QCVN 85:2025/BNNMT
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON EMISSIONS OF IN-USE
AUTOMOBILES
Foreword
QCVN 85:2025/BNNMT is
compiled by the Vietnam Environment Agency, approved by the Department of
Science and Technology, appraised by the Ministry of Science and Technology,
and promulgated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment under Circular
No. 06/2025/TT-BNNMT dated June 16, 2025.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON EMISSIONS OF IN-USE
AUTOMOBILES
1. GENERAL REGULATIONS
1.1. Scope
This Regulation specifies
the limit values of emissions parameters for in-use automobiles including
Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC) in the emissions of automobiles equipped
with spark-ignition engines, and the smoke opacity of emissions from
automobiles equipped with compression-ignition engines.
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1.2.1. This Regulation
applies to authorities, organizations and individuals owning in-use
automobiles; organizations and individuals engaging in inspection of emissions
of in-use automobiles; and relevant state management authorities.
1.2.2. This Regulation
does not apply to automobiles under management of the Ministry of National
Defense and Ministry of Public Security.
1.3. Definitions
For the purposes of this
Regulation, the terms below shall be construed as follows:
1.3.1. In-use automobiles
refer to automobiles prescribed in point a, clause 1, Article 34 of the Law on
Road Traffic Order and Safety, granted certificates of vehicle registration and
license plates in accordance with Vietnamese law (hereinafter referred to as
automobiles).
1.3.2. Spark-ignition
engine refers to an internal combustion engine that operates on the principle
of forced combustion using an external heat source.
1.3.3.
Compression-ignition engine refers to an internal combustion engine that
operates on the principle of fuel self-ignition under high temperature and
pressure.
1.3.4. Smoke opacity, N
(%HSU) refers to the fraction of light transmitted from a source through a
smoke-obscured path of the compression-ignition engine, which is prevented from
reaching the instrument receive. The opacity is expressed as a percentage of
Hartridge Smoke Unit.
2. TECNICAL REGULATIONS
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Table 1. PERMISSIBLE LIMIT VALUES FOR PARAMERTERS OF
EMISSIONS OF AUTOMOBILES
Parameters of emissions of automobiles
Automobiles equipped with spark-ignition engines
Automobiles equipped with compression-ignition engines
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
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Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
CO (% by volume)
4,5
3,5
3,0
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0,3
-
-
-
-
-
HC (ppm by volume)
- Four-stroke engines
1.200
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600
300
150
-
-
-
-
-
- Two-stroke engines
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7.800
7.800
7.800
7.800
-
-
-
-
-
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3.300
3.300
3.300
3.300
3.300
-
-
-
-
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Smoke opacity, N
(%HSU) (2)
-
-
-
-
-
72
60
50
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Note:
(1) Special engines refer to engines such as Wankel engines
and some other types of engines with special constructions different from the
common piston and piston ring engines.
(2) The smoke opacity limit can also be determined according
to the values of the light absorption coefficient (m⁻¹)
equivalent to the smoke opacity values prescribed above.
“-”: No regulation
prescribes such matters.
3.
METHODS FOR DETERMINATION
3.1. Methods for
measurement of parameters of emissions of automobiles equipped with
spark-ignition engines
For automobiles equipped
with spark-ignition engines, the concentrations of CO and HC in the emissions
are determined in accordance with TCVN 6204:2008 (ISO 3929:2003) — Road vehicle
– Measurement methods for exhaust gas emissions during inspection or
maintenance.
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3.2.1. Measurement
methods
The measurement of smoke
opacity in emissions of automobiles equipped with compression-ignition engines
is carried out by measuring emissions samples in accordance with
free-acceleration tests for engines. The free-acceleration tests for engines
(hereinafter referred to as free-acceleration tests) are prescribed in section
9.4.2 of TCVN 7663:2007 (ISO 11614:1999) — Reciprocating internal combustion
compression-ignition engine - Apparatus for measurement of the opacity and for
determination of the light absorption coefficient of exhaust gas.
3.2.2. Measurement
procedures
The procedures for
measurement of emissions of automobiles equipped with compression-ignition
engines is carried out in accordance with steps 9.4.1 and 10.1.6 of TCVN
7663:2007 (ISO 11614:1999).
The free-acceleration
tests shall be carried out at least three times. The arithmetic mean of the
last three values is taken as the measurement result. The result is considered
valid if the difference between the highest and lowest values of the last three
free-acceleration tests does not exceed 10 (% HSU).
For measurement results
expressed as the light absorption coefficient (m⁻¹), the smoke
opacity, N (% HSU) may be converted using formula (1) in Section A.2 of
Appendix A (Method for measuring smoke opacity of automobiles equipped with
compression-ignition engines) of TCVN 6438:2018 — Road vehicles - Maximum
permitted limits of exhaust gases.
4.
MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
4.1. The inspection of emissions of automobiles shall be
conducted by units certified and qualified to carry out inspections on
technical safety and environmental protection under the state management of the
Ministry of Construction.
4.2. The equipment for measurement of emissions of automobiles
shall satisfy the national technical regulation prescribed in QCVN
103:2024/BGTVT — National technical regulations on Technical facilities and
location of Vehicle Inspection Station, motorcycles and mopeds Emission
Inspection Stations.
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5.1. The Ministry of
Construction and Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, within their
functions and tasks, shall assign affiliated units to provide guidelines and
organize the implementation of this Regulation for inspection of emissions of
automobiles.
5.2. If the documents referenced in this Regulation are amended
or replaced, the newer documents shall prevail./.