QCVN
10:2025/BCA
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON PROVIDING AND
ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS
AND CONSTRUCTIONS
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Foreword
1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1 Scope
1.2. Regulated entities
1.3 Reference documents
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1.5 General
requirements
2 REGULATIONS ON
PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE FACILITIES
FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
2.1 Provision and
arrangement of automatic fire alarm systems and devices
2.2 Provision and
arrangement of emergency lighting, exit signs, public address, and evacuation
guidance systems
2.3. Provision and
arrangement of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
2.4. Provision and
arrangement of indoor firefighting water supply systems
2.5 Provision and
arrangement of automatic suppression systems and devices
2.6 Provision and
arrangement of fire extinguishers
2.7 Provision and
arrangement of basic demolition tools; gas masks and self-contained breathing
apparatus
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3 REGULATIONS ON
MANAGEMENT
4 IMPLEMENTATION
APPENDIX A –
Regulations on provision of automatic fire alarm systems, standalone fire alarm
devices, and automatic fire extinguishing systems and automatically activated
fire extinguishing devices
APPENDIX B –
Regulations on provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
APPENDIX C –
Regulations on provision of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
APPENDIX D –
Regulations on provision of mobile firefighting facilities
APPENDIX E –
Regulations on provision of basic demolition tools
APPENDIX F –
Regulations on provision of gas masks and self-contained breathing apparatus
APPENDIX G –
Regulations on provision of public address and evacuation guidance systems
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REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Foreword
QCVN 10:2025/BCA is
compiled by the Fire and Rescue Police Department, appraised by the Ministry of
Science and Technology of Vietnam, and promulgated by the Ministry of Public
Security of Vietnam together with Circular No. 103/2025/TT-BCA dated November
4, 2025.
NATIONAL
TECHNICAL REGULATION ON PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING,
AND RESCUE FACILITIES FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1
Scope
1.1.1 This Regulation
provides for the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities for buildings, constructions, and fire safety
infrastructure in urban areas, residential areas, industrial parks, industrial
clusters, tourism areas, research and training zones, and sports and fitness
areas (hereinafter referred to as “buildings and constructions”) when newly
constructed or renovated/changed in the following cases:
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- Renovation that
increases the scale of an urban area, residential area, industrial park,
industrial cluster, tourism area, research and training zone, or sports and
fitness area.
1.1.2 Regarding buildings and
constructions serving purposes of national defense, military, security, and
order under the management of the Ministry of National Defense of Vietnam or
the Ministry of Public Security of Vietnam, this Regulation may be applied.
1.1.3 In cases where a
national technical regulation provides regulations on the provision and
arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for a
particular type of construction, such regulations shall apply.
1.1.4 The provision and
arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities shall
comply with the standards referenced in this Regulation. Where this Regulation
does not specify particular regulations, the application of national,
international, regional, or foreign standards to the provision and arrangement
of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for buildings and
constructions shall be carried out in accordance with the law on technical
standards and regulations.
1.1.5 For the provision and
arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for
specific types of constructions (such as power plants; nuclear establishments;
establishments for production or preservation of industrial explosives and
explosive precursors; industrial explosive and explosive precursor storage
units; establishments for the utilization, processing, production,
transportation, trading, and preservation of petroleum, petroleum products, and
gas on land; petroleum and petroleum product storage units; gas storage units;
ports for the export and import of petroleum, petroleum products, and gas; and
parking lots), in addition to complying with this Regulation, appropriate
national, international, regional, or foreign standards shall be selected for
application.
1.1.6 In certain specific
cases, it is permissible to consider replacing some requirements of this
Regulation for particular constructions, provided that a technical
justification is prepared, specifying the supplementary or alternative
solutions to ensure fire safety for the constructions. This justification must
be approved by the fire and rescue management authority, specifically: for
construction specified in Clause 1 Article 9 of Circular No. 36/2025/TT-BCA dated
May 15, 2025 of the Minister of Public Security of Vietnam, approval shall be
granted by the Fire and Rescue Police Department; for constructions specified
in Clause 2 Article 9 of Circular No. 36/2025/TT-BCA and constructions not
subject to fire prevention and firefighting design appraisal, but are required
to be equipped with fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities,
approval shall be granted by the Fire Prevention, Firefighting, and Rescue
Police Divisions under provincial police authorities.
1.2.
Regulated entities
This Regulation applies
to organizations and individuals involved in the provision and arrangement of
fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities for buildings and
constructions within Vietnam’s territory.
1.3
Reference documents
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Decree No.
105/2025/ND-CP dated May 15, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam.
Circular No.
36/2025/TT-BCA dated May 15, 2025 of the Minister of Public Security of Vietnam
and Decree No. 105/2025/ND-CP dated May 15, 2025 of the Government of Vietnam.
QCVN 06:/BXD - National
Technical Regulation on Fire Safety of Buildings and Constructions.
TCVN 6100 – Fire
protection – Fire extinguishing media – Carbon dioxide.
TCVN 6101 - Fire
protection equipment – Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises
– Design and installation.
TCVN 6379 - Fire
protection equipment – Fire hydrant.
TCVN 7026 – Fire
fighting – Portable fire extinguishers – Performance and construction.
TCVN 7027 – Fire
fighting – Wheeled fire extinguishers – Performance and construction.
TCVN 7161 (all parts) –
Gaseous fire – extinguishing systems – Physical properties and system design.
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TCVN 7435-1 – Fire
protection – portable and wheeled fire extinguishers – Part 1: Selection and
installation.
TCVN 7568-14 – Fire
detection and alarm systems – Part 14: Design and installation of fire alarm
systems for houses and constructions.
TCVN 7568-25 – Fire
alarm systems – Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths.
TCVN 9255 – Performance
standards in building – Definition and calculation of area and space
indicators.
TCVN 12110 – Fire
protection – Portable centrifugal pump with internal combustion engine –
Technical requirements and test methods.
TCVN 12314 (all parts)
– Fire fighting—Automatic activated fire extinguisher.
TCVN 13316 (all parts)
– Fire protection – fire fighting vehicle.
TCVN 13332 -
Respiratory protective devices - Full face masks - Technical requirements and
test methods.
TCVN 13333 - Aerosol
Fire-Extinguishing Systems - Specifications for design, installation,
inspection and maintenance.
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TCVN 13657-1 - Fire
protection - High pressure mist fire extinguishing system - Part 1: Design and
installation requirements.
TCVN 13877-2 - Fire
protection - Powder firefighting system - Part 2: Design requirements.
TCVN 13926 - Fire
protection - Packaged type fire extinguishing systems.
TCVN 14496 - Fire
protection – Automatic water fire–extinguishing systems for storage units with
goods stacked on supporting racks over 5,5 m and up to 25 m – Designing
requirements.
TCVN 13967 - Single
dwelling - General design requirements.
NFPA 15 Standard for
Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection.
1.4
Interpretation of terms
For the purpose of this
Regulation, the following terms shall be construed as follows:
1.4.1
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Refer to the
determination of the quantity and types of individual (independent) fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities or those forming part of a
system (such as fire alarm systems, fire extinguishing systems, or public
address and evacuation guidance systems) for the purpose of designing,
arranging, and installing them in buildings and constructions.
1.4.2
Fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities
Refer to mobile
firefighting and rescue facilities, general-purpose facilities, devices,
machinery, tools, and various types of extinguishing agents used for fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue operations.
1.4.3
Fire extinguishing
system
Refers to a combination
of specialized technical devices and extinguishing agents used to suppress
fires.
1.4.4
Automatic fire
extinguishing system
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1.4.5
Automatically activated
firefighting device
Refers to an
automatically activated firefighting device that includes containers of
extinguishing agents (such as gas, powder, or aerosol) and other relevant
components that automatically discharge extinguishing agents when the
temperature reaches the activation threshold of its heat-sensing component.
1.4.6
Indoor fire hydrant
(hose, nozzle, coupling, valve)
Refers to a set of
specialized devices, installed and equipped in advance for deploying water to
extinguish fires.
1.4.7
Outdoor firefighting
water supply system
Refers to a system of
specialized devices installed outside buildings to supply water for
firefighting operations.
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Automatic fire alarm
system
Refers to a system that
automatically detects and signals the location of a fire. The automatic fire
alarm system consists of basic components, such as a fire alarm control panel,
fire detectors, manual call points, fire alarm bells and lights,
interconnection components, and a power supply. Depending on requirements, the
system may also include modules, signal transmission and supervision devices,
and relevant constituent components. Automatic fire alarm systems include
conventional and addressable fire alarm systems.
1.4.9
Conventional fire alarm
system
When a fire alarm is
activated, it will indicate the area where the fire has occurred. That area may
contain one or more fire detectors.
1.4.10
Addressable fire alarm
system
When a fire alarm is
activated, it will indicate the specific addressable device in the system (an
addressable fire detector, module, addressable manual call point, etc.).
1.4.11
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Refers to a device that
automatically detects and warns of fire through audio.
NOTE: When standalone
fire alarm devices are installed within the same building or construction, they
must be interconnected to ensure that all devices emit fire alarm signals when
any single device is activated.
1.4.12
Gas mask
Refers to a type of
personal protective equipment designed to protect the wearer’s respiratory
organs for a certain period and within a specific oxygen concentration limit in
the air.
1.4.13
Self-contained
breathing apparatus
Refers to a type of
personal protective equipment designed to protect the wearer's respiratory
organs from exposure to external air. This equipment includes a full-face mask
and an air supply cylinder.
1.4.14
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Basic demolition tools
include axes, crowbars, hammers, and pliers.
1.4.15
Construction
Refers to a product
created by human labor using construction materials and devices installed in
the construction, which is fixedly connected to the land. It may include
underground, above-ground, underwater, and above-water parts, and is built
according to a specific design.
1.4.16
Fire prevention and
firefighting infrastructure
Includes water supply systems,
traffic systems, communication systems, and mobile firefighting facilities
serving fire prevention and firefighting operations in buildings and
constructions.
1.4.17
Buildings
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1.4.18
Mixed-use buildings
Refer to civil
buildings with multiple functional uses (e.g., a building designed for office,
commercial service, or public activities), excluding individual houses combined
with production or business activities.
1.4.19
Apartment buildings
Refer to apartment
buildings as prescribed in Clause 3 Article 2 of the Law on Housing.
1.4.20
Production buildings
within production establishments (production buildings)
Refer to buildings
where production activities are carried out and necessary conditions are
ensured for people to work and operate technological devices.
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Refrigerated storage
units
Refer to one or more
thermally insulated and refrigerated rooms with temperatures ranging from - 30
°C to + 5 °C, used to preserve food or goods at prescribed temperatures. If the
floor area of the refrigerated storage unit does not exceed 10 m2
and its design does not allow human entry, it shall not be classified as a
refrigerated storage unit.
1.4.22
Rooms
Refer to the interior
space within a building or construction that serves a specific function and is
bounded by construction structures.
1.4.23
Fire prevention and
firefighting height
The fire prevention and
firefighting height of a building is determined in accordance with QCVN
06:/BXD.
1.4.24
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The number of storeys
of a building in this Regulation includes all above-ground storeys (including
technical floors and rooftop floor) and basements/semi-basements, but not
attics.
NOTE:
The rooftop floor is
not included in the total number of storeys of the building when its only
function is to cover stairwells or elevator shafts and to shield the building’s
technical devices (if any), provided that the roof area does not exceed 30% of
the roof floor area.
For individual houses
combined with production or business activities, the mezzanine floor is not
counted as a storey of the building when its floor area does not exceed 65% of
the floor area of the storey directly below.
For individual houses
combined with production or business activities with staggered floors, the
number of storeys shall be determined in accordance with TCVN 13967.
For individual houses
combined with production or business activities under the scope of TCVN 13967,
the regulations under 9.1.2 of TCVN 13967 may be applied to determine the
number of storeys (fire prevention and firefighting height) of the building.
For storage units and
production buildings, rack floors and mezzanine floors at any elevation are not
counted as storeys of the building when their area does not exceed 40% of the
area of one storey of that building.
For buildings,
building-type structures, and multi-storey constructions with floors (excluding
individual houses combined with production or business activities, storage
units, and production buildings), the mezzanine floor is not counted as a
storey when it is used only as a technical area (e.g., technical floor under swimming
pool, generator platform, or other devices of the building), with a floor area
not exceeding 10% of the floor area of the storey directly below, and not
exceeding 300 m2.
Each building may have
only one mezzanine floor that is not counted as a storey of the building.
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Building volume
The building volume
specified in this Regulation is the total volume of the building as prescribed
in TCVN 9255.
1.4.26
Area
The area is calculated
in accordance with TCVN 9255.
NOTE: In cases where
buildings have ensured fire safety distances, evacuation routes, and fire
spread prevention, and are connected by passageways (corridor bridges), it is
permitted to calculate the area and volume of each building separately.
1.4.27
Wet-process area
Refers to an area where
indoor air humidity exceeds 75% at a temperature of 12 °C to 24 °C, or exceeds
60% at a temperature above 24 °C, created by circulating steam generated from
the room’s own activities (e.g., steam spraying or mist spraying).
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Seaports
Refers to an area
consisting of the land and water zones of a seaport, where wharves, storage
units, yards, workshops, headquarters, service establishments, traffic systems,
communication systems, power supply, water supply, waters in front of wharves,
navigation channels, and other auxiliary constructions are constructed.
1.4.29
Unattended electrical
substations
Refer to electrical
substations without on-site operating personnel. The supervision and operation
of the unattended electrical substations are carried out remotely from a
control center.
1.4.30
Flammable liquid
Refers to liquid with a
flash point below 37,8 °C.
1.4.31
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Refers to a liquid, a
mixture of liquids, or a liquid containing dissolved or suspended solids with a
flash point equal to or greater than 37,8 °C.
1.5
General requirements
1.5.1 Buildings,
constructions, and fire prevention and firefighting infrastructure within buildings
and constructions, regardless of ownership or managing entity, must be provided
with fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities and systems in
accordance with this Regulation.
1.5.2 Buildings,
constructions, and rooms shall be classified into groups F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5
based on fire hazard levels according to their functions, as specified in QCVN 06:/BXD.
Buildings, constructions, and rooms with production or storage functions (group
F5) shall be classified by fire and explosion hazard levels into classes A, B,
C, D, and E, as specified in QCVN 06:/BXD. The technical classification related
to fire (fire resistance level, fire spread prevention solutions, etc.) of
buildings and constructions shall also be determined in accordance with QCVN
06:/BXD.
1.5.3 Types and groups of
fires are specified in Table 1.
Table
1- Types and groups of fires
Fire
type symbol
Characteristics
of fire type
Fire
group symbol
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A
Fires involving solid
materials
A1
Fires involving solid
materials with smoldering combustion (e.g., wood, paper, dry grass, straw,
coal, textiles, etc.)
A2
Fires involving solid
materials without smoldering combustion (e.g., plastics, etc.)
B
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B1
Fires involving
liquids insoluble in water (e.g., gasoline, ether, petroleum fuels); fires
involving liquefied solids (e.g., paraffin, etc.)
B2
Fires involving
liquids soluble in water (e.g., alcohol, methanol, glycerin, etc.)
C
Fires involving gases
C
Fires involving gases
(e.g., methane, hydrogen, propane, etc.)
D
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D1
Fires involving light
metals (e.g., aluminum, magnesium, their alloys, etc.), excluding alkali
metals
D2
Fires involving
alkali metals and similar metals (e.g., sodium, potassium, etc.)
D3
Fires involving
compounds containing metals (e.g., organometallic compounds, metallic
hydrogen, etc.)
E
Fires involving
energized electrical devices
E
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1.5.4 The selection of types
of firefighting facilities, extinguishing methods, and extinguishing agents
must be appropriate to the characteristics and level of fire hazard of the
building, construction, room, or device, corresponding to each type of fire and
the capacity and effectiveness of the firefighting facilities and extinguishing
agents as specified in the regulations under 1.5.5 of this Regulation. Fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities must ensure safe operation
requirements under normal environmental conditions.
1.5.5 The firefighting
effectiveness of extinguishing agents is specified in Table 2.
Table
2 - Firefighting effectiveness of extinguishing agents
Extinguishing
agent
Firefighting
effectiveness by fire class
Jet spray
A
B
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D
E
Water
Mist spray
++
-
-
-
-
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++
+
-
-
+
(1)
Water-based
extinguishing agents
Jet spray
+++
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-
-
-
Mist spray
+++
+++
-
-
++
(1)
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Low-expansion foam
++
++
-
-
-
Medium-expansion foam
+
++
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-
-
High-expansion foam
+
+
-
-
-
Fluorinated foam
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+++
-
-
-
Gas
CO2,
Nitrogen
+
+
+
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+++
Freon gas (2)
+
++
+
-
++
Aerosol
++
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++
-
++
Powder
++
+++
+++
+++
++
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(2) Freon gas refers
to fire extinguishing gases containing chlorofluorocarbons or
hydrofluorocarbons such as HFC-227ea, FK-5-1-12, etc.
NOTE:
“+++” – Very
effective firefighting performance.
“++” – Effective
firefighting performance.
“+” – Low
firefighting performance.
“-” – Not suitable
for firefighting.
When a building,
construction, room, or area contains two or more extinguishing agents that
are of low, effective, or very effective extinguishing performance, it is
permitted to choose one among these agents to minimize potential damage to
devices and machinery within the protected area caused by the extinguishing
substance itself. It is prohibited to use extinguishing agents that may cause
chemical reactions with substances in the protected area, leading to fire or
explosion.
1.5.6 For rooms not exceeding
10 m in height (height measures from the floor to the highest point of a sloped
roof, A-frame roof, or ceiling) within buildings classified as fire hazard
group F5 by function (excluding F5 rooms located within buildings of other
functional fire hazard groups), where an automatic fire extinguishing system is
installed and interconnected with the fire alarm control panel, the
installation of automatic fire detectors is not required. Other devices of the
automatic fire alarm system must still be fully installed as required to ensure
proper control of peripheral devices.
NOTE: Where flow
switches, pressure switches, or devices with equivalent functions in the
extinguishing system are used as fire alarm signals and are monitored by the
fire alarm control panel, each of such devices shall be regarded as a
standalone fire detection zone.
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1.5.5 Mixed-use buildings and
apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes must comply with the
regulations on the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities and systems applicable to mixed-use buildings and
apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes, when the floor area
used for each function of the building does not exceed 70% of the total floor
area of the building (excluding the floor areas used for technical systems,
fire prevention, firefighting, refuge, and parking);
Mixed-use buildings and
apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes must comply with the
regulations on the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities and systems according to the function whose floor area
does not exceed 70% of the total floor area of the building (excluding the
floor areas used for technical systems, fire prevention, firefighting, refuge,
and parking).
1.5.9 When determining the
requirements for providing an automatic fire extinguishing system and/or
automatic fire alarm system, the requirements must first be determined for the
entire building (Table A.1), then for each item/area (Table A.2) and room
within the building (Table A.3), as well as for devices within the scope of the
building (Table A.4). For buildings with underground and above-ground parts
that are separated into fire compartments with independent fire resistance and
separate escape routes, the provision of fire prevention and firefighting
facilities shall be considered for each part in accordance with this
Regulation.
1.5.10 For buildings with fire
resistance grades I, II, or III, that are not divided or are divided into rooms
by structural elements (firewalls or fire floors) with fire resistance ratings
lower than REI 45, or fire barriers with fire resistance ratings lower than EI
45; and for buildings with fire resistance grades IV or V, that are not divided
or are divided into rooms by structural elements (walls or floors) with fire
resistance ratings lower then REI 15, or participations with fire resistance
ratings lower than EI15, the provision of automatic fire alarm systems and/or
automatic fire extinguishing systems shall correspond to each room as specified
in Table A.3.
1.5.11 Buildings,
constructions, items/areas, or rooms of the scale specified in Appendix A must
be provided with an automatic fire extinguishing system and/or automatic fire
alarm system for the entire building, construction, or room, excluding the
regulations under 1.5.12 and in the following areas:
- Wet-process areas,
swimming pools, bathrooms, washrooms, and restrooms;
- Rooms classified as
fire hazard class E; rooms classified as fire hazard class C4 (excluding rooms
in buildings of fire hazard groups F1.1, F1.2, F2.1, F4.1, and F4.2 by
functions);
- Side corridors;
- Stairways and stair
enclosures;
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- Areas with no fire
hazard.
NOTE: Areas with no
fire hazard are those that contain no combustible substances or materials, or
no heat sources capable of causing ignition (e.g., water pipe shafts, water
tanks, etc.).
1.5.12 For apartments in
buildings of fire hazard group F1.3 by function, with a fire prevention and
firefighting height not exceeding 100 m, it is permissible to arrange only
sprinkler heads of the automatic water-based fire extinguishing system at the
apartment entrance (installed inside the apartment).
1.5.13 Maintenance of fire
prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities:
- Maintenance must be
carried out at least once a year for: automatic fire alarm systems, standalone
fire alarm devices; emergency lighting and exit signage; public address and
evacuation guidance systems; outdoor firefighting water supply systems; indoor
fire hydrant outlet systems; and automatic fire extinguishing systems and
devices.
- Fire extinguishers
must be maintained at least once every six months.
- The content and
methods of maintenance of fire prevention, firefighting, and rescue facilities
and systems must comply with the law on fire prevention, firefighting, and
rescue, as well as with the relevant current technical standards and regulations.
- For fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities and systems that have maintenance
intervals, as prescribed in specific technical standards or regulations,
shorter than those specified in this Regulation, the intervals specified in the
relevant technical standards or regulations shall apply. In cases where the
technical standards or regulations stipulate maintenance intervals longer than
those specified in this Regulation, the intervals prescribed in this Regulation
shall apply.
2 REGULATIONS ON
PROVIDING AND ARRANGING FIRE PREVENTION, FIREFIGHTING, AND RESCUE FACILITIES
FOR BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS
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2.1.1 The list of buildings,
items/areas, and rooms required to be provided with automatic fire alarm
systems or standalone fire alarm devices is provided in Appendix A.
The selection and
arrangement of standalone fire alarm devices shall be implemented in accordance
with the same regulations applicable to similar devices used in automatic fire
alarm systems.
2.1.2. The design and
installation requirements for automatic fire alarm systems shall comply with TCVN 7568-14 and TCVN
7568-25.
2.2
Provision and arrangement of emergency lighting, exit signs, public address, and
evacuation guidance systems
2.2.1 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with emergency lighting and exit signage in
accordance with TCVN
13456.
2.2.2 The design and
installation of emergency lighting and exit signage shall comply with TCVN 13456.
2.2.3 Constructions under
construction must be provided with emergency lighting with a backup power
supply of not less than 1 hour in certain functional areas of the construction,
such as generator rooms, transformer rooms, and fire pump rooms. Emergency
lighting must ensure a horizontal floor illuminance level of not less than 0,5
lux.
2.2.4 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with public address and evacuation guidance
systems as specified in Appendix G.
2.2.5 The design and
installation of public address and evacuation guidance systems must ensure the
requirements specified in H.4.
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2.3.1 Buildings and
constructions required to be provided with outdoor firefighting water supply
systems are specified in Appendix C.
2.3.2 It is permitted not to
provide an outdoor firefighting water supply system if the building or
construction is located within a radius of 400 m, measured horizontally, from
every point of the building or construction, to a fire hydrant or water intake
point of natural or artificial water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers,
tanks, or other artificial water sources, as well as if firefighting water flow
rate/storage capacity meets the prescribed requirements.
If the required water
flow rate/storage capacity is not met, an outdoor firefighting water supply system
must be provided. When calculating the water flow/storage capacity of the
outdoor firefighting water supply system, it is permitted to include the flow
rate/storage capacity of outdoor water supply infrastructure or
natural/artificial water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers, tanks, and other
artificial water sources.
NOTE 1: Requirements
for water intake points are specified in H.1.5.4.
NOTE 2: Natural or
artificial water sources must be public or internal sources within the project
or construction.
2.3.3 The design and
installation of outdoor firefighting water supply systems shall comply with the
regulations under H.1 and H.3 and TCVN 6379.
2.4.
Provision and arrangement of indoor firefighting water supply systems
2.4.1 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with an indoor fire hydrant outlet system as
specified in Appendix B.
NOTE: The indoor fire
hydrant outlet system may be arranged independently or combined with an
automatic water-based fire extinguishing system. When combined, the
requirements for both the indoor fire hydrant outlet system and the automatic
fire extinguishing system must be met.
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NOTE: The fire pump of
the indoor fire hydrant outlet system must be operated manually, automatically,
ore remotely. For indoor fire hydrant outlet systems in production buildings
and storage units with fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, and C1;
buildings with a fire protection and firefighting height of 25 m or more;
markets, shopping centers, supermarkets, and hotels; buildings used for karaoke
or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke or nightclub
services; passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and
depots; cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots;
theaters, cinemas, and service buildings at seaports and inland waterway ports,
the fire pumps must be controlled manually at the pump room and automatically.
2.4.3 For constructions under
construction with 10 or more storeys or a fire prevention and firefighting
height of 28 m or more, when carrying out interior finishing and installation
of devices of mechanical and electrical systems, a firefighting water supply
solution must be provided, meeting the following requirements: at least 1 dry-pipe
system with fire hydrant outlets on each floor must be arranged, capable of being
connected to fire trucks or fire pumps through an external connection point for
water intake into the system. Each fire hydrant must be provided with at least
2 hose reels and 1 nozzle.
2.4.4 Buildings and
constructions, with a fire prevention and firefighting height greater than 28 m
(or greater than 50 m for buildings of group F1.3) or with a depth of the floor
of the lowest basement to the elevation of the emergency exit leading outside
greater than 9 m, must be provided with a dry-pipe system with DN65 water
supply inlets fitted with normally closed shut-off valves for professional
firefighting forces. These inlets must be installed in firefighting elevator
lobbies or in the smokeproof stairwells. The dry-pipe system must meet the
following requirements:
- The pipe diameter
must be at least DN65;
- A check valve must be
installed at the fire department connection (from outside into the riser
system), with a suitably sized coupling located outside the building for
connection with high-pressure fire pumps of fire trucks.
- An air release valve
must be installed at the highest point of the riser system;
- A drain valve must be
installed at the lowest point of the riser system;
- At the fire
department connection, a sign indicating the service area of the dry-pipe system
must be installed.
2.5
Provision and arrangement of automatic suppression systems and devices
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2.5.2 The design and
installation of automatic fire extinguishing systems are stipulated by the
corresponding standards, including TCVN 7336, TCVN 13926, TCVN 13657-1, TCVN
13333, TCVN 6101, TCVN 7161-1, TCVN 7161-5, TCVN 7161-9, TCVN 7161-13, TCVN
7161-14, TCVN 7161-15, TCVN 13877-2, TCVN 14496, and NFPA 15.
2.5.3 When arranging and
installing an automatic fire extinguishing system using an extinguishing agent
that is hazardous to humans, the evacuation time must be calculated to ensure
that the last person can escape from the room or protected area before the
system automatically discharges the extinguishing agent.
2.5.4 Based on the actual
conditions of the building or construction, automatically activated powder fire
extinguishers may be installed on walls or suspended from the ceiling at an
appropriate height to ensure the effective protection area as specified by the
manufacturer. In all cases, the distance from the heat sensor to the ceiling
must not exceed 40 cm. Suspended automatically activated powder fire
extinguishers may be installed in restaurant kitchens, boiler rooms, laundry
rooms with an area not exceeding 100 m2, and electrical technical
rooms with an area not exceeding 10 m2. If installed in areas
exceeding 100 m2, such areas must be divided into zones of up to 100
m2 using firewalls (with a fire resistance rating not less than REI
45) or fire partitions (with a fire resistance rating not less than EI 45).
2.5.5 It is permitted to
provide automatically activated gas or aerosol fire extinguishers (with functions
for supervising the standby status of the device and the status during fire
extinguishing; these signals must be interconnected with the automatic fire
alarm system) as a replacement for the automatic fire extinguishing system in
areas not frequently occupied by people and with a floor area not exceeding 100
m2.
If installed in areas with a floor area greater than 100 m2, such
areas must be divided into zones of up to 100 m2 using firewalls
(with a fire resistance rating not less than REI 45) or fire partitions (with a
fire resistance rating not less than EI 45).
Suspended automatically
activated gas extinguishers must comply with TCVN 12314-2.
2.6
Provision and arrangement of fire extinguishers
2.6.1 All areas in buildings
and constructions, including those already provided with fire extinguishing
systems, must be provided with portable fire extinguishers or wheeled fire
extinguishers. The selection, calculation, provision, and arrangement of fire
extinguishers shall be carried out in accordance with Points 6 and 7 of TCVN 7435-1.
2.6.2 For areas that are
narrow and long or have multiple floor levels, the provision of fire
extinguishers must still ensure that the travel distance from the fire
extinguisher location to the farthest point requiring protection by 1
extinguisher does not exceed the limit specified in Point 7 of TCVN 7435-1.
2.6.3 On the same floor or
building storey, if the layout is separated into different zones by walls,
partitions, barriers, or other obstacles without passageways between them, fire
extinguishers must be independently provided for each zone, ensuring compliance
with Points 6 and 7 of TCVN 7435-1.
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Fire extinguishers must
always be ready for immediate use and arranged in the following locations:
- Where they are easily
visible to people following the escape routes;
- Near exits and
entrances of rooms, staircases, corridors, and passageways;
- In similar locations
on each floor where the floors have identical layouts.
Fire extinguishers shall
not be placed in the following areas or positions:
- Where potential fires
may obstruct access to the extinguishers;
- Near heat-generating
devices that may affect their quality or effectiveness;
- In hidden locations
such as behind doors, inside closed cabinets, or deep recesses where they
cannot be seen;
- In paces that may
obstruct escape routes;
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- Where routine
activities may damage extinguishers.
2.6.5 Constructions under
construction must be provided with at least 1 portable ABC powder fire
extinguisher with a capacity of not less than 4 kg for each floor area of up to
500 m2, calculated separately for each floor of the construction,
including temporary buildings serving the construction site (if the area is
less than 500 m2, at least 1 portable ABC powder fire extinguisher
with a capacity of not less than 4 kg must still be provided). The number of portable
fire extinguishers must be doubled over the minimum required quantity when fire
trucks cannot access the construction. All portable fire extinguishers must be
arranged to ensure a maximum protection radius of 25 m and placed in visible
and easily accessible locations.
2.7
Provision and arrangement of basic demolition tools, gas masks, and
self-contained breathing apparatus
2.7.1 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with basic demolition tools as specified in
Appendix E.
These tools must be
arranged in areas where fire prevention and firefighting personnel are
regularly on duty.
2.7.2 Buildings and
constructions must be provided with gas masks and self-contained breathing
apparatus as specified in Appendix F.
Gas masks provided for
buildings and constructions shall be arranged in facility cabinets located
along corridors, escape routes on each floor, or rooms that are regularly
occupied; self-contained breathing apparatus shall be arranged in fire control
or monitoring rooms or fire prevention and firefighting duty areas in visible
and easily accessible positions, ensuring compliance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
2.8
Provision and arrangement of mobile firefighting facilities
2.8.1 Storage units,
production establishments, airports, seaports, industrial parks, and industrial
clusters must be provided with mobile firefighting facilities in addition to
firefighting systems, as specified in Appendix D. The mobile firefighting
facilities provided must comply with TCVN 13316 (all parts) and TCVN 12110.
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- Have technical
characteristics and firefighting features suitable for the type of building or
construction being protected;
- Contain appropriate
extinguishing agents, facilities, and tools as prescribed by regulations.
3 REGULATIONS ON
MANAGEMENT
3.1 Fire prevention,
firefighting, and rescue facilities listed in Appendix V enclosed with Decree
No. 105/2025/ND-CP
must obtain a circulation permit from a competent authority before being placed
on the market.
3.2 The issuance of the
certificate of inspection of fire prevention and firefighting facilities, as
well as the management and use of inspection seals for such facilities, shall
comply with Clause 1 Article 46 of Decree No. 105/2025/ND-CP.
4 IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 The Fire and Rescue Police
Department shall disseminate and guide the application of this Regulation to
all relevant entities.
4.2 Organizations and
individuals involved in the provision and arrangement of fire prevention, firefighting,
and rescue facilities for buildings and constructions within the territory of
Vietnam shall study and comply with this Regulation, and disseminate this
Regulation to units and personnel under their authority for implementation./.
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(Regulation0)
Regulations on provision of automatic
fire alarm systems, standalone fire alarm devices, and automatic fire
extinguishing systems and automatically activated fire extinguishing devices
Table A.1 – For buildings
NO.
Type
of building
Automatic
fire alarm system
Automatic
fire extinguishing system (1)
1.
Individual houses
combined with service business (with the business area occupying less than
30% of the total floor area of the building)
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
2.
Individual houses
combined with the production or trading of flammable goods (with the
production/business area occupying less than 30% of the total floor area of
the building) (2)
Height of 3 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
3.
Apartment buildings,
collective housing, and dormitories of educational institutions in accordance
with the law on education
Height of 5 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 700 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 30 m or more
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Nurseries,
kindergartens, preschools, and other preschool education establishments in
accordance with the law on education
Having 100 or more
children, or a total floor area of 300 m2 or more (allowed to
provide standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 500
m2)
Height of 4 storeys
or more (excluding the top technical floor) and total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
5.
Primary schools;
lower secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with
multiple levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools;
vocational schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law (excluding those listed in Item 4
of this Table); social protection establishments
Height of 5 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more (allowed to
provide standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 700
m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
6.
Medical examination
and treatment buildings, and patient accommodation of hospitals; maternity
homes, health stations, general and specialized clinics; buildings for
convalescence, rehabilitation, and orthopaedics; buildings of epidemic
prevention and control establishments; buildings of other health
establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical Examination and Treatment
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 2000 m2
or more
7.
Nursing homes
Regardless of area
(allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 3
storeys and total floor area is less than 300 m2).
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more
8.
Sports arena, sports
training building, and buildings of other sports establishments established
under the Law on Physical Training and Sports
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more, or stands with 200 seats or more (allowed to
provide standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 1500
m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
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Theaters, cinemas,
and circuses
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more, or 200 seats or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when total floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
10.
Libraries
Total floor area of
300 m2 or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices
when total floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
11.
Museums, exhibition
buildings, and display buildings (excluding display buildings specified in
Item 25 of this Table)
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Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
200 m2 or more
11.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
11.2.1.
One or two storeys
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Total floor area of
1000 m2 or more
11.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more
12.
Cultural houses,
convention centers, multi-purpose buildings
Height of 3 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 500 m2 or more.
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
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Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing
karaoke or nightclub services
13.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
13.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
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One or two storeys
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more
13.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
14.
Buildings used for
religious or belief purposes under religious or belief establishments
(excluding family ancestral worship houses), and historical-cultural
monuments at the provincial level or higher
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more
15.
Markets (organized at
a planned location), shopping centers, and supermarkets (3) (excluding
buildings specified in Item 25)
15.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
200 m2 or more
15.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
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One or two storeys
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
3500 m2 or more
15.2.2.
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
16.
Restaurants, dining
establishments, canteens of establishments subject to fire prevention and
firefighting management; buildings of aquariums, amusement service
establishments, art performance or other cultural activity establishments
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
17.
Electronics stores,
department stores, convenience stores, and stores trading flammable goods as
prescribed by law
17.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
200 m2 or more
17.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 3500 m2
or more
17.3.
Buildings trading
flammable and combustible liquids (excluding goods stored in non-combustible
containers or bottles with a capacity not exceeding 20 liters)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
18.
Hotels, guesthouses,
motels, and buildings within resorts or other accommodation service
establishments
Height of 3 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 700 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
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Post offices, postal
stations, and buildings within other postal and telecommunications service
establishments
Height of 3 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 500 m2 or more.
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
20.
Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research establishments
Height of 5 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 500 m2 or more (allowed to provide
standalone fire alarm devices when height is less than 5 storeys and total
floor area is less than 1500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2
or more
21.
Mixed-use buildings
and apartment buildings constructed for mixed-use purposes
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Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 5000 m2 or more
22.
Passenger and cargo
terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; cable car stations;
urban railway passenger stations and depots; service buildings within
seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, rest stops, and dry ports
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more (allowed to provide standalone fire alarm devices
when height is less than 3 storeys and total floor area is less than 500 m2)
Fire prevention and
firefighting height of 25 m or more, or total floor area of 10000 m2
or more
23.
Air traffic control
towers
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
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Vehicle inspection
workshops within motor vehicle inspection centers
Floor area of 500 m2
or more
-
25.
Buildings used for parking
of automobiles and motorcycles, or for displaying automobiles and motorcycles(4)
25.1.
Enclosed type located
in basements, semi-basements, or above-ground with 2 storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
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Enclosed type,
single-storey above ground
25.2.1.
With fire resistance
grades I, II, or III, and structural fire hazard class S0
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
7000 m2 or more
25.2.2.
With fire resistance
grades I, II, or III, and structural fire hazard class S1
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
3600 m2 or more
...
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With fire resistance
grades IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S0
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
3600 m2 or more
25.2.4.
With fire resistance
grades IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S1
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
2000 m2 or more
25.2.5.
With fire resistance
grades IV or V, and structural fire hazard class S2 or S3
...
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Total floor area of
1000 m2 or more
25.3.
Open type (5)
25.3.1.
Where the distance
from any point to the open edge is no greater than 12 m
Total floor area of
4000 m2 or more, or height of 4 storeys or more
-
25.3.2.
Where the distance
from any point to the open edge is greater than 12 m
...
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Total floor area of
4000 m2 or more, or height of 4 storeys or more
26.
Mechanical automobile
parking garage
-
From 4 parking spaces
per storey or more
27.
Aircraft maintenance
hangars
Regardless of area
Total floor area of
2800 m2 or more
...
...
...
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Road traffic tunnels
(road tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or
more
-
29.
Buildings for
processing or storing grain-type agricultural products (5), (6)
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more
Total floor area of
3000 m2 or more
30.
Class C fire hazard
storage units with storage racks higher than 5,5 m
...
...
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Regardless of area
31.
Class B or C fire and
explosion hazard storage units with 2 storeys or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
(1) For mixed-use
buildings that are not required to be provided with an automatic fire
extinguishing system as prescribed in Table A.1, if any functional part of
the building falls within the scope requiring such a system under Table A.1,
an automatic fire extinguishing system must be installed for that part of the
building.
When karaoke or
nightclub businesses are arranged within a mixed-use building, and the scale
of the karaoke or nightclub area falls within the scope requiring an
automatic fire extinguishing system as prescribed in Table A.1, or when the
karaoke or nightclub area is located on the 3rd storey or higher, an
automatic fire extinguishing system must be provided for the entire building.
It is permitted to
provide packaged automatic fire extinguishing systems instead of the
automatic fire extinguishing system for constructions, as prescribed in
Appendix A of TCVN 13926.
(2) It is permitted
to provide only an automatic fire alarm system or standalone fire alarm
devices in production or business areas; however, each storey of the building
must have an audible warning system interconnected with the automatic fire
alarm system or standalone fire alarm devices.
...
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(3) It is permitted
not to install automatic fire extinguishing systems in display areas for
non-combustible cookware, devices, goods, or materials, as well as areas for
storage and processing of meat, fish, fruits, and vegetables (in
non-combustible packaging) intended for sale.
(4) It is permitted
not to arrange an automatic fire extinguishing system in one-level
underground parking garages constructed beneath open ground when the capacity
does not exceed 25 vehicles.
For one- or
two-storey enclosed parking garages divided into compartments (each
compartment separated by type 1 fire partitions and having direct exits to
the open air), it is permitted not to install an automatic fire alarm system
or an automatic fire extinguishing system, provided that each compartment
accommodates no more than 2 vehicles.
It is also permitted
not to install automatic fire alarm systems and automatic fire extinguishing
systems in motorcycle storage or display buildings that are no more than 2
storeys high and have a total floor area not exceeding 1000 m2.
(5) Open-type
building refers to a building without exterior enclosing walls. A building is
also considered open if its two longest opposite sides are left open. A side
is considered open if the total open floor area along that side accounts for
at least 50% of its exterior surface area on each storey.
(6) It is not
required to provide automatic fire alarm or automatic fire extinguishing
systems for open-type buildings used for the processing or storage of
grain-type agricultural products.
NOTE 1: Buildings
listed under Items 6, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 21 with fire resistance grades IV-V
must be provided with automatic fire alarm systems when the total floor area
is 200 m2 or more; and automatic fire extinguishing systems when
the total floor area is 1200 m2 or more.
NOTE 2: Inpatient
treatment buildings with a total floor area of 3000 m2 or more,
medical examination and treatment buildings of hospitals for mental health
treatment with a total floor area of 3000 m2 or more, nursing
homes with a total floor areas of 3000 m2 or more, and
residential buildings with a fire prevention and firefighting height of 75 m
or more must be provided with addressable fire alarm systems when newly
constructed.
Table A.2 – For items/areas
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Item/Area
Automatic
fire alarm system
Automatic
fire extinguishing system
1.
Cable sections(1)
of power plants (excluding cables installed outside buildings or
constructions)
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
2
Cable sections(1)
of electrical substations with a voltage of 500 kV or more (excluding cables
installed outside buildings or constructions)
...
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Regardless of scale(2)
3.
Cable sections(1)
of electrical substations with a voltage of 110-220 kV (excluding cables
installed outside buildings or constructions) and transformers with the
capacity as follows:
3.1.
Below 63 MVA
Regardless of scale(2)
-
...
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From 63 MVA or higher
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
4.
Cable sections(1)
of unattended electrical substations (excluding cables installed outside
buildings or constructions)
Regardless of scale(2)
Regardless of scale(2)
5.
Cable tunnels
(trenches) inside production or residential buildings containing cables or conductors
with a voltage of 220 V or higher:
...
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5.1.
Volume from 10 m3
to 100 m3
From 5 cables or more(2)
-
5.2.
Volume over 100 m3
From 5 cables or more(2)
From 12 cables or
more(2)
...
...
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Enclosed conveyors
transporting flammable materials
Length of 25 m or
more
Length of 25 m or
more
7.
The void space above
false ceilings or under raised floors with a height of 0,35 m or more in
areas(3) of rooms or buildings required to have an automatic fire
extinguishing system and/or an automatic fire alarm system, where:
7.1.
Technical conduits
covered with combustible materials of groups Ch2-Ch4, regardless of mass
...
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-
7.2.
Cable trays (bundles)
with a voltage of 220 or higher, with a total volume of combustible materials
(groups Ch2-Ch4) of 0,0015 m3 per meter of length of more
Regardless of scale(2)
-
8.
Cable tunnels
(trenches) of road traffic tunnels with a total length of 500 m or more
Regardless of scale(2)
-
...
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(2) It is permitted
not to provide automatic fire alarm systems or automatic fire extinguishing
systems in the following cases:
- Cables are routed
in conduits or covered with non-combustible materials or materials of
combustibility Ch1;
- Cables or
electrical wires belong to lighting systems or communication systems.
(3) The areas to
which the requirements specified in Items 7.1 and 7.2 of this Table apply
include:
- Evacuation
corridors, auditoriums, and lobbies;
- Rooms accommodating
50 people or more;
- Rooms classified as
fire hazard groups F1.1 and F4.1 by functions, and those used for providing karaoke
or nightclub services.
It is permitted to
arrange only fire detectors at locations of technical conduits and/or cable
trays within the spaces above suspended ceilings and under raised floors.
Table A.3 – For rooms
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Protected
entity
Automatic
fire alarm system
Automatic
fire extinguishing system
1.
Storage rooms
1.1.
Belonging to fire and
explosion hazard classes A, B
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2 or
more
...
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Storing rubber,
plastic pellets; matches, alkali metals, fireworks; wool, fur; or other
combustible materials with low density (below 3 kg/m3)
Regardless of area
Area of 100 m2
or more
1.3.
Containing
non-combustible goods packed in combustible packaging (with specific fire
load from 1 MJ/m2 to 180 MJ/m2)
Area of 300 m2
or more
-
1.4.
Belonging to fire
hazard class C1 (excluding rooms under Items 1.2 and 1.3 of this Table and
storage rooms within buildings and establishments for processing or storing
grain-type agricultural products), when located on storeys as follows:
...
...
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Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Area of 100 m2
or more
1.4.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
Area of 300 m2
or more
Area of 300 m2
or more
1.5.
Belonging to fire
hazard classes C2 and C3 (excluding rooms under Items 1.2 and 1.3 of this
Table and storage rooms within buildings and establishments for processing or
storing grain-type agricultural products)
...
...
...
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Located in basements
or semi-basements
Area of 300 m2 or
more
Area of 300 m2
or more
1.5.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
Area of 1000 m2
or more
Area of 1000 m2
or more
1.6.
Refrigerated storage
units
...
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-
2.
Production rooms
2.1.
Belonging to fire and
explosion hazard classes A, B
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2
or more
2.2.
Belonging to fire
hazard class C1 (excluding rooms within buildings and establishments for
processing or storing grain-type agricultural products)
...
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Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
2.2.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2
or more
2.3.
Belonging to fire
hazard classes C1 and C3 (excluding rooms within buildings and establishments
for processing or storing grain-type agricultural products)
...
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Located in basements
or semi-basements
2.3.1.1.
Without direct exit
to outdoors
Regardless of area
Area of 300 m2
or more
2.3.1.2.
With direct exit to
outdoors
-
Area of 700 m2
or more
...
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Located on
above-ground storeys
Area of 300 m2
or more
Area of 1000 m2
or more
2.4.
Rooms for production
of flammable liquids (solvents, paints, adhesives, impregnation solutions,
synthetic rubber); rooms for production of suspensions from aluminum powder
or rubber glue; painting rooms; rooms for artificial synthetic rubber;
compressor rooms using gas turbines; rooms for heating petroleum and diesel
oil
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
3.
Communication rooms
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Device separation
rooms and auxiliary rooms (ventilation, transformer rooms) of broadcasting
stations with a transmission capacity of 150 kW or more; receiving stations
with 20 or more receivers; fixed satellite communication stations with a
transmission capacity greater than 1kW; television relay stations with a
transmission capacity of 25-50 kW; network inter-provincial and municipal
network nodes and telephone exchanges; telegraph stations; terminal amplifier
points; and regional communication centers
Regardless of area
-
3.2.
Technical workshops
of terminal amplifier stations, intermediate radio relay stations, and
transmission/reception centers without supervision or personnel on duty at
night
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
3.3.
Base stations of
mobile radio communication systems and relay stations of mobile radio
communication systems without supervision
...
...
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Area of 24 m2
or more
3.4.
Digital exchange
rooms, telephone control centers, computer centers, and telegraph centers of
post offices of provinces or cities located in buildings with a total volume
of:
3.4.1.
Less than 40000 m3
Regardless of area
-
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40000 m3
or more
Regardless of area
Area of 24 m2
or more
3.5.
Telephone exchange
rooms where the switching devices are electronic or semi-electronic,
installed together with a computer used as a control unit and input/output
device; rooms containing electronic switching devices, nodes, or document
communication centers with a capacity of:(1), (2)
3.5.1.
Less than 10000
numbers, channels, or connection points
Regardless of area
-
...
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10000 numbers,
channels, or connection points or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
3.6.
Rooms equipped with
division and connection devices with computers used for controlling automatic
telephone exchanges with a station capacity of:
3.6.1.
Less than 10000
inter-provincial or municipal channels
Regardless of area
-
...
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10000
inter-provincial or municipal channels or more
Regardless of area
Area of 24 m2
or more
3.7.
Rooms used for processing,
sorting, storing, and dispatching parcels, letters, telegrams, and newspapers
Regardless of area
Area of 500 m2
or more
4.
Auxiliary rooms in
the field of transport
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Electrical machinery
room, device rooms, and rooms for repair and fabrication of train carriages,
wheels, engines, etc., with a fire and explosion hazard class C3 or higher, belong
to establishments for building, repairing, and maintaining trains, trams, or
vessels
Area of 300 m2
or more
Area of 1000 m2
or more
4.2.
Rooms for repair,
maintenance, and storage of road motor vehicles (excluding automobiles)
Area of 1000 m2
or more
Area of 1000 m2
or more
4.3.
Rooms for automobile
repair and maintenance
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Area of 700 m2
or more
4.4.
Rooms for indoor
automobile storage in buildings with other functions (excluding individual
houses combined with production or business activities)
Regardless of area
From 3 automobiles or
more
4.5.
Rooms for disassembly
or assembly of aircraft engines, aircraft devices, airplane wheels, and
helicopters; rooms for production or repair of aircraft engines
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
...
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Rooms for housing
fire pumps, ventilation rooms, and storage units for supplies or goods of
road traffic tunnels
Regardless of area
-
5.
Public function rooms
5.1.
Library storage rooms
with a specific number of documents/books:
5.1.1.
Under 250000 units
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5.1.2.
250000 units or more
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.2.
Exhibition and
display rooms (3)
Area of 500 m2
or more
Area of 1000 m2
or more
...
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Rooms for
preservation and exhibition of valuable works or items in museums (3)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.4.
In cultural and
entertainment buildings with stages and auditoriums (theaters, clubs, concert
halls, film and concert halls, multi-purpose halls, cultural houses, circuses,
etc.)
5.4.1.
Capacity of 400 seats
or more and stage area of 100 m2 or more (4)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
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Capacity of 700 seats
or more (4)
Regardless of area
Regardless of area
5.4.3.
Storage units for
decorations, props, and stage equipment
Area of 100 m2
or more
Area of 300 m2
or more
5.5.
Film studios
...
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Area of 1000 m2
or more
5.6.
Money storage rooms
(vaults) in banks and treasuries
Regardless of area
Area of 30 m2
or more
5.7.
Luggage preservation
rooms and storage units for flammable materials in passenger or cargo
terminals:
5.7.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
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Regardless of area
5.7.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
Area of 300 m2
or more
Area of 300 m2
or more
5.8.
Rooms for
preservation of combustible materials:
5.8.1.
Located in indoor
sports constructions with a capacity of 800 seats or more
...
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Area of 100 m2 or
more
5.8.2.
Located under the
stands of indoor sports constructions or outdoor sports constructions with a
capacity of more than 3000 seats
Area of 100 m2 or
more
Area of 100 m2
or more
5.9.
Dedicated server
rooms
Area of 24 m2
or more
Area of 24 m2
or more
...
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Commercial rooms in
buildings of other functions:
5.10.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
Area of 200 m2
or more
5.10.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
Area of 500 m2
or more
Area of 500 m2
or more
...
...
...
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Rooms for trading
flammable and combustible liquids (excluding goods stored in non-combustible
containers or bottles with a capacity not exceeding 20 liters)
Regardless of scale
Regardless of scale
6.
Control rooms,
electrical distribution device rooms, and battery rooms of unattended
electrical substations
Regardless of scale(5)
-
(1) It is permitted
not to install an automatic fire extinguishing system for the entire room
when the room is equipped with an automatic fire alarm system and all
electrical and electronic devices (including devices of automatic process
control systems) are protected by automatic fire extinguishing devices in
accordance with national, international, or foreign standards applicable in
Vietnam as prescribed.
(2) The automatic
fire extinguishing system selected to protect these rooms must not cause
damage or malfunction to the devices in the event of accidental activation.
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(4) When the stage
area is 100 m2 or more, a fire spread prevention solution must be
provided between the stage area and the audience area (using a drencher fire
curtain or a fire curtain with a minimum fire resistance rating of El 60).
(5) The fire alarm
control panel of an unattended electrical substation must transmit fire alarm
signals to a remote control center.
NOTE: Production
rooms and storage rooms, including laboratories and workshops, with an area
greater than 50 m2 in buildings of groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 shall
apply the requirements of this Regulation as for F5 rooms.
Table A.4 – For devices
NO.
Protected entity
Automatic fire alarm
system
Automatic fire
extinguishing system
1
...
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-
Regardless of scale
2
Waste-recovery towers
(e.g., dust, coal, sawdust) that are flammable(1)
-
Regardless of scale
3
Oil-cooled
transformers:
3.1
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Regardless of
capacity
Capacity of 63 MVA or
more
3.2
110 kV transformers
installed in power plants
Capacity of 63 MVA or
more
Capacity of 63 MVA or
more
3.3
220 kV transformers
Regardless of
capacity
...
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3.4
500 kV transformers
or higher
Regardless of
capacity
Regardless of
capacity
4
Transformers in
unattended electrical substations
Regardless of
capacity
Capacity of 125 MVA
or more
5
...
...
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Regardless of
capacity
Capacity of 63 MVA or
more, or voltage of 110 kV or more
6
Test stations using
diesel or gasoline generators mounted on automobiles or trailers
-
Regardless of area
(1) It is permitted
to use automatic fire extinguishing devices in place of automatic fire
extinguishing systems.
NOTE: The "-"
symbol in tables of Appendix A means the installation of an automatic fire
alarm and/or automatic fire extinguishing system is not required.
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(Regulation)
Regulations on provision of indoor fire
hydrant outlet systems
Table
B.1 - Regulations on provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
NO.
Type
of building/construction
Scale
1.
Residential buildings
and public constructions
1.1.
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Height of 7 storeys
or more
1.2.
Apartment buildings,
mixed-use apartment buildings, collective housing, and dormitories within
educational institutions as prescribed by education law; hotels, guesthouses,
and motels; buildings within resorts or other accommodation service
establishments; mixed-use buildings
Height of 5 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.3.
Nurseries,
kindergartens, preschools, and other preschool education establishments in
accordance with the law on education
From 100 children or
more, or height of 3 storeys or more, or total floor area of 1000 m2
or more
1.4.
Primary schools;
lower secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with
multiple levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools;
vocational schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law (excluding those listed in Item
1.3 of this Table); medical examination and treatment buildings, and patient
accommodation of hospitals; maternity homes, health stations, general and
specialized clinics; buildings for convalescence, rehabilitation, and
orthopaedics; buildings of epidemic prevention and control establishments;
buildings of other health establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical
Examination and Treatment
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1.5.
Buildings of
aquariums, amusement service establishments, art performance or other cultural
activity establishments; museums, exhibition buildings, and display
buildings; buildings used for religious or belief purposes under religious or
belief establishments (excluding family ancestral worship houses), and
historical-cultural monuments at the provincial level or higher; sports
arena, sports training building, and buildings of other sports establishment
established under the Law on Physical Training and Sports; vehicle inspection
workshops within motor vehicle inspection centers
Height of 6 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.6.
Theaters, cinemas,
and circuses
300 seats or more, or
total floor area of 1000 m2 or more
1.7.
Libraries; cultural
houses, convention centers, multi-purpose buildings; electronics stores, department
stores, convenience stores, and stores trading flammable goods as prescribed
by law
Total floor area of
1500 m2 or more
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Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; post offices, postal stations, and buildings within other
postal and telecommunications service establishments
Height of 6 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.9.
Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing karaoke
or nightclub services
1.9.1.
Located in basements
or semi-basements
Regardless of area
1.9.2.
Located on
above-ground storeys
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One or two storeys
Total floor area of
300 m2 or more
1.9.2.2
Three storeys or more
Regardless of area
1.10.
Grade-1 markets,
grade-2 markets, shopping centers, and supermarkets (excluding automobile and
motorcycle showrooms)
Regardless of area
1.11.
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Height of 6 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
1.12.
Air traffic control
towers; passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and
depots; cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots;
service buildings within seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations,
rest stops, and dry ports
Height of 6 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 1500 m2 or more
2.
Production buildings
and storage units of fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, C, and D
Total floor area of
500 m2 or more
3.
Buildings used for
parking of automobiles and motorcycles, or for displaying automobiles and
motorcycles
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3.1.
Enclosed type
Total floor area of
150 m2 or more
3.2.
Open type (excluding
mechanical automobile garages)
Total floor area of
1000 m2 or more
4.
Road traffic tunnels
(road tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or
more
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Aircraft maintenance
hangars; establishments for building, repairing, and maintaining inland
waterway vehicles and seagoing vessels; buildings for repairing and
maintaining road motor vehicles
Total floor area of
1000 m2 or more
NOTE 1: For mixed-use
buildings, individual houses combined with service businesses, and individual
houses combined with the production and trading of flammable goods that are
not required to be provided with indoor fire hydrant outlet systems, any
functional area of the building that falls within the scope subject to the
provision of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems according to Table B.1 must
be provided with indoor fire hydrant outlet systems for that part of the
building. For mixed-use buildings where karaoke or nightclub business areas
are located on the 3rd storey or above, the indoor fire hydrant outlet system
must be provided for the entire building.
Regarding individual
houses combined with service businesses or production and trading of
flammable goods, where the floor area used for production or business exceeds
70% of the building's total floor area, the provision of indoor fire hydrant
outlets shall be in accordance with the production and business functions.
NOTE 2: It is
permitted to provide packaged fire hydrant outlet systems instead of the fire
hydrant outlet systems in constructions, as prescribed in Appendix A of TCVN
13926.
NOTE 3: Indoor fire
hydrant outlet systems shall not be provided for production buildings or
storage units where substances are used or stored that, upon contact with
water, may cause fire, explosion, or fire propagation.
APPENDIX C
(Regulation)
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Table
C.1 - Regulations on provision of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
NO.
Type
of building/construction
Scale
1.
Medical examination
and treatment buildings, and patient accommodation of hospitals
Height of 5 storeys
or more, or total floor area of 3000 m2 or more
2.
Grade-1 markets,
grade-2 markets, and shopping centers
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3.
Passenger and cargo
terminals at airports; aircraft maintenance hangars; special-level or level-I
inland waterway ports; special-level or level-I seaports; category-I or
category-II fishing ports; dry ports; railway passenger stations and depots;
urban railway passenger stations and depots; rest stops (1)
Regardless of scale
4.
Road traffic tunnels
(road tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or
more
5.
Establishments for
building, repairing, and maintaining inland waterway vehicles or seagoing
vessels
Total floor area of
1500 m2 or more
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Thermal power plants;
electrical substations with a voltage of 220 kV or more
Regardless of scale
7.
Oil refineries;
refining and petrochemical factories; gas processing factories; biofuel
production factories; storage units for petroleum or petroleum products;
storage units for liquefied gas(2); ports for importing/exporting
petroleum/petroleum products
Regardless of scale
8.
Establishments for
producing explosives or industrial explosive precursors
Regardless of scale
Storage units for
explosives or industrial explosive precursors
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9.
Integrated iron and
steel complexes; automobile manufacturing and assembly factories (3)
Regardless of scale
Constructions for
producing automobile tires and tubes (3)
Annual production
exceeding 100 million units
Constructions for production,
storage, and filling stations of petrochemical products (3)
Annual production
exceeding 50000 tons
10.
Residential areas in
urban and rural areas; urban areas, residential areas, industrial parks,
industrial clusters, tourism areas, research and training zones, and sports
and fitness areas.
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(1) Only required for
rest stops planned along expressways.
(2) Only required for
standalone storage units, excluding storage units of production or civil
establishments.
(3) Not required for
buildings and constructions located within industrial parks or industrial
clusters.
APPENDIX D
(Regulation)
Regulations on provision of mobile
firefighting facilities
Table
D.1 - Regulations on provision of mobile firefighting facilities
NO.
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Scale
Fire
truck, units
Fireboat,
units
Portable
fire pump, units(2)
1
Storage units (1)
1.1
Storage units for
petroleum and petroleum products
Total volume over
500000 m3
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1.2
Storage units for
petroleum and petroleum products
Total volume from
100000 m3 to 500000 m3
1
1.3
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Total volume below
100000 m3
1
2
Airports, ports
2.1
Airports
According to the fire
prevention and firefighting rescue category of the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO), Doc 9137- AN/898 Airport Services Manual - Part
1 - Rescue and Firefighting
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Categories 1, 2, 3,
4, and 5
1
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Categories 6 and 7
2
Categories 8, 9, and
10
3
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2.2
Ports
Seaports
exporting/importing explosives, gases, liquids, or solids listed as hazardous
cargo
Special level
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Level 1
1
Levels II and III
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Dedicated LNG ports
Receiving ships or
devices with a storage capacity of 8000 m3 or more
1
3
Production
establishments
3.1
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Total capacity of 600
MW to under 1200 MW
1
Total capacity of
1200 MW or more
2
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3.2
Hydropower plants
Total capacity of
1000 MW or more
1
3.3
Thermal or hydropower
plants
Hydropower plants
with a total capacity below 1000 MW, or thermal power plants with a total
capacity below 600 MW
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1
3.4
Textile factories
Capacity from 25
million m2/year
1
3.5
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Regardless of
capacity
2
3.6
Gas processing
establishments
Capacity of 10 million
m3/day or more
1
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4
Industrial parks,
industrial clusters
4.1
Industrial parks
Total area of more
than 300 ha
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4.2
Industrial parks,
industrial clusters
Total area from 75 ha
to 300 ha
1
4.3
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Total area of less
than 75 ha
1
(1) Applicable to
storage units provided with automatic fire extinguishing systems and fixed
firefighting and cooling systems, installed for storage tanks and pumping
stations for petroleum and petroleum products. For storage units not provided
with automatic fire extinguishing systems and fixed firefighting and cooling
systems for storage tanks and pumping stations for petroleum and petroleum
products, mobile firefighting facilities must be provided at twice the
quantity specified in this Table.
(2) Portable fire
pumps must meet the minimum flow rate and discharge pressure specified for
pump type B-1 in Table of TCVN 12110.
NOTE 1: Project
constructions that are adjacent or have a firefighting service radius not
exceeding 3 km and are operated by the same designated agency or
organization, mobile firefighting facilities may be provided based on the
project construction with the greater requirement. The remaining project
construction is required to provide 1 portable fire pump.
NOTE 2: Portable fire
pumps may be replaced with fire trucks.
NOTE 3: For areas
developed under investment phases in accordance with construction laws,
mobile firefighting facilities may be provided in accordance with the scale
of each investment phase.
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APPENDIX E
(Regulation)
Regulations on provision of basic
demolition tools
Table
E.1 - Regulations on provision of basic demolition tools
NO.
Entity
Scale
Quantity
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Production buildings
Regardless
of scale
1 set of basic
demolition tools, including:
- Axe (minimum weight
of 2 kg, high-carbon steel);
- Crowbar (one
pointed end and one flat end; minimum length of 100 cm);
- Hammer (high-carbon
steel, minimum weight of 5 kg);
- Bolt cutter
(minimum cutting load of 60 kg)
2.
Standalone storage
units
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Apartment buildings,
collective housing, hotels, guesthouses, motels, and other accommodation
service establishments
4.
Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; schools (primary schools; lower secondary schools; upper
secondary schools; general schools with multiple levels; colleges; junior
colleges; professional secondary schools; vocational schools; technical worker
schools); hospitals
5.
Passenger and cargo
terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; urban railway
passenger stations and depots; cable car stations; service buildings within
seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations, and rest stops
6.
Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing
karaoke or nightclub services, and buildings with similar functions; theaters
and cinemas
7.
Grade-1 markets,
grade-2 markets, and shopping centers
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APPENDIX F
(Regulation)
Regulations on provision of gas masks
and self-contained breathing apparatus
Table
F.1 - Regulations on provision of gas masks and self-contained breathing
apparatus
NO.
Entity
Scale,
characteristics
Quantity
(units)
1.
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Height of 3 storeys
or more
Provide gas masks on
all storeys at the rate of 1 mask per person (including both guests and
regular on-site staff)
2.
Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing
karaoke or nightclub services, and buildings with similar functions
Regardless of scale
Provide gas masks on
all storeys. The number of masks on each storey is calculated based on the
maximum number of people simultaneously present in the largest room on that
storey, at the rate of 1 mask per person
3.
Gas processing
establishments
Capacity of 10
million m3/day or more
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4.
Oil refineries; petrochemical
factories; refining and petrochemical factories
Regardless of scale
5.
Storage units for
petroleum and petroleum products
Total volume of
100000 m3 or more
6.
Hydropower plants
Total capacity of
1000 MW or more
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Thermal power plants
Total capacity of 600
MW or more
8.
Textile factories
Capacity from 25
million m2/year
9.
Industrial parks
Total area of 75 ha
or more
10.
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Belonging to grade I
constructions or higher, and engaging in the import/export of explosives or flammable
gases, liquids, or solids listed as hazardous goods
APPENDIX G
(Regulation)
Regulations on provision of public
address and evacuation guidance systems
Table
G.1 - Regulations on provision of public address and evacuation guidance
systems
NO.
Entity
Scale
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Apartment buildings,
buildings, and public constructions subject to fire prevention and
firefighting management
More than 10 storeys
high, or having 2 or more basements
2.
Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing
karaoke or nightclub services, and buildings with similar functions; theaters
and cinemas; hospitals; nursing homes
From 50 people per
storey or more
3.
Enclosed automobile
and motorcycle parking buildings (including both standalone parking buildings
and parking areas inside mixed buildings with other functions)
Total floor area of
18000 m2 or more
4.
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Total floor area of
18000 m2 or more, and 300 people or more per storey
5.
Road traffic tunnels
(road tunnels for automobiles)
Length of 500 m or
more
6.
Passenger and cargo
terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and depots; urban railway
passenger stations and depots
Regardless of scale
APPENDIX H
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Requirements for system design and installation
H.1 Requirements for
the design and installation of outdoor firefighting water supply systems
H.1.1 Pressure of
outdoor firefighting water supply systems
H.1.1.1 The
firefighting water supply piping system may be either a high-pressure or low-pressure
piping system. In high-pressure firefighting water supply pipelines, the
required firefighting pressure is generated by fixed fire pumps; when
maintaining high pressure, calculations must ensure the piping system's working
pressure is not exceeded. For high-pressure pipelines, fire pumps must be able
to operate within 5 minutes after receiving a fire alarm signal.
H.1.1.2 The minimum
free pressure in low-pressure firefighting water supply pipelines (measured at
an elevation equal to ground level) during firefighting shall be at least 10 m
of water column. The minimum free pressure in high-pressure firefighting water
piping networks must ensure that the height of the compact water jet is at
least 10 m of water column at the required maximum firefighting flow rate, when
fire nozzles are located at the highest point of the building. The free
pressure in combined domestic/production water supply piping networks shall be
at least 10 m of water column and no more than 60 m of water column. To conform
with the technical-economic conditions, either a low-pressure or a
high-pressure system may be selected.
H.1.2 Outdoor
firefighting water flow rate
H.1.2.1 The outdoor
firefighting water flow rate (calculated for 1 fire) and the number of
simultaneous fires within a residential area for a closed-loop primary piping
network shall comply with Table H.1.
H.1.2.2 The outdoor
firefighting water flow rate (for 1 fire) for buildings classified as fire
hazard groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 by function, calculated for combined pipelines
and distribution pipelines of the network, as well as the piping network within
a small cluster (1 neighborhood, 1 row of houses, and equivalent) shall comply
with Table H.2.
H.1.2.3 The outdoor
firefighting water flow rate for buildings classified as fire hazard group F5
by functions, calculated for 1 fire, shall be based on the building with the
maximum required value as specified in Table H.3 and Table H.4.
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NOTE 2: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for standalone auxiliary buildings shall comply
with Table H.2, similarly to buildings classified as fire hazard groups F2, F3,
and F4 by function. If they are located within production buildings, the flow
rate shall be calculated based on the total volume of the production building,
and in accordance with Table H.3.
NOTE 3: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for agricultural and rural development buildings
with fire resistance grades I or II and a volume not exceeding 5000 m3,
fire hazard classes D or E, shall be 5 L/s.
NOTE 4: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for radio and television stations shall not
depend on the station’s volume or the number of people living in the area where
the stations are located. It must be no less than 15 L/s, even if Tables H.3
and H.4 specify a lower flow rate.
NOTE 5: For buildings
with fire resistance grade II made of wood, the water flow rate for outdoor firefighting
shall be higher than 5 L/s compared to Tables H.3 and H.4.
NOTE 6: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings and areas of refrigerated storage
units for food shall follow the flow rate applicable to buildings with a fire
hazard class C.
NOTE 7: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for container storage establishments containing
goods shall depend on the number of containers, as follows:
- 30-50 containers: 15
L/s;
- 51-100 containers: 20
L/s;
- 101-300 containers:
25 L/s;
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- 1001-1500 containers:
60 L/s;
- 1501-2000 containers:
80 L/s;
- More than 2000
containers: 100 L/s;
NOTE 8: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for fixed storage units for explosives,
industrial explosive precursors, weapons, or combat gear; road traffic tunnels;
and electrical substations shall be at least 10 L/s;
NOTE 9: The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for thermal power plants, oil refineries,
petrochemical factories, gas processing facilities, biofuel production
factories, storage units for petroleum and petroleum products, storage units
for liquefied gases, as well as ports importing/exporting petroleum and
petroleum products, shall follow the applicable standards and regulations.
Table H.1 – Water flow
rate from piping networks for outdoor firefighting in residential areas
Population,
x
1000 people
Number
of simultaneous fires
Water
flow rate for outdoor firefighting for 1 fire, L/s
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Buildings
of up to 3 storeys, regardless of fire resistance grade
<
1
1
5
10
>
1 and ≤ 5
1
10
10
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1
10
15
>
10 and ≤ 25
2
10
15
>
25 and ≤ 50
2
...
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25
>
50 and ≤ 100
2
25
35
>
100 and ≤ 200
3
40
40
...
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3
55
>
300 and ≤ 400
3
70
>
400 and ≤ 500
3
80
>
500 and ≤ 600
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85
>
600 and ≤ 700
3
90
>
700 and ≤ 800
3
95
>
800 and ≤ 1000
3
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>
1 000
5
110
NOTE 1: The water
flow rate for outdoor firefighting in residential areas shall not be less
than the water flow rate required for buildings according to Table H.2.
NOTE 2: When
supplying water by zones, the water flow rate for outdoor firefighting and
the number of simultaneous fires in each zone shall be determined based on
the number of residents in the zone.
NOTE 3: For systems
of grouped piping networks (common networks), the number of simultaneous
fires shall be based on the total population of the connected clusters. The
water flow rate to replenish firefighting water in the grouped piping network
shall be determined by the total water flow for residential areas
(corresponding to the number of simultaneous fires) for firefighting, in
compliance with the regulations under H.1.3.3 and H.1.3.4.
NOTE 4: The
calculated number of simultaneous fires in a residential area shall include
fires in production buildings and storage units within that area. In that
case, the calculated water flow rate also includes the corresponding
firefighting water flow rate for those buildings, but shall not be less than
the values specified in Table H.1.
Table
H.2 – Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings classified as fire
hazard groups F1, F2, F3, and F4 by function
Type
of building
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≤
1
>
1 and ≤ 5
>
5 and ≤ 25
>
25 and ≤ 50
>
50
1. Buildings of
groups F1.3 and F1.4 with one or more units, with number of storeys:
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≤ 3
10(1)
10(1)
15
15
20
> 3 and ≤ 12
10
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15
20
20
> 12 and ≤ 16
-
20
20
25
25
...
...
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-
20
25
25
30
2. Buildings of
groups F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3, and F4, with number of storeys:
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≤ 3
10(1)
10(1)
15
20
25
> 3 and ≤ 12
10
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20
25
30
> 12 and ≤ 16
-
20
25
30
35
...
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-
25
30
30
35
(1) For buildings in
rural areas, the water flow rate for 1 fire is 5 L/s.
NOTE 1: If the
capacity of the outdoor piping network is insufficient to deliver the
calculated firefighting water flow rate, or when connected to a dead-end
piping network, it is necessary to consider installing tanks or reservoirs
with volumes sufficient to supply water for outdoor firefighting for 3 hours.
NOTE 2: In
residential areas without a firefighting water piping network, tanks or
reservoirs must be provided to ensure firefighting for 3 hours.
Table
H.3 – Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings group F5 with roof
openings, regardless of building width, as well as buildings without roof
openings with a width not exceeding 60 m
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Structural
fire hazard class of building
Fire
and explosion hazard class of building
Water
flow rate for outdoor firefighting, calculated for 1 fire, L/s, by building
volume, 1000 m3
<3
>
3 and ≤ 5
>
5 and ≤ 20
>
20 and ≤ 50
>
50 and ≤ 200
>
200 and ≤ 400
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>
600
I
and II
S0,
S1
D,
E
10
10
10
10
15
...
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25
35
I
and II
S0,
S1
A,
B, C
10
10
15
20
...
...
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35
40
50
III
S0,
S1
D,
E
10
10
15
...
...
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35
40
45
-
III
S0
A,
B, C
10
15
...
...
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30
45
60
75
-
IV
S0,
S1
D,
E
10
...
...
...
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20
30
40
50
60
-
IV
S0,
S1
A,
B, C
...
...
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20
25
40
60
80
100
-
IV
S2,
S3
...
...
...
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10
15
20
30
45
-
-
-
IV
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A,
B, C
15
20
25
40
65
-
-
-
...
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-
E
10
15
20
30
55
-
-
...
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V
-
C
15
20
25
40
70
-
...
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-
Table
H.4 – Water flow rate for outdoor firefighting for buildings of group F5
without roof openings and a width exceeding 60 m
Fire
resistance grade of building
Structural
fire hazard class of building
Fire
and explosion hazard class of building
Water
flow rate for outdoor firefighting, calculated for 1 fire, L/s, by building
volume, 1000 m3
≤
50
>
50 and ≤ 100
>
100 and ≤ 200
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>
300 and ≤ 400
>
400 and ≤ 500
>
500 and ≤ 600
>
600 and ≤ 700
>
700
I
and II
S0,
S1
A,
B, C
20
...
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40
50
60
70
80
90
100
I
and II
S0
...
...
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10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
...
...
...
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S0,
S1
A,
B, C
40
50
60
60
70
80
90
...
...
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110
III
S0,
S1
D,
E
20
35
40
40
45
...
...
...
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50
50
60
IV
S0,
S1
A,
B, C
50
60
65
...
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80
90
-
-
-
IV
S0,
S1
D,
E
35
...
...
...
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55
60
65
70
75
80
90
IV
S2,
S3
...
...
...
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40
50
60
-
-
-
-
-
-
...
...
...
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H.1.2.4 The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for a building separated into compartments by
firewalls shall follow the portion of the building that requires the highest
flow rate.
H.1.2.5 The water flow
rate for outdoor firefighting for a building separated by fire partitions shall
be determined based on the total volume of the building and the highest class
of fire and explosion hazard.
H.1.2.6 The
firefighting water flow rate must be ensured even when the flow rate for other
demands is at its maximum, specifically, the following must be taken into
account:
- Domestic water use;
- Sole proprietorship
households;
- Industrial and
agricultural production establishments where the required drinking-water quality
or economic considerations do not justify a separate pipeline;
- Water treatment
stations, piping networks, canals, and equivalents;
- Where technological
conditions allow, part of the industrial water may be used for firefighting. In
such cases, hydrants on the industrial water network must be connected to
hydrants on the firefighting water piping network to ensure the required
firefighting water flow rate.
H.1.2.7 Outdoor
firefighting water supply systems of an establishment (including water piping,
pumping stations, and firefighting water tanks or reservoirs) must ensure
reliability such that water supply is not interrupted for more than 10 minutes
and the flow rate is not reduced by more than 30% of the calculated flow rate
within 3 days.
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H.1.3.1 The calculated
number of simultaneous fires for an industrial or agricultural establishment
shall be determined based on the area of that establishment, specifically:
- If the area is up to
150 ha, the number shall be 1 fire;
- If the area is up to
150 ha, the number shall be 2 fires;
The calculated number
of simultaneous fires in an open or enclosed storage unit containing wood
materials shall be determined as follows: if the storage unit area is up to 50
ha, the number shall be 1 fire; if the area exceeds 50 ha, the number shall be
2 fires.
NOTE: For the purpose
of calculating the outdoor firefighting water supply system, the area of the
establishment refers to the land area of the establishment (excluding forest
land, park/green space land, agricultural cultivation land, or similar land on
which no constructions are present ).
H.1.3.2 When the
firefighting water pipelines of a residential area and an industrial
establishment located outside the residential area are combined, the calculated
number of simultaneous fires shall be determined as follows:
- When the industrial
establishment has an area of up to 150 ha and the residential area has a
population of up to 10000 people, the number shall be 1 fire (the water flow
rate shall be taken based on whichever side requires more). Similarly, for a
residential population from 10000 to 25000 people, the number shall be 2 fires
(1 fire for the industrial establishment, and 1 fire for the residential area);
- When the industrial
establishment has an area of more than 150 ha and the residential area has a
population of up to 25000 people, the number shall be 2 fires (either 2 fires
calculated for the industrial establishment, or 2 fires calculated for the
residential area, whichever requires the larger water flow rate);
- When the residential
area has a population exceeding 25000 people, the number shall be 2 fires, in
which the water flow rate for 1 fire is determined as the sum of the larger
required flow rate (either for the industrial establishment or the residential
area), and 50% of the smaller required flow rate (either for the industrial
establishment or the residential area).
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- For buildings with
fire resistance grades I and II, with structures and thermal insulation made of
non-combustible materials, and with areas classified as fire hazard classes D
and E, the duration shall be 2 hours.
- For nurseries,
kindergartens, preschools, other preschool education establishments as
prescribed by education law, and buildings of fire hazard groups F4.1 and F4.3
by function, located in rural areas, with fire resistance grades I and II, with
structures and thermal insulation made of non-combustible materials, not
exceeding 3 storeys in height, and with a total floor area of up to 500 m2,
the duration shall be 1 hour;
- For nurseries,
kindergartens, preschools, other preschool education establishments as
prescribed by education law, and buildings of fire hazard groups F4.1 and F4.3
by function, located in rural areas, with fire resistance grades I and II, with
structures and thermal insulation made of non-combustible materials, not
exceeding 3 storeys in height, and with a total floor area of up to 500 m2,
it is permitted to use indoor fire hydrant outlet systems in place of outdoor
firefighting water supply systems;
- For open-type storage
units containing wood materials, the duration shall not be less than 5 hours;
- For building with the
outdoor firefighting water supply requirements specified in Tables H.2, H.3,
and H.4 of up to 15 L/s (for buildings of groups F1, F2, F3, and F4) and up to
20 L/s (for buildings of group F5), the duration shall be 1 hour.
H.1.3.4 The maximum time
allowed for replenishing the firefighting water reserve shall not exceed:
24 hours – for
residential areas with more than 5000 people or industrial establishments with
buildings classified as fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, and C.
36 hours – for
industrial establishments with buildings classified as fire hazard classes D
and E.
72 hours – for
residential areas with up to 5000 people or for agricultural establishments.
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48 hours – for
buildings classified as fire hazard classes D and E.
36 hours – for
buildings classified as fire hazard class C.
NOTE 2: If it is not
possible to replenish the firefighting water reserve within the prescribed
time, an additional reserve volume W must be provided, calculated according to
the formula:
Where:
∆W is the additional
reserve water volume, in cubic meters (m3);
W is the required
firefighting reserve water volume, in cubic meters (m3);
K is the ratio between
the actual replenishment time and the required replenishment time specified in H.1.3.4.
H.1.4 Fire safety
requirements for piping networks
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H.1.4.2 The outdoor
firefighting water piping network must be a looped network. Dead-end pipelines
are permitted when supplying firefighting water or combined
domestic/firefighting water, provided that the pipeline length does not exceed
200 m, regardless of the required firefighting water flow rate.
It is not permitted to
loop the outdoor piping network through the indoor piping network of buildings
or and constructions.
In residential areas of
up to 5000 people, and with outdoor firefighting water supply requirements up
to 10 L/s, or where the number of indoor fire hydrant outlets per building is
up to 12 outlets, dead-end pipelines longer than 200 m are permitted if a
storage tank, pressurized water tower, or regulating reservoir is constructed
for the dead-end network, containing the entire required firefighting water
volume.
H.1.4.3 Pipelines must
be divided into sections by shut-off valves so that, during repairs, no more
than 5 fire hydrants are taken out of service.
H.1.4.4 Valves on
pipelines of all diameters, when remotely operated or automatically operated,
must be electrically actuated valves.
The use of pneumatic,
hydraulic, or solenoid valves is permitted.
When not remotely or
automatically operated, shut-off valves with a diameter of up to 400 mm may be
manually operated; valves with a diameter of more than 400 mm must be electric
or hydraulic; in justified cases, manual valves with a diameter of more than
400 mm are permitted.
In all cases, valves
must be capable of manual opening and closing.
H.1.4.5 The diameter of
the supply pipe and the network following the supply pipe must be calculated on
the basis of the following:
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- Operating conditions
when individual sections are isolated during an emergency.
The diameter of outdoor
firefighting water supply pipes for residential areas and industrial
establishments must not be less than 100 mm; for rural areas - not less than 75
mm.
H.1.4.6 Fire hydrants
must be arranged at a distance not greater than 2,5 m from the edge of the
road, and not closer than 1 m from building walls. Hydrants (including
underground hydrants) may be arranged within the traffic roads.
H.1.4.7 Buildings and
constructions specified in Items 1 to 9 of Appendix C must have fire hydrants
arranged, ensuring a horizontal service radius not exceeding 400 m to any point
of the building. For buildings and constructions requiring a flow rate of 25
L/s or more, there must be at least 2 hydrants, each providing a service radius
of no more than 400 m to any point of the building.
Constructions specified
in Item 10 of Appendix C must have outdoor fire hydrants arranged along the
traffic road to ensure a maximum spacing between hydrants of 150 m.
NOTE: In water supply
networks serving residential points of up to 500 people, 3-way hydrants may be
replaced with a vertical DN 80 mm pipe section equipped with a fire hydrant
outlet.
For constructions
designed with a high-pressure outdoor firefighting water supply system,
hydrants may be replaced with 2-way DN65 fire hydrant outlets.
H.1.5 Requirements for outdoor firefighting
water storage tanks and reservoirs.
H.1.5.1 Water supply
tanks and reservoirs, according to their functions, must include volumes for
regulation, firefighting, emergency supply, and priming water.
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H.1.5.3 The
firefighting water volume in the tanks and reservoirs must be calculated to
ensure the following:
- The supply of water
for outdoor fire hydrants and other firefighting systems;
- The supply for
dedicated fire extinguishing devices (sprinklers, drenchers, and equivalents)
that do not have their own separate tank;
- The maximum water
demand for domestic use and production throughout the firefighting process.
H.1.5.4 Ponds, lakes,
rivers, reservoirs, etc., intended for fire trucks to draw water from must have
an access route and a water-drafting dock with a surface capable of bearing the
load of a fire truck.
When determining the
firefighting water volume in tanks and reservoirs, it is permitted to account
for water replenishment during the firefighting period, provided that the water
supply system meets the requirements specified in H.1.2.7.
Figure
H.1. Specifications for a water-drafting dock for fire trucks.
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(2) Dock surface
capable of bearing the load of a fire truck, with a level surface. If the
surface is inclined, the slope must not exceed 1:15.
(3) Guardrail with a
height of 0,8 m.
CSHN: Maximum suction
depth for the fire truck at the dock ≤ 7 m.
MNCN: Highest water
level.
MNTN: Lowest water
level ≤ 5 m below the dock surface.
H: Minimum difference
between MNCN and MNTN is 0,7 m.
H.1.5.5 When water
supply is provided through 1 supply pipeline, an additional volume of water for
firefighting, as specified in H.1.5.3, must be reserved.
It is permitted not to
account for the additional firefighting water volume when the length of the
single supply pipeline does not exceed 500 m for residential areas with a
population of up to 5000 people, as well as for entities whose required outdoor
firefighting water flow rate does not exceed 40 L/s.
H.1.5.6 The total
number of firefighting tanks/reservoirs in a piping network must be not less
than 2 (not applicable to tanks/reservoirs intended for outdoor water supply of
standalone constructions). Among the tanks/reservoirs in the network, the
minimum and maximum water levels for firefighting water must correspond to each
other.
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H.1.5.7 The
firefighting water volume of tanks, reservoirs, and artificial ponds is
determined based on the calculation of water consumption and firefighting
duration as specified in H.1.2.2, H.1.2.3, H.1.2.4, H1.2.5, H.1.2.6, and
H.1.3.3.
NOTE: When calculating
the firefighting water volume of any open artificial ponds, water evaporation
and freezing must be taken into account.
H.1.5.8 To increase the
service scope, it is permitted to install dead-end pipelines with a length of
no more than 200 m from tanks, reservoirs, and artificial ponds to intermediate
tanks (water collection pits), ensuring conformity with H.1.5.7.
H.1.5.9 When it is not
possible to pump firefighting water directly from tanks, reservoirs, ponds,
lakes, etc., using a mobile pump vehicle or a portable pump, collection pits
with a volume of 3 m3 or more must be provided. The diameter of the
pipe connecting tanks, reservoirs, or ponds to the collection pits must comply
with the calculated water flow conditions for outdoor firefighting and be no
less than 200 mm. A valve box must be installed on the connecting pipe to
control water flow, and the valve must be operable from outside the box. The
end of the connecting pipe on the water source side must be fitted with a
strainer.
Figure
H.2. Specifications for water supply pipes and collection pits for fire trucks
to draw water.
LEGEND
(1) Cover of the
collection pit.
(2) Collection pit with
a volume of 3 m3 or more and a depth of 1,5 or more.
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(4) Water supply pipe
with a diameter of 200 mm or more per pump vehicle and a length of up to 200 m.
(5) Trash strainer.
H.1.5.10 Pressurized
tanks/reservoirs for firefighting must be provided with a water level gauge and
a water level signal device to alert the pump station or water distribution station.
Pressurized
tanks/reservoirs in high-pressure firefighting water systems must be provided
with a device to automatically stop water supply to the tanks or towers when
the fire pump is operating.
Pressurized
tanks/reservoirs that use compressed air must have a backup compressor in
addition to the operating compressor.
H.2 Requirements for
the design and installation of indoor fire hydrant outlet systems
H.2.1 Residential
buildings, public buildings, and administrative-auxiliary buildings of industrial
constructions must be equipped with an indoor fire hydrant outlet system, with
the minimum firefighting water flow rate determined according to Table H.5; for
production buildings and storage units, the required flow rate is determined
according to Table H.6. When determining the necessary firefighting water flow
rate, the calculation must be based on the height of the solid water jet and
the nozzle diameter, as specified in Table H.7. In this case, the simultaneous
operation of fire hydrant outlets and other firefighting systems must be taken
into account.
Based on the water supply
flow rate, fire hydrant outlets are classified as follows:
- Low flow rate (from
0,2 L/s to 1,5 L/s). Devices for low-flow indoor fire hydrant outlets have
diameters of DN 5, DN 10, DN 15, DN 20, DN 25, and DN 40;
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Based on the protected
entity's function, the plans for the provision of fire hydrant outlet systems
specified in H.2.18 may be selected. Where low-flow fire hydrant outlets are
used, the total water supply flow rate and the height of the solid water jet
must meet the requirements specified in Tables H.6, H.6, and H.7.
Table
H.5 – Number of firefighting water jets and minimum water flow rate for indoor
fire hydrant outlet systems
Residential
buildings and public constructions
Number
of firefighting jets per storey
Minimum
indoor firefighting water flow rate per jet, L/s
1. Apartment
buildings, collective housing
≤ 16 storeys, with
common corridor length ≤ 10 m
1
2,5
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2
2,5
> 16 and ≤ 25 ,
with common corridor length ≤ 10 m
2
2,5
> 16 and ≤ 25 ,
with common corridor length > 10 m
3
2,5
2. Administrative
buildings 1)
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1
2,5
≤ 10 storeys and
volume > 25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and
volume ≤ 25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and
volume > 25000 m3
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2,5
3. Club rooms with a
stage, theaters, cinemas, and rooms provided with audio-visual systems (for
community activities, conferences, and similar purposes)
≤ 300 seats
2
2,5
> 300 seats
2
5,0
4. Dormitories and
public buildings (excluding Items 2 and 3) 2)
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1
2,5
≤ 10 storeys and
volume > 25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and
volume ≤ 25000 m3
2
2,5
> 10 storeys and
volume > 25000 m3
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2,5
5. Administrative-auxiliary
buildings of industrial constructions with a volume as follows:
≤ 25000 m3
1
2,5
> 25000 m3
2
2,5
1) Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research establishments.
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- Individual houses
combined with production or business activities.
- Apartment buildings
constructed with mixed-use purposes; dormitories; hotels, guesthouses, and
motels; buildings within resorts or other accommodation service
establishments; mixed-use buildings.
- Nurseries,
kindergartens, preschools, and other preschool education establishments in
accordance with the law on education.
- Primary schools;
lower secondary schools; upper secondary schools; general schools with
multiple levels; colleges; junior colleges; professional secondary schools;
vocational schools; technical worker schools; buildings of other educational
institutions as prescribed by education law; medical examination and
treatment buildings, patient accommodation of hospitals, maternity homes,
health stations, general and specialized clinics, emergency centers,
buildings for convalescence, rehabilitation, and orthopaedics, nursing homes,
buildings of epidemic prevention and control establishments, and buildings of
other health establishments as prescribed by the Law on Medical Examination
and Treatment.
- Buildings of
entertainment constructions, aquariums, and buildings of art performance or
other cultural activity establishments; museums, exhibition buildings, and
display buildings; buildings used for religious or belief purposes (excluding
family ancestral worship houses), and historical-cultural monuments at the
provincial level or higher; stadiums, sports arena, sports training building,
and buildings of other sports establishment established under the Law on
Physical Training and Sports; vehicle inspection workshops within motor
vehicle inspection centers.
- Theaters, cinemas,
and circuses.
- Libraries; cultural
houses, convention centers, multi-purpose buildings; buildings of other
service-business establishments; electronic stores, department stores,
convenience stores, furniture stores, clothing stores, bedding stores,
bookstores, joss-paper stores, and other stores selling flammable goods.
- Buildings used as
headquarters or offices; buildings within specialized research
establishments; post offices, postal stations, and buildings within other
postal and telecommunications service establishments.
- Buildings used for
providing karaoke or nightclub services under establishments providing
karaoke or nightclub services.
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- Air traffic control
tower; passenger and cargo terminals at airports; railway cargo stations and
depots; cable car stations; urban railway passenger stations and depots;
service buildings within seaports and inland waterway ports, bus stations,
and rest stops.
NOTE 1: The number of
firefighting water jets and water flow rate for firefighting in road tunnels
must be at least 1 firefighting jet per fire point, each with a flow rate of
5 L/s.
NOTE 2: The number of
fire nozzles and minimum water flow rate for each indoor firefighting jet
inside enclosed automobile-parking buildings must meet the following:
- When the fire
compartment volume is from 500 to 5000 m3: 2 nozzles and 2,5 L/s
per jet;
- When the fire
compartment volume is greater than 5000 m3: 2 nozzles and 5 L/s
per jet.
It is permitted not
to install indoor firefighting water supply pipelines for one and two-storey
car-parking buildings (compartment-type) that have a direct exit to the
outdoors from each compartment.
Table
H.6 – Number of firefighting water jets and minimum water flow rate for indoor
firefighting for production buildings and storage units
Fire
resistance grade of building
Fire
and explosion hazard class of building
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Number
of firefighting jets and minimum water flow rate, L/s, per jet, for
indoor firefighting for production buildings and storage units with fire
protection and firefighting height of up to 50 m, and based on volume, 1000
m3
≤
150
>
150
I,
II
A,
B, C
S0,
S1
2
x 2,5
3
x 2,5
D,
E
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1
x 2,5
1
x 2,5
III
A,
B, C
S0
2
x 2,5
3
x 2,5
D,
E
S0,
S1
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2
x 2,5
IV
A,
B
S0
2
x 2,5
3
x 2,5
C
S0,
S1
2
x 2,5
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C
S2,
S3
3
x 2,5
4
x 2,5
D,
E
S0,
S1, S2, S3
1
x 2,5
2
x 2,5
V
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Not
specified
2
x 2,5
2
x 5
D,
E
Not
specified
1
x 2,5
2
x 2,5
Table
H.7 – Firefighting water flow rate depending on solid water jet height and
nozzle diameter
Solid
water jet height, m
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Pressure,
MPa,
of fire hydrant with hose length, m
Flow
rate of nozzle, L/s
Pressure,
MPa,
of fire hydrant with hose length, m
Flow
rate of nozzle, L/s
Pressure,
MPa,
of fire hydrant with hose length, m
10
15
20
10
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20
10
15
20
Nozzle
diameter, mm
13
16
19
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6
-
-
-
-
2,6
0,092
0,096
0,100
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0,088
0,096
0,104
8
-
-
-
-
2,9
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0,125
0,130
4,1
0,129
0,138
0,148
10
-
-
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-
3,3
0,151
0,157
0,164
4,6
0,160
0,173
0,185
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2,6
0,202
0,206
0,210
3,7
0,192
0,196
0,210
5,2
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0,223
0,240
14
2,8
0,236
0,241
0,245
4,2
0,248
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0,263
-
-
-
-
16
3,2
0,316
0,322
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4,6
0,293
0,300
0,318
-
-
-
-
18
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0,390
0,398
0,406
5,1
0,360
0,380
0,400
-
-
...
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-
Fire
hydrant DN 65 (1)
6
-
-
-
-
2,6
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0,089
0,090
3,4
0,078
0,080
0,083
8
-
-
...
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...
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-
2,9
0,110
0,112
0,114
4,1
0,114
0,117
0,121
...
...
...
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-
-
-
-
3,3
0,140
0,143
0,146
4,6
...
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0,147
0,151
12
2,6
0,198
0,199
0,201
3,7
0,180
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0,186
5,2
0,182
0,190
0,199
14
2,8
0,23
0,231
...
...
...
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4,2
0,230
0,233
0,235
5.7
0,218
0,224
0,230
16
...
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...
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0,31
0,313
0,315
4,6
0,276
0,280
0,284
6,3
0,266
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...
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0,280
18
3,6
0,38
0,383
0,385
5,1
0,338
0,342
...
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7,0
0,329
0,338
0,348
20
4,0
0,464
0,467
0,470
...
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0,412
0,424
0,418
7,5
0,372
0,385
0,397
(1) DN – Abbreviation of
Diameter Nominal – nominal internal diameter, measured in millimetres (mm).
H.2.2 To calculate the
pump capacity and the reserve firefighting water volume, the number of water
jets and the water flow rate for indoor firefighting in public buildings for
the parts of the building located at a fire prevention and firefighting height
greater than 40 m must be at least 4 jets, each with a flow rate of 2,5 L/s.
For buildings in group F5, with fire and explosion hazard classes A, B, and C,
and a fire prevention and firefighting height above 50 m, the requirement is 4
jets, each with a flow rate of 5 L/s.
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- When unprotected
steel structures are used in buildings of fire resistance grades III and IV
(groups S2 and S3), as well as natural wood or engineered wood structures (in
this case, wood treated with fire-retardant protection), an additional 5 L/s
must be added;
- Where combustible
materials encase the structure of a building of fire resistance grade IV
(groups S2 and S3), an additional 5 L/s must be added for buildings with a
volume of up to 10000 m3. For buildings with a volume greater than
10000 m3, an additional 5 L/s must be added for each additional
100000 m3, or for any fractional part of an additional 100000 m3.
H.2.4 The number of
firefighting jets per fire point shall be 2 jets for constructions that require
2 or more jets.
H.2.5 For building
sections with different functional areas, the firefighting water flow rate must
be calculated separately for each section in accordance with the regulations
under H.2.1 and H.2.2. The total indoor firefighting water flow rate shall then
be determined according to the following regulations:
- For buildings not
separated by firewalls, the calculation must be based on the overall building
volume;
- For buildings
separated by type 1 or type 2 firewalls, the calculation must be based on the
volume of the building section requiring the higher water flow rate.
When buildings of fire
resistance grades I and II are connected by passageways made of non-combustible
materials and fitted with fire doors, the volume used to determine the
firefighting water flow rate is the individual volume of each building. If no
fire doors are provided, the calculation must use the combined volume, based on
the higher fire and explosion hazard classification.
H.2.6 The static
pressure in the domestic water firefighting system, measured at
sanitary-technical devices installed at the lowest water level, shall not
exceed 0,45 MPa.
When calculating, if
the pressure in the firefighting system exceeds 0,45 MPa, a separate firefighting
network must be installed.
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When the pressure
between the valve and the coupling of the fire hydrant outlet exceeds 0,45 MPa,
a pressure-reducing solution must be provided.
H.2.7 The free pressure
of the fire hydrant outlet must ensure the required height of the solid water
jet for firefighting at all times of the day, for the highest and farthest
zones. The minimum height and operating radius of the solid water jet must be
equal to the height of the zone, measured from the floor to the highest point
of the beam (ceiling), but not less than the following values:
- For residential
buildings, public buildings, production buildings, and auxiliary buildings of
industrial constructions with a fire prevention and firefighting height of up
to 50 m: not less than 6 m;
- For residential
buildings with a fire prevention and firefighting height of more than 50 m: not
less than 8 m;
- For public buildings,
production buildings, and auxiliary buildings of industrial constructions with
a fire prevention and firefighting height of more than 50 m: not less than 16
m;
- For road tunnels: not
less than 6 m.
NOTE 1: The pressure of
the fire hydrant outlet must be calculated considering the pressure loss of a
10 m, 15 m, and 20 m fire hose.
NOTE 2: A DN 50 fire
hydrant must be used to obtain a solid water jet with a flow rate of up to 4
L/s; for higher flow rates, a DN 65 hydrant must be used. When justified by
technical-economic analysis, a DN 50 fire hydrant may be used for flow rates
above 4 L/s.
H.2.8 For an indoor
fire hydrant outlet system supplied from a fire pump without automatic control
or remote control, a pressure tank must be designed to ensure that, at all
times, the system can provide a solid water jet height of more than 4 m at the
highest storey or the storey immediately below the tank, and not less than 6 m
for all remaining storeys. In this case, the system must ensure the following
number of jets: 2 jets, each with a water flow rate of L,5 L/s for 10 minutes
when the calculated number of jets is 2 or more; 1 jet in all other cases.
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H.2.9 For buildings and
constructions provided only with an indoor fire hydrant outlet system, the
operating time of the fire hydrant outlet shall be 1 hour.
For indoor fire hydrant
outlet systems in buildings and constructions provided with automatic
water-based fire extinguishing systems, the operating time of the fire hydrant outlet
system shall be equal to the operating time of the automatic fire extinguishing
system.
H.2.10 For buildings
from 6 storeys and above, when connecting the domestic water system and the
firefighting water system, the risers must be looped at the top. In that case,
to ensure water circulation within the building, the risers must be looped with
one or several cross risers equipped with shut-off valves.
In dry-pipe
firefighting systems installed in areas with temperatures below 0 °C, the
shut-off valves must be installed in areas where freezing cannot occur.
H.2.11 The
determination of the location and number of risers and fire hydrant outlets
must ensure the following requirements:
- It is permitted to
install double hydrant outlets on risers in production buildings and public
buildings when the number of calculated water jets is not less than 3, and in
residential buildings, not less than 2;
- In residential
buildings with a corridor length of up to 10 m, when the number of water jets
is 2 per fire point, it is permitted to discharge 2 jets from one riser;
- In residential
buildings with a corridor length of more than 10 m, as well as in production
buildings and public buildings with 2 or more calculated water jets per fire
point, 2 jets must be supplied from 2 different fire cabinets (2 different
risers).
NOTE 1: Fire hydrant
outlets must be installed in technical storeys, attics, and technical basements
if they contain combustible materials or combustible structural components.
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NOTE 3: It is permitted
to increase the service radius of medium-flow and low-flow fire hydrant outlets
by connecting fire hoses to a total length of up to 40 m. In this case, hoses
must be hung folded on a rack and pre-connected to the hydrant and nozzle, or
hung in coil form with a structure that allows water to pass even when the hose
is still coiled.
H.2.12 Fire hydrant
outlets shall be installed so that the outlet is at a height of 1,20 m ± 0,15 m
above the floor and placed inside sealed fire cabinets. For double fire hydrant
outlets, it is permitted to install one outlet above and one below; in this
case, the lower outlet must be installed at a height not less than 1,0 m above
the floor.
H.2.13 Indoor fire
hydrant outlet systems in buildings and constructions must have a fire
department connection installed outside the building, equipped with a coupling
of appropriate size (minimum diameter DN65) for connection to mobile
firefighting facilities. For buildings with 17 storeys or more, the water
supply inlets for the indoor fire hydrant outlet system must be divided into
zones according to height, with each zone not exceeding 50. These inlets must
be equipped with check valves and have visible open/closed status indicators.
H.2.14 Indoor fire
hydrant outlets must be installed at the interior entrances of corridors (in
places not subject to freezing) of stairwells (except smokeproof stairwells),
in lobbies, corridors, passageways, and other easily accessible locations.
Their placement must not obstruct evacuation activities.
H.2.15 In areas
protected by an automatic fire extinguishing system, it is permitted to install
indoor fire hydrant outlets on DN65 or larger pipelines, downstream of the
sprinkler system control valve assembly.
H.2.16 In enclosed
areas where freezing may occur, the pipelines of the fire hydrant outlet system
downstream of the pump station may be dry pipe.
H.2.17 The valves used
to isolate water from dead-end branch pipelines must be arranged so that each
isolated section contains no more than 5 fire hydrant outlets on the same storey.
H.2.18 Depending on the
function of the protected entity, the following plans for providing fire
hydrant outlet systems may be selected:
- Plan 1: Use
medium-flow fire hydrant outlets. This plan is allowed for all types of
constructions;
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- Plan 3: Use low-flow
fire hydrant outlets. This plan is allowed for constructions equipped with an
automatic fire extinguishing system throughout the construction;
- Plan 4: Use a
combination of low-flow and medium-flow fire hydrant outlets. This plan is
allowed for residential buildings and public constructions.
NOTE: It is permitted
to combine multiple plans for the provision of fire hydrant outlets for a
single construction.
H.2.19 Constructions
required to be provided with both an indoor fire hydrant outlet system and an
automatic sprinkler system must have a water supply pipe from the fire pump
station to at least 1 two-way DN65 fire department connection outlet placed on
the exterior wall of the building on the side facing the roadway.
H.3 Fire pump stations
H.3.1 Fire pumps
supplying firefighting water, whether designed separately or combined with
domestic or industrial water systems, must be provided with backup pumps whose
flow rate and water supply pressure are not less than those of the main pump.
The required number of backup pumps is specified as follows:
- When calculations
require one to three main fire pumps, at least one backup pump is required;
- When calculations
require four or more main fire pumps, at least two backup pumps are required;
A pump station with 2
or more fire pumps must have at least 2 suction lines, and each suction line
must be designed to ensure the maximum required flow rate. When one suction
line fails or is under maintenance/repair, the pumps must still be able to draw
water from the remaining suction line. Each suction line and discharge line
must be fitted with valves to allow replacement or repair of any pump,
including check valves and main shut-off valves, as well as for inspecting pump
performance characteristics. The number of suction lines is not regulated when
the pump station uses vertical turbine pumps.
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It is permitted not to
install a backup pump when supplying water to production buildings or storage
units of fire resistance grade I or II, with fire hazard class D or E, and
where the required firefighting water flow rate is less than 20 L/s.
H.3.3 When the required
firefighting water flow is 25 L/s or more, the fire pumps must be equipped with
automatic control or remote control (from a monitoring room or from a fire
hydrant). Additionally, manual control must still be provided at the pump room.
The system must also ensure that the pump is activated and operating within 3
minutes after receiving a fire alarm signal.
H.4 Public address and
evacuation guidance system
- The public address
and evacuation guidance system must ensure that everyone in the building or
construction can clearly hear announcements and guidance during an incident.
- The sound signals
from the public address and evacuation guidance system must ensure an overall
sound level (the combined level of ambient noise and the sound from the warning
signals) of not less than 75 dBA at a distance of 3 m from the warning signal,
but not exceeding 120 dBA at any location.
- The sound signals
from the public address and evacuation guidance system must produce a sound
level at least 15 dBA louder than the ambient noise level in the room. Sound
level measurements shall be taken at a height of 1,5 m above the floor.
- In bedrooms, the
sound signals of the public address and evacuation guidance system must be at least
15 dBA louder than the ambient noise level in the room, and the overall sound
level must be between 70 dBA and 120 dBA. Sound level measurements shall be
taken at a height of 1,5 m above the floor.
- Wall-mounted fire
alarm and evacuation control devices must be arranged so that their top is at
least 2,3 m above the floor and at least 0,15 m below the ceiling.
- In protected rooms
where occupants use noise-reducing devices, as well as in rooms with noise
levels above 95 dBA, the public address and evacuation guidance system must be
combined with visual warning signals (using light). The use of flashing light
warning devices is permitted.
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- The number of voice
alarm and evacuation guidance devices, as well as their arrangement and
capacity, must ensure the required sound level in all occupied areas in
accordance with this Regulation.
REFERENCE
DOCUMENTS
[1] SP 486.1311500.2020
- List of buildings, structures, premises, and equipment protected by automatic
fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems;
[2] SP 484.1311500.2020
– Fire alarm and automation of the fire prevention and fighting system;
[3] TCVN 3890:2023 -
Fire protection - Fire protection equipments for building and construction -
Equipment, installation
[4] GB 55037-2022 –
National Standard of China for fire protection design of buildings;
[5] GB 50229-2019 –
National Standard of China for fire protection design of thermal power plants
and electrical substations;
[6] GB 50720-2011 –
National Standard of China for fire protection at construction sites;
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[8] JTJ 165-5-2021 –
Industry Standard of China for LNG (liquefied natural gas) terminal design;
[9] Singapore Fire Code
2018 – Fire safety code for buildings and construction;
[10] NPPC 606 –
National Fire Protection Standard of South Korea for fire and explosion safety
in construction sites.