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THE
PRIME MINISTER OF GOVERNMENT
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No:
204/2006/QD-TTg
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Hanoi,
September 02, 2006
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DECISION
PROMULGATING THE NATIONAL ACTION PROGRAM TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
IN THE 2006-2010 PERIOD AND ORIENTATIONS TOWARD 2020
THE PRIME MINISTER
Pursuant to the December 25, 2001 Law on
Organization of the Government;
In order to implement Vietnam's commitments as a contracting party to the
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification;
Pursuant to the Prime Minister's Decision No. 153/2004/QD-TTg of August 17,
2004, promulgating the strategic orientation for sustainable development in
Vietnam (Agenda 21 of Vietnam);
At the proposal of the Agriculture and Rural Development Minister,
DECIDES:
Article 1.- To
promulgate together with this Decision the national action program to combat
desertification in the 2006-2010 period and orientations toward 2020 in order
to concretize the implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification and specify the strategic orientation for sustainable
development in Vietnam (Agenda 21 of Vietnam).
Article 2.- Organization
of implementation of the program
1. The National Coordinating Body for
implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification,
which was established under the Prime Minister's Decision No. 68/2003/QD-TTg of
April 28, 2003, shall have to perform the tasks assigned by the Prime Minister
in this Decision.
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a/ Assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with concerned ministries, branches, provincial/municipal People's
Committees, social organizations and international organizations in, organizing
the implementation of the national action program to combat desertification in
the 2006-2010 period and orientations toward 2020 already approved by the Prime
Minister;
b/ Assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with the Planning and Investment Ministry, ministries, branches and
provincial People's Committees in, integrating inter-branch and
inter-territorial projects under the national action program to combat
desertification in the 2006-2010 period and orientations toward 2020 already
approved by the Prime Minister;
c/ Assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with the Finance Ministry and the concerned agencies in, formulating
the financial mechanism, ensuring the close and effective management of the
program and projects;
d/ Annually report to the Prime Minister,
concentrating on assessment of impacts of the program, projects and policies on
state management of forest, land and water resources on the life of people in
affected areas;
e/ Promptly report to the Prime Minister on
newly emerging issues which go beyond its competence; propose the replacement,
modification or addition of projects, the change of agencies with prime
responsibility therefor when such projects fail to achieve objectives or keep
up with set schedules.
3. The Planning and Investment Ministry and the
Finance Ministry shall have the following responsibilities:
a/ To coordinate with the Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry, the agency in prime charge of the program, in integrating
the tasks and projects with relevant socio-economic development tasks;
b/ To appraise projects under the program
according to the provisions of law;
c/ To balance and allocate capital for
implementation of the program.
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Article 3.- This
Decision shall take effect 15 days after its publication in "CONG
BAO."
Ministers, heads of ministerial-level agencies,
heads of government-attached agencies, and presidents of provincial/municipal
People's Committees shall have to implement this Decision.
PRIME
MINISTER
Nguyen Tan Dung
NATIONAL
ACTION PROGRAM TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION IN THE 2006-2010 PERIOD AND
ORIENTATIONS TOWARD 2020
PRINCIPAL
CONTENTS
(Promulgated together with the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 204/2006/QD-TTg
of September 2, 2006)
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Desertification referred to in
the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification passed at the 1992
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro
means the land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting
from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities.
Land degradation means the
reduction or loss of biological or economic productivity of land.
Arid, semi-arid and dry
sub-humid areas means areas in which the ratio of evapotranspiration falls
within the range from 0.05 to 0.60.
For Vietnam, combating
desertification means the prevention of the danger of land degradation, mitigation
of land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas; the
rehabilitation and reclamation of degraded and desertified land through
enhancing the role and responsibility of state agencies simultaneously with
stepping up the socialization so that each household, enterprise or social
organization can participate in protection and sustainable development of land
and forest resources, fight salination, acidulation and sand movement,
development of irrigation in order to better the livelihood of people in
geographical areas affected by desertification.
In the past years, for
performance of the anti-desertification task, numerous programs and projects on
agricultural, forestry or fishery extension, credit provision, infrastructure
construction, ect., have been executed nationwide.
These programs and projects have
helped reclaim unused land, raise forest acreage and reserve, introduce models
of combined agro-forestry development, thus creating jobs and increasing
incomes for poor people in rural areas, contributing to hunger eradication and
poverty alleviation, environmental improvement and social stability, and
creating firm prerequisites for performance of the anti-desertification task.
However, the task of combating
desertification remains heavy and needs to be further performed in a constant
and consistent manner with feasible objectives and a clear and specific
schedule so as to redress the situation of uncontrolled forest exploitation
which causes the loss of forests, especially primitive and headwater forests;
nomadic farming, deforestation for milpa, destruction of coastal submerged
forests for aquaculture and forest fires still frequently occur, causing the
loss of tens of thousands of hectares of forests every year and severely
reducing the forest acreage; poor management, use and protection of water
sources have caused the depletion or serious pollution thereof; land of all
types is in danger of erosion, washing, skip, slide, low fertility, nutritional
imbalance, hardening, salination, acidulation, drought, water logging, fixation
of sand dunes, being covered with sand or polluted with chemicals, etc.
Total land area vulnerable to
desertification is around 9.3 million hectares, where around 22 million people live.
The above-said situation of cultivation land has caused great difficulties to
households which make a living on forestry or agriculture, thus seriously
affecting the socio-economic development in such a vast territory.
To early put an end to the above-said
situation, the promulgation and organization of implementation of the national
action program to combat desertification in the 2006-2010 and orientations
toward 2020 must be regarded as an urgent task.
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GUIDING VIEWPOINTS AND
OBJECTIVES OF THE ACTION PROGRAM
I. GUIDING
VIEWPOINTS
1. Combating desertification
constitutes an extremely important task, and contributes to sustainably
managing forest resources, water sources and land, step by step increasing
incomes of people, eradicating hunger, alleviating poverty and definitely
completing the task of sedentarization.
2. Desertification combat must
be conducted in a scientific and efficient manner, based on the system of
uniform and consistent policies and laws of the State and achievements of the preceding
period, subject to the concentrated and unified direction by the Government,
concretized into projects to be executed by ministries, branches,
socio-political organizations and People’s Committees of localities having
desertified areas and the capability to draw attention and mobilize
contributions of the entire society.
3. Expanding, diversifying and
multilateralizing international relations while selecting key domains in which
investment should be concentrated and attracted from all economic sectors at
home and abroad, fostering personnel, absorbing modern technologies and
inheriting appropriate traditional experience, thus contributing to well
implementing the national action program to combat desertification and
multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs).
4. Closely combining the
economic and social development and environmental protection with the
maintenance of defense, security and social order and safety; attaching the
national action program to combat desertification with the comprehensive
strategy on growth and poverty alleviation, and the national strategy on
environmental protection as well as other national strategies and programs with
the fulfillment of the United Nations millenium development goals (MDGs).
II. OBJECTIVES
1. Objectives toward 2010
a/ To formulate national
policies, set forth specific tasks, define responsibilities of ministries,
branches and provincial People’s Committees in performing these tasks, forge
international ties, identify capital sources and capital management mechanisms
so as to ensure a firm foundation for performing the tasks of preventing,
combating and mitigating the desertification in areas in the territory of
Vietnam as specified in this action program.
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2. Objectives toward 2020
To substantially eradicate
desertification causal factors attributable to human activities, shape up
solutions to preventing or mitigating the desertification caused by natural
factors, rehabilitate to the utmost desertified areas, and definitely complete
the task of sedentarization in reclaimed land areas through renewing land use
methods, increasing inhabitants’ incomes, eradicating hunger and alleviating
poverty, thus ensuring that by 2020 the socio-economic development in areas
affected by desertification basically harmonize with that of other regions
throughout the country.
Part II
SCOPE AND CONTENTS OF
THE ACTION PROGRAM
I. SCOPE OF
THE ACTION PROGRAM
The scope of the action program
covers the desertified areas throughout the country, with priority given to
desertified areas in the northewestern region, the coastal Central Vietnam, the
Central Highlands and Long Xuyen quadrilateral region.
II. TASKS
OF THE ACTION PROGRAM
1. Tasks of the national action
program are divided into the following groups:
a/ Perfecting the legal
framework for protecting land, forest and water resources in order to prevent
and combat desertification and promptly satisfy new requirements.
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c/ Investigating into and
assessing the actual state of desertification, and researching and identifying
major causes of desertification, proposing solutions to preventing and
combating desertification in Vietnam.
d/ Organizing economic and
technology transfer activities for the purposes of protecting, managing and
developing land, forest and water resources, thus contributing to the
socio-economic development, hunger eradication and poverty alleviation in
desertified areas.
e/ Entering into international
cooperation for implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification.
2. Projects, managing agencies
and coordinating agencies, implementation duration, priority order in the
2006-2020 period are specified in the list of projects under the national
action program to combat desertification in the 2006-2010 period and
orientations toward 2020, promulgated together with this action program.
Part III
MAJOR SOLUTIONS TO
IMPLEMENT THE ACTION PROGRAM
1. Raising public awareness about
anti-desertification; mobilizing experts in ministries, branches, research
institutes and professional associations to work out specific plans for
scheduled implementation of this national action program.
2. Reviewing the division of
tasks among ministries, branches and localities to combat desertification;
strengthening the organization of the state management apparatus in charge of
desertification combat from the central to local levels; perfecting legal
documents on desertification combat, and raising the role and position of local
administrations, especially grassroots administrations, in implementing this
national action program.
3. Diversifying forms of
cooperation with foreign countries on desertification combat in order to study
and receive transferred technologies, receive models of combining agricultural
and forestry production with market; organizing personnel training and
re-training to form a contingent of experts, especially leading scientists and
high-level state management officials in this domain.
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5. Conducting the inspection,
examination, supervision and periodical assessment of fulfillment of objectives
and tasks of this national action program.
PRIME
MINISTER
Nguyen Tan Dung
LIST
OF PROJECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL
ACTION PROGRAM TO PREVENT AND COMBAT DESERTIFICATION IN THE 2006 – 2010 PERIOD
AND ORIENTATIONS TOWARD 2020
(Promulgated together with the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 204/2006/QD-TTg
of September 2, 2006)
No.
Names
of projects
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Coordinating
agencies
Priority
order up to 2010
Notes
Implementation duration
I.
Perfection of legal framework
for protection of land, forest and water resources for desertification
prevention and combat
1
Formulation, supplementation,
amendment of policies and legal provisions on management organization in the
Forest Protection and Development Law, the Water Resource Law, the Land Law,
the Environmental Protection Law, etc., concerning the task of
desertification prevention and combat
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
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1
Being at initial stage of
implementation
2006 - 2009
2
Formulation of socialization
policies, especially rural credit policy, policy on benefits of people and
organizations in service of desertification prevention and combat, which
shall serve as a basis for localities to take initiative in guiding the
implementation thereof
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
The Finance Ministry; the
Natural Resources and Environment Ministry; and the Labor, War Invalids and
Social Affairs Ministry
1
Currently implemented under
Decision No. 178/2001/ QD-TTg
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3
Formulation of a mechanism for
coordination among ministries, branches, central government and localities,
and a mechanism for management of programs and projects in the Convention to
Combat Desertification in the direction of enhancing management
responsibilities of branches and localities
The Planning and Investment
Ministry
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry; and the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry
2
2007 - 2008
II.
Raising of public awareness,
training of human resources and consolidation of material and technical
foundations and research institutes in service of desertification prevention
and combat
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Raising of public awareness
about the tasks of desertification combat. Elaboration of a set of documents
guiding the job training for peasants to cultivate plants or raise animals of
economic value in desertified areas
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry; the Vietnam Union of Scientific and Technical
Associations; the Vietnam Peasants’ Association
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry; the Radio Voice of Vietnam; and Vietnam Television
Station
1
2006 - 2010
5
Formulation and organization of
implementation of policies, plannings and plans on training and retraining of
personnel (especially grassroots personnel) in service of desertification
prevention and combat
The Education and Training
Ministry; the Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs Ministry
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2
2007 - 2010
6
Building and improvement of the
system of general observation posts for desertification prevention and combat
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
2
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7
Research into and application of
information technology to collection, archive and processing of national
information in service of desertification prevention and combat.
Building of an archive center and a complete database in service of
desertification prevention and combat
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
The Science and Technology
Ministry; and the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry
2
2007 - 2009
8
Research into and application
of modern technologies and traditional technologies in use, protection and
sustainable development of forest, land and water resources in service of
desertification prevention and combat task
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The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry; and the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry
2
2007 - 2010
III.
Survey and assessment of actual
state of desertification and study and identification of major causes of
desertification, proposal of solutions to desertification prevention and
combat in Vietnam
9
Basic survey and assessment of
actual state of desertification in Vietnam and its impacts on socio-economic
development, focusing on 4 priority regions: Northwestern region, coastal
Central Vietnam, Central Highlands and Mekong River delta
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
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2
2007 - 2008
10
Research into and identification
of the causes of desertification in Vietnam attributable to natural and
social conditions, especially in four priority regions; proposal of specific
solutions to desertification prevention and combat
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
The Science and Technology
Ministry; and the Vietnam Union of Scientific and Technical Associations
3
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11
Study and assessment of erosion,
washing, salination and acidulation in Central Vietnam, Central Highlands and
Mekong River delta
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
The Science and Technology
Ministry; the Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry; and the Vietnam
Union of Scientific and Technical Associations
3
2008 - 2010
12
Elaboration of a planning on
revamp of degraded agricultural land areas, barren hills and mountains and
areas seriously affected by drought in Northwestern region, Central Vietnam,
Central Highlands and Mekong River delta
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The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
3
2008 - 2010
13
Elaboration of a planning on
three types of forest, demarcating boundaries afield and assigning forest
land in service of desertification prevention and combat
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
1
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2006 - 2010
14
Elaboration of planning and
plans on use of surface and underground water resources in desertified areas
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
1
Currently implemented under
Decision No. 104/2000/ QD-TTg
2006 - 2010
15
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Provincial People’s
Committees(especially in four priority regions), the Vietnam Union of
Scientific and Technical Associations
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
1
Financial aids of the EU and
German Federal Republic for pilot models in Son La and Lai Chau provinces
2006 - 2010
16
Study of a strategy for growth,
hunger eradication, poverty alleviation, socio-economic development
investment in desertified areas in harmony with other territorial areas of
the country
The Labor, War Invalids and
Social Affairs Ministry; and the Planning and Investment Ministry
The Vietnam Peasants’
Association; and the Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry
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Currently implemented under
Decision No. 168/2001/QD-TTg
2006 - 2008
17
Study and determination of total
capital, capital sources, investment phases, mechanism for management of
capital for desertification prevention and combat, so that by 2020 the
socio-economic development in desertified areas will basically harmonize with
that of other regions of the country
The Planning and Investment
Ministry; and the Finance Ministry
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
2
2007 - 2008
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Study and assessment of actual
hydrological conditions of forests in Vietnam and drought degree of each
region or each system of rivers and streams in areas seriously affected by
drought
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
3
2008 - 2010
IV
Organization of economic and
technology transfer activities for protection, management and development of
land, forest and water resources, contributing to socio-economic development,
hunger eradication and poverty alleviation in areas vulnerable to
desertification
19
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People’s Committees of concerned
provinces
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry; and the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry
3
2008 - 2020
20
Planting of sand-shielding
forests, revamp of sand-covered fields, mitigation of drought and combat of
land degradation in the coastal Central Vietnam
People’s Committees of coastal
central provinces
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
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Funded by World Bank, being at
initial stage
2006 - 2010
21
Application of
anti-desertification models which have been successfully experimented, especially
in four priority regions: Northwestern region, coastal Central Vietnam,
Central Highlands and Mekong River delta
People’s Committees of concerned
provinces; and the Vietnam Union of Scientific and Technical Associations
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
3
Currently researched and
experimented
2008 - 2010
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Planting of semi-submerged
protective forests in a number of big hydropower reservoirs (Hoa Binh, Tri
An, Son La, etc.)
The Vietnam Peasants’
Association, People’s Committees of concerned provinces
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
1
Currently researched and
experimented
2006 - 2020
23
Use and reclamation of degraded
basalt soil in the Central Highlands
People’s Committees of concerned
provinces
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2
2007 - 2010
24
Intensification of commercial
activities, complete building of information system and promotion of sale of
agricultural and forest products in deserted areas
The Trade Ministry; and the
Vietnam Peasants’ Association
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
2
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V.
International cooperation for
implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification
25
Enhancement of capability of the
Office for the Convention to Combat Desertification
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
1
2006 - 2009
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Intensification of information
exchange, setting up of bilateral and multilateral partnerships, formulation
of mini-projects for enhancing cooperation with specialized networks for
national-level operations in the course of implementation of the Convention
to Combat Desertification
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
The Natural Resources and
Environment Ministry
1
Initially implemented under the Prime Minister’s Official Letter No.
952/TTg-QHQT of June 21, 2006
2006 - 2010
27
Study and formulation of a
mechanism for mobilization and use of support capital sources to combat
desertification and set up a fund for desertification prevention and combat
The Agriculture and Rural
Development Ministry
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