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THE
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF VIETNAM
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THE
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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Law
No. 66/2025/QH15
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Hanoi,
June 14, 2025
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LAW
ON EXCISE TAX
Pursuant to the Constitution of the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
The National Assembly hereby
promulgates the Law on Excise Tax.
Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1.
Scope
This Law provides for taxable
objects and non-taxable objects, taxpayers, tax bases, tax refund, tax credit,
and reduction of excise tax.
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1. Goods subject to excise tax
include:
a) Tobacco, as provided in the Law
on prevention and control of tobacco harms;
b) Liquor (alcoholic beverages), as
provided in the Law on prevention and control of alcohol and beer harms;
c) Beer, as provided in the Law on
prevention and control of alcohol and beer harms;
d) Motor vehicles with fewer than
24 seats, including: passenger cars; four-wheeled passenger motor vehicles;
passenger pick-up trucks; double-cabin pick-up trucks; and VAN-type trucks with
two or more rows of seats and a fixed partition between the passenger and cargo
compartments;
dd) Two-wheeled and three-wheeled
motorcycles with a cylinder capacity exceeding 125 cm³;
e) Aircraft, helicopters, gliders,
and yachts;
g) All types of gasoline;
h) Air conditioners with a capacity
from over 24,000 BTU to 90,000 BTU, except those designed by the manufacturer
exclusively for installation in means of transport, including automobiles,
railway carriages, aircraft, helicopters, ships, and boats. In cases where
organizations or individuals sell or import separately the components of an air
conditioner (indoor or outdoor units), the goods sold or imported (indoor or
outdoor units) shall still be subject to excise tax as if they were a complete
air-conditioning unit;
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k) Joss paper and votive paper
products, excluding those that are children’s toys or teaching aids;
l) Beverages under the National Technical
Standards (TCVN) with a sugar content of more than 5g/100mL.
Goods specified in this Clause
refer to finished products, excluding components for assembling such goods.
2. Taxable services include:
a) Nightclub business;
b) Massage and karaoke business;
c) Casino business; prize-winning
electronic games, including jackpot machines, slot machines, and other similar
types;
d) Betting business, including
sports betting, entertainment betting, and other forms of betting as prescribed
by law;
dd) Golf business;
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3. Where it is necessary to amend
or supplement taxable objects to suit the socio-economic context in each
period, the Government shall submit to the Standing Committee of the National
Assembly for consideration and decision, and report to the National Assembly at
the nearest session.
4. The Government shall provide
detailed regulations on this Article.
Article 3.
Non-taxable objects
1. Goods specified in Clause 1,
Article 2 of this Law shall not be subject to excise tax in the following
cases:
a) Goods produced, processed, or
processed under contract by organizations or individuals for direct export
abroad, or sold/entrusted to other traders for export abroad;
b) Imported goods, including:
b1) Humanitarian aid,
non-refundable aid (including goods imported with non-refundable aid funds
approved by competent authorities); humanitarian relief goods, emergency relief
goods to remedy consequences of war, natural disasters, epidemics; gifts from
foreign organizations and individuals to State agencies, political
organizations, socio-political organizations, political-socio-professional
organizations, social organizations, socio-professional organizations, people’s
armed forces units, public sector entities within the duty-free quotas prescribed
by the law on export and import duties; gifts and presents to individuals in
Vietnam within the duty-free quotas prescribed by the law on export and import
duties;
b2) Goods in transit as prescribed
by the Law on commerce and Law on foreign trade management; transshipped or
transported goods; goods imported from abroad into bonded warehouses and then
exported to another country in accordance with the Law on customs;
b3) Goods temporarily imported for
re-export and temporarily exported for re-import, which are exempt from
import/export duty within the prescribed time limit under the Law on export and
import duties. If such goods are not re-exported/re-imported within the
prescribed time limit, or are sold or used for other purposes within the
temporary import/export period, traders must pay excise tax;
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b5) Exported goods that had been
subject to excise tax but are re-imported into Vietnam after being returned by
foreign buyers;
c) Aircraft, helicopters, gliders, and
yachts used for business purposes in transporting goods, passengers, or
tourists, and aircraft, helicopters, gliders used for security, defense,
ambulance, rescue, fire-fighting, pilot training, filming, photography,
mapping, or agricultural production purposes;
d) Ambulances; prison vans;
hearses; motor vehicles designed with both seats and standing places for 24
passengers or more; passenger motor vehicles and four-wheeled motor vehicles
that are not registered for road use and are operated only within amusement
parks, sports facilities, historical sites, hospitals, schools, and other
specialized motor vehicles as prescribed by the Government.
2. Where it is deemed necessary to
amend non-taxable objects in line with socio-economic circumstances from time
to time, the Government shall submit to the Standing Committee of the National
Assembly for consideration and decision, and report to the National Assembly at
its nearest session.
3. The Government shall provide
detailed regulations on this Article.
Article 4.
Taxpayers
1. Excise taxpayers are
organizations and individuals that manufacture, process, or import goods, and
provide services subject to excise tax.
2. In cases where organizations or
individuals engaged in export business purchase excisable goods from
manufacturers for export but subsequently sell such goods for domestic
consumption instead of exporting them, those organizations or individuals shall
be liable to pay excise tax.
Chapter II
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Article 5. Tax
bases and calculation methods
1. Tax bases:
a) For ad valorem tax calculation:
the tax base is the taxable price of excisable goods or services multiplied by
the applicable tax rate;
b) For specific tax calculation:
the tax base is the quantity of excisable goods multiplied by the specific
(fixed) tax amount.
2. Calculation methods:
Excise tax payable
=
Ad
valorem excise tax
+
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Where:
Ad
valorem excise tax
=
Price
of taxable goods/services
x
Tax
rate
Specific
excise tax
=
Quantity
of taxable goods
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Specific
tax amount
Article 6.
Taxable price
1. The taxable price for excise tax
purposes is the selling price or service fee exclusive of excise tax,
environmental protection tax, and value-added tax, and is determined as
follows:
a) For domestically
manufactured goods and imported goods: the selling price set by manufacturers
or importers
In cases where excise taxable goods
are sold to a trading enterprise that has a parent-subsidiary relationship, or
where the producer, importer, and trading enterprise are affiliates under the
same parent company, or are otherwise related parties, the taxable price for
excise tax purposes must not be lower than a certain percentage of the average
selling price applied by independent trading enterprises purchasing directly
from the manufacturer or importer, as prescribed by the Government.
b) For imported goods, the excise
taxable price at the time of importation shall be the customs value as
prescribed by the law on export and import duties, plus import duty, plus any
additional import duties in accordance with the law on import duties or export
duties (if applicable). Where the imported goods are exempted from, or granted
reductions in, import duty or additional import duties, the excise taxable
price shall not include the exempted or reduced amounts of import duty or
additional import duties.
c) For processed goods: the taxable
price shall be the selling price set by the ordering organization/individual,
or the selling price of similar or equivalent products at the time of sale;
d) For goods produced under a
business cooperation contract between a manufacturer and an
organization/individual that owns or uses a brand name or production
technology: the taxable price shall be the selling price set by the
brand/technology owner or user. Where goods are manufactured under license and
transferred to a branch or representative office of a foreign company in
Vietnam for distribution, the taxable price shall be the selling price set by
such branch or representative office;
dd) For installment or deferred
payment sales: the taxable price shall be the one-off selling price, exclusive
of installment/deferred payment interest.
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e) For golf business, the excise
taxable price shall be the selling price of membership cards, golf playing
tickets, including green fees, practice range fees, course maintenance fees,
buggy rental, caddy fees, deposits (if any), and any other charges related to
golf, paid by golfers or members to the golf business entities or individuals.
g) For casino operations, prize-winning
electronic games, and betting activities, the taxable price is the revenue from
such activities minus the amount of winnings paid out to customers and the
refunded amounts for unused betting stakes (if any).
h) For discotheque, massage, and karaoke
businesses, the taxable price is the total revenue from such activities,
including revenue from food and beverage services and other related services.
i) For lottery businesses, the
taxable price is the revenue from ticket sales of all lottery types permitted
by law.
2. For goods and services used for
exchange, internal consumption, donation, gift, or promotion, the taxable price
is the excise taxable price of goods or services of the same type or equivalent
at the time of the transaction.
3. The taxable price of goods and
services under this Article includes any additional charges collected (if any)
and retained by the business entity.
4. The Government shall elaborate
this Article.
Article 7. Time
of excise tax determination
1. For goods: the time of
determining excise tax is the time when ownership or the right to use the goods
is transferred to the buyer, regardless of whether payment has been received.
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3. For imported goods: the time of
determining excise tax is the time of customs declaration registration.
Article 8.
Excise tax rates and specific tax amounts
1. Excise tax rates and specific
tax amounts applicable to goods and services are provided in the following
Excise Tax Schedule:
EXCISE
TAX SCHEDULE
No.
Goods
or services
Excise
tax rates and specific tax amounts
Ad
valorem rate (%)
Specific
tax amount
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Goods
1
Tobacco
a) Cigarettes
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- From January 1, 2027: VND
2,000/pack
- From January 1, 2028: VND
4,000/pack
- From January 1, 2029: VND
6,000/pack
- From January 1, 2030: VND
8,000/pack
- From January 1, 2031: VND
10,000/pack
b) Cigars
75
- From January 1, 2027: VND
20,000/cigar
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- From January 1, 2029: VND
60,000/cigar
- From January 1, 2030: VND
80,000/cigar
- From January 1, 2031: VND
100,000/cigar
c) Tobacco raw materials, pipe tobacco,
or other forms
75
- From January 1, 2027: VND
20,000/100g or 100ml
- From January 1, 2028: VND
40,000/100g or 100ml
- From January 1, 2029: VND
60,000/100g or 100ml
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- From January 1, 2031: VND 100,000/100g
or 100ml
2
Liquor
a) Alcohol ≥ 20 degrees
- From January 1, 2026: 65% 65
- From January 1, 2027: 70
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- From January 1, 2029: 80
- From January 1, 2030: 85
- From January 1, 2031: 90
b) Alcohol < 20 degrees
- From January 1, 2026: 35
- From January 1, 2027: 40
- From January 1, 2028: 45
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- From January 1, 2030: 55
- From January 1, 2031: 60
3
Beer
- From January 1, 2026: 65
- From January 1, 2027: 70
- From January 1, 2028: 75
- From January 1, 2029: 80
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- From January 1, 2031: 90
4
Motor vehicles with fewer than 24
seats
Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with up to 9 seats; pick-up passenger cars, except those specified
at Items 4dd, 4e, and 4g of the Schedule in this clause.
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- Cylinder capacity ≤ 1,500 cm³
35
- Cylinder capacity > 1,500
cm³ to 2,000 cm³
40
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50
- Cylinder capacity > 2,500 cm³
to 3,000 cm³
60
- Cylinder capacity > 3,000
cm³ to 4,000 cm³
90
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- Cylinder capacity > 4,000
cm³ to 5,000 cm³
110
- Cylinder capacity > 5,000
cm³ to 6,000 cm³
130
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150
b) Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with 10 to fewer than 16 seats, except those specified at
Items 4dd, 4e, and 4g of the Schedule in this clause.
15
c) Passenger cars and
four-wheeled motor vehicles with 16 to fewer than 24 seats, except those
specified at Items 4dd, 4e, and 4g of the Schedule in this clause.
10
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d) Double-cabin pick-up trucks
and VAN-type motor vehicles with two or more rows of seats and a fixed
partition between passenger and cargo compartments, except those specified at
Items 4dd, 4e, and 4g of the Schedule in this clause.
- Cylinder capacity ≤ 2,500 cm³
- From January 1, 2026: 15
- From January 1, 2027: 18
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- From January 1, 2029: 24
- Cylinder capacity > 2,500
cm³ to 3,000 cm³
- From January 1, 2026: 20
- From January 1, 2027: 23
- From January 1, 2028: 26
- From January 1, 2029: 29
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- Cylinder capacity > 3,000
cm³
- From January 1, 2026: 25
- From January 1, 2027: 28
- From January 1, 2028: 31
- From January 1, 2029: 34
dd) Motor vehicles under 24 seats
running on gasoline combined with electric energy (hybrid cars as defined by
the Government), gasoline combined with bio-energy (with gasoline ratio ≤ 70%
of total energy as prescribed), or natural gas
70% of the tax rate applicable to
the same category of vehicles specified at Items 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the
Schedule in this clause.
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e) Cars running on bio-fuel
50% of the tax rate applicable to
the same category of vehicles specified at Items 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the Schedule
in this clause.
g) Motor vehicles under 24 seats
running on electricity
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- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with up to 9 seats, including pick-up passenger cars
- From January 1, 2026: 3
- From March 1, 2027: 11
- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with 10 to under 16 seats
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- From March 1, 2027: 7
- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with 16 to under 24 seats
- From January 1, 2026: 1
- From March 1, 2027: 4
- Double-cabin pick-up trucks and
VAN-type motor vehicles with two or more rows of seats and a fixed partition
between passenger and cargo compartments
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- From March 1, 2027: 7
* Other electric vehicles under
24 seats:
- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with up to 9 seats, including pick-up passenger cars
15
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- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with 10 to under 16 seats
10
- Passenger cars and four-wheeled
motor vehicles with 16 to under 24 seats
5
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10
h) Motorhomes (camper vans, RVs),
regardless of cylinder capacity
75
5
Motorcycles (two- or
three-wheeled) with cylinder capacity > 125 cm³
20
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6
Airplanes, helicopters, gliders
30
7
Yachts
30
8
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a) Gasoline
10
b) E5 gasoline
8
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c) E10 gasoline
7
9
Air-conditioners with capacity
> 24,000 BTU up to 90,000 BTU
10
10
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40
11
Votive gilt papers and votive
objects
70
12
Non-alcoholic beverages under
TCVN with sugar content > 5g/100ml
- From January 1, 2027: 8
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II
Services
1
Discotheque business
40
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Massage, karaoke business
30
3
Casino, prize-winning electronic
games
35
4
Betting business
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5
Golf business
20
6
Lottery business
15
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The specific excise tax amounts on
cigars prescribed at Point b, Section 1, Part I of this Excise Tax Schedule
shall apply to cigars weighing 20 grams per stick. The Government shall
provide guidance on converting the specific tax amounts applicable to cigarette
packs containing a number of cigarettes other than 20.
Chapter III
TAX REFUND, TAX CREDIT,
TAX REDUCTION
Article 9. Tax
refund and tax credit
1. Taxpayers of excise tax shall be
entitled to a refund of tax already paid in the following cases:
a) Goods being imported raw
materials for the production or processing of exported goods.
The excise tax refund under this
Point shall only apply to the actual quantity of goods exported abroad;
b) Tax finalization upon
dissolution or bankruptcy in case of unutilized excise tax credit.
In case a partnership is converted
into a cooperative, the cooperative shall inherit the overpaid excise tax or
unutilized excise tax credit of the partnership to credit or claim refund in
accordance with regulations;
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2. Taxpayers producing goods
subject to excise tax from inputs on which excise tax has already been paid, if
possessing valid invoices/documents, shall be entitled to credit the excise tax
paid on inputs when determining the excise tax payable at the production stage.
For taxpayers permitted to produce
and blend bio-gasoline, any unutilized excise tax credit on mineral gasoline
used as input for producing/blending bio-gasoline (including unutilized excise
tax credit from the preceding tax period) may be offset against excise tax
payable on other taxable goods or services arising in the period. Unutilized
excise tax credit on mineral gasoline used for bio-gasoline production after
offsetting shall be carried forward to the next period or refunded.
Excise tax refund shall be sourced
from the central government budget’s excise tax revenues.
3. Importers of goods subject to
excise tax shall be entitled to credit the excise tax paid at the import stage
when determining the excise tax payable upon domestic sale.
4. The Government shall elaborate
this Article.
Article 10.
Tax reduction
1. Taxpayers producing goods
subject to excise tax who suffer difficulties due to natural disasters or
unexpected accidents shall be entitled to a tax reduction.
2. The tax reduction shall be
determined based on actual loss caused by natural disasters or unexpected
accidents, but not exceeding 30% of the excise tax payable for the year of
damage and not exceeding the value of damaged property after compensation (if
any).
3. Procedures and documentation for
tax reduction shall comply with the Law on Tax Administration.
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IMPLEMENTATION
PROVISIONS
Article 11.
Entry into force
1. This Law shall come into force
as of January 1, 2026.
2. The Law on Excise Tax No.
27/2008/QH12 as amended by Law No. 70/2014/QH13, Law No. 71/2014/QH13, Law No.
106/2016/QH13, and Law No. 03/2022/QH15 shall cease to be effective from the
effective date of this Law.
This Law was adopted by the
National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, Legislature XV, at its
9th Session, on 14 June 2025.
PRESIDENT
OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
Tran Thanh Man
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