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THE MINISTRY OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence-Freedom- Happiness
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No.
23/2012/TT-BKHCN
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Hanoi, November 23, 2012
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CIRCULAR
GUIDING
ON RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TRANSPORT SAFETY
Pursuant to the June
03, 2008 Law on atomic energy;
Pursuant to the
Government’s Decree No. 28/2008/ND-CP, of March 14, 2008 defining the
functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of
Science and Technology;
The Minister of
science and technology guiding on radioactive material transport safety,
Chapter 1.
GENERAL
PROVISIONS
Article 1.
Scope of regulation
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This Circular does not apply to the
transport of:
a) The radioactive material in scope
of facility conducting radioactive work without use of public roads;
b) Consumption goods containing
radioactive substances that are allowed to circulate and distribute;
c) Radioactive material that their
specific activity is lower than the specific activity of exempted radioactive material
or their total activity is lower than activity limit of an exempted consignment
specified in Columns 4 and 5 of Table 1, Table 2 of Vietnam Standards TCVN
6867-1:2001 "Radiation Safety - Safe Transportation of Radioactive Material
- Part 1: General Provisions (hereinafter referred to as TCVN 6868-1:2001);
d) Radioactive material have been put
into body of alive people or animals for purpose of health diagnostic and
treatment.
Article 2.
Subjects of application
This Circular applies to
organizations, individuals taking part in and relating to activities of
transport of radioactive material in solid, liquid, gas by means of transport
of road, railway, waterway and airway.
Article 3.
Interpretation of terms
In this Circular, the following terms
are construed as follows:
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2. A1 means value
used in order to define the activity limit of special-form radioactive material
in radioactive packages that are allowed to transport. The A1
value specified in column 2 table 1, table 2 TCVN 6867-1:2001.
3. A3 means value used in
order to define the activity limit of ordinary-form radioactive material in
radioactive packages that are allowed to transport. The A2
value specified in column 3 table 1, table 2 TCVN 6867-1:2001.
4. The specific activity of radioactive material
means
activity per weight of material in which the radionuclide(s) are dispersed
uniformly.
Unit is Bq/g.
5. Low hazardous alpha emitters mean
natural uranium, depleted uranium, natural thorium, uranium 238, thorium 232,
ores or crystallized ores containing
thorium 228 and thorium 230 or alpha emitters with half-life of less than 10
days.
6. A low specific activity (LSA) radioactive
material means the radioactive material, on its nature, with low specific
activity or radioactive material with average specific activity lower than the
limit specified in Article 8 of this Circular.
7. A low dispersible radioactive material
means a solid radioactive material that is not in powder form or a solid
radioactive material in a sealed capsule to prevent dispersion.
8. Fissile materials are uranium
233, uranium 235, plutonium 239, plutonium 241 or any combination of them. Fissile material
do not include natural uranium, depleted uranium that has not yet been
irradiated or has been irradiated only in the thermal reactor.
9. A surface contaminated object (SCO) is a
solid object that is not itself a radioactive material, but there are
radioactive material sticking on its surface.
10. The radioactive contamination means
the presence of radioactive substances on the surface in excess of 0.4 (Bq/cm2)
for the beta and gamma emitter and low toxicity alpha emitter, or excess of 0.04
(Bq/cm2) for all other alpha emitters.
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12. Fixed radioactive contamination means the
radioactive contamination not including provision in clause 11 Article 3 of
this Circular.
13. Thorium not yet irradiated is the
thorium that contains 10-7 gram or less than 10-7 gram of uranium 233 in one
gram of thorium 232.
14. Uranium not yet
irradiated is the uranium that contains 2 x 103 (Bq) or less
than 2 x 103 (Bq) of Plutoni, 9 x 106 (Bq) or less than 9
x 106 (Bq) of fissile products and 5 x 10-3 gram or less
than 5 x 10-3 gram of uranium 236 in one gram of uranium 235.
15. Natural uranium is uranium
containing 99.28% uranium 238 and 0.72% uranium 235.
16. Depleted uranium is the
uranium that contains less than 0.72% of uranium 235 isotope.
17. Enriched uranium is the
uranium that contains greater than 0.72% of uranium 235 isotope.
18. Containment means the assembly of
components essential for covering all the radioactive material, preventing
adverse effects caused by the radioactive material and suitable for the
transported radioactive material characteristics. The
containment can comprise of several layers, adsorber, structure separating or
shielding radiation, and equipment for loading, unloading, ventilation,
pressure reduction, cooling, shaking reduction, heat insulation, and
transportation. The
containment can be boxes, tank, containers, cistern.
19. Radioactive package (referred to
as package) is a structure comprising containments and radioactive material
inside, and prepared to be transported.
20. Radioactive consignment (referred to
as consignment) is a radioactive package or several radioactive packages
transported in a same batch.
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22. Tank is a type of a container, tub
used in transport in order to contain liquids, powders, granules, slurries, or
solids with a capacity of equal to or larger than 450 liters, and a capacity of
equal to or larger than 1000 litters in order to contain gases.
23. Design means the description
of
a special radioactive material or low dispersion radioactive material or
package or packaging that allows them to be identified exactly. The
description includes technical specifications, drawings and an analysis
demonstrating compliance with the regulations, National Standards and other
relevant regulations.
24. Transport Index (denoted as
TI) means the index of packages or containers holding radioactive material
being used in order to control over irradiation during transport in order to
ensure radioactive safety. The calculation for TI is specified in
Article 23 of this Circular.
25. Critical safety Index (denoted as
CSI) means the index of package or container holding fissile material aiming to
control over weight of fissile material and conditions of arrangement during
transport in order to ensure that such fissile material is always maintained at
the critical level. The calculation for CSI is specified in
Article 24 of this Circular.
26. United Nation number (denoted as
UN number) is a number series of four digits set out by the UN Council of
Expert on Transport of dangerous goods in order to identify a specific
substance or a group of specific substances.
27. Exclusive use means the right of the
consignor in monopoly use of a means of conveyance or a large freight
container, and all activities of loading and unloading of goods during
transport must be implemented in accordance with instructions from the
consignor or consignee.
28. The special approval means
approval of a competent agency to permit application under other guidance in
case transport of radioactive package fails to fully meet provisions of this
Circular.
Article 4.
The safety plan
Organizations, individuals
participating in course of transport of radioactive material must formulate and
implement safety plan. This plan includes the following requirements:
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2. There are plans for individual
radiation protection and inspection of radioactive contamination of packages,
packaging areas, storage areas and transportation means, dossiers of inspection
shall be established and kept.
3. The staff participating in course of
transport must be trained in radiation safety at facilities licensed for
training, have good knowledge in rule of fire fighting and prevention and
regulations on radioactive material safety transport.
4. The radioactive packages must be
isolated from the escort staff and the public. Isolation
distance shall be calculated based on the following dose limits as follows:
a) Dose limit for staff of escort,
loading, unloading and packaging is 5 (mSv/y);
b) Dose limit for the public in the
vicinity of the radioactive area: 1 (mSv/y).
5. Radioactive packages must be isolated
from undeveloped films. The basis for calculation of isolation
distance is the dose limit, that is 0.1 (mSv/ package of film).
Article 5.
The security plan
Organizations, individuals
participating in activities of radioactive material transport must elaborate
and implement security plan under guides of the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Article 6.
Plans for emergency response during transport
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Article 7.
Quality assurance
Organizations, individuals
participating in activities of transport must elaborate and implement program
on quality assurance under guides of the Department of Radiation Safety and Nuclear.
Chapter 2.
CLASSIFICATION
OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL AND RADIOACTIVE PACKAGES
ITEM 1.
CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
Article 8.
Radioactive material with low specific activity
Radioactive material with low specific
activity include: LSA-I, LSA-II and LSA-III.
1. LSA-I includes:
a) Uranium ores, thorium ores or their
crystallized ores and other ores containing natural the radionuclide(s) used in
order to produce these the radionuclide(s);
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c) Radioactive material which its A2
value is not be limited, except fissile material not be exempted as specified
in clause 1 Article 12 of this Circular;
d) Other radioactive material which
their activities are dispersed uniformly and their average specific activities
not exceed 30 times of activity concentration value specified in column 4 table
1 and column 4 table 2 TCVN 6867-1:2001, except fissile material not be
exempted as specified in clause 1 Article 12 of this Circular.
2. LSA-II includes:
a) Water with tritium concentration of
up to 0.8 (TBq/L);
b) Other radioactive material which
their activities are dispersed uniformly and their average specific activities
not exceed 10-4 A2 (TBq/g) for solid, gas and 10-5
A2 (TBq/g) for liquid.
3. LSA-III includes:
a) Radioactive material which are dispersed
in solid or radioactive material which are dispersed in solidified agents (such
as concrete, asphalt, porcelain, etc);
b) The slightly-soluble radioactive material
or radioactive material contained in slightly-soluble packagings and in case of
packaging loss,
radioactive material diminished when soaked in water for 7 days shall not
exceed 0.1 A2 (TBq);
c) Solid radioactive material with
average specific activity (not including shelding material) not exceeding 2 x 10-3
A2 (TBq/g).
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The surface contaminated objects
include SCO-I and SCO-II.
1. SCO-I is a solid with the following
characteristics:
a) The removable contamination on an
accessible surface, for average on area of 300 (cm2) (or the total
area of the surface if less than 300 (cm2)) that does not exceed 4
(Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters and low hazardous alpha
emitters, or does not exceed 0.4 (Bq/cm2) for the other alpha
emitters;
b) The fixed contamination on the
accessible surface for average on area of 300 (cm2) (or the total
area of the surface of less than 300 (cm2)) that does not exceed 4 x
104 (Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters and low
hazardous alpha emitters, or does not exceed 4 x 103 (Bq/cm2)
for the other alpha emitters;
c) The removable contamination and the
fixed contamination on the inaccessible surface, for average on area of 300 (cm2)
(or the total area of the surface of less than 300 (cm2)) that does
not exceed 4 x 104 (Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters
and low hazardous alpha emitters, or 4 x 103 (Bq/cm2) for
the other alpha emitters;
2. SCO-II is a solid that may be the
fixed or removable contamination on the surface exceeds the limits specified
for SCO-I and having the following additional characteristics:
a) The removable contamination on an
accessible surface, for average on area of 300 (cm2) (or the total
area of the surface if less than 300 (cm2)) that does not exceed 400
(Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters and low hazardous alpha emitters,
or does not exceed 40 (Bq/cm2) for the other alpha emitters;
b) The fixed contamination on the
accessible surface for average on area of 300 (cm2) (or the total
area of the surface of less than 300 (cm2)) that does not exceed 8 x
105 (Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters and low
hazardous alpha emitters, or does not exceed 8 x 104 (Bq/cm2) for
the other alpha emitters;
c) The removable contamination and the
fixed contamination on the inaccessible surface, for average on area of 300 (cm2)
(or the total area of the surface of less than 300 (cm2)) that does not exceed
8 x 105 (Bq/cm2) for beta and gamma emitters and low
hazardous alpha emitters, or does not exceed 8 x 104 (Bq/cm2)
for the other alpha emitters;
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1. Radioactive material of special form is radioactive material
of solid form or being held in a sealed capsule to not disperse radioactivity
into ambience.
The sealed
capsule that constitute radioactive material of special form is manufactured in
condition that it cannot open without destruction. Sizes of
radioactive material of special form are minimally not fewer than 5 (mm).
2. Design (if any) of radioactive material
of special form must be approved by competent agencies of nation having design.
Article 11.
Radioactive material with low dispersion
1. A radioactive material is radioactive
material with low dispersion if total volume of this radioactive material in
packages has radiation dose at distance of 3 (m) from the radioactive without
shielding not exceed 10 (mSv/h);
2. Design (if any) of radioactive material
with low dispersion must be approved by competent agencies of nation having
design and nations being destination or places where material transported pass.
Article 12.
Fissile material
1. Packages containing fissile material
are classified as table 7, Annex 1, except case satisfying one of the following
conditions:
a) Limit on volume of fissile material
in a consignment with minimum outer size of each package not fewer than 10
(cm):
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M2 is volume of other
fissile material (g);
X and Y are values defined in table 2,
Annex I;
And satisfying one of the following
conditions:
Each
consignment does not contain more than 15 (g) fissile material; fissile material
are solution containing homogenous hydrogen or mixture with rate of fissile
nuclear volume and hydrogen fewer than 5%; in any volume of 10 (L), there are
not more than 5 (g) fissile material.
b) Uranium 235 enriched maximally for
volume and total volume of plutonium and uranium 233 does not exceed 1% of
volume of uranium 235 in condition that fissile nucleus are dispersed in almost
homogenous way.
Is
is required to arrange in no stacking if uranium 235 in form of plate, oxide or
carbide;
c) The uranyl nitrate solution in
which uranium 235 enriched maximally for 2% volume and total volume of
plutonium and uranium 233 does not exceed 0.002% of volume of uranium 235 and
rate of nitrogen atom for uranium not fewer than 2.
d) In a goods batch, volume of
plutonium not more than 20% of volume of fissile nucleus and maximum volume of
plutonium is 1 (kg). For
cases
are unlike
one stated
in this point, the form of exclusive transport must be used.
2. Packages containing fissile materials which are
not permitted to contain:
a) Volume of fissile material is
unlike the value approved for design of packages;
b) The radionuclide(s) or fissile material
that are unlike the approved design of packages;
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3. Design of packages containing
radioactive material must be approved by competent agencies of nation having
design and nations being destination or places where packages transported pass.
Article 13.
Uranium hexafluoride (UF6)
1. Uranium hexafluoride is classified as
table 7, Annex 1 and packages containing Uranium hexafluoride do not permit to
contain:
a) Volume of UF6 that is
unlike the value approved for design of packages by competent agencies;
b) Volume of UF6 that is
more than value leading to the loss of a volume fewer than 5% at the permitted
maximum temperature of package;
c) UF6 that is not in solid
form or the inside pressure of package is more than atmospheric pressure upon
beginning transport.
2. Designs of packages containing a
volume of more than or equal to 0.1 (kg) UF6 must be approved by competent
agencies of nation having such designs. Designs of packages
containing a volume of more than or equal to 0.1 (kg) UF6 must be
approved by competent agencies of nation having such designs.
ITEM 2.
CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOACTIVE PACKAGES
Article 14. Excepted
packages
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2. Packages containing tools, articles of
radioactive material with the radioactive activity not exceeding values
specified in table 1 Annex I of this Circular.
3. Packages containing articles
manufactured from natural uraniums, depleted uraniums or natural thoriniums.
4. Designs of excepted packages are not
required to be approved by competent agencies of nation having design and
nations being destination or places where packages transported pass.
Article 15.
Industrial packages
Industrial packeages are packages
containing LSA and SCO. Volume of radioactive material in a package shall be
restrained in condition that the activity for means of transport is not more
than values specified in table 4 Annex I of this Circular. Industrial
packages include:
1. Industrial packages of type 1 (denoted
as IP-1) contain:
a) LSA-I in solid form;
b) LSA-I in liquid form, transported
by exclusive use;
c) SCO-I.
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b) LSA-I in liquid form, transported
by shared use;
b) LSA-II in solid form;
c) LSA-II in liquid or gas form,
transported by exclusive use;
d) LSA-II transported by exclusive
use;
e) SCO-II.
3. Industrial packages of type 3 (denoted
as IP-3) contain:
a) LSA-II in gas and liquid form,
transported by shared use;
b) LSA-III transported by shared use;
4. Designs of industrial packages are not
required to be approved by competent agencies of nation having design and
nations being destination or places where packages transported pass.
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1. Packages containing radioactive material
of special form with the activity not more than A1 (TBq).
2. Packages containing other radioactive material
with the activity not more than A2 (TBq).
3. Packages containing mixtures of the
radionuclide(s) that have been identified name and radioactive activity, the
activity of this nucleus must satisfy:
In which:
A1(i) is value of A1
of the radionuclide(s) i;
A2(j) is value of A2 of
the radionuclide(s) j;
B(i) means activity of the
radionuclide(s) i in special-form radioactive material.
C(j) means activity of the
radionuclide(s) j in normal radioactive material.
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Article 17.
B-type packages
1. B-type packages are not allowed to contain:
a) Radioactive material with the
activities that are more than the value approved for design of packages;
b) The radionuclide(s) that are unlike
the approved design of packages;
c) Radioactive material having forms,
physical or chemical conditions unlike the approved design of packages;
2. If B-type packages are transported by
plane, the provisions in clause 1 of this Article and the following conditions
must be complied:
a) Packages containing radioactive material
of special form: the activity not exceed 3,000 A1 (TBq) or 100,000 A2
(TBq);
b) Packages containing other
radioactive material: the activity not exceed 3,000 A2 (TBq).
3. B-type packages include 2 types of
B(U) and B(M):
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b) Design of packages of B(M) type
must be approved by competent agencies of nation having design and nations
being destination or places where packages are transported pass.
Article 18.
C-type packages
1. C-type packages are not allowed to
contain:
a) Radioactive material with the
activities that are more than the value approved for design of packages;
b) The radionuclide(s) that are unlike
the approved design of packages;
c) Radioactive material having forms,
physical or chemical conditions unlike the approved design of packages;
2. Design of packages of C type must be
approved by competent agencies of nation having such design. If the
packages of C type containing fissile material, their design must be approved
by competent agencies of nation having design and nations being destination or
places where packages are transported pass.
Chapter 3.
PROVISIONS
FOR TRANSPORT
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1. To ensure that the used packages must
meet relevant requirements stipulated in this Circular.
2. For packages that have been approved
and granted certificate by competent agencies, must meet requirements
stipulated in the certificate.
3. For radioactive material of special
form and radioactive material with low dispersion, that have been approved by
competent agencies, must meet requirements stipulated in the certificate.
4. For packages of B(U), B(M) and C
types, they must kept in stable status of temperature and pressure before
carrying out transport, except case these requirements have been exempted by
permission of agencies competent to approve such design.
5. Packages of B(U), B(M) and C types and
packages containing fissile material must be checked before transport in order
to ensure not happen radioactive leakage.
Article 20.
Transport for other goods
1. Packages are not permitted to contain
other items except items that are neccesary for use of radioactive material
and these items must be ensured to not affect to safety of packages.
2. If using containers that have been
used to transport radioactive material for temporary preservation or transport
of other goods, such containers must be decontaminated to degree lower than 0.4
(Bq/cm2) for the beta and gamma emitter and low toxicity alpha emitter, or 0.04
(Bq/cm2) for all other alpha emitters.
3. During transport, packages must be
separated with food, pharmaceutical products and other dangerous goods.
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1. The removable contamination on the
surface of package does
not
exceed the following limits:
a) 4 (Bq/cm2) for the beta
and gamma emitter and low toxicity alpha emitter;
b) 0.4 (Bq/cm2) for all
other alpha emitters.
The limited values is calculated for
average on area of 300 (cm2) or all area of surface if less than 300
(cm2).
2. The removable contamination on the
surface outside or inside of packagings, containers, tanks and means of
transport not exceed limits specified in clause 1 of this Article.
3. In case packages are corrupted or
leaked radioactivity or have doubts of being corrupted or leaked radioactivity,
the contaminated area should be isolated and delineated. To conduct
assessment of radioactive contamination for packages, means of transport, areas
where loading and unloading packages. If it is necessary,
to conduct assessment of radioactive contamination for all other items which
are transported on the same means of transport.
Packages being corrupted or leaked
radioactivity exceeding the permitted limits specified in Article 21, Article
22 of this Circular must be moved to proper places for repair, decontamination
until the origin status is restored, then they may continue transport.
4. Means, equipments used for transport
must be tested to define degree of radioactive contamination. The testing
frequency is depend on degree of use but not fewer than 1 times per year.
Means, equipment used for transport
and contaminated radioactivity exceeding limits specified in clause 1 of this
Article or radiation dose rate in surface more than 5 (mSv/h) must be decontaminated
and only re-use when it is ensured to not exceed limits specified in clause 1
of this Article and radiation dose rate in surface not exceeding 5 (mSv/h).
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Article 22.
Conditions on radiation dose rate for transport
1. For excepted packages, the radiation
dose rate at near of surface of packages is not more than 5 (mSv/h).
2. For packages of other types, the
radiation dose rate on outside of packages is not more than 2 (mSv/h).
3. For equipment or items not be packed,
the radiation dose rate at point with distance of 10 (cm) from the outside
surface is not more than 0.1 (mSv/h).
4. For LSA or SCO contained in each
industry package of IP-1, IP-2 or IP-3 types, the dose rate at point with
distance of 3 (m) from LSA or SCO when not be shielded is not more than 10 (mSv/h).
5. For transport of exclusive use:
a) By road or railway: The radiation
dose rate on outside surface of each package may be more than 2 (mSv/h) but not
more than 10 (mSv/h) when meeting conditions of means of transport being
protected or covered tightly aiming to during transport, except the persons
allowed, noone can enter inside of the part having been covered tightly;
reinforce to ensure that packages in fixed position inside of means of
transport during course of transport; packages are ensured not to load
additionally or unload during the transport time;
b) By airway or waterway: The radiation
dose rate on the outside surface of each package is not more than 2 (mSv/h). If being more
than this level, it is forced to not be more than 10 (mSv/h) and must be
permitted by the Department of Radiation Safety and Nuclear (Ministry of
Science and Technology).
6. For means of transport containing
packages or containers, the radiation dose rate in any point on sides of
vehicles (including above and substructure of vehicles) is not more than 2
(mSv/h) and radiation dose rate at distance of 2 (m) from outside surface of
means of transport is not more than 0.1 (mSv/h).
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Article 23. Defining
the transport index (TI) and TI allowed
1. TI for each package, container or for
LSA-I or SCO-I material not be packed is defined as follows:
a) For packages containing radioactive
material not being fissile material, measuring the maximum
radiation dose rate (measurement unit is
mSv/h) at distance of 1 (m) from the outside surface of packages. The measured
value is multiplied with 10 and the getting result is TI;
b) For packages containing fissile material,
the maximum radiation dose rate at distance of 1 (m) from the outside surface
of packages has value as follows: 0.4 (mSv/h) for ores or physical crystallized
ores of uranium and thorium; 0.3 (mSv/h) for chemical crystallized ores of
thorium; 0.02 (mSv/h) for chemical crystallized ores of uranium, except urani
hexaflorua.
This
value is multiplied with 100 and the getting result is TI;
c) For containers and LSA-I and SCO-I material
not packed, measuring the maximum radiation dose rate (measurement unit is
mSv/h) at distance of 1 (m) from the outside surface of containers and LSA-I
and SCO-I material. The measured value is multiplied with the corresponding
coefficient specified in table 5, Annex I of this Circular and the getting
result is TI;
d) The values of TI getting at points
a, b and c clause 1 of this Article are rounded up to the first decimal number
(example 1.13 into 1.2), except values equal to or fewer than 0.05 shall be
consider as 0.
2. TI for containers or means of
transport containing many packages, shall be defined by total TI of all packages
or by defining directly the radiation dose rate as prescribed in clause 1 of
this Article.
3. Provisions on TI allowed:
a) TI of each package is not more than
10, except case of exclusive use transport;
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c) For transport of LSA-I material,
limit of total TI is not provided;
d) For exclusive use, limit of total
TI is not provided.
Article 24.
Defining the Critical safety Index (CSI) and CSI
allowed to transport
1. CSI for packages containing fissile material
is defined by dividing 50 for N, in which N is smaller value calculated in two
following conditions:
a) In normal transportation condition,
“N" is defined by taking 5 times of “N” packages in condition that
arrangement and packing of packages allow to produce maximum neutron as
follows, and still ensure lower than critical condition.
No separation among packages and
arranging packages in order to all surfaces are reflected by water wall with
thickness not fewer than 20 cm;
b) In transportation condition
happening assumed malfunction, “N" is defined by taking 2 times of “N”
packages in condition that arrangement and packing of packages allow to produce
maximum neutron as follows, and still ensure lower than critical condition:
There are retardants containing
hydrogen among packages and arrangement of packages for all surfaces to be
reflected by water wall with thickness not fewer than 20 (cm).
2. CSI for packagings, containers for
transport, which contain many packages, is defined by total CSI of all packages. CSI of packagings,
containers is equal 0, meaning that number of packages at below of the critical
condition is not limited in such packagings, containers.
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a) CSI of packages, packagings and
containers is not more than 50, except case of exclusive use transport; Consignments
containing many packages, containers should be arranged, preserved by each
group.
Distance
among groups should be ensured to equal to or not nearer than 6 (m);
b) Total CSI of container of means of
transport with exclusive use and shared use is specified in Table 9 Annex I of
this Circular.
Article 25. Marking
packages
1. The outside surface of packagings for
packages must clearly indicate the following information:
a) Names of the consignor and
consignee;
b) United Nation Number as given in
Table 7 Annex I of this Circular;
c) Gross mass of the package if it
exceeds 50 (kg);
d) Symbol of the package group, in
conformity with the design:
For industrial packages, writing: IP-1, IP-2,
IP-3 (IF for packages containing fissile material); For packages of A type,
writing:
A
type (AF for packages containing fissile material); For packages of B type,
writing:
B(U)
type or B(M) type, B(U)F or B(M)F type for packages containing fissile material);
For packages of C type, writing: C type (CF for packages containing fissile material);
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2. For LSA-I or SCO-I material contaminated
radioactivity on surface not more than 10 times of level specified in clause 9
article 3 of this Circular, they are required to apply exclusive use, and the
outside surface of tanks of wrapping material must be clearly written: “RADIOACTIVE
LSA-I” or “RADIOACTIVE SCO-I” as appropriate.
3. In case that the package is imported
or exported, terms for explanation are written in Vietnamese or English.
Article 26.
Labelling on packages
1. Packages are categorised for labeling
in conformity with conditions specified in Table 6, Annex I of this Circular
and following the following principle:
a) If the TI satisfies conditions for
a category but the surface radiation dose level is in accordance with the
conditions for a higher category, the package shall be categorised as the
higher category;
b) Each package must be labeled in
conformity with its category;
c) Labels for categories are specified
in Picture 2, Picture 3 and Picture 4 Annex II of this Circular. Packages
containing fissile material shall have additionally labels specified in Picture
6 Annex II of this Circular;
d) In case that the package is
imported or exported, content of label is written in Vietnamese or English.
2. Any labels which do not relate to the
contents in the package must be removed or under-covered.
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4. Each label shall consist of the
following information:
a) Except for LSA-I material, name(s)
of the radionuclide(s) (using the symbols prescribed in Table I TCVN 6867-1:
2001). For mixtures
of radionuclides: Names of the most restrictive radionuclides must be
listed in label. For LSA-I
material, only the label LSA-I is required.
b) Activity: The maximum
activity of radionuclides, in unit of Bq with proper prefixes (kBq, MBq, etc). For fissile material,
listed volume; in unit of g;
c) TI: Not require
for I-WHITE category. For fissile material, additionally listed CSI.
Article 27.
Affixing the warning labels to containers and means of transport
1. Freight containers or tanks carrying
packages other than excepted packages must bear four yellow warning labels as
specified in Picture 5 Annex II of this Circular. In case that
the package is imported or exported, the term “RADIOACTIVE” may be written in
English.
The
warning labels shall be vertically affixed to each side of the freight
container or tank. Labels as specified in Picture 2, Picture 3, Picture 4
Annex II of this Circular with the dimensions of the minimum size indicated in
Picture 5 Annex II of this Circular can be used to replace for affixing of
warning labels.
2. Means of transport of radioactive
material must be affixed with three yellow lables as specified in Picture 5
Annex II of this Circular on the two sides and rear side.
3. The freight container or tank
containing packages of LSA-I or SCO-I type that is not packaged or the packages
of radioactive material that is packaged, with exclusive use, must be affixed
with the appropriate United Nations number (as specified in Table 7 Annex I of
this Circular) in black and 65 mm high or more on the lower half of the label
(as specified in Picture 5 Annex II of this Circular).
Article 28.
Isolation during transport and transit storage
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a) Areas occupied by people and
undeveloped photographic films with the distance as specified in clause 4 and
clause 5 Article 4 of this Circular;
b) Other dangerous goods: flammable,
explosive, harmful.
2. Category II-Yellow, III-Yellow
packages or consigments shall not be carried in passenger compartments, except
those solely reversed for special authorised escorts.
3. For transport of fissile material,
when storing, group of packages or container with the CSI exceeding the value
of 50 must be placed
at least 6m far from each others.
4. The transporter must have the
responsibility to maintain the required distance during transport and transit
stores.
Article 29.
Arrangement of packages during transport and transit storage
1. Packages shall be safely and firmly
arranged so as to prevent moving, toppling or falling.
2. Packages shall be arranged in such
manner that their average surface heat fluxes do not exceed 15 (W/m2).
3. Loading packages onto a container or
means of transport shall be in such manner that the surface radioactive dose
rate, TI and CSI do not exceed the limits specified in clause 6 Article 22,
clause 3 Article 23 and clause 3 Article 24 of this Circular.
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Empty packagings that have been used
for radioactive material may be transported as excepted packages if the
following requirements are met:
1. They are in well maintained conditions
and air-tight ensured.
2. Empty packagings that have been used
for uranium or thorium must be protected with metal shield or other solid material.
3. The level of removable contamination
on the package internal does not exceed 100 times the level specified in point
a clause 1 Article 9 of this Circular.
4. Any labels have been uused must be
covered or removed in conformity with regulations.
Article 31. Provisions
for transport by road
Organizations, individuals
participating in and relating to transport of radioactive material by road,
apart from implementation of general provisions from Article 19 to Article 29,
they must implement the following regulations:
1. Transportation of radioactive material
by road shall be by trucks only. The truck used for radioactive material
transportation must have high safety level.
2. Carrying passengers are prohibited in
truck used for radioactive material transportation, except for case of carrying
the excepted packages.
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4. Vehicle with trailers shall not be
used for transportation of radioactive material.
5. Vehicle shall have labels as
prescribed in Article 27 of this Circular and the consignor shall have the
responsibility to affix the label appropriately.
6. Parking vehicle must be guarded,
except that the radiation dose rate at any position of the vehicle is lower
than 5 (mSv/h) and the compartment must be locked so as to prevent anyone in
bringing the packages out. The vehicle must be parked 50 m far from
population area, except for unloading into storages.
7. Drivers must possess certificate of
training in radiation safety and be trained to handle malfunction during
transportation and be equipped with a suitable dosimeter. If these
requirements are not satisfied, each consignment shall be escorted by a person
whose quality satisfies all the above requirements (except case of transport of
excepted packages).
Article 32. Provisions
for transport by railway
Organizations, individuals
participating in and relating to transport of radioactive materials by railway,
apart from implementation of general provisions from Article 19 to Article 29,
they must implement the following regulations:
1. Radioactive material is allowed to be
transported by freight train or in luggage compartment of passenger train. Non-water-resistant
radioactive packages shall be transported by using carriages with roof.
2. The carriages carrying radioactive
goods must be affixed label as specified in Article 27 of this Circular at both
sides. In case of
the carriages with no walls, carrying containers, labelling the containers is
sufficient. The consignor
shall be responsible for labelling appropriately.
3. During transportation (except for the
transportation of excepted packages), escort shall be required. The escort
must possess certificate of training in radiation safety, and be trained to
handle malfunction during transportation and be equipped with suitable
dosimeter.
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Organizations, individuals
participating in and relating to transport of radioactive materials by airway,
apart from implementation of general provisions from Article 19 to Article 29,
they must implement the following regulations:
Packages or containers containing
radioactive material with one of characteristics below shall not be transported
by airway:
1. Packages of B(M) type in exclusive
use.
2. Packages of B(M) type during transport
are required to have a outside-cooling part or packages containing material
being flammable liquid.
3. Packages with surface radiation dose
rate more than 2 (mSv/h), except special case have been approved.
Chapter 4.
RESPONSIBILITY
FOR ASSURANCE OF RADIATION SAFETY
Article 34.
Consignor’s responsibility
1. The consignor shall have the
responsibility to ensure radiation safety during transportation of radiation
material, including packaging checking, packaging, surface decontamination (if
necessary), sealing, labelling until the package are handed over to the
transporter. The consignor
shall prepare packages in compliance with this Circular, National Technical
Regulations and other provisions on goods transportation.
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a) Shipping name as specified in Table
6 Annex I of this Circular;
b) The United Nation number: 7;
c) The United Nation number assigned
to the radioactive material as specified in Table 7 Annex I of this Circular,
preceded by the letters UN;
d) Name or symbol of each
radionuclide, for mixtures of radionuclides, an appropriate general description
or a list of the most restrictive radionuclides;
dd) A description of the physical and
chemical form of the radioactive material, or a notation “Special radioactive
material” or “Low dispersible radioactive material”, respectively;
e) The maximum activity of
radionuclides, in unit of Bq with proper prefixes (kBq, MBq, etc). Volume For
fissile materials, in unit of g;
g) The category of the package:
I-WHITE, or II-YELLOW, or III-YELLOW;
h) The transport index (for categories
II-YELLOW and III-YELLOW only); CSI (for transport of fissile materials not
subject to be exempted);
i) Identification number in the
certificate issued by the competent authority of production nation that
approved for the transportation of special radioactive material, low
dispersible radioactive material, special approval, package design);
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l) If a consignment is required to be
exclusively transported, recording "EXCLUSIVE USE TRANSPORT”;
m) The total activity of consignment
in type as a multiple of A2, for LSA-II, LSA-III, SCO-I and SCO-II. For radioactive
material with value of A2 not be limited, value of activity of such
radioactive material shall be 0.
3. The consignor shall include in the
transport documents a declaration on goods in consignment and such goods must
be fully and accurately described and are classified, packed, marked and
labelled, and comply with conditions for transport as prescribed by current law
and international provisions (if the consignment is transported pass other
country(ies)).
Date
of transportation and signature.
4. The consignor shall inform the
transporter in writing enclosed in transport documents to implement necessary
requirements including at least of the following points that should be met:
a) Additional requirements for arrangement,
storage, loading and unloading of the packages, including any special
requirements on storage for heat dissipation safety;
b) Restrictions on the mode of
transportation and necessary instructions for transportation;
c) Emergency response measures
appropriate to the consignment.
Article 35.
Transporter’s responsibility
1. In addition to the applicable
provisions on goods transportation, the transporter may accept the consignment
if the following requirements are met:
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b) The transporter has checked
carefully that the packages, consignments and freight containers are in
accordance with the declaration and satisfy provisions of this Circular. In case that
there is inconsistency, the transporter shall have right to refuse
transportation, make report and send copies to concerned parties (consignor,
consignee) and the competent authority.
2. The transporter shall have
responsibility to ensure radiation safe during transportation and transshipment
storage, including responsibility to record diary of reading dose rate during
transportation.
3. The transporter shall inform
specifically plan, roadmap of radioactive material transport to the Department
of Radiation Safety and Nuclear and Departments of science and technology on
transport routes.
Article 36.
Consignee’s responsibility
1. The consignee shall coordinate with
consignor, transporter to receive safely, on schedule, and release fastly
packages from place of receipt.
2. The consignee shall participate in
consequence remedy together with relevant organizations, individuals when
happening malfunction.
3. The consignee shall report immediately
for consignor and the Department of Radiation Safety and Nuclear when detecting
the goods received are not inconsistent with transport contract on category,
quantity, packages denote being corrupted, unloaded, leaked radioactivity.
Article 37. The
responsibility of party keeping radioactive packages in transshipment storages
1. This party shall coordinate with transporter,
consignee to receive safely, and release fastly radioactive packages from place
of receipt.
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3. This party shall report immediately
for the Department of Radiation Safety and Nuclear when detecting that the
radioactive packages denote being corrupted, unloaded, leaked radioactivity; or
no receiver.
Article 38.
Checking, Inspection and Control of Customs agencies
1. Customs may unpack packages containing
radioactive material for checking only if the packages are suspected to contain
illegal goods.
2. The unpacking of a radioactive
material package requires the presence of representative(s) from the Department
of Radiation Safety and Nuclear and local department of science and technology,
and shall take place at a place where radiation safety is guaranteed and there
are appropriate devices for checking.
3. Any packages that has been unpacked
must be repacked to its original status before being handed over to the
transporter, consignee.
4. If a consignment has no receiver, the customs
agencies shall be informed and coordinate with the Department of Radiation
Safety and Nuclear for handling.
Article 39.
Response to incidents, accidents during transportation of radioactive material
1. In the event of incidents, accidents
during transportation, the escort or the controller of the transport means
shall take the following steps:
a) Immediately inform agency granting
permit of radioactive material transport; the local police and the department
of science and technology where the incident or accident occurs; the ower of
transport means; consignment owner; the consignee;
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c) Check if there is any risk of fire
and apply measures to overcome;
d) Isolate people 50 m to 200 m away from
the incident, accident area and protect the area from unauthorised access.
2. Once being informed of an incident or
accident, relevant parties as indicated in point a clause 1 of this Article
shall send their staff equipped with essential equipment to the scene to
minimise consequences as planned (as prescribed in Article 6 of this Circular).
Depending
upon the severity of the incident or accident, the following measures shall be
applied appropriately:
a) Establishing an emergency response
team;
b) Radiation monitoring and
delineating the area of the incident, accident so as to apply appropriate
handling measures and restore the initial state;
c) Decontaminating the incident or
accident area, the carrier, packages, people, clothes, safety equipment;
d) Checking water sources and food;
dd) Protecting drainage systems;
e) Detecting over-exposured persons
for healthy monitoring;
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3. Immediately after the accident, the
transporter shall make a detail report on the accident and submit it to the
Department of Radiation Safety and Nuclear, local department of science and
technology and police agency.
4. As soon as acknowledging the loss of
radioactive material package the information shall be reported to:
a) The Department of Radiation Safety
and Nuclear;
b) The local police agency;
c) The local department of science and
technology;
d) The consignor.
The transporter shall provide the
aforementioned agencies with necessary information that making the search,
recovery of the lost package to be easy.
5. The consignor and the transporter
shall bear liability before law, depended on the cause(s), level of the
violation and consequences of the incident, accident.
Chapter 5.
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Article 40.
Effectiveness
1. This Circular shall take effect 45
days after the day of signing and replace the Circular No. 14/2003/TT-BKHCN, of
July 11, 2003 of the Ministry of Science and Technology guiding on
radioactivity transportation safety.
2. In the course of implementation, any
arising problems should be reported timely to the Ministry of Science and
Technology for consideration and amendment and supplementation.
FOR THE MINISTER OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
VICE MINISTER
Le Dinh Tien
ANNEX I
(Enclosed
with the Circular No. 23/2012/TT-BKHCN dated November 23rd 2012 of
the Minister of Science and Technology)
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Physical
state of radioactive materials in the package
Instruments
or items that contain radioactive substances (*)
Radioactive
materials
Radioactivity
limit (TBq) for instruments or items
Radioactivity
limit (TBq) for packages
Radioactivity
limit (TBq) for packages
Solid:
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- In special forms
10-2
A1
A1
10-3
A1
- In other forms
10-2
A2
A2
10-3
A2
Liquid
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10-1
A2
10-4
A2
Gas
- Triti
2 x 10-2
A2
2 x 10-1
A2
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- In special forms
10-3
A1
10-2
A1
10-3
A1
- In other form
10-3
A2
10-2
A2
10-3
A2
* Radioactive substances are
contained in an instrument or item, or radioactive substances Article part of
it such as watches, electronic devices, etc.
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Fissile
materials
The
weight of fissile materials (g) mixed with substances of which the hydrogen
density is lower than or equal to that of water
The
weight of fissile materials (g) mixed with substances of which the hydrogen
density is higher than that of water
Uranium 235 (X)
400
290
Other fissile materials (Y)
250
180
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Radioactive
materials
Industrial
packages
Exclusive
Non-exclusive
LSA-I
- Solid (*)
Type I
(IP-1)
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-Liquid
Type I
(IP-1)
Type II
(IP-2)
LSA-II
- Solid
Type II
(IP-2)
Type II
(IP-2)
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Type II
(IP-2)
Type
III (EP-3)
LSA-III
Type II
(IP-2)
Type
III (IP-3)
SCO-I
Type I
(IP-1)
Type I
(IP-1)
SCO-II
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Type II
(IP-2)
Table 4.
Activity limits for vehicles that transport LSA materials and SCOs in
industrial packages
Characteristics
of radioactive materials
Radioactivity
limits (TBq) for vehicles (except for domestic ships)
Radioactivity
limits (TBq) for ships
LSA-I
Unlimited
Unlimited
Non-flammable solid LSA-II and
LSA-III
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100 A2
Liquid, gas, and flammable solid
LSA-II and LSA-III
100 A2
10 A2
SCOs
100 A2
10 A2
Table 5.
Coefficients for calculating TI of containers
Sizes
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Size ≤ 1 (m2)
1
1 (m2) < Size ≤ 5
(m2)
2
5 (m2) < Size ≤
20 (m2)
3
Size > 20 (m2)
10
(*) The biggest cross-section
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Conditions
Class
Transport
index (TI)
Radiation
dose rate at any point on the outer surface of the package
0 (*)
Not
higher than 5 mSv/h
I-WHITE
0 < TI ≤ 1
Higher
than 5 mSv/h,
but not higher than 0.5 mSv/h
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1 < TI ≤ 10
Higher
than 0,5 mSv/h, but not higher than 2 mSv/h
III-YELLOW
10 <TI
Higher
than 2 mSv/h, but not higher than 10 mSv/h
III-YELLOW
(**)
(*) According to Point c Clause
1 Article 24 of this Circular, TI is considered 0 if it is not higher than 0.05
(**) Only applicable to
exclusive transport.
Table 7.
Names used during transport (extracted from the List of UN numbers)
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Name
used in the transport, and explanation
Excepted
package
2908
Radioactive materials, excepted
packages – Empty packages
2909
Radioactive materials, excepted
packages - articles manufactured from natural Uranium or depleted Uranium, or
natural thorium
2910
Radioactive materials, excepted
packages – limited quantity of radioactive materials
2911
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Low
specify activity radioactive materials
2912
Radioactive materials, low
specify activity (LSA-I), non-fissile or fissile-excepted
3321
Radioactive materials, low
specify activity (LSA-II), non-fissile or fissile-excepted
3322
Radioactive materials, low
specify activity (LSA-III), non-fissile or fissile-excepted
3324
Radioactive materials, low
specify activity (LSA-II), fissile
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Radioactive materials, low
specify activity (LSA-III), fissile
Surface
contaminated objects
2913
Radioactive materials, surface
contaminated objects (SCO-I or SCO-II), non-fissile or fissile-excepted
3326
Radioactive materials, surface
contaminated objects (SCO-I or SCO-II), fissile
Type A
package
2915
Radioactive materials, Type A
package, non-special form
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Radioactive materials, Type A
package, fissile, non-special form
3332
Radioactive materials, Type A
package - special form, non-fissile or fissile excepted
3333
Radioactive materials, Type A
package, special form, fissile
Type B
package
2916
Radioactive materials, Type
B(U) package, non-fissile or fissile excepted
2917
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3328
Radioactive materials, Type
B(U) package, fissile
3329
Radioactive materials, Type
B(M) package, fissile
Type C
package
3323
Radioactive materials, Type C
package, non-fissile or fissile excepted
3330
Radioactive materials, Type C
package, fissile
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2919
Radioactive materials,
transported under special arrangements, non-fissile or fissile excepted
3331
Radioactive materials,
transported under special arrangements, fissile
Uranium
hexafluoride
2977
Radioactive materials, UF6,
fissile
2978
Radioactive materials, UF6,
non-fissile or fissile excepted
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Kind of
container or vehicle
Limit
of total TI in the container or vehicle
Small containers
50
Large containers
50
Cars; trains
50
Airplanes
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- Passenger airplanes
50
- Cargo airplanes
200
Domestic ships
50
Sea-going ships
Hold, hull, deck
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- Many small containers and
packages
50
- Many large containers
200
The whole ship:
- Many small containers and
packages
200
- Many large containers
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Table 9.
CSI limits for non-exclusive vehicles that contain fissile materials
Kind of
container or vehicle
Limit
of total CSI for the container or vehicle
Non-exclusive
Exclusive
Small containers
50
Not
applicable
Large containers
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100
Cars; trains
50
100
Airplanes
- Passenger airplanes
50
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- Cargo airplanes
50
100
Domestic ships
50
100
Sea-going ships
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- Many small containers and
packages
50
100
- Many large containers
50
100
The whole ship:
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- Many small containers and
packages
200
200
- Many large containers
Unlimited
(*)
Unlimited
(**)
(*) The packages are arranged so
that the total CSI of each group does not exceed 50, and the groups are at
least 6 meters away from one another.
(*) The packages are arranged so
that the total CSI of each group does not exceed 100, and the groups are at
least 6 meters away from one another.
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ANNEX II
(Enclosed
with the Circular No. 23/2012/TT-BKHCN dated November 23rd 2012 of
the Minister of Science and Technology)
Picture
1. The radioactivity sign
The
minimum radius X of the central circle is 4 mm
Picture
2. Label I-WHITE: white background, black radioactivity sign, black text, the
letter “I” is red, the minimum length of each side is 100 mm.
Picture
3. Label II-YELLOW: the upper half is yellow background, the lower half is
white background, black radioactivity sign, black text, the letter “II” is red,
the minimum length of each side is 100 mm.
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Picture
4. Label III-YELLOW: the upper half is yellow background, the lower half is
white background, black radioactivity sign, black text, the letter “III” is
red, the minimum length of each side is 100 mm.
Picture
5. Radioactivity warning label: the upper half is yellow background, the lower
half is white background, black radioactivity sign, black text, the minimum
length of each side is 250 mm.
Picture
6. The label of critical safety index, the length of each side is 100 mm.
ANNEX III
(Enclosed
with the Circular No. 23/2012/TT-BKHCN dated November 23rd 2012 of
the Minister of Science and Technology)
Table 1. Units of measurement
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Unit
name
Unit
symbol
Weight
gram
g
Length
Meter
m
Area
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m2
Volume
Cubic
meter
m3
Liter
L
Time
Hour
h
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d
Year
y
Heat
flux
Watt
per square meter
W/m2
Radioactivity
Becquerel
Bq
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Becquerel
per gram
Bq/g
Radioactivity
Density
Becquerel
per square meter
Bq/m2
Radioactivity
concentration
Becquerel
per liter
Bq/L
Radiation
dose
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Sv
Radiation
dose rate
Sievert
per hour
Sv/h
Table 2.
Names and symbols of prefixes, and factors
Name
Symbol
Factor
tera
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1012
mega
M
106
kilo
k
103
centi
c
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Mili
m
10-3
micro
m
10-6