THE PRIME
MINISTER
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|
THE SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No. 1342/QD-TTg
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Hanoi, August 12,
2014
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DECISION
APPROVING THE PLAN OF ACTION TO DEVELOP AGRICULTURAL
MACHINERY INDUSTRY IN IMPLEMENTATION OF VIETNAM’S INDUSTRIALIZATION STRATEGY
WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF VIETNAM - JAPAN COOPERATION THROUGH 2020, WITH A VISION
TOWARD 2030
THE PRIME MINISTER
Pursuant to the December 25,
2001 Law on Organization of the Government;
Pursuant to the Prime
Minister’s Decision No. 1043/QD-TTg of July 1, 2013, approving Vietnam’s
industrialization strategy within the framework of Vietnam - Japan cooperation
through 2020, with a vision toward 2030; At the proposal of the Minister of
Trade and Industry,
DECIDES:
Article 1. To
promulgate together with this Decision the Plan of Action to develop
agricultural machinery industry in implementation of Vietnam’s
industrialization strategy within the framework of Vietnam - Japan cooperation
through 2020, with a vision toward 2030, under the Prime Minister’s Decision
No. 1043/QD-TTg of July 1, 2013.
Article 2. This
Decision takes effect on the date of its signing.
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PRIME MINISTER
Nguyen Tan Dung
PLAN OF ACTION
TO DEVELOP AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY INDUSTRY IN IMPLEMENTATION
OF VIETNAM’S INDUSTRIALIZATION STRATEGY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF VIETNAM-JAPAN
COOPERATION THROUGH 2020, WITH A VISION TOWARD 2030
(Promulgated together with the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 1342/QD-TTg of
August 12, 2014)
I. SITUATION
1. Position and role of
agriculture, forestry and fisheries in Vietnam’s economic structure and their
prospects toward 2020
In Vietnam’s economic
structure, agriculture, forestry and fisheries made up 25% of GDP by 2000 and
21% by 2010. According to the 2011-2020 socio-economic development strategy,
this proportion is expected to shrink to 15% by 2020. Nevertheless, since GDP
itself has been growing well, the total output value of these sectors also
increased to USD 78 billion in 2000 and USD 220 billion in 2010. By 2020, also
according to the 2011-2020 socio- economic development strategy, to achieve the
targets of per-capita GDP of USD 3,000 for a population of 96,400,000 and these
sectors’ GDP proportion of 15%, their total output value must reach USD 430
billion (nearly doubled in 10 years).
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2. Supply - demand analysis a/
2020 forecasts
As forecast by the 2011-2020
socio-economic development strategy, the labor restructuring with a movement of
the workforce from agriculture, forestry and fisheries or from rural areas to
industry is foreseeable as a result of the process of industrialization in
Vietnam. The total production output of agriculture also needs to increase for
the reason that the population and food demand keep increasing. In addition,
the maintenance and development of food export is considered a target which
must be achieved. In order to continue reducing the number of laborers in
agriculture, forestry and fisheries whilst scaling up their production, it is
necessary to raise labor productivity in these sectors.
In that context, without
special measures and policies, the said labor restructuring would apparently
worsen the shortage of labor and aging of the labor force. Also, it will be
more and more difficult to ensure the stable food supply for domestic
consumption and export.
b/ Importance of mechanization
in rice cultivation
If it is possible to produce
more with fewer agricultural laborers, not only can agriculture be diversified,
but also more time and labor can be saved for other non-agricultural
activities, thus contributing to increasing incomes for farmers.
Laborers who become redundant
due to improved labor productivity will move to urban centers. Once these
laborers are employed by industrial and service sectors, such labor supply will
be conducive to the development of these sectors.
To improve labor productivity
in agriculture, the promotion of mechanization is quite necessary. In Japan, in
order to raise agricultural productivity and improve the agricultural economy,
the Act on Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization was enacted in 1953 and
remains in force until now.
After 1996, Vietnam became the second largest rice
exporter in the world, following Thailand. Some 20 countries are now importing
rice from Vietnam. In 2013, Vietnam exported 6,587,074 tons of rice worth USD
2,922.681 million (an average of USD 443.7/ton). Moreover, rice accounted for
around 30% of the total export value of sectors related to agriculture,
forestry and fisheries and 4% of the country’s total export value. In addition,
with rice growers accounting for over 80% of the total number of farmers, the
wide mechanization in agriculture and development of the industry manufacturing
agricultural machinery for rice cultivation and production would exert great
effects on Vietnam.
This Plan of Action focuses
principally on agricultural machinery for rice cultivation and production.
Nonetheless, this model of mechanization, if successful, can be developed and
applied to the cultivation and processing of other agricultural products such
as sugar cane, maize, etc.
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According to the national
master plan on development of agriculture through 2020, with a vision toward
2030 (approved under the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 124/QD-TTg of February
2, 2012), the rates of mechanization in 2010 in the stages of soil preparation,
sowing-planting- tending, harvest, and processing were 70%, 25%, 30% and 30%,
respectively, and agricultural machines were not yet common.
This situation is attributable
to:
- Small cultivation acreages
(particularly in the Red River delta);
- Agricultural areas are
scattered;
- Prices of agricultural
machinery are still high compared to farmer incomes.
Regarding farmers’ purchase of
agricultural machinery, though a number of support policies have been
implemented to provide supports directly to farmers through the rural
development bank, loan interest rate supports, technical training for farmers,
local administrations’ supports or the Vietnam Farmers’ Association’s guarantee
for farmers to borrow loans, results brought about by these policies remain
low. Reasons for this situation include farmers’ tiny pockets for expensive
agricultural machines (given the demand for these machines in localities),
limited budgets of local administrations, complicated procedures and
non-transparent use of support money in the course of implementation.
* Capacity of Vietnam-based
manufacturers (including also foreign- invested enterprises) to meet the market
demand:
As evaluated in the national
master plan on development of agriculture through 2020, with a vision toward
2030, almost all manufacturers of tractors and agricultural machinery in
Vietnam are small-sized, have a low output and closed manufacturing process and
lack specialization and cooperation with one another in manufacture
organization. Locally made agricultural mechanical products are largely
small-capacity engines. Highly demanded agricultural machines such as
trans-planters and harvesters cannot be manufactured at home yet and must be
imported, including:
- 4, 6 and 8-row rice
transplanters;
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- Four-wheeled tractors of a
capacity of under 30 HP (for soil plowing and milling) and using multi-cylinder
engines. To manufacture these tractors, Vietnam needs to cooperate with foreign
countries, especially Japan, to improve its research and manufacturing
capacity.
In addition, the capacity of
domestic and foreign-invested enterprises in support industries to manufacture
parts and accessories of the aforesaid agricultural machines is still weak and
most of these enterprises are just small- or medium-sized ones. To promote the
development of support industries in these enterprises, on October 17, 2012,
the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 1556/QD-TTg, approving the scheme to
support the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises in support
industries.
The market share of
agricultural machinery by country shows that machinery imported from neighboring
countries accounts for 60% while made-in-Vietnam products make up only 15-20%.
The reason for this situation is that to enjoy a low import duty rate, these
products have been illegally imported into Vietnam by declaring smaller
quantities and lower prices. Vietnamese enterprises are condemning such illegal
importation and demanding investigation as well as measures to handle it.
In regions with three rice
crops a year and long-term use of agricultural machinery like the Mekong River
delta, the use of high-durability Japanese combined machines has become more
common in harvest as a new service. However, in other regions, sowers,
transplanters, tractors and combined machines are still less popular.
Though factories assembling
agricultural machinery may import machinery in complete units at the import
duty rate of 0-10%, they must pay a 20% import duty for knocked down parts.
Some hold that these irrational tax policies have limited the incentives for
the purchase and manufacture of parts of agricultural machinery in localities.
II.
ORIENTATIONS THROUGH 2020
To modernize Vietnam’s
agriculture, promote agricultural machinery industry to serve the rice
cultivation and production and increase the rice production productivity and
contribute to raising incomes for farmers.
III. TARGETS
SET FOR 2020
1. Total output of agriculture
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(Note: The 10-year plan
sets the target that by 2020 the per-capita income will reach USD 3,000, and
agriculture’s GDP proportion of 15% will be necessary for achieving such
target. The total amount is in US dollars at present time based on practical
calculations. Amounts below are similarly calculated).
2. Higher labor productivity
From the level of USD
740/person actually achieved in 2010 to the target of USD 2,000/person by 2020.
(Note: The agricultural
population in the 10-year plan has been adjusted).
3. Rate of agricultural
mechanization
By 2020, this rate at the
stages of soil preparation, sowing-planting- tending, harvest and processing
will reach 95%, 70%, 70% and 80%, respectively.
IV.
STRATEGIC ISSUES
1. To encourage farmers to use
agricultural machinery (the demand side);
2. To encourage manufacturers
to supply agricultural machinery based on farmers’ demand (the supply side);
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V. PLAN OF
ACTION
1. To implement the program to
support the supply of quality agricultural machinery to farmers (the demand
side)
Plan of action
Implementatio n
period
Implementing
agency
Coordinating
agency
1
Surveying
the actual
situation
and
results
of agricultural
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July - December 2014
Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry
and Trade
2
Referring to Japan’s Act on Promotion
of Agricultural
Mechanization to draft a
Prime Minister
decision on promotion
of agricultural
mechanization,
covering
also contents 2.1 thru 2.4
below, to be approved by the Prime Minister
January - June 2015
Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry
and Trade
2.1
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January - June 2015
Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development
Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Industry
and Trade
2.2
Based on the
State’s basic
orientations, funding
sources and characteristics
of localities, local
administrations
take the initiative in working out
plans of action to promote agricultural mechanization in their localities
May - December 2015
Provincial-
level People’s
Committees
Related ministries and
sectors
2.3
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2016 - 2020
Provincial- level People’s Committees
Related ministries and sectors
2.4
The State considers and
provides part of the budget necessary for implementation of approved local
plans of action
2016 - 2020
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Planning and Investment, Ministry of Industry and Trade,
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
2. To encourage manufacturers
to supply agricultural machinery for rice cultivation and production based on
farmers’ demand (the supply side)
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Plan of action
Implementation
period
Implementing agency
Coordinating
agency
1
Organizing
exhibitions of agricultural machinery and showing steps of operating such machinery
to
local farmers nationwide,
with
assistance of domestic and foreign manufacturers
July – December
2014
Ministry of Industry and
Trade
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
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Supporting the organization of
training workshops
and conferences
by domestic and
foreign
agricultural
machinery manufacturers
July – December 2014
Ministry of Industry and
Trade
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
3
Elaborating and
promulgating
standards and technical
regulations on agricultural machinery for rice production
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
Ministry of Industry and Trade
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Encouraging manufacturers
in Vietnam to supply
agricultural
machinery for rice
cultivation and production to
meet farmers’
demand
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Industry and
Trade
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
5
Supplementing and completing tax regulations so
that factories assembling agricultural machinery may purchase some
domestically manufactured parts
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Finance
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Plan of action
Implementation
period
Implementing agency
Coordinating
agency
1
Conducting annual market
surveys based on the three targets set in
the Section “Targets set for 2020”
and other relevant targets, and announcing results
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
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2
Building the
capacity (equipment and training)
of experimentation laboratories and centers for quality
inspection of agricultural
machinery
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development
Ministry of Industry and
Trade
3
Conducting
surveys of illegal
agricultural machinery
found in
the country. Survey
contents include:
- From the viewpoint of protection
of consumer interests, gathering
data on goods lacking certain utility
functions specified in the
list of goods;
- From the viewpoint of fair tax policies, gathering
data on goods imported
as scraps
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- From the viewpoint of safety
for farmers, gathering data on dangerous goods likely
to be unsafe for humans and the environment
2014 - 2020
Department of Market Management,
Department of Competition
Management, Department of
Techniques and Safety - the
Ministry of Industry and
Trade
Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development,
General Department of Taxation - the
Ministry of Finance,
Ministry of Public
Security
4
Based on results of the
above two sections, proposing
solutions and handling policies
2014 - 2020
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development,
General Department of Taxation - the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Public
Security
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1. Organization of
implementation
- The Ministry of Industry and
Trade shall:
+ Base itself on the Plan of
Action to organize and assign agencies, organizations and enterprises under its
management to implement contents of the Plan;
+ Urge and inspect ministries,
sectors and localities in implementing the Plan of Action; annually conduct
surveys and review and report on the implementation of the Plan to the Steering
Committee for the Industrialization Strategy; preliminarily and finally review
and evaluate results and efficiency of the implementation of the Plan of
Action, and report them to the Prime Minister.
- The Ministry of Planning and
Investment and Ministry of Finance shall:
+ Assume the prime responsibility
for implementing solutions regarding funding sources;
+ Balance and incorporate funds
for implementation of the Plan of Action in annual budget estimates of central
agencies and budget supports for localities in accordance with law.
- Related ministries, sectors
and localities shall:
+ Elaborate and implement
specific contents of the Plan of Action;
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- Funds for implementation of
the Plan of Action shall be raised from the central budget, local budgets,
international aid, contributions of the society and community and other lawful
sources.
2. Supervision of
implementation of the Plan of Action
The Ministry of Industry and
Trade shall supervise the implementation of the Plan of Action and report it at
meetings of the Working Group for the Industrialization Strategy once a year.
The Working Group shall report supervision results to the Steering Committee
for the Industrialization Strategy.
3. Adjustment of the Plan of
Action
The Ministry of Industry and
Trade shall coordinate with the Working Group for the Industrialization
Strategy and related ministries and sectors in reviewing and evaluating
implementation results by 2015 as well as appropriate experience of the
Japanese side, and base itself on such results and experience to adjust
contents of the Plan of Action which need to be implemented from 2016.
PRIME MINISTER
Nguyen Tan Dung