THE
MINISTRY OF FINANCE
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|
SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No.
244/2009/TT-BTC
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Hanoi,
December 31, 2009
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CIRCULAR
AMENDING AND SUPPLEMENTING THE ENTERPRISE ACCOUNTING REGIME
THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE
Pursuant to the June 17, 2003
Accounting Law;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 129/2004/ND-CPofMay31,2004, detailing
and guiding a number of articles of the Accounting Law concerning business
activities;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 123/2008/ND-CP of December 8, 2008,
detailing and guiding a number of articles of the Law on Value-Added Tax;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 124/2008/ND-CP of December II. 2008,
detailing and guiding a number of articles of the Law on Enterprise Income lax;
The Ministry of Finance guides revision of the accounting of some economic
operations and supplementation of the accounting of newly arising economic
operations not yet regulated by the enterprise accounting regime as follows:
Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1.
Scope of regulation
This Circular guides accounting
applicable to enterprises in all fields and of all economic sectors nationwide.
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Foreign organizations and
individuals conducting production and business on the basis of contracts,
agreements or commitments with Vietnamese organizations or individuals
(referred to as foreign contractors) and having permanent establishments in
Vietnam shall implement accounting under the Accounting Law, the system of
accounting standards and the enterprise accounting regime of Vietnam. If they
do not need to make any revision or supplementation, they are not required to
register the applied accounting regime with the Ministry of Finance and should
only notify this to local tax agencies with which they have registered tax
payment.
Article 3.
Submission of financial statements by enterprises in export processing zones,
industrial parks and hi-tech parks
Enterprises (both domestic and
foreign - invested) based in export processing zones, industrial parks or
hi-tech parks shall, in addition to submitting annual financial statements to
concerned agencies under the financial statement regime issued together with
Decision No. 15/2006/QD-BTC, submit annual financial statements to the
management boards of export processing zones, industrial parks or hi-tech parks
as requested.
Chapter II
ACCOUNTING MONETARY UNIT
Article 4.
Accounting monetary unit
"Accounting monetary
unit" is Vietnam dong (having the national sign "" and
international sign "VND"), used for recording accounting books and
making and presenting financial statements of enterprises. An accounting unit
that collects revenues and makes expenditures mainly in foreign currency may
choose a foreign currency prescribed by the Ministry of Finance as a monetary
unit for recording accounting books and making and presenting financial
statements.
Article 5.
Selection of accounting monetary units by enterprises and organizations with foreign
capital
1. Enterprises and organizations
with foreign capital (collectively referred to as enterprises) that collect
revenues and make expenditures mainly in foreign currency shall, in pursuance
to the Accounting Law, consider and decide to select their accounting monetary
units and take responsibility for such decision before law. Once selecting an
accounting monetary unit, enterprises shall notify it to their managing tax
agencies.
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- Such monetary unit must be
mainly used in their goods sale and service provision transactions, greatly
affect the selling prices of goods and services and normally be the one used in
taking decisions on selling prices of goods;
- Such monetary unit must be
mainly used in their purchase of goods and services and normally be the one
used for computing revenues and labor costs and purchasing materials, goods and
services.
3. An enterprise whose parent
company is based overseas may only use the accounting monetary unit used by its
parent company when falling into any of the following cases:
- It is established mainly for
the purpose of producing and processing products for its parent company, with
most of raw materials bought from and products exported and sold by its parent
company;
- The proportion of its
operations to its parent company's or that of its business transactions
conducted in the accounting monetary unit used by its parent company is
material (over 70%).
Article 6.
Conversion of financial statements made in the accounting monetary unit being
foreign currency into Vietnam dong for submission to state management agencies
1 Enterprises and organizations
with foreign capital established and operating in Vietnam and using foreign
currency as accounting monetary unit shall concurrently make financial
statements in the accounting monetary unit (foreign currency) and convert these
statements into Vietnam dong for submission to state management agencies.
2. Principle for conversion of
financial statements made in an accounting monetary unit being foreign currency
into Vietnam dong
All items in the financial
statements of enterprises (including reported and comparison data) shall be
converted at the inter-bank average exchange rate on the final date of the
accounting period. If such exchange rate is not available on the final dale of
the accounting period, the inter- bank average exchange rate of the dale
preceding the final day of the accounting period may be used.
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Financial statements in which an
accounting monetary unit being foreign currency is used must be audited. Once
converted into Vietnam dong, these statements arc not required to be audited
but only need to be certified by auditors of the exchange rate used in the
conversion and the preciseness of the conversion.
Article 8.
Change of accounting monetary units
1. When there are major changes in
managerial and business operations resulting in the accounting monetary unit
used in economic transactions failing to satisfy the criteria specified in
Clause 2, Article 5. Chapter II of this Circular, enterprises may change their
accounting monetary units. The change of a monetary unit for recording
accounting books to another may be effected only at the beginning of a new
accounting year. Enterprises shall notify their managing tax agencies of this
change within 10 working days after the final day of the accounting year.
2. Exchange rate applicable to
items in the balance sheet upon change of the accounting monetary unit:
The items in the balance sheet
shall be converted into the new accounting monetary unit at the inter-bank
average exchange rate on the date of change of the accounting monetary unit.
3. Presentation of comparison
information upon change of the accounting monetary unit
In the first accounting period
following the change of the accounting monetary unit, enterprises shall make
financial statements using the new accounting monetary unit and re-present data
on comparison information (the column "Figures at beginning of year"
in the balance sheet and the column "Previous year" in the report
on business results and the cash flow report), specifically:
- The column "Figures at
beginning of year" in the balance sheet shall be presented based on the
balance sheet made at the beginning of a fiscal year (time of change of the
accounting monetary unit) by using the inter-bank average exchange rate on the
date of change of the accounting monetary unit.
- The column "Previous
year" in the report on business results and the cash flow report shall be
presented based on the report on business results and the cash flow report made
at the beginning of a year by using the inter-bank average exchange rate of the
year preceding the year of change of the accounting monetary unit.
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When converting financial
statements (made in a foreign currency) into Vietnam dong or when changing the
accounting monetary unit, enterprises shall clearly state in the notes to the
financial statements the reason for such change and impacts (if any) on
financial statements exerted by the conversion of financial statements from a
foreign currency into Vietnam dong or change of the accounting monetary unit.
Chapter
III
GUIDANCE ON THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACCOUNTING REGIME BY FOREIGN CONTRACTORS
Article 10.
Principles of application of the accounting regime
Foreign contracts shall:
1. Base themselves on the
provisions of the Accounting Law. Vietnam's enterprise accounting regime and
this Circular to organize accounting for each contract (contracting license) as
a basis for contract and tax finalization with the Vietnamese State.
2. When applying Vietnam's
accounting regime, they may select to apply a chart of accounts, documents,
accounting books and forms of accounting books suitable to their operation
characteristics and fully meeting their and the Vietnamese State's management
requirements (particularly tax administration requirements), specifically:
- In case foreign contractors
pay both value-added tax and enterprise income tax by the presumption method,
they shall base themselves on Vietnam's enterprise accounting regime to select
and apply appropriately a chart of accounts, documents and forms of accounting
books to meet their management requirements.
- In case foreign contractors
pay value-added tax by the credit method and enterprise income tax by the
method of revenues minus (-) expenses or by the presumption method, they shall
select and apply accounts reflecting assets, liabilities, capital sources,
revenues and expenses and determine relevant results according to the
enterprise accounting regime in order to meet the Vietnamese Slate's tax
administration requirements and their own management requirements.
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Article 11.
Modified and supplemented contents of the accounting regime to be registered
with the Ministry of Finance
1. Modified contents and
structure of compulsory accounting documents;
2. Supplementation or
modification of level-I or level-II accounts in terms of name, code and content
and method of accounting particular economic transactions that arise:
3. Modification of items in
financial statements or change of the structure and method of making financial
statements.
Article 12.
Provisions on making and submission of financial statements and audit of
financial statements
Foreign contractors shall make
balance sheets (according to a set form) and notes to the financial statements.
Those that pay value-added tax by the credit method and enterprise income tax
by the method of revenues minus (-) expenses, shall also make reports on
business results. The State encourages foreign contractors to have their
financial statements audited for tax purposes (excluding those declaring and
paying tax by the presumption method). Foreign contractors shall submit their
financial statements to provincial-level Tax Departments, agencies issuing
contracting permits or operation licenses, and provincial-level Statistics
Offices.
Chapter IV
GUIDANCE ON MODIFICATION
AND SUPPLEMENTATION OF METHODS OF A('( OUNTING SOME OTHER E( ONOMIC OPERATIONS
Article 13.
Accounting of expenses for share issuance
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2. For joint-stock companies
issuing shares and recognizing expenses directly related to share issuance,
record:
Debit account 4112 - Equity surplus
Credit accounts 111. 112...
Article 14.
Accounting of increase and decrease of investment capital of owners in
join-stock companies
1. Accounting of increase of
investment capital of owners
1.1. General provisions:
- Increase of investment capital
of owners (equity) additionally guided in this Circular includes additional
issuance of shares to the public without collection of money, such as
additional issuance of shares from equity surplus, from the development
investment fund, from undistributed after-tax earnings (payment of dividends in
shares) and from reward and welfare funds.
- In all cases of additional
issuance of shares without collection of money, joint-stock companies shall
carry out all procedures provided by law. Once an additional issuance of shares
is adopted by the shareholders' general meeting and approved by competent
authorities, joint-stock companies shall record it in accounting books so as to
adjust their equity under the approved plan.
1.2. Accounting of specific
operations:
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Debit account 4112 - Equity
surplus
Credit account 4111 - Investment
capital of owners.
- In case a joint-stock company
is allowed to issue bonus shares from its development investment fund, record:
Debit account 414 - Development
investment fund
Credit account 4111 - Investment
capital of owners
Credit account 4112 - Equity
surplus (if any).
- In case a joint-stock company
is allowed to issue bonus shares from undistributed after-tax earnings (paying
dividends in shares), record:
Debit account 421 -
Undistributed after-tax earnings
Credit account 4111 - Investment
capital of owners;
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- In case a joint-stock company
is allowed to additionally issue shares from its reward fund to increase
investment capital of owners, record:
Debit account 3531 - Reward fund
Debit account 4112 - Equity
surplus (difference between selling price lower than par value, if any)
Credit account 4111 - Investment
capital of owners
Credit account 4112 - Equity
surplus (difference between selling price higher than par value - if any).
2. Accounting of decrease of
investment capital of owners
In all cases of decrease of
investment capital of owners, joint-stock companies shall carry out all
procedures as provided by law. Once adopted by the shareholders' general
meeting and approved by competent authorities, joint-stock companies shall
record it in accounting books so as to adjust their equity under the approved
plan. Cases of decrease of investment capital of owners (equity capital), such
as redemption and cancellation of fund shares; and cancellation of fund shares
comply with Decision No. 15/2006/QD-13TC of March 20, 2006, of the Minister of
Finance.
Article 15.
Accounting in case investors receive shares from the increase of investment
capital of owners by join-stock companies
1. When investors receive additional
shares without having to pay any money since joint-stock companies use equity
surplus, funds of owners' capital and undistributed after-tax earnings
(dividing dividends in shares) in order to increase investment capital of
owners, investors shall only monitor the increased quantity of shares on the
notes to the financial statements without recognizing the value of received
shares, financial revenues and increase of the value of investments in
joint-stock companies.
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Article 16.
Accounting of recognition of revenues from management charges
To add account 5118- Other
revenues.
This account shall be used to
reflect such revenues as management charges paid by subordinate units and
revenues other than revenues from sale of goods, sale of semi-finished
products, provision of services, government grants and price subsidies, and
revenues from real estate investment dealings.
Periodically, superior units
shall recognize revenues from management charges paid by subordinates.
Accountants shall record:
Debit account 131 - Receivables
from customers (management charges collected from subsidiaries)
Debit account 136 - Internal
receivables (management charges collected from member companies, subordinate
units)
Debit accounts 111. 112 (if cash
is collected at once)
Credit account 5118 - Other
revenues
Article 17.
Accounting of unemployment insurance
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This account shall be used to
reflect the situation of deduction and payment of unemployment insurance
contributions for employees in a unit under the unemployment insurance law.
Enterprises shall open detailed accounting books to separately monitor and
finalize unemployment insurance.
Structure and contents of
account 3389 -Unemployment insurance
Debit side: Unemployment
insurance amounts already paid to the unemployment insurance fund-managing
agency.
Credit side:
- Deduction of unemployment
insurance contributions as production, business expenses
- Deduct ion of unemployment
insurance contributions from workers' and employees' salaries.
Balance on the Credit side:
Deducted unemployment insurance contributions not yet paid to the unemployment
insurance fund-managing agency.
Method of accounting some major
economic operations
- Periodically deducting
unemployment insurance contributions as production, business expenses, record:
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Credit account 338 - Other
payables (3389).
- Calculating unemployment
insurance amounts subtracted from workers' and employees' wages, record:
Debit account 334 - Payables to
employees
Credit account 338 - Other
payables (3389).
- When paying unemployment
insurance contributions to the unemployment insurance fund-managing agency,
record:
Debit account 338 - Other
payables (3389)
Credit accounts 111, 112.
Article 18.
Accounting of reward and welfare funds
1. To change the code of account
431 - Reward and welfare funds
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- To change the code of account
4311 -Reward fund into account 3531 - Reward fund;
- To change the code of account
4312 -Welfare fund into account 3532 - Welfare fund:
- To change the code of account
4313 -Reward fund used for fixed assets acquisition into account 3533 - Reward
fund used for fixed assets acquisition.
The structure, contents and
method of accounting of account 353 - Reward and welfare funds are unchanged
compared to account 431.
2. To add account 3534 - Reward
fund for the company's management and executive board
To move the content reflecting
the reward fund for the company's management and executive board from account
418 - Other funds of owners' capital to account 3534 - Reward fund for the
company's management and executive board. The method of accounting the reward
fund for the company's management and executive board on account 3534 is
similar to that stipulated for account 418.
Article 19.
Accounting of the scientific and technological development fund
To add account 356 - Scientific
and technological development fund
This account shall be used to
reflect the existing amount and situation of increase and decrease of the
scientific and technological development fund of an enterprise. This fund may
be used only for scientific and technological investments in Vietnam.
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- The formation and use of this
fund must comply with law.
- This fund shall be accounted
as enterprise management expenses to determine business results in a period.
Annually, enterprises shall determine by themselves their scientific and
technological funds under law and make reports on the formation and use of
these funds, and declare the level and amount of money used for the formation
in enterprise income tax finalization declarations. Such report shall be
submitted together with enterprise income tax finalization declarations.
Structure and content of account
356 -Scientific and technological development fund:
Debit side:
- Expenses from the fund.
- Decrease of the fund already
used for fixed assets acquisition when calculating depreciation of fixed
assets, residual value of fixed assets upon sale, liquidation, expenses for
liquidation fiom fixed assets acquired from this fund.
- Decrease of the fund already
used for fixed assets acquisition when fixed assets acquired from this fund are
shifted to serve production, business purposes.
Credit side:
- Deductions for forming I lie
fund as enterprise management expenses.
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Credit side balance: The
remaining scientific and technological development fund of the enterprise at
the end of the reporting period
Account 356 - Scientific and
technological development fund, has two secondary accounts:
Account 3561 - Scientific and
technological development fund, reflecting the existing amount and situation of
formation and use of the fund:
Account 3562 - Scientific and
technological development fund used for fixed assets acquisition, reflecting
the existing fund and the situation of increase and decrease of the fund used
for fixed assets acquisition (scientific and technological development fund
already used for fixed assets acquisition).
Method of accounting some major
economic operations
- In a year, when making
deductions to form the scientific and technological development fund, record:
Debit account 642 - Enterprise
management expenses
Credit account 356 - Scientific
and technological development fund.
- When spending the fund for
scientific and technological research and development objectives of the
enterprise, record:
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Debit account 133 - Creditable
value-added tax (if any)
Credit accounts 111, 112, 331...
- When investing in and
procuring fixed assets from the scientific and technological development fund
used for scientific and technological research and development purposes,
record:
Debit account 211. 213
(historical costs)
Debit account 133 - Creditable
value-added tax (if any)
Credit accounts 111, 112, 331...
Concurrently record:
Debit account 3561 - Scientific
and technological development fund
Credit account 3562- Scientific
and technological development fund used for fixed assets acquisition
- At the end of an accounting
period, calculate the depreciation of fixed assets invested in or formed with
the scientific and technological development fund used for scientific and
technological research and development purposes, record:
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Credit account 214 -
Depreciation of fixed assets.
- When liquidating or selling
fixed assets invested in and procured with the scientific and technological
development fund.
+ Record the decrease of fixed
assets liquidated and sold:
Debit account 3562 - Scientific
and technological development fund used for fixed assets acquisition (residual
value)
Debit account 214 - Depreciation
of fixed assets (depreciated value)
Credit accounts 211, 213.
+ Record the proceeds from the
liquidation and sale of fixed assets:
Debit accounts 111, 112 and 131
Credit account 3561 - Scientific
and technological development fund
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+ Record expenses directly
related to the liquidation and sale of fixed assets:
Debit account 3561 - Scientific
and technological development fund
Debit account 133 - Creditable
valued-added tax
Credit accounts 111, 112, 331.
- When fixed assets acquired
from the scientific and technological development fund arc shifted to serve
production and business upon completion of the process of scientific and
technological research and development, accountants shall record:
Debit account 3562 - Scientific
and technological development fund used for fixed assets acquisition (residual
value of acquired fixed assets not yet fully depreciated)
Credit account 711 - Other
incomes.
From the time fixed assets are
shifted to serve production and business, their depreciation shall be included
in production and business costs according to the current enterprise accounting
regime.
Article 20.
Accounting of internally consumed products, goods and services
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- If products, goods and
services subject to payment of value-added tax by the credit method are used
internally for the production and trading of goods and the provision of
services which are subject to payment of value-added tax by the credit method,
when delivering them for internal use, accountants shall reflect revenues from
the sale of goods for internal use according to their production costs or costs
of goods sold, and record:
Debit accounts 623, 627, 641,
642 (production costs or costs of goods sold)
Credit account 512 - Revenues
from internal sale of goods.
Concurrently, accountants shall
declare value added tax for products, goods and services already internally
used, and record:
Debit account 133 - Creditable
value-added tax
Credit account 3331 - Payable
value-added tax (33311).
- If products, goods and
services subject to payment of value-added tax by the credit method are used
internally for the production and trading of goods and the provision of
services which are not subject to value-added tax or are subject to payment of
value-added tax by the direct method, when delivering them for internal use,
accountants shall reflect revenues from the sale of goods for internal use
according to their production costs or costs of goods sold, and record:
Debit accounts 623, 627, 641,
642... (production costs or costs of goods plus (+) output value-added tax)
Credit account 512 - Revenues
from internal sale of goods (production costs or costs of goods)
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Article 21.
Additional guidance on the method of accounting differences resulting from the
re-valuation of assets when parent companies contribute non-monetary assets as
capital to subsidiaries
When a parent company contribute
inventories or fixed assets as capital to a subsidiary (rather than payment
upon enterprise acquisition in business consolidation transactions), it shall
recognize the difference between the book value (for inventories) or residual
value (for fixed assets) and the valuated value of contributed assets, which
are re-valuated by the involved parties, as other incomes or other expenses.
The subsidiary, when receiving the assets contributed as capital by the parent
company, shall record the increase of investment capital of owners and received
assets using the price agreed upon by the parties.
- In case the book value (for
inventories) or the residual value (for fixed assets) contributed as capital is
smaller than the value re-valuated by the parties, accountants shall reflect
the difference resulting from the asset re-valuation as other incomes, and
record:
Debit account 221 - Investment
in subsidiaries Debit account 214 - Depreciation of fixed assets
Credit accounts 211, 213, 217
(if fixed assets or invested real estate are contributed as capital)
Credit accounts 152, 153, 155
and 156 (if inventories are contributed as capital)
Credit account 711 - Other
incomes (increase difference resulting from asset re-valuation).
- In case the book value or the
residual value of assets contributed as capital is larger than the value
re-valuated by the parties, accountants shall reflect the difference resulting
from the asset revaluation into other expenses, and record:
Debit account 221 - Investment
in subsidiaries
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Credit account 811 - Other
expenses (decrease difference resulting from re-valuation)
Credit accounts 211, 213, 217
(if fixed assets or invested real estate are contributed as capital)
Credit accounts 152, 153, 155
and 156 (if inventories arc contributed as capital).
Article 22.
Guidance on modification and .supplementation of accounting methods for some
transactions between joint-venture capital contributors and jointly controlled
business establishments
To modify and supplement
accounting methods when joint-venture capital contributors contribute non-monetary
assets as capital to jointly controlled business establishments or sell goods
to these establishments as follows:
1. On separate financial
statements of joint-venture capital contributors
1.1. In case joint-venture
capital contributors contribute non-monetary assets as capital to jointly
controlled business establishments
When contributing non-monetary
assets as capital (inventories, fixed assets...) to jointly controlled business
establishments, contributors shall recognize the whole difference between
there-valuated value (agreed upon by the parties) larger than the book value of
contributed non-monetary assets as other incomes, and record:
- In case the re-valuated value
of inventories contributed as capital is larger than the book value, record:
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Credit account 152, 153, 155,
156 and 611 (book value)
Credit account 711 - Other
incomes (difference between the re-valuated value larger than the book value of
supplies and goods contributed as capital).
- In case the re-valuated value
of fixed assets contributed as capital is larger than the book value:
Debit account 222 - Contributed
joint-venture capital (re-valuated value)
Debit account 214 - Depreciation
of fixed assets (depreciated value)
Credit accounts 211, 213 and 217
(historical cost)
Credit account 711 - Other
incomes (difference between the re-valuated value larger than the book value of
fixed assets contributed as capital).
In case the re-valuated value
(agreed upon by the parties) of non-monetary assets contributed as
joint-venture capital is smaller than the book value, accountants shall comply
with the provisions of the current enterprise accounting regime.
1.2. In case joint-venture
capital contributors sell inventories and fixed assets to jointly controlled
business establishments
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- At the end of a period,
accountants shall carry over all revenues and other incomes arising from the
sale by joint-venture capital contributors of inventories and fixed assets to
jointly controlled business establishments (without deferring the benefit
amount corresponding to their ownership rate in jointly controlled business
establishments), and record:
Debit account 511- Revenues from
the sale of goods and provision of services
Debit account 711- Other incomes
Credit account 911-
Determination of business results.
2. On consolidated financial
statements of joint-venture capital contributors
2.1. In case of contributing
inventories as capital to or sell inventories to jointly controlled business
establishments
a/ Recognize unrealized revenues
corresponding to earnings of the joint-venture capital contributors arising
from the transaction of contributing inventories as capital or selling
inventories in a period.
At the end of the period, when
making consolidated financial statements, joint-venture capital contributors
shall base themselves on the value of inventories contributed as capital or
sold (at a profit) to jointly controlled business establishments in the period
but the latter have not yet sold these goods to independent third parties,
joint-venture capital contributors shall reflect the deferment and recognize as
unrealized revenues the earnings from the contribution as capital or sale of
inventories corresponding to their benefit amount in the joint ventures.
Adjustment entries shall be made on the summary table of adjusted items as
follows:
- In case of contributing
inventories as capital at a profit:
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Credit Unrealized revenues.
- In case of selling inventories
at a profit:
Debit Revenues from the sale of
goods and provision of services (deferred earnings from the sale of inventories
corresponding to the benefit amount in the joint venture)
Credit Unrealized revenues.
b/ When jointly controlled
business establishments sell inventories (contributed as capital or sold by joint-venture
capital contributors) to third parties in the subsequent period:
- Recognize unrealized revenues
at the beginning of the period: On the basis of unrealized earnings related to
inventories not yet sold by the jointly controlled business establishment to a
third party at the end of the previous period, accountants shall recognize as
unrealized revenue the deferred earnings corresponding to the benefit amount in
the joint venture at the beginning of the period:
Debit Undistributed after-tax
earnings (unrealized earnings at the beginning of the period)
Credit Unrealized revenues.
- Recognize earnings realized in
the period: On the basis of inventories already sold by the jointly controlled
business establishment to a third party in the period, accountants shall carry
over the unrealized revenues to revenues from the sale of goods and provision
of services or other incomes for determining business results in the period:
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Credit Revenues from the sale of
goods and provision of services (for sale of inventories)
Credit Other revenues (for
inventories contributed as capital).
c/ Adjusting impacts of deferred
enterprise income tax:
- Recognize the deferred tax
asset as a result of recognizing unrealized revenues arising from the transaction
of contributing inventories as capital or selling inventories to the jointly
controlled business establishment in the period:
At the end of an accounting
period, when making consolidated financial statements, accountants shall base
themselves on unrealized revenues recognized in the period to recognize the
deferred tax asset arising in the period:
Debit Deferred enterprise income
tax asset
Credit Deferred enterprise
income tax expense.
- Recognize the deferred income
tax asset as a result of recognizing unrealized revenues at the beginning of
the period: On the basis of unrealized revenues at the beginning of the period,
accountants shall recognize the deferred tax asset at the beginning of the
period:
Debit Deferred income tax asset
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- Return of the deferred tax
asset as a result of the carry-over of unrealized revenues arising in the
period in the reports on business results: On the basis of unrealized revenues
carried over to revenues from the sale of goods and provision of services or
other incomes when the jointly controlled business establishment sells goods to
a third party in the period, accountants shall return the deferred tax asset
corresponding to the unrealized revenues changed to realized ones in the
period:
Debit Deferred enterprise income
tax expense Credit Deferred income tax asset.
2.2. In case of contributing
fixed assets as capital or selling fixed assets to jointly controlled business
establishments
a/ Recognizing unrealized
revenues corresponding to the earnings of joint-venture capital contributors
from the transaction of contributing fixed assets as capital or selling fixed
assets in a period
At the end of the period, when
making consolidated financial statements, joint-venture capital contributors
shall base themselves on the unrealized earnings arising from the transaction
of contributing fixed assets as capital or selling them (at a profit) to
jointly controlled business establishments in the period and the duration of
fixed asset depreciation applied by the jointly controlled business
establishments. They shall reflect the deferment and recognize as unrealized
revenues the earnings from the contribution as capital or sale of fixed assets
corresponding to their earnings in the joint ventures. Adjustment entries shall
be made on the summary table of adjusted items as follows:
Debit Other incomes (deferred
earnings from the contribution of fixed assets as capital corresponding to the
benefit amount in the joint venture)
Credit Unrealized revenues.
b/ When jointly controlled
business establishments depreciate fixed assets contributed as capital by or
bought from joint-venture capital contributors in the subsequent period:
- Recognize unrealized revenues
at the beginning of a period: On the basis of the unrealized earnings related
to fixed assets which the jointly controlled business establishment has
received as capital contribution or bought in the previous period, accountants
shall recognize as unrealized revenues the deferred earnings corresponding to
the benefit amount in the joint venture at the beginning of the period.
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Credit Unrealized revenues.
- Recognize earnings already
realized in a period: On the basis of the period of fixed asset depreciation
applied by jointly controlled business establishments, accountants shall
gradually allocate unrealized revenues into other incomes for determining
business results in the period:
Debit Unrealized revenues
Credit Other incomes.
c/ Adjusting impacts of deferred
enterprise income tax:
- Recognize the deferred tax
asset as a result of recognizing unrealized revenues arising from the
transaction of contributing fixed assets as capital or selling fixed assets to
the jointly controlled business establishment in the period:
At the end of an accounting
period, when making consolidated financial statements, accountants shall base
themselves on unrealized revenues recognized in the period to recognize the
deferred tax asset arising in the period:
Debit Deferred enterprise income
lax asset
Credit Deferred enterprise
income tax expense.
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Debit Deferred income tax asset
Credit Undistributed after-tax
earnings.
- Return of the deferred tax
asset as a result of the allocation of unrealized revenues arising in the
period in the reports on business results: On the basis of unrealized revenues
allocated to other incomes when the jointly controlled business establishment
depreciates the fixed assets in the period, accountants shall return the
deferred lax asset corresponding to the unrealized revenues changed to realized
ones in the period:
Debit Deferred enterprise income
tax expense
Credit Deferred income tax
asset.
Article 23.
Guidance on supplementation of accounting methods for the re-valuation of
assets and conversion of the balance on accounting books, presentation of
financial statements upon transformation of enterprise ownership
1. Cases of transformation of
enterprises with 100% stale capital into joint-stock companies
Enterprises shall practice
accounting under Circular No. 106/2008/TT-BTC of November 18, 2008, of the
Ministry of Finance guiding accounting work upon transformation of enterprises
with 100%' state capital into joint-stock companies.
2. Cases of transformation into
other forms of enterprise ownership
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In case enterprises are allowed
to re-valuate their value al the time of transformation under law. accountants
shall recognize differences resulting from the re-valuation as other incomes or
other expenses, recording:
- For increases from the
re-valuation of assets, record:
Debit related accounts
Credit account 711 - Other
incomes
- For decreases from the
re-valuation of assets, record:
Debit account 811 - Other
expenses
Credit related accounts.
Incomes liable to enterprise
income tax and reasonable expenses for deducting enterprise income tax shall be
determined under the enterprise income tax law.
2.2. Conversion of the balance
on accounting books and presentation of financial statements
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- For accounting books
reflecting assets, liabilities and owners' capital: All the balances of assets,
liabilities and owner capital on accounting books of the old enterprise shall
be recognized as arising figures on accounting books of the new enterprise. The
line for recording the balance at beginning of period on accounting books of
the new enterprise has no data.
- For balance sheets: All the balances
of assets, liabilities and owners' capital taken over from the old enterprise
before transformation shall be recognized as newly arising figures of the new
enterprises and presented in the column "Year-end figures." The
column "Figures at beginning of year" has no data.
- For reports on business
results: To present only data from the time of transformation to the end of the
first reporting period in the column "Current year." The column
"Previous year" has no data.
- For reports on cash How: To
present only data from the time of transformation to the end of the first
reporting period in the column "Current year." The column
"Previous year" has no data.
Article 24.
Modification of the second pan-System of financial statements of the enterprise
accounting regime promulgated together with Decision No. 15/200C/QD-BTC of
March 20, 2006, of the Minister of Finance
1. Modifying and supplementing
some items in the balance sheet
- To change the code of the item
"Reward and welfare funds"- code 431 in the balance sheet into code
323 in the balance sheet. Data to be recorded in this item arc the Credit
balance on account 353- Reward and welfare funds" in the ledger or ledger
log.
- To add the item
"Unrealized revenues" -code 338 in the balance sheet. This item reflects
revenues unrealized at the time of reporting. Data to be recorded in this item
are the Credit balance in account 3387- Unrealized revenues, in the detailed
accounting book of account 3387.
- To change the item
"Pre-payment by buyers"- code 313 in the balance sheet. This item
reflects total sums of money prepaid by buyers for assets, goods, invested real
estate and services at the time of reporting. This item does not reflect
unrealized revenues (including revenues received in advance). Data to be recorded
in this item are the Credit balance on account 131- Receivables from customers,
opened for each customer in the detailed accounting book of account 131.
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- To add the item
"Enterprise reorganization support fund" - Code 422 in the balance
sheet. This item reflects the enterprise reorganization support fund not yet
used at the reporting time. Data to be recorded in this item are the Credit
balance on account 417- Enterprise reorganization support fund, in the
accounting book of account 417.
2. Modifying and supplementing
notes to the financial statements
2.1. When using foreign currency
for recording accounting books, making and presenting financial statements, an
enterprise shall convert its financial statements into Vietnam dong under the
guidance in Chapter II of this Circular. When explaining financial statements,
for items with figures at beginning of year, arising in the year and at year
end. if there are exchange rate differences resulting in the figures at
beginning of year (converted at the exchange rate at the beginning of period)
added (or subtracted) by figures arising in the year (converted at the exchange
rate on the date of transaction) compatible with year-end figures (converted at
the period-end exchange rate), additional information should be given on these
exchange rate differences directly related to the explained item.
2.2. Modifying and supplementing
Point 2 "Short-term financial investments"- Section V-Notes to the
financial statement, as follows:
"2-
Short-term financial investments
Year
end
Beginning
of year
Quantity
Value
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Value
- Short-term investment shares
(detailed by each type of share)
-
-
-
-
- Short-term investment bonds
(detailed by each type of bond)
-
-
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-
- Other short-term investments
-
-
- Provisions for devaluation
of short-term investments
-
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-
- Reason for change with respect
to each investment/share/bond: + Quantity + Value."
2.3. Modifying and supplementing
Point 13 "Other long-term investments"- Section V- Notes to the
financial statement to elaborate on item 250 on the balance sheet as follows:
"
13- Long-term financial investments
Year
end
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Quantity
Value
Quantity
a/ Investments in subsidiaries
(detailed by
type of share of each
subsidiary)
Reason for change of each
investment/type
of share of subsidiary:
+ Quantity (of shares)
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b/ Investments in
joint-venture companies and associated companies (detailed by share of each
company)
Reason for change of each
investment/type of share of company: + Quantity (of shares) + Value
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c/ Other long-term investments
- Share investment
- Bond investment
- Bill investment
- Long-term loans
- Reason for change of each
investment/type of share of share, bond:
+ Quantity (of shares, bonds)
+ Value."
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Chapter V
ORGANIZATION OF
IMPLEMENTATION
Article 25.
This Circular takes effect 45 days from the date of its
signing. Other relevant accounting matters not guided in this Circular comply
with the enterprise accounting regime promulgated together with Decision No. 15/2006/QD-BTC
of March 20, 2006, of the Minister of Finance. The accounting regime of
construction and installation units promulgated together with Decision No.
1864/1998/QD-BTC of December 120, 1998, of the Ministry of Finance; provisions
on accounting applicable to enterprises and organizations with foreign capital
in Circulars No. 55/2002/TT-BTC of June 26, 2002, and No. 122/2004/TT-BTC of
December 22, 2004, are no longer valid.
Article 26.
Corporations and companies applying extraordinary
accounting regimes promulgated under separate circulars or approved by the
Ministry of Finance shall guide and revise these regimes in compliance with
this Circular.
Article 27.
Ministries and branches and People's Committees. Finance
Departments and Tax Departments of provinces and centrally run cities shall
guide enterprises in implementing this Circular. Any problems arising in the
course of implementation should be reported to the Ministry of Finance for
study and settlement.-
FOR
THE MINISTER OF FINANCE
DEPUTY MINISTER
Tran Xuan Ha
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