MINISTRY OF
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No.07/2018/TT-BNNPTNT
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Hanoi, July 10,
2018
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CIRCULAR
ON INSPECTION OF
IMPURITIES IN SHRIMPS AND SHRIMP PRODUCTS
Pursuant to the Law on Food Safety dated
June 17, 2010;
Pursuant to the Law on Penalties for
administrative violations dated June 20, 2012;
Pursuant to Decree No.15/2017/ND-CP dated
February 17, 2017 of the Government on functions, duties, rights and organizational
structure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development;
Pursuant to Decision No.2419/QD-TTg dated
December 13, 2016 of the Prime Minister approving schemes on control and
prevention of acts of injecting impurities into raw shrimps and producing and
trading in shrimp products containing impurities;
At the request of the Director of National Agro
Forestry Fisheries Quality Assurance Department,
The Minister of Agriculture and Rural
Development promulgates a Circular on inspection of impurities in shrimps and
shrimp products.
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GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Scope
This Circular provides for inspection of
impurities in shrimps and shrimp products (hereinafter referred to as
“shrimps”), responsibilities and rights of relevant regulatory agencies,
organizations and individuals.
Article 2. Regulated entities
This Circular applies to organizations and
individuals (hereinafter referred to as “facilities’) purchasing, maintaining, preparing,
processing, transporting and selling shrimps under management of the Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Development, competent authorities and relevant
organizations and individuals.
Article 3. Definition
For the purpose of this Circular, the terms
below shall be construed as follows:
1. “impurities” mean substances not
considered natural components of shrimps.
2. “injecting impurities into shrimps” means
intentionally immersing or soaking shrimps in impurities or stuffing or
injecting impurities into shrimps in pursuit of increasing volume, size and changing
natural structure of shrimps for the purpose of commercial fraud, including
presentation, donation and exchange.
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4. “impurity-related violations" mean
performance of one of the acts prescribed in Clause 2 Article 3 herein.
Article 4. Inspection authorities and
inspection mode
1. Inspection authorities
a) Inspection authorities affiliated to the
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development include the Inspectorate of Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Development and National Agro Forestry Fisheries
Quality Assurance Department.
b) Local inspection authorities include
Inspectorate of Agriculture and Rural Development Department, National Agro
Forestry Fisheries Quality Assurance Sub-Department and other professional
authorities assigned by the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.
2. Inspection mode and bases:
a) Regular inspection refers to inspection
of compliance with regulations on control and prevention of impurities in
shrimps in conjunction with inspection and assessment of food safety conditions
and inspection and certification of shipments exported by facilities in
conformity with regulations issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development on inspection and assessment of food safety conditions and
inspection and certification of exported shipments of aquatic products.
b) Irregular inspection refers to
inspection carried out where any violation is informed. Information on
impurity-related violations may be collected from information source provided
by reporting organizations or individuals or provided by police authorities
regarding results of control of impurities in shrimps by functional authorities
and warning information of the importing country.
Article 5. Requirements applied to testing
laboratories
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2. In case of criteria to be analyzed
without any appointed testing laboratory, inspection authorities shall consider
and send samples requiring analysis to testing laboratories that:
a) have been appointed to analyze food
safety criteria
b) already have analyzing method and verify
value of such method for criteria to be analyzed
Chapter II
INSPECTION PROCEDURES
Article 6. Establishment of inspection
delegations and assignment of inspection
1. With regard to regular inspection:
a) Inspection authorities prescribed in
Clause 1 Article 4 herein shall establish inspection delegations, carry out
assessment of food safety conditions in conjunction with inspection of
compliance with regulations on impurity control and prevention by facilities.
b) Inspection authorities prescribed in
Point a Clause 1 Article 4 herein shall assign inspectors to carry out
inspection and collect samples of aquatic product shipments exported in
conjunction with inspection of compliance with regulations on impurity control
and prevention by facilities.
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Article 7. Procedures for impurity
inspection visit to facilities
1. Inspection decision announcement in case
of establishment of inspection delegations: The inspection delegation shall
give the inspection decision to the representative of the facility when
carrying out the inspection. If being informed that impurity-related violations
are being committed or exhibits are kept at the facility, the inspection
delegation shall immediately carry out inspection visit to such facility then
announce the inspection decision later.
2. Inspection for discovering impurities in
shrimps according to inspection matters and methods prescribed in Article 8
herein
3. Result announcement: The inspection
results shall be recorded and notified to the representative of the facility. If
any impurity-related violation is found, the inspection delegation or
inspector, in case of independent inspection assignment, shall make
administration violation records as authorized according to the form provided
in the Government’s Decree No.97/2017/ND-CP dated August 18, 2017 on amendments
to several articles of the Government’s Decree No.81/2013/ND-CP dated July 19,
2013 on elaboration of several article and enforcement methods of the Law on
Penalties for administrative violations.
Article 8. Impurity inspection matters and
methods
1. Inspection matters:
a) Documents relating to business
registration and certificate of conformity to food safety requirements
b) Management of exported raw materials and
raw material use for producing and trading in shrimps
c) Quantity of products in production and
trade and technical documents (standards of the facility and food quality
registration)
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dd) Inspection of condition of production
area, raw material warehouse, finished product warehouse and relevant areas
e) Assessment of conformity with impurity
control regulations applied to raw materials, semi-finished products and
finished products of the facility
g) Other matters according to professional
requirements
2. Inspection methods:
a) Collecting documents, evidences and
information according to the inspection matters in combination with reviewing
and inspection of the presentation by the facility where necessary
b) Collecting samples for on-site
inspection and samples to be stored and inspecting impurities in the testing laboratory
as prescribed in Article 9 herein
Article 9. Collection of samples for on-site
inspection, collection of samples for storage and impurity inspection carried
out in the testing laboratory
1. With regard to sample collection and
on-site inspection: The inspection delegation or inspector, in case of
independent inspection as assigned, shall select the shrimp batch suspected to
contain impurities whose the owner or the person in charge has been identified
for impurity inspection in conformity with the technical procedure for on-site inspection
specified in Appendix 1 issued thereto and make technical inspection record
according to the form provided in Appendix 2 issued thereto. The technical
inspection record shall be signed by the head of inspection delegation, the
inspector and representative of the facility. In case the representative of the
facility fails to sign the record, such record must be signed by the witness or
all members of the delegation.
2. Collection of samples for storing
purpose:
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b) The sampling shall be recorded and the
duration for storing samples in the inspection authority shall be specified in
consistent with the product using duration but not exceeding 15 days. If no
complaint is made by the expiry date of sample storage, the inspection
authority shall handle the samples in accordance with current regulations;
c) In case the representative of the
facility fails to sign the sampling record and apply security seal to the
samples, the sampling record shall clearly provide the explanation for such
failure. The sampling record and sample security seal bearing signatures of the
sample collector, head of the inspection delegation or inspector, in case of
independent inspection as assigned, are legally accepted.
3. If not agreeing with the on-site
inspection results, the facility may request the inspection delegation or
inspection authority to send the stored samples to the testing laboratory
prescribed in Article 5 herein for analysis purpose within 1 day from the inspection
day. The analysis results provided by the testing laboratory shall be
considered as basis for actions against impurity-related violations taken by
the inspection authority. The cost for analysis carried out in the testing
laboratory shall be covered by the facility.
Chapter III
HANDLING IN CASE OF IMPURITY
DETECTION
Article 10. Handing in case of impurity
detection
1. In case of inspection by delegation, if any
impurity-related violation is found or the on-site inspection results show that
the shrimp batch contains impurities, the head of the delegation shall:
a) record the administrative violation as
authorized
b) seal the exhibit or instrument used to
commit the administrative violation The security seal shall bear the stamp of
the inspection authority and signatures of the head of the inspection
delegation and representative of the facility. The sealing must be recorded. In
case the sealing is not signed by the representative of the facility, it must
bear the signature(s) of the witness or all members of the inspection
delegation and clearly state "the representative of the facility fails to
sign the security seal and record."
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2. In case of independent inspection
carried out by the inspector, if any impurity-regulated violation is found or
the on-site inspection results show that the shrimp batch contains impurities,
such inspector shall:
a) record the administrative violation as
authorized
b) notify the Director of inspection
authority for appropriate handling method.
Article 11. Handling and transfer of administrative
violations
1. The head of inspection delegation or the
inspector, in case of independent inspection, shall notify the violation to the
Director of inspection authority for completing of preparation of
administrative violation handling dossier as authorized.
2. In case the inspection delegation of the
central inspection authority must promptly leave for another place to carry out
inspection or take actions against impurity-related violations, for the purpose
of punctuality and confidentiality assurance, the head of inspection delegation
shall notify and ask for advice of the Director of inspection authority in
pursuit of transferring the case to local authorities for handling. The case
shall be transferred as follows:
a) The transferee may be Inspectorate of
the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development or the authority assigned
to carry out local professional inspection.
b) The transfer shall be recorded and
signed by the head of inspection delegation and representative of the
transferee
Chapter IV
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Article 12. Members of inspection
delegation and inspectors carrying out independent inspection
1. Members of the inspection delegation and
inspectors carrying out independent inspection as assigned shall be required
to:
a) comply with the facility personal
hygiene regulations before entering such facility.
b) comply with the impurity inspection
procedures, matters and methods as prescribed in this Circular;
c) protect the confidentiality of
information concerning the production and business of the facility as regulated
by laws and carry out inspection in a public, transparent, honest, objective
and equal manner;
d) not ask for inspection of matters other
than those specified herein which cause harassment and troublesome to the
facility;
dd) carry out the assignment by the head of
inspection delegation and Director of the inspection authority and take
responsibility to the Director of inspection authority and law for the
inspection results
e) prepare sufficient equipment, instruments,
reagents and technical documents serving the inspection;
g) inspect the condition of the stored
samples and code them (with recognizing signs) before sending these samples to
the testing laboratory as required
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a) request the facility to provide
documents and samples, and arrange staff for cooperation in inspection
b) enter and exit production area,
receiving area and raw material maintenance area as well as other areas if
accompanied by the facility’s staff or notifying such staff of the entry and
exit;
c) consider documents and samples, take
photos, copy and record necessary information serving the inspection
Article 13. Head of inspection delegation
1. The head of inspection delegation shall
be required to:
a) take responsibility as prescribed in
Clause 1 Article 12 herein;
b) give assignments to members of the
inspection delegation for the purpose of carrying out inspection of all matters
specified in the decision on inspection delegation establishment;
c) respond to opinions and handle
inspection results of the members of the inspection delegation and provide the
final conclusion in the inspection record;
d) invite the representative or staff of
the facility to attend the announcement of inspection delegation decision and
accompany the inspection delegation;
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2. The head of inspection delegation shall
be entitled to:
a) take responsibility as prescribed in
Clause 2 Article 12 herein;
b) request the Director of the inspection
authority to issue a decision on changes of inspection delegation's members for
inspection of all matters specified in the inspection delegation establishment
decision;
c) draw the final conclusion on the
inspection results provided by the inspection delegation
Article 14. Inspection authority
1. Prepare annual plans and funding
estimate, and submit them to competent authority for approval
2. Carry out impurity inspection as per
regulations herein
3. Take actions against administrative
violations as authorized or cooperate with competent authorities to take any
legally accepted action against administrative violations;
4. Store all documents regarding the
inspection results and fully and accurately report issues concerning the
impurity inspection as required by competent authorities;
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Article 15. Department of Agriculture and
Rural Development
1. Provide dissemination of negative effects
of impurities and State regulations on inspection, control and prevention of
impurity-regulated violations for owners of nurturing and processing
facilities, purchasing and processing facilities, purchase agents and
processing facilities of aquatic products
2. Offer training courses in methods for
inspection and detection of impurities in aquatic products for public officials
carrying out impurity inspection in districts and communes;
3. Prepare plans for irregular inspection
and control of impurity-related violations Allocate sufficient funding for the
inspection;
4. Cooperate with relevant functional
authorities, local unions and occupational associations to organize
dissemination of negative effects caused by impurities and regulations on
inspection, control and handling of impurity-related violations;
5. Direct Inspectorate of Department and
Sub-department of National Agro Forestry Fisheries Quality Assurance to receive
the case transferred by inspection delegation of the central inspection authority
and handle such case in accordance with the law provisions;
6. Direct the Department of Agriculture and
Rural Development of Ca Mau, Bac Lieu, Soc Trang and Kien Giang to establish a
hotline in order to receive reporting of impurity-related violations and make a
list of purchasing and processing facilities and organizations committing not
to inject impurities into shrimps and not produce or trade in shrimps
containing impurities.
Article 16. National Agro Forestry
Fisheries Quality Assurance Department
1. Perform all tasks of the inspection
authority prescribed in Article 14 herein;
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3. Preside over and cooperate with central
inspection authorities in preparing annual plans for performing activities
concerning control of impurities in shrimps and funding estimate, and send them
to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for approval;
4. Instruct agro forestry fisheries quality
assurance authorities in provinces and cities to unify the contents of
dissemination of negative effects caused by impurities and State regulations on
inspection, control and prevention of impurity-related violations;
5. Organize preliminary and official review
and suggest solutions for difficulties and reward organizations and individuals
with outstanding performance during the inspection and detection of impurities
Article 17.Testing laboratories
1. Check the state of the samples and
security seal, and the receiving record, and record the checking results in the
testing result report;
2. Ensure the accuracy, punctuality,
objectivity and honesty of the testing results and take responsibility for such
testing results;
3. Store all documents regarding the
testing of impurities in conformity with regulations and present those
documents as required by competent authorities
Chapter VII
IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS
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This Circular comes into force from August
24, 2018.
PP. MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Vu Van Tam
APPENDIX 1
(Issued together
with Circular No.07/2018/TT-BNNPTNT dated July 10, 2018 of the Minister of
Agriculture and Rural Development
TECHNICAL PROCEDURE
FOR ON-SITE INSPECTION
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This procedure provides guidelines for
inspection, evaluation and detection of the following impurities PVA (Polyvinyl
alcohol); CMC (Carboxymethyl cellulose), Adao (Gelatine) and Agar in chilled
raw shrimps, chilled shrimp semi-finished products and frozen shrimps.
II. DEFINITION
For the purpose of this procedure, the
terms below shall be construed as follows:
1. “sensory evaluation” means evaluation of
quality criteria by using five senses of human.
2. “selective sampling” means collecting
typical samples of shrimp batches suspected to be injected with impurities.
III. PREPARATION FOR INSPECTION
1. Inspectors shall prepare relevant
technical documents, appropriate forms, labels, costumes and instruments
serving the inspection, sampling and maintenance of samples.
2. Instruments for sensory analysis
- A small stainless steel knife;
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- A stainless steel teaspoon;
- A magnifying glass;
- An overhead track scale;
- A polyelythene bag;
- Waterproof labels;
- A marker or waterproof ballpoint pen;
- A digital camera
3. Instruments and chemicals for cursory
inspection by chemical methods
3.1. Laboratory preparation:
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- A sample grinder;
- Test tubes and 50-ml falcon tubes;
- An alcohol burner;
- Volumetric flasks of 100 and 1000 ml;
- A water bath;
- A 5ml pipette;
- A petri dish;
- A measuring cylinder of 100 and 1000 ml;
- A beaker of 100 and 250 ml;
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KI;
Iodine;
Distilled water;
H3BO3;
Tannic acid;
CuSO4, or CuSO4.5H2O;
NaOH;
Na2CO3;
C6H5O7Na3;
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H2SO4;
Chromotropic acid
3.2 Impurity testing reagents
a) Reagents for starch identification:
- Weigh out exact 2 grams of crystalline
iodine and 6 grams of crystalline KI in a 100-ml beaker Add 100 ml of distilled
water to the beaker Stir with glass rods until Iodine and KI are totally
dissolved
- Duration for solution preservation in the
dark at room temperature shall not exceed 6 months.
b) Reagents for PVA identification:
- Preparation for iodine solution (solution
A):
Weigh out exact 1.27 grams of crystalline
iodine and 2.5 grams of crystalline KI in a 100-ml beaker Add 100 ml of
distilled water to the beaker Stir with glass rods until Iodine and KI are
totally dissolved
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- Preparation for Boric Acid, 4% w/v
(Solution B):
Weigh out exact 4 grams of H3BO3
crystalline in a 100ml beaker Add 100 ml of distilled water to the beaker
Stir with glass rods until the substance is totally dissolved
Duration for solution preservation in the dark
at room temperature shall not exceed 6 months.
- Blending the reagent for PVA
identification:
Before use, prepare the reagent for PVA
identification by mixing solution A with B in the ratio of 1:3 respectively
The reagent shall be preserved in the dark
at room temperature within 3 days.
c) Reagent for Agar identification:
- Weigh out exact 2 grams of crystalline
iodine and 6grams of crystalline KI, and mix them together in a 100ml beaker
then fill such beaker with distilled water
- The reagent shall be preserved in the
dark at room temperature within 6 months.
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- Weigh out exact 5 grams of tannic acid in
a 100ml beaker Add 100 ml of distilled water to the beaker Stir with glass rods
until the tannic acid is totally dissolved
- The reagent shall be preserved in the
dark at room temperature within 6 months.
e) Reagent for CMC identification:
Chromotropic acid, 5% w/v: Weigh 0.5 grams
of chromo tropic acid on the counter scale (precise 0.01g) and pour it into a
100ml beaker then mix it with 10ml of sulfuric acid, 98% w/v Preserve the
reagent at the room temperature and use it in one day only
f) Reagent for agar identification:
- Benedict’s reagent: Weigh out 17.3 g of C6H5O7Na3
and 10g of Na2CO3 and dissolve them in 80ml of hot
water Weigh out1.73g of CuSO4.5H2O and dissolve it in
10ml of water Filter the solution then mix two aforesaid solutions together in
a 100ml volumetric flask and fill the flask with distilled water
3.3 Testing solution:
- Testing solution includes solution of
starch, PVA, agar, gelatin and CMC prepared at detection limit weight/volume
percentage for inspection of reagent’s effectiveness.
a) Starch solution, 0.03% w/v: Weigh out
0.3 g of starch in 1000ml of distilled water Boil the solution at 80 Celsius
degree and stir until the starch is totally dissolved
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c) Agar solution, 0.1% w/v: Weigh out 0.10g
of agar in 100ml of distilled water Boil the solution at a low temperature
until the agar is totally dissolved
d) Agar solution, 0.2 w/v: Weigh out 0.2g
of agar in 100ml of distilled water Boil the solution at a low temperature until
the agar is totally dissolved
e) Gelatin solution, 0.1% w/v: Weigh out
0.10 g of gelatin in 100ml of distilled water Boil the solution at 80 Celsius
degree and stir until the gelatin is totally dissolved
f) CMC solution, 0.2% w/v: Weigh out 0.2g
of CMC in 100ml of distilled water Boil the solution at 80 Celsius degree and
stir until the CMC is totally dissolved
3.4 Checking the effectiveness of reagents
for impurity identification:
Before carrying out the inspection visit to
the facility, inspectors shall check the effectiveness of reagents mentioned in
item 3.2 by mix 1 drop of the reagent with 1 drop of the equivalent testing
solution prescribed in item 3.3. Observe and evaluate the effectiveness of the
reagents based upon the change in state of the reagent/solution
Reagent
Testing solution
Typical change
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Reagent for starch identification
Starch solution, 0.03% w/v
Color changes from red to blue
Good
Reagent for PVA identification
Starch solution, 0.03% w/v
Color changes from yellow to blue-black
Good
Reagent for Agar identification
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Color changes from red to red-brown to
purple-black
Good
Reagent for Adao identification
Gelatin solution, 0.1% w/v
Color changes from yellowish to white precipitate
Good
Reagent for CMC identification
CMC solution, 0,2% w/v
Purple testing solution at the distinguishing
layer
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Benedict’s reagent
Agar solution, 0,2% w/v
Color changes from blue to green with
typical red-brown precipitate
Good
3.5 Preparation for reagents for impurity
identification used in on-site inspection:
- Pour each reagent for identification of
starch, PVA, agar, gelatin and CMC prepared in item 3.2 and those under
inspection of effectiveness as prescribed in item 3.4 into each 5ml dropper;
- Label each dropper of reagent; store them
at the room temperature for one-day use
IV. IDENTIFICATION OF SHRIMP BATCH SUBJECT
TO INSPECTION
1. Document inspection and information
collection for identification of shrimp batch:
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2. Sampling principles:
- The selective sampling principles shall
be applied to maximize the capacity for identifying the impurities in shrimps.
- The samples shall be selected based upon
consideration of abnormalities of external features of the shrimp such as size,
shape, color impairment (e.g. color change, strange color), smell (smell
change, strange smell), structure (e.g. chewy, flaccid), touching feeling (tough,
soft, slippery, greasy, etc.)
- Inspectors shall use sensory methods to
notice the abnormalities of the samples for inspection in order to evaluate and
verify whether the impurities are present in the samples.
- If any impurity in shrimps is found or
the shrimp batch is suspected to be injected with impurities, inspectors shall
carry out cursory inspection by chemical methods specified in Section VI for
the purpose of identifying the impurity in shrimps.
- If the results of cursory inspection by
chemical methods fail to provide a precise conclusion, the samples are required
to be sent to the testing laboratory for analysis purpose.
3. Sampling
3.1. With regard to chilled fresh shrimps:
- With regard to typical sampling: Each
sample from each shrimp batch with signs of impurity containing shall be
collected in the ratio of from 1 to 5% of the batch’s volume. The samples
collected shall be gathered and mixed together to form typical samples.
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3.2. With regard to frozen shrimps:
No.
Shrimp batch
subject to inspection
Number of samples
for inspection
1
From 1 to 3 batches (*)
N=6, c=0
2
More than 3 batches
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n: number of samples collected for the
inspection; c: permissible number of samples failing to meet the food safety
requirement
(*) A batch means a number of products
created from one or more than one raw material batch having same origin under a
single technical procedure in the same production condition (having same factors
affecting the food safety requirement) within 24 hours in one facility.
V. SENSORY INSPECTION
Inspection, evaluation and detection of
impurities in shrimps by sensory methods shall be carried out from general to
detail, from the head to the tail and from the external to the internal
features of the shrimp. Steps of inspection include:
1. Thawing (for frozen shrimps)
Put the sample into a waterproof polyethylene
bag, tighten the bag and put it in an appropriate pin or pot then pump clean
water from below at the flow of no more than 20 liters per minute into such
pin/pot. Carry out the inspection to identify impurities in shrimps, including
the water from ice melting when the ice completely melts (the sample's
temperature is nearly equal to the environmental temperature),
2. Inspection of external features of the
shrimp:
- Observe from whole body to details of
external features of the shrimp from the head to tail including cephalothorax, carapace,
rostrum, 1st or 3rd abdominal segment, swimming legs,
telson and uropods.
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3. Inspection carried out after removing
the shell of calelothorax:
- Hold the shrimp in such a way that its
head is downward, remove the shell of cephalothorax by hand to reveal the
shrimp meat in the head Use a petri dish to catch the substance in the cortex
of the shrimp for the purpose of inspection by chemical methods where necessary
to identify the impurities in shrimps
- Use the head of the knife to flip over
and remove the roe (hepatopancreas) to reveal the sinus cephalothorax
- Smell to see whether the sinus cephalothorax
smells strange
- Observe the sinus cephalothorax to see
whether there is any doubtful substance Use the teaspoon to take out the substance
in the sinus cephalothorax (if any) and put it in a clean petri dish for the
purpose of cursory inspection by chemical methods to identify the impurities,
where necessary
- Check the substance taken out from the
sinus cephalothorax of the sampled shrimp (color, smell, shape and structure)
and compare it with the typical features of impurities provided hereinafter to
identify which impurity has been injected into the shrimp
- Check the substance stick to the shrimp meat
and sinus cephalothorax by hand to notice abnormalities (slippery or sticky
level), if any
4. Inspection of the shrimp meat after
removing the shell:
- Check the goo stick to the shrimp's meat
by hand to detect abnormalities (slippery or sticky level), if any
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- Edema in abdominal segments can be
clearly noticed if the sampled shrimp is injected with a large amount of
impurities. Poke the abdomen or back of the segments of the shrimp in with
signs of edema in with a needle and press by hand for the impurities to drain
off
5. Inspection carried out after cutting:
- Run the knife’s blade along the back of
the shrimp, from the first to the last abdominal segment
- Smell to see whether the cut smells
strange
- Observe the substance on the knife’s
blade Compare it with typical description of substance in shrimps containing impurities
to identify whether the sampled shrimp is injected with impurities and guess
the type of impurity injected
- Slightly shave the surface of the cut and
grooves with the knife's spine then observe the knife’s spine to see whether
any doubtful substance sticks to it
- Touch the substance on the knife's spine
to feel typical features such as the slippery or sticky level Compare it with
the description of typical impurity's features to guess the impurity type
6. Judgment - Identification
According to the inspection results and
evidence collected as mentioned above, inspectors shall use the Impurity
Identification Chart as a supporting tool to judge and identify whether the
shrimp is injected with impurities.
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6.2. General features of shrimps containing
impurities:
a. Swelling, stretching and protruding head;
b. Swelling and aqueous carapace;
c. The shell of 1st or 3rd
abdominal segment may be bulging or aqueous (skin peeling);
d. Stretching 3rd abdominal segment;
e. Slightly stiff to roundly stretching
body;
f. Spreading uropods and raising telson;
g. Aqueous telson, rostrum and swimming
legs
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POINT
AGAR
AGAR + CMC
AGAR + PVA
AGAR + ADAO
STARCH
Between the shell and the cover of the cephalothorax
diluted slightly slippery substance
Diluted slightly slippery substance
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Diluted and slightly slippery substance
Diluted and slightly slippery substance
Sinus cephalohtorax (below the roe,
hepatopancreas)
Slightly or very thick goo
Diluted or thick goo
Diluted or thick goo
Diluted or thick goo
Little diluted goo
Body
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Swelling with slightly slippery or
slippery substance
Swelling with slightly slippery or slippery
substance
Swelling with slightly slippery or
slippery substance
Uncertain swelling with slightly sticky
substance
3rd segment (poke and press)
The impurity pouring out
The impurity pouring out
The impurity pouring out
The impurity pouring out
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Internal meat:
- The cut surface
- Slightly shaving by the knife’s spine
- Slightly dry
- Slippery substance with tiny seeds
- Slippery and sticky substance
- Slightly wet
- Slippery substance with tiny seeds
- Slippery and sticky substance
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- Slippery substance with tiny seeds
- Slippery substance
- Slightly wet
- Slippery substance with tiny seeds
- Slippery substance
- Slightly dry and sticky
- Little sticky substance
- Sticky substance with tiny seeds
6.4. Typical features of impurities in
shrimps:
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AGAR
AGAR + CMC
AGAR + PVA
AGAR + ADAO
STARCH
Color
White or milky
Pure white or milky
Pure white to milky with slightly shiny
tiny seeds
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Milky
Smell
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Typical odor
Unfounded
Shape/state
- Gummy, thick to very thick
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- Thick
- Slippery and shiny substance
Watery to thick
Watery to thick
Watery
Structure
Slippery
Slippery and sticky
Slippery
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Slightly sticky or sticky
VI. CURSORY INSPECTION BY CHEMICAL METHODS
1. Principles
- Cursory inspection of impurities
specified herein is carried out according to observation of typical transformation
in the course of reaction between the impurity and reagent.
Typical
transformation of impurities
Type of impurity
Reagent for
impurity identification
Components of the
reagent
Typical
transformation
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Starch
Reagent for starch
identification
Iodine
Change from
red-brown to blue-black
Iodine enters the
helical structure of starch to form durable and blue -black complex
PVA
Reagent for PVA identification
Iodine in boric
acid (H3BO3 )
Change from
yellow to blue
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Agar
Reagent for Agar
identification
Iodine
Change from brown
to purple-black
By heating the
reaction (at the temperature over 50 Celsius degree), Agar reacts to Iodine
to from a durable and black-purple complex
Adao
Reagent for Adao
identification
Tannic acid
Change from
yellowish to white precipitate
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CMC
Reagent for CMC
identification
Chromotropic acid
Purple testing
solution at the distinguishing layer
By heating the
reaction (at the temperature over 70±5 Celsius degree), CMC reacts to
chromotropic acid to from a characteristic purple complex
Agar (in shrimp
meat)
Benedict’s
reagent
C6H5O7Na3
NA2CO3
CuSO4.5H2O
The reagent
changes from blue to green with typically red-brick precipitate
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2. Experimental method
2.1 Sample preparation:
- Select the sampled shrimps with signs of
impurity containing by sensory inspection method mentioned in Section V; with
regard to frozen sampled shrimps, carry out inspection to identify impurities
in the samples, including the water from ice melting
- According to the type, amount and spots
of impurities in the sample, carry out the experiment on the body part where
impurities are usually concentrated such as cephalothorax and the abdomen that
is opened along the back of the shrimp (for impurities that are starch or PVA)
or transfer the impurity into the petri dish or test tube before the experiment
(especially for impurities that are agar, CMC and gelatin)
2.2 Experiment on the cephalothorax
Preparation for experiment on the
cephalothorax shall be made as follows:
- Hold the shrimp with left hand in such a
way that its head is downward
- Gently remove the shell of the shrimp's
head
- Slightly cut both side of the head
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- Carry out the experiment as prescribed in
item 2.5
2.3 Experiment on the abdomen
Preparation for experiment on the abdomen
shall be made as follows:
- Tightly hold the shrimp with the left
hand
- Gently remove all the shell (with regard
to unpeeled shrimps)
- Remove the shrimp’s head with a knife
(for shrimps with head)
- Run knife’s blade along the back of the
shrimp, from the 1st segment to the telson
- Open the shrimp’s abdomen and identifying
the central spot of impurities by using a magnifying glass
- Carry out the experiment as prescribed in
item 2.5
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- Prepare the sampled shrimp for experiment
purpose as prescribed in item 2.1
- Use a knife/spoon to transfer the
substance in the shrimp's head into a petri dish/test tube
- Carry out the experiment as prescribed in
item 2.5
2.5 Carrying out experiment:
Step-by-step use reagents for impurity identification
prepared in Part III, item 3.5 to detect the impurities in the shrimp as
follows:
2.5.1 Experiment for identification of
starch:
a) Add 1 drop of reagent for starch
identification to spots of impurities defined in item 2.1 (cephalothorax, abdomen
opened along the back of the shrimp or impurities in the petri dish) The starch
in the shrimp (if any) will immediately react to the reagent and form a
blue-black complex.
b) Observe and compare the color of the
reagent before and after the reaction in case of experiment on the sampled
shrimp
c) Make a judgment on the presence of
starch according to Section 3 (result reading)
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a) Add 1 drop of reagent for PVA
identification to spots of impurities defined in item 2.1 (cephalothorax,
abdomen opened along the back of the shrimp or impurities in the petri dish) The
PVA in the shrimp (if any) will immediately react to the reagent and form a
blue complex.
b) Observe and compare the color of the
reagent before and after the reaction in case of experiment on the sampled
shrimp
c) Make a judgment on the presence of PVA
according to Section 3 (result reading)
2.5.3 Experiment for Agar identification:
a) Use a knife/spoon to transfer the
impurity in the cephalothorax or abdomen of the shrimp into 2 test tubes Add
around 1ml of distilled water into each tube Shake the tubes by hand in 1
minute
b) Number two tubes for distinguishing one
from the other
c) Gently heat the first tube by a alcohol
burner or in a water bath at the temperature under 40 Celsius degree or at room
temperature
d) Boil the second tube by an alcohol
burner for about 2 minutes or in a water bath Do not stop the boiling process until
the impurity completely melts and the water is at boiling point
e) Cool the tubes until their temperature
is at room temperature Add 2 or 3 more drops of the reagent into two tubes; the
agar in the second tube (if any) will immediately react to the reagent and for
a black-purple complex.
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g) Make a judgment on the presence of agar
according to Section 3 (result reading)
2.5.4 Experiment for gelatin
identification:
a) Add 1 drop of reagent for gelatin identification
to spots of impurities defined in item 2.1; Gelatin in shrimps (if any) will
immediately react to the reagent and form white precipitate
b) Observe and compare the precipitation of
gelatin in the reagent in case of experiment on the sampled shrimp
c) Make a judgment on the presence of Adao
according to Section 3 (result reading)
2.5.5 Experiment for CMC identification:
a) Use a knife/spoon to transfer the
impurity in the cephalothorax or abdomen of the shrimp into 2 test tubes Add
around 1 to 2ml of distilled water into each tube Shake the tubes by hand in 30
seconds
b) Number two tubes for distinguishing one
from the other Add 0.5ml of chromotropic acid into the tubes to form a layer
distinguishing the former solution from the latter one Put the tubes into a
hot-water bath at the temperature of 70±5°C for 15 minutes
c) Observe and compare the color of the
reagent before and after the reaction in case of experiment on the sampled
shrimp
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2.6.1 Experiment for identification of Agar
in shrimp meat
Use the reagent for agar identification
prepared in Clause c point 3.2 in part III to identify agar in shrimps as
follow:
a) Weigh out 3g of shrimp meat going
through anabolic process in a test tube Add 1ml of concentrated hydrochloric
acid into the tube Boil the tub by an alcohol burner for around 30 to 60
seconds
b) Cool the tube at the room temperature Take
1ml of the solution in such tube out and put it into another tube
c) Neutralize the sample by adding 2ml of
NaOH, 10% w/v into the tube at pH ≈ 7
d) Add 5ml of Benedict's reagent and boil
the tube by a alcohol burner for 30 to 60 seconds (or boil in a water bath)
then cool it The agar in shrimps (if any) will immediately react to the reagent
and change the color of such reagent from blue to green, and the red-brown
precipitate is constructed.
e) Observe and compare the precipitation of
agar in the reagent for experiment on the sampled shrimp and blank sample
f) Make a judgment on the presence of agar
according to Section 3 (result reading)
2.6.2 Experiment for identification of CMC
in shrimp meat
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b) Slowly add 0.5ml of chromotropic acid
into the tubes to form a layer distinguishing the former solution from the
latter one Put the tubes into a hot-water bath at the temperature of 70±5°C for
15 minutes
c) Observe and compare the color of the
reagent before and after the reaction in case of experiment in the sampled
shrimp according to table no.3
d) Read the result
Use the following table to make a judgment
on presence of impurities in shrimps
Type of impurity
Used reagent
Chemical reaction
occurrence
Conclusion
Starch
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Color changes
from red to blue-black
Starch presence
No color change
Starch absence
PVA
Reagent for PVA
identification
Color changes
from yellowish red to blue
PVA presence
No color change
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Agar
Reagent for Agar
identification
Color changes
from red-brown to black-purpose
Agar presence
No color change
Agar absence
Gelatin
Reagent for gelatin
identification
White precipitate
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Precipitate
unfound
Gelatin absence
CMC
Reagent for CMC
identification
Purple testing
solution at the distinguishing layer
CMC presence
No purple testing
solution at the distinguishing layer
CMC absence
Agar (in shrimp
meat)
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Color changes
from blue to green Red-brown precipitate
Agar presence
No color change
and no typical precipitate
Agar absence
CMC (in shrimp
meat)
Reagent for CMC
identification
Purple testing
solution at the distinguishing layer
CMC presence
No purple testing
solution at the distinguishing layer
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e) Quality assurance:
When the experiment is carried out on the
blank sample, there is no change in the color of reagents in case of experiments
for identification of starch, PVA, CMC, Agar and no precipitate is found in
case of Adao experiment.
VII. TECHNICAL RECORD MAKING
The technical record must include the
results of sensory inspection and inspections by chemical methods, judgment on
impurity presence and type of impurity.
APPENDIX 2
(Issued together
with Circular No.07/2018/TT-BNNPTNT dated July 10, 2018 of the Minister of
Agriculture and Rural Development
(NAME OF THE
INSPECTION AUTHORITY)
INSPECTION DELEGATION ACCORDING TO DECISION NO…. (1)
---------
SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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(Location and
date)
TECHNICAL RECORD
SENSORY INSPECTION AND CURSOTY INSPECTIOHN BY CHEMICAL METHODS
REGARDING IMPURITIES
IN SHRIMPS
No……..
I. GENERAL INFORMATION
Name of goods owner/carrier:
Address:
Type of raw materials:
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Quantity:
Volume of shrimp batch:
Inspection date:
Inspection place
II. SENSORY INSPECTION RESULTS
Cephalothorax
□ Swelling, stretching and protruding
□ Normal
Carapace
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□ Normal
Abdomen's shell
□ Skin peeling, aqueous
□ Normal
Body
□ Roundly stretching, stretching segments
□ Normal
Tail
□ Spreading uropod, raising telson
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Rostrum and swimming legs
□ Swelling, aqueous
□ Normal
Between the shell and the cover of the
caphalohorax
□ Slippery substance
□ Normal
Sinus cephalothorax
□ Slippery/sticky/thick substance
□ Normal
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□ Slippery substance
□ Normal
Poking and pressing the body
□ Slippery/sticky/thick substance
□ Normal
The cut surface
□ Slippery substance with tiny seeds
□ Normal
Surface of shrimp meat at the cut
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□ Normal
Color and smell of the substance
□ Strange color or strange smell
□ Normal
State of the substance
□ Thick *Slippery/shinning
□ Seed containing * Sticky
III. RESULTS OF CURSORY INSPECTION BY
CHEMICAL METHODS
Type of impurity
to be inspected
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Transformation of
the reagent when reacting to the sample
Conclusion
Name of reagent
Yes
No
Description (if
any)
Found
Unfounded
Starch
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PVA
Iodine in boric
acid
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Agar
Iodine solution
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Chromotropic acid
Gelatin
Tannic acid
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IV. CONCLUSION
Clearly specify whether the shrimp
contains impurities Which type of impurity
V. OPINION OF THE GOODS OWNER:
(Location and
date)
Goods owner
(Sign)
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1 In case the inspector is assigned to
inspect the shrimp batch, he/she must state the name of inspection authority giving
the inspection assignment.