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MINISTRY
OF CONSTRUCTION
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|
THE
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence– Freedom – Happiness
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No:
26/2004/QD-BXD
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Hanoi,
November, 02, 2004
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DECISION
ON THE ISSUANCE OF TCXDVN 323 : 2004 “HIGH-RISE APARTMENT
BUILDINGS – DESIGN STANDARDS
THE MINISTER OF CONSTRUCTION
- Pursuant to Decree No
36/2003/NĐ-CP dated 4 April 2003 by the Government stipulating functions, duties,
authorities and mechanism of the Ministry of Construction.
- Pursuant to the Minutes
dated 23 March 2004 by the Council of Science – Technique assigned to review
the drafted "High-rise Apartment Buildings – Design Standards”
- In consideration of the
proposal made by the Rector of Architectural Research Institute at the official
letter Ref. 481/VNCKT-TC dated 24 September 2004 and the Head of Science -
Technology Department
DECIDES
Article 1:
To issue along with this Decision 01 Vietnam Construction Standard tilted
TCXDVN 323 : 2004 "High-rise Apartment Buildings – Design Standards"
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Article 3:
The Chief of Ministry Secretariat, Head of Science- Technology Department,
Rector of Architectural Research Institute and Heads of relevant units shall be
responsible for the implementation of this Decision./.
Recipients:
- As stated in Article 3
- Government Office
- Official Gazette
- Ministry of Justice
- Department of Legislation
- Filed in Office & Department of Science- Technology
MINISTER
OF CONSTRUCTION
Do Hong Quan
VIETNAM CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS
TCXDVN 323: 2004
HIGH-RISE APARTMENT BUILDING- DESIGN STANDARD
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TCXDVN 323: 2004- “High-rise
building- Design standards” stipulating design technical requirements for
high-rise apartment buildings, issued by the Ministry of Construction along
with Decision No26/2004/QD-BXD dated 2nd November 2004.
1. Scope
of Effect
This Standard is applied for the
design of apartment building with height from 9 to 40 floors.
Note: When designing for
buildings with less than 9 floors and dormitories, this Standard can be used as
references.
2.
Relevant documents
Vietnam Construction Regulations
TCVN 2737-1995- Loads and
Effects- Design Standards
TCVN 6160-1996- Fire fighting
and protection for High-rise Building – Design Requirements
TCVN 5760-1993- Fire-fighting
system – General requirements for design, installation and utilization
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TCVN 5687-1992- Ventilation, air
regulating and heating systems- Design standards. TCVN 4474-1987- Internal
water drainage system- Design standards.
TCVN 4513-1988- Internal water
supply system- Design standards.
TCVN 4605-1988- Heat techniques-
Protection structure- Design standards. TCVN 5744-1993- Lifts-Safety
requirements for installation and utilization. TCXD 16-1986- Artificial
lighting in civil works
TCXD 29-1991- Natural lighting
in civil works
TCXD 25-1991- Installation of
electric cables in houses and public buildings-Design standards.
TCXD 27-1991- Installation of
electric equipment in houses and public buildings-Design standards.
TCXD 198-1997- High-rise
buildings- Design for block reinforcement concrete structure.
TCXDVN 266-2002. Houses and
buildings- Guidelines on construction to ensure access for disabled people..
3.
Interpretation
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Construction
area (m2) x 100%
Land
area (m2)
Trong đó diện tích xây dựng công
trình được tính theo hình chiếu mặt bằng mái công trình.
of which the construction area
is calculated according to the projection of the roof surface
3.2. Land-using coefficient: the
ratio of total work floor area over land area.
HSD
=
Total
floor area
Land
area
of which the total construction
area is excluding the floor area of basement and roof.
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4.1.Design for high-rise buildings
shall ensure safety, durability, appropriateness, aestheticism, being suitable
with climate condition, natural conditions and using demand of the community.
4.2. Design for high-rise
buildings should be diversified in size and in accord with development trend of
the society, convenient for the work utilization and management.
4.3. Design for high-rise
buildings shall ensure security, noise-proofing, view and environment hygiene
as well as maintaining independent, self-contained, convenient and safe-for-use
features.
4.4. High-rise buildings shall
ensure users can make use of fixtures, equipment and service systems such as
air conditioners, gas supply, TV cables, telephone system, telecommunications,
garbage collection, etc.
4.5. Design for high-rise
buildings shall consider the impact of earthquake and storms as stipulated in
current regulations
4.5.1. Select a design solution
appropriate to the specific conditions of the project. Solid reinforcement
concrete structure should be used. The strength resistant system of a high-rise
building shall be clear and coherent.
4.5.2. Select a solution for
surface and shape organization to ensure the work stiffness.
4.6. Design for high-rise
buildings shall ensure stabilization and durability with deformity within
allowed limit.
4.7. The arrangement of
settlement gap, expansion gap shall conform to the requirements of current
standards.
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5.
Requirements for master plan in the new urban development area
5.1. The land to be used for
construction of high-rise buildings shall meet the following basic principles:
a) Being suitable with the
approved master plan;
b) Having uniform service infrastructure
systems, satisfying requirements for present and future development.
c) Ensuring fire and explosion
protection, being convenient for fire fighting and ensuring environmental
hygiene.
Note: High-rise buildings shall
only be constructed alternately in old city areas once infrastructure service
systems for the work such as power supply, water supply, water drainage,
communication systems and connection to the infrastructure facilities of the
urban area are ensured.
5.2. Subject to requirements for
construction planning, urban landscaping architecture, high- rise buildings
shall be designed according to the limited height stipulated for each area by
the urban planning department.
5.3. It is required to ensure a
construction density not exceeding 40% and land-using coefficient not exceeding
5,0 when designing high-rise buildings in new urban areas
Note:
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2) The construction density as
above-stated should take into account the construction area of other works in
urban zone such as low-rise buildings, public facilities, etc.
3) For high-rise buildings to be
built in a land located in the old urban areas, construction density and
land-using coefficient will be considered based on the specific conditions of
such land and subject to the authorities’ approvals
5.4. The functional spaces in a
new urban area shall comprise:
- Functional space for dwelling;
- Functional space for culture
and education;
- Functional space for services,
trading;
- Functional space for
relaxation, entertainment;
- Functional space for static
and dynamic traffic;
- Functional space for
administration & management of the dwelling area;
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- Infrastructure service
systems.
5.5. The layout of a high-rise
building shall ensure to meet the requirements for fire fighting and
protection, lighting, ventilation, noise protection, hygienic spacing and
appropriate for the following conditions:
a) Well solving the relationship
between current construction and planned future development, between permanent
works and temporary works.
b) Taking full advantage of
natural ventilation, making it cool in summer, limiting cold winds in winter
and avoiding to create wind-pressure zones;
c) Making favorable conditions
for synchronously designing infrastructure systems such as power supply, water
supply, water drainage, technical equipment installation, communications, gas
supply, traffic, yards, gates and fence walls.
5.6. The domestic water drainage
system and storm water drainage system shall be separately designed. If the
water drainage system is not connected to the urban common drainage system, it
shall be properly treated prior to discharging to the urban water drainage
area.
5.7. Subject to the planning for
architectural space, height of the project and road width, the minimum setback
of a high-rise building shall not be less than 6m. .
5.8. The distance between the
opposite fronts of two independent high-rise buildings shall ensure
ventilation, natural lighting, safety on fire conditions and shall not be less
than 25m (see Figure1).
a) Two parallel buildings
b) Two alternate buildings
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L- Distance between two opposite
fronts
Figure 1. Minimum distance
between two buildings
5.9. In order to ensure a safety
distance for fire protection in high-rise buildings, roads reserved for
fire-engine shall have a width clearance not less than 3,5m and clearance
height not less than 4,25m. At the end of a cul-de-sac there shall be a clear
space for vehicle turning. The dimension of such turning area shall not be less
than 15m x 15m.
5.10. When designing for the
construction of a high-rise building, parking area shall be considered. The
parking area can be located either inside or outside the work. Its area is
calculated as follows:
- Car-park: one parking area for
from 4 to 6 families with standardized area of 25m2/car;
- Motorbike-park: to take as an
average of 2 motorcycles/family with standardized area from 2,5m2/motorcycle to
3,0m2/motorcycle and 1 bicycle/family with standardized area of 0,9m2/bicycle.
6. Content
and solution of project design
6.1. When designing high-rise building,
it is required to take into consideration the work activities, using objects,
psychological factor, eco-social condition, natural weather condition and
future high-rise building development tendency to define apartment framework
and to select appropriate design solution.
6.2. Functional space categories
in high-rise buildings:
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- Functional space for public
services: home-appliance repair service, common parking area and other public,
cultural services, etc.
- Functional space for
administrative management: rooms for administrative management and technical
management of the building.
- Functional space for dwelling:
apartments;
- Functional space for
communicating: staircase, corridor, lift, etc.
- Technical space: room for
electrical equipment, water supply equipment, garbage collection, etc.
6.2.1. Functional space for
common meeting area in high-rise buildings
6.2.1.1. The main hall to a
high-rise building shall be easily recognized. The hall is required to be
arranged with some public functions such as reception room, security guards,
waiting room, individual mail-box, etc.
6.2.1.2. In a high-rise building,
it is required to arrange a multi-purpose room for the building. This room
shall be located in the first floor, combined with the hall or may be arranged
in the roof floor or in the public service floor, to be used for the purposes
of meetings, collective activities of the organizations, groups, clubs or
served for sports, culture demands of the community dwelling in the building.
The standardized area to be
calculated is from 0,8m2/ seat to 1,0m2/ seat with total area not less than
36m2.
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6.2.2. Functional space for
public service in high-rise buildings
6.2.2.1. The functional spaces
for public service in high-rise buildings can be designed either in
concentrated or diversified manner to the building floors.
6.2.2.2. The organization of
public service in a high-rise building shall comply with the unit and be
concerned with the public service capability in urban area.
6.2.2.3. To ensure safety and
environmental hygiene, it is required not to position shops of construction
materials, chemicals, commodities which may cause environmental pollution,
materials which may cause fire or explosion, public canteen with kitchen,
public bathrooms, laundries, public toilets, etc. in a high-rise building.
6.2.3. Functional space for
administrative and technical management in high-rise buildings
6.2.3.1. In a high-rise
building, it is required to position rooms for building management staff,
car-watching staff, security guards and technical service staff.
6.2.3.2. Subject to specific
conditions, the above-mentioned spaces shall be located in the basement or the
first floor of the building. Working area is calculated on the basis of from
5m2/person to 6m2/person.
There shall be one technical
room in each floor.
6.2.4. Functional space for an
apartment
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Apartment hall
Living room
Working, studying area
Ancestor altar area
Bedrooms
Dining room
Kitchen
Toilets
Clothes washing/drying area
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Storage room.
6.2.4.2. Subject to using
purpose, the above-stated spaces can be arranged in combination as follows:
- Apartment hall: directly used as
living room, combined to be used as hat, cloth, shoe placing area...
- Living room: can be opened to
kitchen, dining room and balcony or loggia.
- Working. studying area: can be
combined to be used as bed rooms;
- Dining room: can be
combined/connected to living room;
- Kitchen-combined with dining
room: with direct access, close to balcony or loggia, fixed with technical
systems (water supply/drainage, gas supply, etc.
- Toilet: either for commonly
used or along with bedroom.
- Clothes washing/drying area:
to be located in the common toilet.
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- Storehouse: can be combined
with wardrobe space in the bedroom, ceiling-adjacent space or in the niches. .
- Ancestor alter place: can be
located in the living room or combined with working space or in individual
room.
(Figure 2 illustrates a typical
unit and plan of a typical apartment).
6.2.4.3. The apartment room
arrangement shall ensure to meet following requirements:
- Being reasonable in using
line, ensuring independence, closing, creating harmonious architectural space;
- Being flexible in conversion.
Able to be used reasonably, safely, not destroying the work structure and
durability; Having a wide and airy space with open layout to increase the
effect of the apartment architectural space.
- Ensuring hygienic requirements
and microclimate conditions for the apartment.
6.2.4.4. To ensure users’safety and
conveniences, the partition walls between the apartments shall be made of kinds
of materials which are durable and sound-proof.
6.2.4.5. From Floor 6 upwards,
it is required not to design for balcony (loggia is allowed). Loggia balustrade
(handrail) foot shall not be open type. Height of loggia handrail shall not be
less than 1,2m.
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6.2.4.7. The reasonable number
of apartments in a floor of high-rise building unit should be from 4 to 6,
located around a traffic knot of lift or staircase.
6.2.4.8. The minimum number of
rooms in an apartment shall not be less than 2.
6.2.4.9. The apartment area
should not be less than 50m2 .
6.2.4.10. The apartments in a
high-rise building are classified into 3 categories: small (A), average (B) and
large (C). The ratio of small, average and large apartment number shall be 1::
2: 1.
For area and convenience rate of
apartment types please refer to Table 1.
6.2.4.11. The minimum using area
of some basic parts in an apartment are stated as follows:
- Apartment hall: 3m2;
- Living room: 14m2;
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- Single bedroom: 10m2
- Toilet with bath-tub: 5m2;
with shower: 3m2
- Kitchen: 5m2;
- Kitchen combined with dining
room: 12m2
6.2.4.12. Clearance height of
the rooms shall neither be less than 3m nor larger than 3,6m.
Note: Clearance height means the
height from floor surface to the lower side of the ceiling.
6.2.4.13. Kitchen, toilet can be
designed lower but not smaller than 2,4m.
TABLE 1. CATEGORIES OF
APARTMENT AND CONVENIENCE RATE
Type
of apartment
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Living
standard
Number
of rooms
Person/apa
rtment
Convenience
Area
(m2)
A
A1
1-
2
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Meeting
requirements
≥
50
2
A2
Fair
Complete
55-60
2
A3
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High-class
65-70
2-3
B
B1
3-4
Average
Meeting
requirements
75-80
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B2
Fair
Complete
85-90
4
B3
High
High-class
95-100
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C
C1
5-6
Average
Meeting
requirements
105-110
5
C2
Fair
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115-120
6
C3
High
High-class
>125
6-7
Note:
1) Number of rooms calculated
consist of living room, working room, study room, entertainment room and bed
room.
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- Interior finishing materials
and quality of the apartment;
- Kitchen and toilet equipment;
- Living area standard (room
size and structure);
- Landscape view of apartment
rooms
6.2.5. Functional space for
movement in a high-rise building
The vertical movement in a high-rise
building shall consist of staircases and lifts.
6.2.5.1. Staircase
6.2.5.1.1. Staircase shall be
designed and located in such a manner that meets using demand and ensures
safety for people escaping. Number of staircases of a unit in high-rise building
shall not be less than 2, in which there must be a direct staircase connected
to Floor 1 and another going to the roof floor.
Note: In case there is a
staircase bordering outside, only one staircase is required.
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6.2.5.1.3. The height of stair
section shall not be more than 1,8m and landing shall be positioned. The width
of landing shall be either larger than or equal to the stair width.
6.2.5.1.4. Handrails shall be
designed at least on one side of a staircase. The height of stair handrail
measured from stair edge shall not be less than 0,9m.
6.2.5.1.5. Stair riser width
shall not be larger than 150mm, while tread width shall not be smaller than
300mm.
6.2.5.1.6. It is allowed to
position in a stair garbage-collecting chamber door, electric panel, mail box,
etc. for each floor.
6.2.5.1.7. The distance measured
from apartment door to the staircase or to the building exit shall not be
larger than 25m
6.2.5.1.8. When designing stairs
in a high-rise building, attention should be paid to the requirement for smoke
exhausting once event occurs.
6.2.5.1.9. Corridor, buffer
room, hall shall be installed with ventilation system and automatically-opened
smoke exhausting valve once fire occurs.
6.2.5.2.Lift
6.2.5.2.1. Design for high-rise
building shall include lifts. Number of lift shall be appropriate with using
demand, but shall not be less than 2, of which there shall be one specialized
lift.
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- Number of floors and height of
floors;
- Number of apartment in the
building;
- Maximum number of people
requiring transportation during peak times;
- Requirements for service
quality;
- Other technical requirements.
6.2.5.2.3. Lift loading capacity
shall be from 420 kg to 630kg. The speed of lift located in a high-rise
building shall not be less than 1,5m/s.
Note:
1). It is required to position a
lift with cabin dimension of 2.200mm x 2.400mm to transport furnishings or even
stretcher in emergency cases
2). In case there are special
requirements, number of lifts, lift loading capacity and velocity shall be
fixed by designer.
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6.2.5.2.5. Lift shall be located
near the building entrance. Lift cabin shall be installed with handrail and
control board for the use of the disabled.
Note:
Design requirements for the disabled
to get access and use shall conform to the regulations stipulated in the
Standards “Houses and buildings – Guidelines on building construction to ensure
the disabled’ s use and accessibility”
6.2.5.2.6. Once an event occurs,
lift shall be able to automatically move to the closest floor and automatically
open its door.
6.2.5.2.7. The compartment
storing lift machine and equipment shall not be directly located in a room but
in lift well only. The lift-well shall not be located next to a room and protection
measures against noise and vibration shall be taken.
6.2.5.2.8. Water tank shall not
be directly located on the lift-well. No water, heat or gas supply pipe is
allowed to pass through a lift well.
6.2.5.2.9. Lift well shall be
ensured for air ventilation, moisture-proofing, noise proofing and against
decompression.
6.2.5.2.10. Lift door shall not
be bordered with staircase to avoid the possible blocking of people in
emergency cases.
6.2.5.2.11. Lift shall not be
used as an emergency exit for people.
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6.2.6. Technical space
6.2.6.1. The technical space in
a high-rise building shall be located in the basement or service floor of the
building.
Note: When using the basement as
service floor, it is required to take effective measures for water drainage and
water proofing.
6.2.6.2. The clearance height of
the service floor shall be defined for each specific case, subject to type of
equipment and system arranged in the service floor, taking into account
operation and utilization conditions
6.2.6.3. It is required to
position ventilation opening for the service floor with total area of the
opening not less than 1/400 of the service floor area and it shall be equally
distributed on the external wall perimeter. The surface area of each opening
shall be at least 0,05m2.
6.2.6.4. In the service floor,
fire-resistant doors shall be made of fire-proofing materials as stipulated in
current regulations on fire protection and fighting for houses and buildings.
6.2.7. Basement
6.2.7.1. The basement can be
used as service floor, vehicle-parking area, electrical panel location and
building water pump location.
Note: When designing building
basement, it is required to consider also the civil defense workability in
necessary cases.
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6.2.7.3. It is required to
design a lift going down to the building basement.
6.2.7.4. Exits from the basement
shall not be connected to the building corridors but be designed going out
directly. Number of exits shall not be less than 2, with a dimension not less
than 0,9m x 1,2m.
6.2.7.5. Waterproofing and
ventilation measures for the basement shall be taken.
6.2.8. Roof
6.2.8.1. The roof of a high-rise
building shall ensure heat protection and waterproofing functions. It is
required to select roof materials and structure conforming to the requirements
for heat-proofing, humidity proofing and water drainage.
6.2.8.2. On the roof of a
high-rise building, it is possible to install water tank, suction openings, air
discharging openings, central control (if any), lifts, and specialized
equipment, etc.
6.2.8.3. The system of framework
serving for the repair and maintenance of the building external surfaces during
operation shall be firmly anchored to the building roof supporting structure.
6.2.8.4. On the roof there shall
be rainwater-collecting system through gutter which conducts water through the
risers to the external water drainage system.
6.2.8.5. Protection measures
against dew stagnant, water proofing and moisture proofing for the roof
heat-insulation layer shall be taken.
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6.2.9. Window
6.2.9.1. The window of a high-rise
building shall be designed in styles of sash window, vertical sliding window,
horizontal sliding window or combined window. Window technical specifications
are stipulated in current standards for wooden and metal windows.
6.2.9.2. Windows shall be
ensured for mechanical durability, wind pressure durability, water proofing
durability and air clearance. The materials used to make buffer joints and
adhesive substances between glass and frame, wing frame and window frame shall
meet requirements for elasticity, adhesiveness and water proofing.
6.2.9.3. Window sill shall
ensure water drainage. The drainage opening shall not be smaller than 5mm2.
Details for rainwater wiper at the lower bar of window frame are required.
6.2.9.4. When installing window,
water stagnancy among the assembled items shall be avoided. The assembled
corners shall be firmly jointed and smoothened. Glass-placing hems shall be
able to be assembled and dismantled easily.
6.2.9.5. Glass to be used for
external wall windows of a high-rise building shall be types of safe glass,
steel mesh glass which can reduce sun radiation and meet the requirements of
current standards for safe glass
6.2.10. Building floor and
foundation
6.2.10.1. The floor surface of
the rooms shall ensure not to be slippery, having no splits, no abrasion, being
easy to clean and moisture proofing
6.2.10.2. The building floor
shall ensure not to vibrate and be sound-proofing during using period.
Poisonous materials or additives shall not be used as floor-plastering materials.
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6.2.11. Air ventilating pipes
and garbage dispose pipes
6.2.11.1. Air-ducts and natural
air ventilation piping systems in a high-rise building shall conform to the
following regulations :
a) Air ducts and air ventilation
pipes shall be made of non-flammable materials; Brittle or fragile ducts/pipes
shall not be used.
b) Cross section, shape,
dimension and internal side of air-ducts and air ventilation ducts shall be
convenient for air exhausting, not to cause obstruction, blockage, smoke
leakage and back-discharging;
c) Total area of ventilation
duct cross section shall be defined on the basis of the required air quantity
to avoid pressure discrepancy phenomenon between the air discharging risers and
atmosphere pressure;
d) Air-ducts and air ventilation
pipes shall be kept separate;
e) Air-ducts and air ventilation
pipes shall be placed over the roof. The protruding height shall not be less
than 0,7m. They shall be located ≥ 3m away from window or air- suction opening
horizontally. On the top of pipes, measures against back-exhausting shall be
taken.
6.2.11.2. Depending on specific
conditions, in a high-rise building it is possible to collect garbage from the
disposal place at every floor or to position a garbage disposing tube.
If garbage is collected in
place, then the garbage collecting location of each floor shall be positioned
at the hidden corner near staircase or lift; Measures against bad smell
spreading into the apartments shall be applied.
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6.2.11.3. The garbage collecting
opening of the garbage disposal tube at each floor shall have tightly-sealed
lid for soundproofing and to prevent bad odor, cockroach, insects from coming
into the apartments.
6.2.11.4 . The garbage-disposing
tube shall be positioned against the external wall, in vertical position and
made of non-flammable materials with interior surface being smooth,
non-sticking, non-leaked and having no protruding objects. To reduce noise and
avoid fire risks during operation, the garbage disposing tube should be
designed in cylinder shape with a diameter not less than 0,5m and equipped with
tube cleaning equipment.
6.2.11.5. At the end of garbage
disposing tube there shall be an air-exhausting pipe protruding some 0.7m on
the roof. Its cross section shall not be less than 0,05m2, and there shall be
cover placed on the tube end to protect it from the rain and net to protect it
from mice or insects.
6.2.11.6. The garbage collecting
chamber shall be located right under the garbage disposing tube at the first
floor. Clearance height of the garbage collecting chamber shall be at least
2,5m.
6.2.11.7. The garbage collecting
chamber shall have a separate entrance and door opening outside. The garbage
chamber door shall be insulated from the building entrance by a solid wall and
separated by a fireproofing wall
6.2.11.8. The garbage chamber
door shall ensure a hygienic insulation distance. Methods for collecting and
transporting garbage shall comply with the city’s garbage management
methodology. It is also required to build a manhole to collect water flowing
from the garbage chamber to discharge into the waste water drainage system or
to position a local water drainage pump.
6.3. Solution of horizontal
surface and vertical surface combination in a high-rise building
6.3.1. Plan for high-rise building
surface shall be appropriate to using demand, ensuring natural air ventilation
and lighting requirements, and also requiring a reasonable supporting diagram,
facilitating service systems such as vertical traffic knots (lift, staircase),
positioning toilets, kitchens, water supply and drainage pipes, lighting
system, telephone cables, television cables, telecommunication cables,
fire-fighting water supply pipeline, garbage disposing tube, gas supply
pipeline, etc.
6.3.2. The architectural items
on the vertical front of a high-rise building shall be made of materials with
high durability, anti-musty, ensuring the functions of shielding, air
ventilating, sun-shading and rainwater-proofing
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7.
Requirements for water supply/drainage
7.1. In a high-rise building, it
is required to design domestic water supply system and fire-fighting water supply
system as stipulated in current standards.
7.2. Subject to convenience
grade, maximum standard for daily water using shall be from 200l /person/day to
300l/person/day. Standard for fire-fighting water supply shall be
2,5l/second/hydrant, while number of hydrants inside a building shall be 2.
7.3. It is necessary to
absolutely take advantage of the pressure of the external water supply
pipeline. Once pressure is insufficient, it is required to design water supply
localizing system to ensure water flow and pressure. The working water pressure
of cleaning device in the domestic water supply system shall not be over 60m.
The frequent free pressure of the internal fire-fighting water hydrants shall
ensure a water column height not lower than 6m.
Note: For the area where water
pressure is not sufficient to supply water for the fire-fighting hydrants in
the building, it is necessary to install a pump to increase pressure with
remote controller to be located at the hydrants.
7.4. It is required to ensure
continuous water supply for water using demand in a high-rise building.
7.5. In the case water pressure
and water flow are not sufficient, it is required to position water reservoir,
pump or other pressure-increasing equipment.
7.6. The distribution network of
the internal water supply pipework in a high-rise building shall be placed in
the basement or service floor but not be shared with air duct and air
ventilation pipes.
7.7. It is necessary to take
measures against noise produced by hydraulic collision of water supply/drainage
equipment such as pressure-reducing valve, water tap, pump, etc.
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- When flow is unchanged, washer
(a plate punched with holes) shall be placed;
- When flow is changed,
pressure-adjusting equipment shall be placed.
7.9. The pressure vessel or
water tank shall be placed on the roof of a high-rise building to ensure the
reserved water volume and to adjust the non-regulatory water system and to
supply water for fire-fighting in 10-minute period. It is required a separate
distribution pipe to ensure that the fire-fighting water volume is not used for
other purposes.
Note: In all cases, the pressure
vessel capacity shall not be over 25 m3. Exceeding this limit, it shall be
divided into smaller portions to serve for a fixed water supply area.
7.10. The standard for waste
water shall be taken from water supply standards and be designed according to
self-flowing system. If it is impossible to self-flow to the external drainage
system, a water drainage pumping station shall be designed. Design for internal
water drainage system is required to conform to current standards.
7.11. For domestic wastewater
drainage system, soil water and bath water are required to keep separate.
7.12. It is required to design
for rainwater drainage system on the roof and rainwater drainage system in the
basement. The basement rainwater drainage system shall operate by collecting
water from the manholes, then an automatic pump shall be used to pump water
into the drainage system.
7.13. To position a rainwater
collecting funnel on the roof, it is required to calculate on the basis of roof
surface, water collecting area allowed for a funnel and roof structure.
8. Design
requirements for air ventilation and conditioning
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8.2. It is allowed to design
central air conditioning system for public service spaces in a high- rise
building. The central air conditioning system can be either an independent or
dependent unit located where appropriate to the length of air-conducting
pipeline which should not be over 60m.
8.3. For residential apartments,
it is recommended to design local air conditioning system. Spaces for
installing air conditioning equipment and water-collecting pipes from air
conditioner shall be reserved in order not to affect the building front
architecture and environmental hygiene.
8.4. When designing air
ventilation and conditioning systems in a high-rise building, it is required to
meet the standards of room convenience and climate limits.
8.5. When designing air
ventilation and conditioning systems, it is required to have reasonable
technological, architectural and structural solutions in order to meet
hygienic, technical, economical requirements.
8.6. To ensure natural air
ventilation, it is required to create room-passing air by air-receiving and
air-discharging doors (openings?)
8.7. It is required to take
measures for heat protection and sun shading in compliance with current
regulations.
8.8. The air conduct pipe of the
air ventilating and regulating system shall be vertically positioned to
discharge and supply air. These vertical pipes shall be assembled with air
branch pipes for every floor, using either mechanical or natural pushing force
The floor branch pipes shall be
connected to the vertical pipes located close to the ceiling of the upper floor
or lower floor against the floor having branch pipes.
For buildings with height from
10 floors or more, on the air-suction branch pipe of the 2 top floors, at the
inlet point connected to the horizontal pipe an automatic check valve shall be
installed.
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9.1. Lighting system design for high-rise
building shall conform to current lighting regulations. Natural lighting should
be absolutely taken advantage of. Natural lighting can be lateral lighting,
atop lighting or combined lighting.
Note: In case the natural
lighting is not sufficient, artificial lighting is required for working,
illuminating once event occurs, evacuating people and for security purpose.
9.2. The architectural solutions
applied for sun-shading shall not cause any effect to natural lighting.
9.3. The electric distribution
panel which provides lighting in a high-rise building shall be located in the
technical room. The electric panels shall be located in every floor to supply
power for the apartments and to facilitate the management, utilization, repair
as well as ensuring beauty.
9.4. The power supply from floor
electric panels to every individual apartment electric panel shall be made
through electrical cables or wires which are located along the corridors and
embedded in the walls. In case the electric wires and cables are clamped in
exposure, they are required to pass through fireproof plastic tube or steel
tube.
9.5. The lighting system shall
be protected with Circuit Breakers. All control switches and plugs shall be
installed at a height of 1,20m.
9.6. At the corridors,
staircases, floor halls, it is required to install emergency lighting system
and people-evacuating lighting system.
9.7. The electric cable network
shall be designed independently to other systems and shall ensure to facilitate
repair, replacement when necessary. Rules for installing electric wire/cable
and electric equipment shall be taken from the Standards for electric cables
and equipment installation for houses and public buildings.
9.8. When designing high-rise
building, special attention shall be taken to lightning protection solutions to
avoid the possibility of being directly struck by lightning, protecting the
building from electrostatic induction, electromagnetic induction and lightning
high voltage which transmit along the low voltage electric cable network of the
building. It is recommended to use advanced lightning protection system,
ensuring architectural aesthetic, waterproofing and roof-leakage proofing.
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9.10. In a high-rise building,
it is required to design the systems of communication, PA and television
uniformly. In necessary cases, remote control system for technical equipment
shall be provided.
9.11. Designing and installing
communication system, radio and television systems shall conform to the related
specialized standards. The cable dividing panel shall be located in the
technical rooms which are built on platforms with height of 0,5m. Cables shall
then be puled up to the connection boxes located in every floor. Such cable
connection boxes shall be placed at a height over 1,5m.
9.12. In the apartments, the
telephone plugs embedded in the wall shall be located at a height of 0,5m
subject to interior architecture. The telephone network shall be designed
according to concept diagram of ray-shaped network
9.13. All conduct wires shall be
embedded in the walls and pulled out to wire-connection boxes located in every
floor. From these boxes, wires/cables shall be pulled down to cable dividing
panel located in Floor 1 to be connected the city system.
9.14. It is allowed to locate
antenna masts receiving radio and television waves on the building roof. In
necessary cases, it is permitted to install television wave receiving equipment
on the top floor. The television network system from distribution panel to the
apartments shall be closed. Lightning protection solution shall be applied for
television wave receiving poles.
9.15. To ensure security for the
whole building, code locking system should be located at the main hall
entrance.
9.16. The concentrated gas
supply system shall conform to the specialized regulations concerned.
10. Design
requirements for fire fighting and protection (the regulations stated herein
are compulsory)
10.1. When designing for fire
fighting and protection system of a high-rise building, it is required to
comply with the current regulations concerned.
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10.3. A high-rise building shall
be designed with Fire-Grade 1. Minimum fire resistant limit of the construction
materials and components are stipulated in the current regulations of fire
fighting and protection for houses and buildings.
10.4. In a high-rise building,
it is required to divide into fire-proof areas or sections. A fireproof area is
a buffering space which divides the building according to the width (length)
and height of the building.
10.5. Fire-fighting and protection
safety distance from apartment door to the nearest exit in a building shall be
ensured. Such distance shall not be larger than 25m.
10.6. The location of
vehicle-parking area in a high-rise building shall ensure to meet requirements
for fire-proofing and emergency exit for people once an event occurs.
10.7. Emergency stairs shall be
designed adjoining outside.
10.8. An emergency exit shall be
considered as safe once meeting one of following requirements:
- Going from Floor 1 apartments
directly outside or though front hall outside;
- Going from an apartment at any
floor (except Floor 1) to a corridor with an exit.
10.9. Emergency staircase and
corridor shall ensure the following requirements:
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- Having emergency lighting
system.
10.10. In a high-rise building,
fire-alarm system should be installed. It is subject to convenience rate and
using demand that an appropriate fire-alarm system will be chosen.
10.11. The automatic fire alarm
system shall be located in the center of the building, consisting of central
fire alarm panel, location signal board, smoke detector, heat detector and
emergency fire alarm. Besides, there shall be sonic fire-alarm equipment and
equipment to contact with fire brigade. Technical requirements for fire-alarm
system installation shall conform to current regulations.
10.12. Smoke detector, heat
detector shall be installed in vehicle-parking area, other public areas,
electric control rooms, lift operation control room.
10.13. Alarming equipment such
as P.A., alarm siren and emergency button shall be installed in all places
where can be seen easily, operated easily and are easy to transfer alarm
signals and to inform fire locations.
10.14. Fire-hose boxes shall be
located in every floor at staircase landings and shall ensure to supply water
for fire-fighting once fire occurs.
10.15. Fire hydrants shall be
located outside a high-rise building. This hydrant is installed to connect the
internal fire-fighting pipework system to the external fire-fighting water
supply source.
10.16. In a high-rise building,
ventilation and smoke exhausting systems shall be installed in corridor and
staircase. The system components shall be made of fire-resistant materials.
10.17. Ventilation or
air-blowing system in a staircase shall ensure safety for the equipment
concerned and window opening/closing.
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10.19. In the lift well, it is
required to ensure exterior air supply to be supplied from a separate system to
the upper part of the lift well once fire takes place.
10.20. Ventilation and smoke
exhausting equipment shall be located in separate and fireproof ventilation
box. Fire-box and control panel shall be located in every floor.