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THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT
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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No:
140/1999/QD-BNN/DCDC
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Hanoi, October 14, 1999
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DECISION
ON CONTENTS AND CRITERIA FOR SEDENTARY
FARMING AND RESIDENCE
THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Pursuant to Decree No. 73/CP of November 1st,
1995 of the Government on the function, tasks, powers and organizational
structure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development;
Pursuant to Decision No. 05/1998/QD-TTg of January 14, 1998 of the Prime
Minister on the management of the national target programs;
At the proposal of the Head of the Department for Sedentary Farming and
Residence and New Economic Zones,
DECIDES:
Chapter I
GENERAL QUESTIONS
Article 1.- This Decision provides for the contents of the
work of sedentary farming and residence (SFR) and the criteria to determine and
classify the objects of SFR, in service of the management and guidance of SFR
in the new conditions, under conformity with the realistic situation in the
mountain areas of our country at present.
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To carry out sedentary farming and residence is
to rearrange the population, reorganize production and build a new countryside
for the section of the ethnic minorities who are still practicing nomadic
farming and residence, thus helping to promote social progress and strengthen
national security and defense.
Article 3.- SFR aims to create conditions for the section of
the ethnic minorities in the mountain regions who are still practicing nomadic
farming by deforestation to have their habitations and farm land or stable
jobs, gradually reduce hunger and poverty, contributing to the protection of forests,
protection of the ecological environment.
Article 4.- The task of SFR is to persuade, guide, help and
organize the people still practicing nomadic farming and residence or who have
become sedented their residence but are still practicing nomadic farming to
build bases for sedentary farming and residence and to stabilize production and
life.
Article 5.- Basic contents of SFR:
- To help the family households to create stable
production means (chiefly farm land including plain and sloping land) and develop
production.
- To help rearrange the population and build a
new countryside.
- To help invest in building the essential
material bases in service of production and life.
- To develop the on-the-spot human resources, to
train and foster the contingent of grassroots cadres, to raise the knowledge
and production skill of the population.
Article 6.- SFR is targeted at the family house-holds and
the hamlets and communes of the ethnic minorities in the mountain areas who
still practice nomadic farming and residence or who have sedented their
residence but still practice nomadic farming.
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- Nomadic farming and residence is the form of
unstable farming and residence which depends for livehood chiefly on
deforestation and plowing of virgin land for cultivation of food crops by
exploiting the land for self supply.
- Sedentary residence and nomadic farming is the
form in which residence has become settled and part of the land has been put to
stable farming but production cannot yet meet the need in food, and
deforestation for farm land is still necessary.
- Sedentary farming and residence is the state
in which farming and residence have been stabilized, deforestation for farm
land has stopped as well as nomadic residence and food shortage between two
crops. The sedentary households have enough production means for stable farming
(chiefly farm land), and the sedentary hamlets and communes have enough
essential material bases to ensure production and life.
- Stable production means (chiefly farm land)
such as:
+ Wet fields, terrace fields, hilly fields for
intensive stable and long-term cultivation of food crops.
+ Land planted with industrial trees, specialty
trees fruit trees yieding income.
+ Pastures and ponds or lakes to develop
livestock breeding.
+ Forests and forest land which have been
allocated to the families for exploitation or assigned under contract for long
term protection.
+ Residential land and family household gardens.
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+ Small and medium water conservancy works in
service of intensive cultivation.
+ Roads linking hamlets and villages in service
of communication, production, goods circulation and supply of services to the
people in the area.
+ Public utility works such as schools,
classrooms, health stations, medicine chests, water supply facilities... to
ensure schooling, health care and improvement of the cultural and spiritutal
life of the people.
- To develop on-the-spot human resources is to
create conditions for the people to raise their knowledge in all aspects of
social life. To train and foster the contingent of grassroots cadres on how to
organize production and manage society.
Chapter
II
CONTENTS OF SEDENTARY FARMING AND RESIDENCE
Article 8.- To carry out the propaganda and dissemination of
the undertaking and policy on SFR of the Party and the State, the good
experiences and models in carrying out SFR; to promote the activities of the
mass organizations aimed at arousing the awareness of the people and get them
take part in SFR of their own free will.
Article 9.- To survey and have a firm grasp of the
socio-economic situation and the area of the objects of SFR, to work out the
SFR plan of the province and district and the SFR project of the commune suited
to the common development trend and the capacity in land and labor of each
locality. On this basis, to draw up concrete quarterly, yearly and long-term
plans for realization.
Article 10.- To plan the appropriate land, plants and
animals for planting food crops, industrial trees, specialty trees, fruit
trees, plant and exploit forests, develop trades and crafts to ensure stable
income to supplant nomadic farming.
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Article 12.- To build the essential material bases in
service of production and life, to ensure sustainable sedentary farming and
residence.
Article 13.- To adopt the plan to train and foster
grassroots cadres who can organize production and manage society in the
locality where sedentary farming and residence has been completed. To organize
study tours and popularize the experiences and raise the level of knowledge of
the population.
Chapter
III
CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING AND CLASSIFYING THE OBJECTS OF SFR
Article 14.- Criteria for determining nomadic farming and
residence:
- A household is said to be nomadic in farming
and residence when it has little or no land for stable farming and depends for
its livelihood mainly on the income from deforestation for nomadic farming
(from 50% upward). It has no fixed residence and moves wherever it has created
a swidden.
- A hamlet or village is said to be nomadic when
it has from 50% upward of its households practicing nomadic farming and
residence.
Article 15.- Criteria for determining sedentary in residence
but nomadic in farming:
- A household is said to be sedentary in
residence but nomadic in farming when it has a stable place of living and part
of its land has been put to stable farming. It depends for 50% - 80% of its
source of living on this stable farm land.
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The hamlets and communes which have less than
50% of their households sedentary in residence but nomadic in farming are
called hamlets or communes with households sedentary in residence and nomadic
in farming.
Article 16.- Criteria for determining objects of SFR:
- Hamlets or communes which have from 50% upward
of their households nomadic in farming and residence or sedentary in residence
but nomadic in farming are hamlets or communes targeted by the SFR program.
- Hamlets or communes which have less than 50%
of their households still nomadic in residence and farming or sedentary in
residence but nomadic in farming are called hamlets or communes with households
targeted by the SFR program.
Article 17.- Criteria for determining basic completion of
SFR:
- A household is said to have basically
completed sedentary farming and residence when it no longer suffers from food
deficiency between two harvests, no longer has to deforest for farm land and is
no longer nomadic in residence. They are determined by the following criteria:
+ 80% and more of the value of its income to
ensure its livelihood come from production on the stable farm land.
+ It has enough water for its daily use.
+ It has a stable place of living, a family
garden and has livestock to raise.
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- Districts and provinces are said to have
basically completed SFR when they have from 85% upward of households having
basically completed SFR (compared to the total of households in these districts
or provinces targeted by the SFR program).
- The State shall continue to assist and invest
in building the infrastructure and develop production through other
socio-economic programs in order to achieve sustainable sedentary farming and
residence.
Chapter
IV
IMPLEMENTATION ORGANIZATION
Article 18.- The Agriculture and Rural Development Service,
the Sub-Department (Commission) for Sedentary Farming and Residence and New
Economic Zones of the provinces targeted by the SFR program shall base
themselves on the contents and criteria stipulated in this Decision to revise
and classify the objects (nomadic in farming and residence, sedentary in
residence and nomadic in farming and those which have basically completed SFR)
as basis for the management and guidance for effective implementation of the
SFR program.
The Department for Sedentary Farming and
Residence and New Economic Zones shall help the Ministry organize, guide,
inspect and urge the grassroots in the implementation. Quarterly biannually,
and annually, they shall make an integrated report to the Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural Development.
Article 19.- This Decision takes effect 15 days after its
signing. Earlier stipulations which are contrary to this Decision are now
annulled.
Article 20.- The head of the Ministry’s Office, the heads of
the units attached to the Ministry, the Directors of the Agriculture and Rural
Development Services, the heads of the sub-departments (Commission Chiefs) for
Sedentary Farming and Residence and New Economic Zones of the mountain
provinces or provinces having mountain areas shall have to implement this
Decision.
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FOR THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
VICE MINISTER
Nguyen Van Dang