5.10.
Commercial rooms in buildings
of other functions:
5.10.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
Area of 200 m2 or
more
5.10.2.
Located on above-ground
storeys
...
...
...
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Area of 500 m2 or
more
5.11.
Rooms for trading flammable
and combustible liquids (excluding goods stored in non-combustible containers
or bottles with a capacity not exceeding 20 liters)
Regardless of scale
Regardless of scale
6.
Control rooms, electrical distribution
device rooms, and battery rooms of unattended electrical substations
Regardless of scale(5)
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(2) The automatic fire
extinguishing system selected to protect these rooms must not cause damage or
malfunction to the devices in the event of accidental activation.
(3) This requirement does not
apply to temporary rooms used for exhibitions or displays.
(4) When the stage area is
100 m2 or more, a fire spread prevention solution must be provided
between the stage area and the audience area (using a drencher fire curtain
or a fire curtain with a minimum fire resistance rating of El 60).
(5) The fire alarm control
panel of an unattended electrical substation must transmit fire alarm signals
to a remote control center.
NOTE: Production rooms and
storage rooms, including laboratories and workshops, with an area greater
than 50 m2 in buildings of groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 shall apply
the requirements of this Regulation as for F5 rooms.
Table
A.4 – For devices
NO.
Protected entity
Automatic fire alarm
system
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1
Spray booths using flammable
or combustible liquids(1)
-
Regardless of scale
2
Waste-recovery towers (e.g.,
dust, coal, sawdust) that are flammable(1)
-
Regardless of scale
3
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3.1
110 kV transformers installed
in an electrical substation room
Regardless of capacity
Capacity of 63 MVA or more
3.2
110 kV transformers installed
in power plants
Capacity of 63 MVA or more
Capacity of 63 MVA or more
3.3
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Regardless of capacity
Capacity of 200 MVA or more
3.4
500 kV transformers or higher
Regardless of capacity
Regardless of capacity
4
Transformers in unattended
electrical substations
Regardless of capacity
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5
Transformers installed in
rooms of buildings with other functions (excluding Item 3 of this Table)
Regardless of capacity
Capacity of 63 MVA or more,
or voltage of 110 kV or more
6
Test stations using diesel or
gasoline generators mounted on automobiles or trailers
-
Regardless of area
(1) It is permitted to use automatic
fire extinguishing devices in place of automatic fire extinguishing systems.
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APPENDIX
B
(Regulation)
Regulations
on provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
Table
B.1 - Regulations on provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
NO.
Type of building/construction
Scale
1.
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1.1.
Individual houses combined
with service businesses, individual houses combined with the production or
trading of flammable goods, with the production/business area does not exceed
70% of the total floor area of the building
Height of 7 storeys or more
1.2.
Apartment buildings,
mixed-use apartment buildings, collective housing, and dormitories within
educational institutions as prescribed by education law; hotels, guesthouses,
and motels; buildings within resorts or other accommodation service
establishments; mixed-use buildings
Height of 5 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.3.
Nurseries, kindergartens, preschools,
and other preschool education establishments in accordance with the law on
education
From 100 children or more, or
height of 3 storeys or more, or total floor area of 1000 m2 or
more
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Primary schools; lower
secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with multiple
levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools; vocational
schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law (excluding those listed in Item
1.3 of this Table); medical examination and treatment buildings, and patient
accommodation of hospitals; maternity homes, health stations, general and
specialized clinics; buildings for convalescence, rehabilitation, and orthopaedics;
buildings of epidemic prevention and control establishments; buildings of
other health establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical Examination
and Treatment
Height of 3 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 600 m2 or more.
1.5.
Buildings of aquariums,
amusement service establishments, art performance or other cultural activity
establishments; museums, exhibition buildings, and display buildings;
buildings used for religious or belief purposes under religious or belief
establishments (excluding family ancestral worship houses), and
historical-cultural monuments at the provincial level or higher; sports
arena, sports training building, and buildings of other sports establishment
established under the Law on Physical Training and Sports; vehicle inspection
workshops within motor vehicle inspection centers
Height of 6 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.6.
Theaters, cinemas, and
circuses
300 seats or more, or total
floor area of 1000 m2 or more
1.7.
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Total floor area of 1500 m2
or more
1.8.
Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; post offices, postal stations, and buildings within other
postal and telecommunications service establishments
Height of 6 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.9.
Buildings used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or
nightclub services
1.9.1.
Located in basements or
semi-basements
Regardless of area
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Located on above-ground
storeys
1.9.2.1
One or two storeys
Total floor area of 300 m2
or more
1.9.2.2
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
1.10.
Grade-1 markets, grade-2
markets, shopping centers, and supermarkets (excluding automobile and
motorcycle showrooms)
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1.11.
Restaurants, dining
establishments, canteens of establishments subject to fire prevention and
firefighting management
Height of 6 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.12.
Air traffic control towers;
passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots;
cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots; service
buildings within seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, rest
stops, and dry ports
Height of 6 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
2.
Production buildings and
storage units of fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, C, and D
Total floor area of 500 m2
or more
...
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Buildings used for parking of
automobiles and motorcycles, or for displaying automobiles and motorcycles
3.1.
Enclosed type
Total floor area of 150 m2
or more
3.2.
Open type (excluding
mechanical automobile garages)
Total floor area of 1000 m2
or more
4.
Road traffic tunnels (road
tunnels for automobiles)
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5.
Aircraft maintenance hangars;
establishments for building, repairing, and maintaining inland waterway
vehicles and seagoing vessels; buildings for repairing and maintaining road
motor vehicles
Total floor area of 1000 m2
or more
NOTE 1: For mixed-use
buildings, individual houses combined with service businesses, and individual
houses combined with the production and trading of flammable goods that are
not required to be provided with indoor fire hydrant outlet systems, any
functional area of the building that falls within the scope subject to the
provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems according to Table B.1 must
be provided with indoor fire hydrant outlet systems for that part of the
building. For mixed-use buildings where karaoke or nightclub business areas
are located on the 3rd storey or above, the indoor fire hydrant outlet system
must be provided for the entire building.
Regarding individual houses
combined with service businesses or production and trading of flammable goods,
where the floor area used for production or business exceeds 70% of the
building's total floor area, the provision of indoor fire hydrant outlets
shall be in accordance with the production and business functions.
NOTE 2: It is permitted to
provide packaged fire hydrant outlet systems instead of the fire hydrant
outlet systems in constructions, as prescribed in Appendix A of TCVN 13926.
NOTE 3: Indoor fire hydrant
outlet systems shall not be provided for production buildings or storage
units where substances are used or stored that, upon contact with water, may
cause fire, explosion, or fire propagation.
APPENDIX
C
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Regulations
on provision of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
Table
C.1 - Regulations on provision of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
NO.
Type of building/construction
Scale
1.
Medical examination and
treatment buildings, and patient accommodation of hospitals
Height of 5 storeys or more,
or total floor area of 3000 m2 or more
2.
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Regardless of scale
3.
Passenger and cargo terminals
at airports; aircraft maintenance hangars; special-level or level-I inland waterway
ports; special-level or level-I seaports; category-I or category-II fishing
ports; dry ports; railway passenger stations and depots; urban railway
passenger stations and depots; rest stops (1)
Regardless of scale
4.
Road traffic tunnels (road
tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or more
5.
Establishments for building,
repairing, and maintaining inland waterway vehicles or seagoing vessels
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6.
Thermal power plants;
electrical substations with a voltage of 220 kV or more
Regardless of scale
7.
Oil refineries; refining and
petrochemical factories; gas processing factories; biofuel production
factories; storage units for petroleum or petroleum products; storage units
for liquefied gas(2); ports for importing/exporting
petroleum/petroleum products
Regardless of scale
8.
Establishments for producing
explosives or industrial explosive precursors
Regardless of scale
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20 tons of explosives or more
9.
Integrated iron and steel
complexes; automobile manufacturing and assembly factories (3)
Regardless of scale
Constructions for producing
automobile tires and tubes (3)
Annual production exceeding
100 million units
Constructions for production,
storage, and filling stations of petrochemical products (3)
Annual production exceeding
50000 tons
10.
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Regardless of scale
(1) Only required for rest
stops planned along expressways.
(2) Only required for
standalone storage units, excluding storage units of production or civil
establishments.
(3) Not required for
buildings and constructions located within industrial parks or industrial
clusters.
APPENDIX
D
(Regulation)
Regulations
on provision of mobile firefighting facilities
Table
D.1 - Regulations on provision of mobile firefighting facilities
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Entity
Scale
Fire truck, units
Fireboat, units
Portable fire pump, units(2)
1
Storage units (1)
1.1
Storage units for petroleum
and petroleum products
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2
1.2
Storage units for petroleum
and petroleum products
Total volume from 100000 m3
to 500000 m3
1
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Storage units for petroleum
and petroleum products
Total volume below 100000 m3
1
2
Airports, ports
2.1
Airports
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Categories 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
1
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Categories 6 and 7
2
Categories 8, 9, and 10
3
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2.2
Ports
Seaports exporting/importing
explosives, gases, liquids, or solids listed as hazardous cargo
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2
Level 1
1
Levels II and III
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1
Dedicated LNG ports
Receiving ships or devices
with a storage capacity of 8000 m3 or more
1
3
Production establishments
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Thermal power plants
Total capacity of 600 MW to
under 1200 MW
1
Total capacity of 1200 MW or
more
2
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3.2
Hydropower plants
Total capacity of 1000 MW or
more
1
3.3
Thermal or hydropower plants
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1
3.4
Textile factories
Capacity from 25 million m2/year
1
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Oil refineries; refining and
petrochemical factories
Regardless of capacity
2
3.6
Gas processing establishments
Capacity of 10 million m3/day
or more
1
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4
Industrial parks,
industrial clusters
4.1
Industrial parks
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2
4.2
Industrial parks, industrial
clusters
Total area from 75 ha to 300
ha
1
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Industrial parks, industrial
clusters
Total area of less than 75 ha
1
(1) Applicable to storage
units provided with automatic fire extinguishing systems and fixed
firefighting and cooling systems, installed for storage tanks and pumping
stations for petroleum and petroleum products. For storage units not provided
with automatic fire extinguishing systems and fixed firefighting and cooling
systems for storage tanks and pumping stations for petroleum and petroleum
products, mobile firefighting facilities must be provided at twice the
quantity specified in this Table.
(2) Portable fire pumps must
meet the minimum flow rate and discharge pressure specified for pump type B-1
in Table of TCVN 12110.
NOTE 1: Project constructions
that are adjacent or have a firefighting service radius not exceeding 3 km
and are operated by the same designated agency or organization, mobile
firefighting facilities may be provided based on the project construction
with the greater requirement. The remaining project construction is required
to provide 1 portable fire pump.
NOTE 2: Portable fire pumps
may be replaced with fire trucks.
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NOTE 4: Fireboats may be
replaced with tugboats with firefighting functions.
APPENDIX
E
(Regulation)
Regulations
on provision of basic demolition tools
Table
E.1 - Regulations on provision of basic demolition tools
NO.
Entity
Scale
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1.
Production buildings
Regardless of scale
1 set of basic demolition
tools, including:
- Axe (minimum weight of 2
kg, high-carbon steel);
- Crowbar (one pointed end
and one flat end; minimum length of 100 cm);
- Hammer (high-carbon steel,
minimum weight of 5 kg);
- Bolt cutter (minimum
cutting load of 60 kg)
2.
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3.
Apartment buildings,
collective housing, hotels, guesthouses, motels, and other accommodation
service establishments
4.
Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; schools (primary schools; lower secondary schools; upper
secondary schools; general schools with multiple levels; colleges; junior
colleges; professional secondary schools; vocational schools; technical
worker schools); hospitals
5.
Passenger and cargo terminals
at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; urban railway passenger
stations and depots; cable car stations; service buildings within
seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, and rest stops
6.
Buildings used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or
nightclub services, and buildings with similar functions; theaters and
cinemas
7.
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APPENDIX
F
(Regulation)
Regulations
on provision of gas masks and self-contained breathing apparatus
Table
F.1 - Regulations on provision of gas masks and self-contained breathing
apparatus
NO.
Entity
Scale, characteristics
Quantity (units)
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Hotels, guesthouses, motels,
and other accommodation service establishments
Height of 3 storeys or more
Provide gas masks on all
storeys at the rate of 1 mask per person (including both guests and regular
on-site staff)
2.
Buildings used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or
nightclub services, and buildings with similar functions
Regardless of scale
Provide gas masks on all
storeys. The number of masks on each storey is calculated based on the maximum
number of people simultaneously present in the largest room on that storey,
at the rate of 1 mask per person
3.
Gas processing establishments
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Provide at least 3 sets of
self-contained breathing apparatus
4.
Oil refineries; petrochemical
factories; refining and petrochemical factories
Regardless of scale
5.
Storage units for petroleum
and petroleum products
Total volume of 100000 m3
or more
6.
Hydropower plants
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7.
Thermal power plants
Total capacity of 600 MW or
more
8.
Textile factories
Capacity from 25 million m2/year
9.
Industrial parks
Total area of 75 ha or more
...
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Seaports
Belonging to grade I
constructions or higher, and engaging in the import/export of explosives or
flammable gases, liquids, or solids listed as hazardous goods
APPENDIX
G
(Regulation)
Regulations
on provision of public address and evacuation guidance systems
Table
G.1 - Regulations on provision of public address and evacuation guidance
systems
NO.
Entity
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1.
Apartment buildings,
buildings, and public constructions subject to fire prevention and
firefighting management
More than 10 storeys high, or
having 2 or more basements
2.
Buildings used for providing
karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or nightclub
services, and buildings with similar functions; theaters and cinemas;
hospitals; nursing homes
From 50 people per storey or
more
3.
Enclosed automobile and
motorcycle parking buildings (including both standalone parking buildings and
parking areas inside mixed buildings with other functions)
Total floor area of 18000 m2
or more
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Production buildings
Total floor area of 18000 m2
or more, and 300 people or more per storey
5.
Road traffic tunnels (road
tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or more
6.
Passenger and cargo terminals
at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; urban railway passenger
stations and depots
Regardless of scale
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(Regulation)
Requirements
for system design and installation
H.1 Requirements for the
design and installation of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
H.1.1 Pressure of outdoor
firefighting water supply systems
H.1.1.1 The firefighting water
supply piping system may be either a high-pressure or low-pressure piping
system. In high-pressure firefighting water supply pipelines, the
required firefighting pressure is generated by fixed fire pumps; when
maintaining high pressure, calculations must ensure the piping system's working
pressure is not exceeded. For high-pressure pipelines, fire pumps must be able
to operate within 5 minutes after receiving a fire alarm signal.
H.1.1.2 The minimum free
pressure in low-pressure firefighting water supply pipelines (measured at an
elevation equal to ground level) during firefighting shall be at least 10 m of
water column. The minimum free pressure in high-pressure firefighting water
piping networks must ensure that the height of the compact water jet is at
least 10 m of water column at the required maximum firefighting flow rate, when
fire nozzles are located at the highest point of the building. The free
pressure in combined domestic/production water supply piping networks shall be
at least 10 m of water column and no more than 60 m of water column. To conform
with the technical-economic conditions, either a low-pressure or a
high-pressure system may be selected.
H.1.2 Outdoor firefighting
water flow rate
H.1.2.1 The outdoor
firefighting water flow rate (calculated for 1 fire) and the number of
simultaneous fires within a residential area for a closed-loop primary piping
network shall comply with Table H.1.
H.1.2.2 The outdoor
firefighting water flow rate (for 1 fire) for buildings classified as fire
hazard groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 by function, calculated for combined pipelines
and distribution pipelines of the network, as well as the piping network within
a small cluster (1 neighborhood, 1 row of houses, and equivalent) shall comply
with Table H.2.
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NOTE 1: When calculating the
water flow for 2 fires, use the values for the 2 buildings requiring the
highest flow rate.
NOTE 2: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for standalone auxiliary buildings shall comply with Table
H.2, similarly to buildings classified as fire hazard groups F2, F3, and F4 by
function. If they are located within production buildings, the flow rate shall
be calculated based on the total volume of the production building, and in
accordance with Table H.3.
NOTE 3: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for agricultural and rural development buildings with fire
resistance grades I or II and a volume not exceeding 5000 m3, fire
hazard classes D or E, shall be 5 L/s.
NOTE 4: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for radio and television stations shall not depend on the
station’s volume or the number of people living in the area where the stations
are located. It must be no less than 15 L/s, even if Tables H.3 and H.4 specify
a lower flow rate.
NOTE 5: For buildings with fire
resistance grade II made of wood, the water flow rate for outdoor firefighting
shall be higher than 5 L/s compared to Tables H.3 and H.4.
NOTE 6: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for buildings and areas of refrigerated storage units for
food shall follow the flow rate applicable to buildings with a fire hazard
class C.
NOTE 7: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for container storage establishments containing goods
shall depend on the number of containers, as follows:
- 30-50 containers: 15 L/s;
- 51-100 containers: 20 L/s;
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- 301-1000 containers: 40 L/s;
- 1001-1500 containers: 60 L/s;
- 1501-2000 containers: 80 L/s;
- More than 2000 containers:
100 L/s;
NOTE 8: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for fixed storage units for explosives, industrial
explosive precursors, weapons, or combat gear; road traffic tunnels; and
electrical substations shall be at least 10 L/s;
NOTE 9: The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for thermal power plants, oil refineries, petrochemical
factories, gas processing facilities, biofuel production factories, storage
units for petroleum and petroleum products, storage units for liquefied gases,
as well as ports importing/exporting petroleum and petroleum products, shall
follow the applicable standards and regulations.
Table H.1 – Water flow rate
from piping networks for outdoor firefighting in residential areas
Population,
x 1000 people
Number of simultaneous fires
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Buildings of up to 2 storeys, regardless of fire resistance grade
Buildings of up to 3 storeys, regardless of fire resistance grade
< 1
1
5
10
> 1 and ≤ 5
1
10
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> 5 and ≤ 10
1
10
15
> 10 and ≤ 25
2
10
15
> 25 and ≤ 50
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20
25
> 50 and ≤ 100
2
25
35
> 100 and ≤ 200
3
40
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> 200 and ≤ 300
3
55
> 300 and ≤ 400
3
70
> 400 and ≤ 500
3
80
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3
85
> 600 and ≤ 700
3
90
> 700 and ≤ 800
3
95
> 800 and ≤ 1000
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100
> 1 000
5
110
NOTE 1: The water flow rate
for outdoor firefighting in residential areas shall not be less than the
water flow rate required for buildings according to Table H.2.
NOTE 2: When supplying water
by zones, the water flow rate for outdoor firefighting and the number of
simultaneous fires in each zone shall be determined based on the number of
residents in the zone.
NOTE 3: For systems of
grouped piping networks (common networks), the number of simultaneous fires
shall be based on the total population of the connected clusters. The water
flow rate to replenish firefighting water in the grouped piping network shall
be determined by the total water flow for residential areas (corresponding to
the number of simultaneous fires) for firefighting, in compliance with the
regulations under H.1.3.3 and H.1.3.4.
NOTE 4: The calculated number
of simultaneous fires in a residential area shall include fires in production
buildings and storage units within that area. In that case, the calculated
water flow rate also includes the corresponding firefighting water flow rate
for those buildings, but shall not be less than the values specified in Table
H.1.
Table
H.2 – Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings classified as fire
hazard groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 by function
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Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting, regardless of fire
resistance grade, calculated for 1 fire, L/s, by building volume, 1000
m3
≤ 1
> 1 and ≤ 5
> 5 and ≤ 25
> 25 and ≤ 50
> 50
1. Buildings of groups F1.3
and F1.4 with one or more units, with number of storeys:
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≤ 3
10(1)
10(1)
15
15
20
> 3 and ≤ 12
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15
15
20
20
> 12 and ≤ 16
-
20
20
25
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> 16
-
20
25
25
30
2. Buildings of groups F1.1,
F1.2, F2, F3, and F4, with number of storeys:
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≤ 3
10(1)
10(1)
15
20
25
> 3 and ≤ 12
...
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15
20
25
30
> 12 and ≤ 16
-
20
25
30
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> 16
-
25
30
30
35
(1) For
buildings in rural areas, the water flow rate for 1 fire is 5 L/s.
NOTE 1: If the capacity of
the outdoor piping network is insufficient to deliver the calculated
firefighting water flow rate, or when connected to a dead-end piping network,
it is necessary to consider installing tanks or reservoirs with volumes
sufficient to supply water for outdoor firefighting for 3 hours.
NOTE 2: In residential areas
without a firefighting water piping network, tanks or reservoirs must be
provided to ensure firefighting for 3 hours.
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Fire resistance grade of building
Structural fire hazard class of building
Fire and explosion hazard class of building
Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting, calculated for 1 fire, L/s,
by building volume, 1000 m3
<3
> 3 and ≤ 5
> 5 and ≤ 20
> 20 and ≤ 50
> 50 and ≤ 200
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> 400 and ≤ 600
> 600
I and II
S0, S1
D, E
10
10
10
10
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20
25
35
I and II
S0, S1
A, B, C
10
10
15
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30
35
40
50
III
S0, S1
D, E
10
10
...
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25
35
40
45
-
III
S0
A, B, C
10
...
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20
30
45
60
75
-
IV
S0, S1
D, E
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15
20
30
40
50
60
-
IV
S0, S1
...
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15
20
25
40
60
80
100
-
IV
...
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E
10
15
20
30
45
-
-
-
...
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S2, S3
A, B, C
15
20
25
40
65
-
-
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V
-
E
10
15
20
30
55
-
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-
V
-
C
15
20
25
40
70
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-
-
Table
H.4 – Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings of group F5 without
roof openings and a width exceeding 60 m
Fire resistance grade of building
Structural fire hazard class of building
Fire and explosion hazard class of building
Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting, calculated for 1 fire,
L/s, by building volume, 1000 m3
≤ 50
> 50 and ≤ 100
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> 200 and ≤ 300
> 300 and ≤ 400
> 400 and ≤ 500
> 500 and ≤ 600
> 600 and ≤ 700
> 700
I and II
S0, S1
A, B, C
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30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
I and II
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D, E
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
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III
S0, S1
A, B, C
40
50
60
60
70
80
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100
110
III
S0, S1
D, E
20
35
40
40
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45
50
50
60
IV
S0, S1
A, B, C
50
60
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70
80
90
-
-
-
IV
S0, S1
D, E
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45
55
60
65
70
75
80
90
IV
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E
40
50
60
-
-
-
-
-
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NOTE: Roof openings are
openings for ventilation or daylight placed on the roof structure of the
building (ventilators, skylights, regularly open openings, openings in case
of fire, glazed openings, translucent roofing panels, or similar openings)
with an area not less than 2,5% of the building’s floor area.
H.1.2.4 The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for a building separated into compartments by firewalls
shall follow the portion of the building that requires the highest flow rate.
H.1.2.5 The water flow rate for
outdoor firefighting for a building separated by fire partitions shall be
determined based on the total volume of the building and the highest class of
fire and explosion hazard.
H.1.2.6 The firefighting water
flow rate must be ensured even when the flow rate for other demands is at its
maximum, specifically, the following must be taken into account:
- Domestic water use;
- Sole proprietorship
households;
- Industrial and agricultural
production establishments where the required drinking-water quality or economic
considerations do not justify a separate pipeline;
- Water treatment stations,
piping networks, canals, and equivalents;
- Where technological
conditions allow, part of the industrial water may be used for firefighting. In
such cases, hydrants on the industrial water network must be connected to
hydrants on the firefighting water piping network to ensure the required
firefighting water flow rate.
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H.1.3 Calculated number of
simultaneous fires
H.1.3.1 The calculated number
of simultaneous fires for an industrial or agricultural establishment shall be
determined based on the area of that establishment, specifically:
- If the area is up to 150 ha,
the number shall be 1 fire;
- If the area is up to 150 ha,
the number shall be 2 fires;
The calculated number of
simultaneous fires in an open or enclosed storage unit containing wood
materials shall be determined as follows: if the storage unit area is up to 50
ha, the number shall be 1 fire; if the area exceeds 50 ha, the number shall be
2 fires.
NOTE: For the purpose of
calculating the outdoor firefighting water supply system, the area of the
establishment refers to the land area of the establishment (excluding forest
land, park/green space land, agricultural cultivation land, or similar land on
which no constructions are present ).
H.1.3.2 When the firefighting
water pipelines of a residential area and an industrial establishment located
outside the residential area are combined, the calculated number of
simultaneous fires shall be determined as follows:
- When the industrial
establishment has an area of up to 150 ha and the residential area has a
population of up to 10000 people, the number shall be 1 fire (the water flow
rate shall be taken based on whichever side requires more). Similarly, for a
residential population from 10000 to 25000 people, the number shall be 2 fires
(1 fire for the industrial establishment, and 1 fire for the residential area);
- When the industrial
establishment has an area of more than 150 ha and the residential area has a
population of up to 25000 people, the number shall be 2 fires (either 2 fires
calculated for the industrial establishment, or 2 fires calculated for the
residential area, whichever requires the larger water flow rate);
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H.1.3.3 The firefighting
duration shall be taken as 3 hours, except in the following cases:
- For buildings with fire
resistance grades I and II, with structures and thermal insulation made of
non-combustible materials, and with areas classified as fire hazard classes D
and E, the duration shall be 2 hours.
- For nurseries, kindergartens,
preschools, other preschool education establishments as prescribed by education
law, and buildings of fire hazard groups F4.1 and F4.3 by function, located in
rural areas, with fire resistance grades I and II, with structures and thermal
insulation made of non-combustible materials, not exceeding 3 storeys in
height, and with a total floor area of up to 500 m2, the duration
shall be 1 hour;
- For nurseries, kindergartens,
preschools, other preschool education establishments as prescribed by education
law, and buildings of fire hazard groups F4.1 and F4.3 by function, located in
rural areas, with fire resistance grades I and II, with structures and thermal
insulation made of non-combustible materials, not exceeding 3 storeys in
height, and with a total floor area of up to 500 m2, it is permitted
to use indoor fire hydrant outlet systems in place of outdoor firefighting
water supply systems;
- For open-type storage units
containing wood materials, the duration shall not be less than 5 hours;
- For building with the outdoor
firefighting water supply requirements specified in Tables H.2, H.3, and H.4 of
up to 15 L/s (for buildings of groups F1, F2, F3, and F4) and up to 20 L/s (for
buildings of group F5), the duration shall be 1 hour.
H.1.3.4 The maximum time
allowed for replenishing the firefighting water reserve shall not exceed:
24 hours – for residential
areas with more than 5000 people or industrial establishments with buildings
classified as fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, and C.
36 hours – for industrial
establishments with buildings classified as fire hazard classes D and E.
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NOTE 1: For agricultural
establishments with outdoor firefighting water supply requirements of up to 20
L/s, the replenishment time may be increased to:
48 hours – for buildings
classified as fire hazard classes D and E.
36 hours – for buildings
classified as fire hazard class C.
NOTE 2: If it is not possible
to replenish the firefighting water reserve within the prescribed time, an
additional reserve volume W must be provided, calculated according to the
formula:
Where:
∆W is the additional
reserve water volume, in cubic meters (m3);
W is the required
firefighting reserve water volume, in cubic meters (m3);
K is the ratio between
the actual replenishment time and the required replenishment time specified in
H.1.3.4.
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H.1.4.1 When 2 or more supply
pipelines are installed, diverter valves shall be provided between them so
that, if 1 supply line or part of it is shut off, firefighting capacity remains
at 100%.
H.1.4.2 The outdoor
firefighting water piping network must be a looped network. Dead-end pipelines
are permitted when supplying firefighting water or combined
domestic/firefighting water, provided that the pipeline length does not exceed
200 m, regardless of the required firefighting water flow rate.
It is not permitted to loop the
outdoor piping network through the indoor piping network of buildings or and
constructions.
In residential areas of up to
5000 people, and with outdoor firefighting water supply requirements up to 10
L/s, or where the number of indoor fire hydrant outlets per building is up to
12 outlets, dead-end pipelines longer than 200 m are permitted if a storage
tank, pressurized water tower, or regulating reservoir is constructed for the
dead-end network, containing the entire required firefighting water volume.
H.1.4.3 Pipelines must be
divided into sections by shut-off valves so that, during repairs, no more than
5 fire hydrants are taken out of service.
H.1.4.4 Valves on pipelines of
all diameters, when remotely operated or automatically operated, must be
electrically actuated valves.
The use of pneumatic,
hydraulic, or solenoid valves is permitted.
When not remotely or
automatically operated, shut-off valves with a diameter of up to 400 mm may be
manually operated; valves with a diameter of more than 400 mm must be electric
or hydraulic; in justified cases, manual valves with a diameter of more than
400 mm are permitted.
In all cases, valves must be
capable of manual opening and closing.
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- Technical and economic
factors;
- Operating conditions when
individual sections are isolated during an emergency.
The diameter of outdoor
firefighting water supply pipes for residential areas and industrial
establishments must not be less than 100 mm; for rural areas - not less than 75
mm.
H.1.4.6 Fire hydrants must be
arranged at a distance not greater than 2,5 m from the edge of the road, and
not closer than 1 m from building walls. Hydrants (including underground
hydrants) may be arranged within the traffic roads.
H.1.4.7 Buildings and
constructions specified in Items 1 to 9 of Appendix C must have fire hydrants
arranged, ensuring a horizontal service radius not exceeding 400 m to any point
of the building. For buildings and constructions requiring a flow rate of
25 L/s or more, there must be at least 2 hydrants, each providing a service
radius of no more than 400 m to any point of the building.
Constructions specified in Item
10 of Appendix C must have outdoor fire hydrants arranged along the traffic
road to ensure a maximum spacing between hydrants of 150 m.
NOTE: In water supply networks
serving residential points of up to 500 people, 3-way hydrants may be replaced
with a vertical DN 80 mm pipe section equipped with a fire hydrant outlet.
For constructions designed with
a high-pressure outdoor firefighting water supply system, hydrants may be
replaced with 2-way DN65 fire hydrant outlets.
H.1.5 Requirements for outdoor firefighting
water storage tanks and reservoirs.
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H.1.5.2 If drawing firefighting
water directly from water supply sources is not suitable under economic or
technical conditions, then in all cases, the storage tanks and reservoirs must
ensure the full calculated firefighting water volume.
H.1.5.3 The firefighting water
volume in the tanks and reservoirs must be calculated to ensure the following:
- The supply of water for
outdoor fire hydrants and other firefighting systems;
- The supply for dedicated fire
extinguishing devices (sprinklers, drenchers, and equivalents) that do not have
their own separate tank;
- The maximum water demand for
domestic use and production throughout the firefighting process.
H.1.5.4 Ponds, lakes, rivers,
reservoirs, etc., intended for fire trucks to draw water from must have an
access route and a water-drafting dock with a surface capable of bearing the
load of a fire truck.
When determining the firefighting
water volume in tanks and reservoirs, it is permitted to account for water
replenishment during the firefighting period, provided that the water supply
system meets the requirements specified in H.1.2.7.
Figure
H.1. Specifications for a water-drafting dock for fire trucks.
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(1) Anti-drift posts with
height h ≥ 0,25 m. The posts must be at least 1,5 m from the outer edge of the
dock.
(2) Dock surface capable of
bearing the load of a fire truck, with a level surface. If the surface is
inclined, the slope must not exceed 1:15.
(3) Guardrail with a height of
0,8 m.
CSHN: Maximum suction depth for
the fire truck at the dock ≤ 7 m.
MNCN: Highest water level.
MNTN: Lowest water level ≤ 5 m
below the dock surface.
H: Minimum difference between
MNCN and MNTN is 0,7 m.
H.1.5.5 When water supply is
provided through 1 supply pipeline, an additional volume of water for
firefighting, as specified in H.1.5.3, must be reserved.
It is permitted not to account
for the additional firefighting water volume when the length of the single
supply pipeline does not exceed 500 m for residential areas with a population
of up to 5000 people, as well as for entities whose required outdoor
firefighting water flow rate does not exceed 40 L/s.
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When one tank/reservoir is
taken out of service, the remaining volume of firefighting water stored in the
other tank/reservoir must be not less than 50% of the required firefighting
water volume.
H.1.5.7 The firefighting water
volume of tanks, reservoirs, and artificial ponds is determined based on the
calculation of water consumption and firefighting duration as specified in
H.1.2.2, H.1.2.3, H.1.2.4, H1.2.5, H.1.2.6, and H.1.3.3.
NOTE: When calculating the
firefighting water volume of any open artificial ponds, water evaporation and
freezing must be taken into account.
H.1.5.8 To increase the service
scope, it is permitted to install dead-end pipelines with a length of no more
than 200 m from tanks, reservoirs, and artificial ponds to intermediate tanks
(water collection pits), ensuring conformity with H.1.5.7.
H.1.5.9 When it is not possible
to pump firefighting water directly from tanks, reservoirs, ponds, lakes, etc.,
using a mobile pump vehicle or a portable pump, collection pits with a volume
of 3 m3 or more must be provided. The diameter of the pipe
connecting tanks, reservoirs, or ponds to the collection pits must comply with
the calculated water flow conditions for outdoor firefighting and be no less
than 200 mm. A valve box must be installed on the connecting pipe to control
water flow, and the valve must be operable from outside the box. The end of the
connecting pipe on the water source side must be fitted with a strainer.
Figure
H.2. Specifications for water supply pipes and collection pits for fire trucks
to draw water.
LEGEND
(1) Cover of the collection
pit.
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(3) Water-drafting dock capable
of bearing the weight of a fire truck.
(4) Water supply pipe with a
diameter of 200 mm or more per pump vehicle and a length of up to 200 m.
(5) Trash strainer.
H.1.5.10 Pressurized
tanks/reservoirs for firefighting must be provided with a water level gauge and
a water level signal device to alert the pump station or water distribution
station.
Pressurized tanks/reservoirs in
high-pressure firefighting water systems must be provided with a device to
automatically stop water supply to the tanks or towers when the fire pump is
operating.
Pressurized tanks/reservoirs
that use compressed air must have a backup compressor in addition to the
operating compressor.
H.2 Requirements for the
design and installation of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
H.2.1 Residential buildings,
public buildings, and administrative-auxiliary buildings of industrial
constructions must be equipped with an indoor fire hydrant outlet system, with
the minimum firefighting water flow rate determined according to Table H.5; for
production buildings and storage units, the required flow rate is determined
according to Table H.6. When determining the necessary firefighting water flow
rate, the calculation must be based on the height of the solid water jet and
the nozzle diameter, as specified in Table H.7. In this case, the simultaneous
operation of fire hydrant outlets and other firefighting systems must be taken
into account.
Based on the water supply flow
rate, fire hydrant outlets are classified as follows:
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- Medium flow rate (greater
than 1,5 L/s).
Based on the protected entity's
function, the plans for the provision of fire hydrant outlet systems specified
in H.2.18 may be selected. Where low-flow fire hydrant outlets are used, the
total water supply flow rate and the height of the solid water jet must meet
the requirements specified in Tables H.6, H.6, and H.7.
Table
H.5 – Number of firefighting water jets and minimum water flow rate for indoor
fire hydrant outlet systems
Residential buildings and public constructions
Number of firefighting jets per storey
Minimum indoor firefighting water flow rate per jet, L/s
1. Apartment buildings,
collective housing
≤ 16 storeys, with common
corridor length ≤ 10 m
1
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≤ 16 storeys, with common
corridor length > 10 m
2
2,5
> 16 and ≤ 25 , with
common corridor length ≤ 10 m
2
2,5
> 16 and ≤ 25 , with
common corridor length > 10 m
3
2,5
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≤ 10 storeys and volume ≤
25000 m3
1
2,5
≤ 10 storeys and volume >
25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and volume ≤
25000 m3
2
2,5
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3
2,5
3. Club rooms with a
stage, theaters, cinemas, and rooms provided with audio-visual systems (for
community activities, conferences, and similar purposes)
≤ 300 seats
2
2,5
> 300 seats
2
5,0
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≤ 10 storeys and volume ≤
25000 m3
1
2,5
≤ 10 storeys and volume >
25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and volume ≤
25000 m3
2
2,5
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3
2,5
5.
Administrative-auxiliary buildings of industrial constructions with a volume
as follows:
≤ 25000 m3
1
2,5
> 25000 m3
2
2,5
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2) Public buildings and
constructions with similar functions, such as:
- Individual houses combined
with production or business activities.
- Apartment buildings
constructed with mixed-use purposes; dormitories; hotels, guesthouses, and
motels; buildings within resorts or other accommodation service
establishments; mixed-use buildings.
- Nurseries, kindergartens,
preschools, and other preschool education establishments in accordance with
the law on education.
- Primary schools; lower
secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with multiple
levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools; vocational
schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law; medical examination and
treatment buildings, patient accommodation of hospitals, maternity homes,
health stations, general and specialized clinics, emergency centers,
buildings for convalescence, rehabilitation, and orthopaedics, nursing homes,
buildings of epidemic prevention and control establishments, and buildings of
other health establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical Examination
and Treatment.
- Buildings of entertainment
constructions, aquariums, and buildings of art performance or other cultural
activity establishments; museums, exhibition buildings, and display
buildings; buildings used for religious or belief purposes (excluding family
ancestral worship houses), and historical-cultural monuments at the
provincial level or higher; stadiums, sports arena, sports training building,
and buildings of other sports establishment established under the Law on
Physical Training and Sports; vehicle inspection workshops within motor
vehicle inspection centers.
- Theaters, cinemas, and
circuses.
- Libraries; cultural houses,
convention centers, multi-purpose buildings; buildings of other
service-business establishments; electronic stores, department stores,
convenience stores, furniture stores, clothing stores, bedding stores,
bookstores, joss-paper stores, and other stores selling flammable goods.
- Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; post offices, postal stations, and buildings within other
postal and telecommunications service establishments.
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- Markets, shopping centers,
supermarkets; restaurants, dining establishments, and canteens.
- Air traffic control tower;
passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots;
cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots; service
buildings within seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, and
rest stops.
NOTE 1: The number of
firefighting water jets and water flow rate for firefighting in road tunnels
must be at least 1 firefighting jet per fire point, each with a flow rate of
5 L/s.
NOTE 2: The number of fire
nozzles and minimum water flow rate for each indoor firefighting jet inside
enclosed automobile-parking buildings must meet the following:
- When the fire compartment
volume is from 500 to 5000 m3: 2 nozzles and 2,5 L/s per jet;
- When the fire compartment
volume is greater than 5000 m3: 2 nozzles and 5 L/s per jet.
It is permitted not to
install indoor firefighting water supply pipelines for one and two-storey
car-parking buildings (compartment-type) that have a direct exit to the
outdoors from each compartment.
Table
H.6 – Number of firefighting water jets and minimum water flow rate for indoor
firefighting for production buildings and storage units
Fire resistance grade of building
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Fire hazard class of structural elements
Number of firefighting jets and minimum water flow rate, L/s,
per jet, for indoor firefighting for production buildings and storage units
with fire protection and firefighting height of up to 50 m, and based on
volume, 1000 m3
≤ 150
> 150
I, II
A, B, C
S0, S1
2 x 2,5
3 x 2,5
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Not specified
1 x 2,5
1 x 2,5
III
A, B, C
S0
2 x 2,5
3 x 2,5
D, E
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1 x 2,5
2 x 2,5
IV
A, B
S0
2 x 2,5
3 x 2,5
C
S0, S1
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2 x 5
C
S2, S3
3 x 2,5
4 x 2,5
D, E
S0, S1, S2, S3
1 x 2,5
2 x 2,5
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C
Not specified
2 x 2,5
2 x 5
D, E
Not specified
1 x 2,5
2 x 2,5
Table
H.7 – Firefighting water flow rate depending on solid water jet height and
nozzle diameter
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Flow rate of nozzle, L/s
Pressure, MPa, of fire hydrant with hose length, m
Flow rate of nozzle, L/s
Pressure, MPa, of fire hydrant with hose length, m
Flow rate of nozzle, L/s
Pressure, MPa, of fire hydrant with hose length, m
10
15
20
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15
20
10
15
20
Nozzle diameter, mm
13
16
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Fire hydrant DN 50(1)
6
-
-
-
-
2,6
0,092
0,096
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3,4
0,088
0,096
0,104
8
-
-
-
-
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0,120
0,125
0,130
4,1
0,129
0,138
0,148
10
-
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-
-
3,3
0,151
0,157
0,164
4,6
0,160
0,173
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12
2,6
0,202
0,206
0,210
3,7
0,192
0,196
0,210
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0,206
0,223
0,240
14
2,8
0,236
0,241
0,245
4,2
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0,255
0,263
-
-
-
-
16
3,2
0,316
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0,328
4,6
0,293
0,300
0,318
-
-
-
-
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3,6
0,390
0,398
0,406
5,1
0,360
0,380
0,400
-
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-
-
Fire hydrant DN 65 (1)
6
-
-
-
-
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0,088
0,089
0,090
3,4
0,078
0,080
0,083
8
-
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-
-
2,9
0,110
0,112
0,114
4,1
0,114
0,117
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10
-
-
-
-
3,3
0,140
0,143
0,146
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0,143
0,147
0,151
12
2,6
0,198
0,199
0,201
3,7
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0,183
0,186
5,2
0,182
0,190
0,199
14
2,8
0,23
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0,233
4,2
0,230
0,233
0,235
5.7
0,218
0,224
0,230
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3,2
0,31
0,313
0,315
4,6
0,276
0,280
0,284
6,3
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0,273
0,280
18
3,6
0,38
0,383
0,385
5,1
0,338
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0,346
7,0
0,329
0,338
0,348
20
4,0
0,464
0,467
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5,6
0,412
0,424
0,418
7,5
0,372
0,385
0,397
(1) DN –
Abbreviation of Diameter Nominal – nominal internal diameter, measured in
millimetres (mm).
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H.2.3 For production buildings
and storage units that use structural types susceptible to damage when exposed
to fire, the minimum water flow rate used to calculate pump capacity and
reserve firefighting water – determined according to Table H.6 – must be
increased in each case as follows:
- When unprotected steel
structures are used in buildings of fire resistance grades III and IV (groups
S2 and S3), as well as natural wood or engineered wood structures (in this
case, wood treated with fire-retardant protection), an additional 5 L/s must be
added;
- Where combustible materials
encase the structure of a building of fire resistance grade IV (groups S2 and
S3), an additional 5 L/s must be added for buildings with a volume of up to
10000 m3. For buildings with a volume greater than 10000 m3,
an additional 5 L/s must be added for each additional 100000 m3, or
for any fractional part of an additional 100000 m3.
H.2.4 The number of
firefighting jets per fire point shall be 2 jets for constructions that require
2 or more jets.
H.2.5 For building sections
with different functional areas, the firefighting water flow rate must be
calculated separately for each section in accordance with the regulations under
H.2.1 and H.2.2. The total indoor firefighting water flow rate shall then be
determined according to the following regulations:
- For buildings not separated
by firewalls, the calculation must be based on the overall building
volume;
- For buildings separated by
type 1 or type 2 firewalls, the calculation must be based on the volume of the
building section requiring the higher water flow rate.
When buildings of fire
resistance grades I and II are connected by passageways made of non-combustible
materials and fitted with fire doors, the volume used to determine the
firefighting water flow rate is the individual volume of each building. If no
fire doors are provided, the calculation must use the combined volume, based on
the higher fire and explosion hazard classification.
H.2.6 The static pressure in
the domestic water firefighting system, measured at sanitary-technical devices
installed at the lowest water level, shall not exceed 0,45 MPa.
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The static pressure of a
separate firefighting system, measured at the fire hydrant outlet located at
the lowest water level, shall not exceed 0,6 MPa.
When the pressure between the
valve and the coupling of the fire hydrant outlet exceeds 0,45 MPa, a
pressure-reducing solution must be provided.
H.2.7 The free pressure of the fire
hydrant outlet must ensure the required height of the solid water jet for
firefighting at all times of the day, for the highest and farthest zones.
The minimum height and operating radius of the solid water jet must be
equal to the height of the zone, measured from the floor to the highest point
of the beam (ceiling), but not less than the following values:
- For residential buildings,
public buildings, production buildings, and auxiliary buildings of industrial
constructions with a fire prevention and firefighting height of up to 50 m: not
less than 6 m;
- For residential buildings
with a fire prevention and firefighting height of more than 50 m: not less than
8 m;
- For public buildings,
production buildings, and auxiliary buildings of industrial constructions with
a fire prevention and firefighting height of more than 50 m: not less than 16
m;
- For road tunnels: not less
than 6 m.
NOTE 1: The pressure of the
fire hydrant outlet must be calculated considering the pressure loss of a 10 m,
15 m, and 20 m fire hose.
NOTE 2: A DN 50 fire hydrant
must be used to obtain a solid water jet with a flow rate of up to 4 L/s; for
higher flow rates, a DN 65 hydrant must be used. When justified by
technical-economic analysis, a DN 50 fire hydrant may be used for flow rates
above 4 L/s.
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When the indoor fire hydrant
outlet system is equipped with automatic control, the pressure tank is not
required.
H.2.9 For buildings and
constructions provided only with an indoor fire hydrant outlet system, the
operating time of the fire hydrant outlet shall be 1 hour.
For indoor fire hydrant outlet
systems in buildings and constructions provided with automatic water-based fire
extinguishing systems, the operating time of the fire hydrant outlet system
shall be equal to the operating time of the automatic fire extinguishing
system.
H.2.10 For buildings from 6
storeys and above, when connecting the domestic water system and the
firefighting water system, the risers must be looped at the top. In that case,
to ensure water circulation within the building, the risers must be looped with
one or several cross risers equipped with shut-off valves.
In dry-pipe firefighting
systems installed in areas with temperatures below 0 °C, the shut-off valves
must be installed in areas where freezing cannot occur.
H.2.11 The determination of the
location and number of risers and fire hydrant outlets must ensure the
following requirements:
- It is permitted to install
double hydrant outlets on risers in production buildings and public buildings
when the number of calculated water jets is not less than 3, and in residential
buildings, not less than 2;
- In residential buildings with
a corridor length of up to 10 m, when the number of water jets is 2 per fire
point, it is permitted to discharge 2 jets from one riser;
- In residential buildings with
a corridor length of more than 10 m, as well as in production buildings and
public buildings with 2 or more calculated water jets per fire point, 2 jets
must be supplied from 2 different fire cabinets (2 different risers).
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NOTE 2: The number of water
jets from each fire cabinet must not exceed 2.
NOTE 3: It is permitted to
increase the service radius of medium-flow and low-flow fire hydrant outlets by
connecting fire hoses to a total length of up to 40 m. In this case, hoses must
be hung folded on a rack and pre-connected to the hydrant and nozzle, or hung
in coil form with a structure that allows water to pass even when the hose is
still coiled.
H.2.12 Fire hydrant outlets
shall be installed so that the outlet is at a height of 1,20 m ± 0,15 m above
the floor and placed inside sealed fire cabinets. For double fire hydrant
outlets, it is permitted to install one outlet above and one below; in this
case, the lower outlet must be installed at a height not less than 1,0 m above
the floor.
H.2.13 Indoor fire hydrant
outlet systems in buildings and constructions must have a fire department
connection installed outside the building, equipped with a coupling of
appropriate size (minimum diameter DN65) for connection to mobile firefighting
facilities. For buildings with 17 storeys or more, the water supply inlets for
the indoor fire hydrant outlet system must be divided into zones according to
height, with each zone not exceeding 50. These inlets must be equipped with
check valves and have visible open/closed status indicators.
H.2.14 Indoor fire hydrant
outlets must be installed at the interior entrances of corridors (in places not
subject to freezing) of stairwells (except smokeproof stairwells), in lobbies,
corridors, passageways, and other easily accessible locations. Their placement
must not obstruct evacuation activities.
H.2.15 In areas protected by an
automatic fire extinguishing system, it is permitted to install indoor fire
hydrant outlets on DN65 or larger pipelines, downstream of the sprinkler system
control valve assembly.
H.2.16 In enclosed areas where
freezing may occur, the pipelines of the fire hydrant outlet system downstream
of the pump station may be dry pipe.
H.2.17 The valves used to
isolate water from dead-end branch pipelines must be arranged so that each
isolated section contains no more than 5 fire hydrant outlets on the same
storey.
H.2.18 Depending on the
function of the protected entity, the following plans for providing fire
hydrant outlet systems may be selected:
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- Plan 2: Use low-flow fire
hydrant outlets combined with dry pipelines. This plan is allowed for
residential buildings and public constructions;
- Plan 3: Use low-flow fire
hydrant outlets. This plan is allowed for constructions equipped with an
automatic fire extinguishing system throughout the construction;
- Plan 4: Use a combination of
low-flow and medium-flow fire hydrant outlets. This plan is allowed for
residential buildings and public constructions.
NOTE: It is permitted to
combine multiple plans for the provision of fire hydrant outlets for a single
construction.
H.2.19 Constructions required
to be provided with both an indoor fire hydrant outlet system and an automatic
sprinkler system must have a water supply pipe from the fire pump station to at
least 1 two-way DN65 fire department connection outlet placed on the exterior
wall of the building on the side facing the roadway.
H.3 Fire pump stations
H.3.1 Fire pumps supplying
firefighting water, whether designed separately or combined with domestic or
industrial water systems, must be provided with backup pumps whose flow rate
and water supply pressure are not less than those of the main pump. The
required number of backup pumps is specified as follows:
- When calculations require one
to three main fire pumps, at least one backup pump is required;
- When calculations require
four or more main fire pumps, at least two backup pumps are required;
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H.3.2 Fire pumps driven by
electric motors must be connected to two independent power sources, either from
the utility grid or from a backup generator. Use of a single power source is
permitted when the backup pump is driven by an internal combustion engine.
It is permitted not to install
a backup pump when supplying water to production buildings or storage units of
fire resistance grade I or II, with fire hazard class D or E, and where the
required firefighting water flow rate is less than 20 L/s.
H.3.3 When the required
firefighting water flow is 25 L/s or more, the fire pumps must be equipped with
automatic control or remote control (from a monitoring room or from a fire
hydrant). Additionally, manual control must still be provided at the pump room.
The system must also ensure that the pump is activated and operating within 3
minutes after receiving a fire alarm signal.
H.4 Public address and
evacuation guidance system
- The public address and
evacuation guidance system must ensure that everyone in the building or
construction can clearly hear announcements and guidance during an incident.
- The sound signals from the
public address and evacuation guidance system must ensure an overall sound
level (the combined level of ambient noise and the sound from the warning
signals) of not less than 75 dBA at a distance of 3 m from the warning signal,
but not exceeding 120 dBA at any location.
- The sound signals from the
public address and evacuation guidance system must produce a sound level at
least 15 dBA louder than the ambient noise level in the room. Sound level
measurements shall be taken at a height of 1,5 m above the floor.
- In bedrooms, the sound
signals of the public address and evacuation guidance system must be at least
15 dBA louder than the ambient noise level in the room, and the overall sound
level must be between 70 dBA and 120 dBA. Sound level measurements shall be
taken at a height of 1,5 m above the floor.
- Wall-mounted fire alarm and
evacuation control devices must be arranged so that their top is at least 2,3 m
above the floor and at least 0,15 m below the ceiling.
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- Voice alarm and evacuation
guidance devices must produce sound frequencies in the range of 200 Hz to 5000
Hz.
- The number of voice alarm and
evacuation guidance devices, as well as their arrangement and capacity, must
ensure the required sound level in all occupied areas in accordance with this
Regulation.
REFERENCE
DOCUMENTS
[1] SP 486.1311500.2020 - List
of buildings, structures, premises, and equipment protected by automatic fire
alarm and fire extinguishing systems;
[2] SP 484.1311500.2020 – Fire
alarm and automation of the fire prevention and fighting system;
[3] TCVN 3890:2023 - Fire
protection - Fire protection equipments for building and construction -
Equipment, installation
[4] GB 55037-2022 – National
Standard of China for fire protection design of buildings;
[5] GB 50229-2019 – National
Standard of China for fire protection design of thermal power plants and
electrical substations;
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[7] JTS 165-2013 – Industry Standard
of China for overall seaport design;
[8] JTJ 165-5-2021 – Industry
Standard of China for LNG (liquefied natural gas) terminal design;
[9] Singapore Fire Code 2018 –
Fire safety code for buildings and construction;
[10] NPPC 606 – National Fire
Protection Standard of South Korea for fire and explosion safety in
construction sites.