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MINISTRY OF
INDUSTRY AND TRADE
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No. 33/2011/TT-BCT
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Hanoi, September 06,
2011
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CIRCULAR
ON
CONTENTS, METHODS, AND PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRICAL LOAD RESEARCH
Pursuant to the
Government's Decree No. 189/2007/ND-CP on December 27, 2007 on defining the
functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of
Industry and Trade;
Pursuant to the
Government's Decree No. 44/2011/ND-CP dated June 14, 2011 on amendments to
Article 3 of the Government's Decree No. 189/2007/ND-CP on December 27, 2007 on
defining the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the
Ministry of Industry and Trade;
Pursuant to the Law
on Electricity dated December 03, 2004;
Pursuant to the
Government's Decree No. 105/2005/ND-CP dated August 17, 2005 detailing and
guiding the implementation of the Law on Electricity;
The Minister of
Industry and Trade promulgates a Circular on contents, methods, and procedure
for electrical load research:
Chapter I
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Article
1. Scope of regulation
This Circular deals
with the methodology for researching electrical load of the national and local
electricity systems serving the forecasting of electricity demands and
structuring electricity prices.
Article
2. Subjects of application
This Circular is
applicable to:
1. Vietnam Electricity;
2. General companies of
electricity (hereinafter referred to as general companies).
3. The System and market
operator.
Article
3. Interpretation of terms
In this Circular, the
terms below are construed as follows:
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2. Load research
database of general companies is the database that contains information about
electricity consumption of sample loads, result and forecasting of load
profiles of general companies.
3. National load
research database is the database that contains information about electricity
consumption of sample loads, result and forecasting of load profiles of the
national electricity system.
4. Load range is a set
of load in the same range of power or electric energy in each group of load.
5. Sample load is the
electrical load that represents a group of load, which is calculated based on
probability theory with reliability and margin or error within limits.
6. A typical day is the
day that has the typical consumption of loads. Typical days include typical working days,
weekend, holidays of months and years.
7. Group of load is a set
of electrical loads that have similar energy consumption characteristics, which
belong to one of the sectors specified in Appendix 1 to this Circular.
8. Non-residential load
is electrical load that belongs to the sectors of industry - construction,
trading-hotel-restaurant, agriculture-forestry-fishery, and other activities.
9. Residential load is
electrical load of households.
10. Heavy loads are the
loads of which consumption rates are regulated by Electricity Regulatory
Authority.
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12. Sectors are the loads
separated into groups of electrical loads, including: industry-construction,
trading-hotel-restaurant, agriculture-forestry-fishery, and other activities.
Chapter
II
CONTENTS
AND METHODS OF LOAD RESEARCH
Article
4. Load research contents
Load research
includes:
1. Designing, selecting sample
loads.
2. Collecting, adjusting
information about electricity consumption of sample loads.
3. Constructing load
profiles of load groups and sectors
4. Forecasting load
profiles.
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Combining the
bottom-up approach and top-down approach as follows:
1. Collect the
electricity consumption of the sample load to make load profiles of the load
groups and sectors (bottom-up approach).
2. Collect past load
profiles of the electricity system to adjust the load profiles of the load
groups and sectors using the bottom-up approach; the factors of socio-economic
development to forecast the load profile (top-down approach).
Chapter
III
PROCEDURE
FOR DESIGNING AND SELECTING SAMPLE LOADS
Section
1. DESIGNING, SELECTING THE NON-RESIDENTIAL SAMPLE LOADS
Section
6. PROCEDURE FOR DESIGNING, SELECTING THE NON-RESIDENTIAL SAMPLE LOADS
1. Analyze and classify
non-residential loads
2. Find target variables
serving the calculation and selection of the sample load.
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4. Calculate the
quantity of sample loads.
5. Select and distribute
non-residential sample loads among general companies.
Article
7. Analyzing and classifying non-residential loads
1. The factors that need
considering when analyzing and classifying non-residential loads:
a) The
characteristics of load groups and sectors;
b) The connecting
voltages of loads;
c) Geographical and
seasonal factors;
d) Other necessary
information about the load types.
2. The non-residential
load types shall be analyzed and classified in the following order:
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b) Classify loads in
the load type by connecting voltage, geographic area, season (irrigation) and
other characteristics (if any).
3. Make a list of loads
sorted by non-residential load group and sectors based on the classification in
Clause 2 of this Article.
Article
8. Determining target variables serving the calculation and selection of the sample
load
1. Target variables are
important parameters for demonstrating the electricity consumption of each
group of non-residential load, and used for calculating standard deviation and
minimum quantity non-residential loads in load research.
2. Target variables are
selected from one of the quantities below:
a) The load power
when the power of the electricity system reaches the maximum value in the year;
b) The load power
during peak hours by day or night of the day when the power of the electricity
system reaches the highest level in the year;
c) Time of use (TOU);
d) Time of use in the
whole year of non-residential loads.
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The analysis and stratification
of consumption ranges for each group of non-residential loads shall be carried
out as follows:
1. Determine the
quantity and assess the proportion of power or electricity consumption of heavy
loads.
2. Follow Dalenius-Hodges
to make load profiles by power or consumption, determine the optimal boundary
to stratify power or consumption ranges. The details of Dalenius-Hodges approach are
provided in Appendix 2 to this Circular.
The result of
analyzing, stratifying power or consumption ranges for each group of
non-residential loads includes:
a) The quantity of ranges
and loads in each range;
b) The average power
or consumption of each consumption range;
c) The standard
deviation of each range.
Article
10. Calculating the quantity of non-residential sample loads
Quantity of
non-residential sample loads of each load range is calculated as follows:
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2. Remove the load ranges
of which the total power or consumption of loads is below 1% of the total power
or consumption of the group of loads.
3. Select one of the
methods for calculating the quantity of sample loads for the remaining load ranges. The calculating
methods include:
a) Normal distribution
function;
b) Mean Per Unit
(MPU);
c) Separate Ratio
(SR);
d) Combined Ratio
(CR).
The details of
methods for calculating the quantity of load quantity of load range are
provided in Appendix 2 to this Circular.
4. Find value of
reliability and margin of error serving the calculation of model quantity based
on the budget for load research.
5. Calculate the number
of sample loads of each load range.
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Article
11. Distributing and selecting non-residential sample loads
1. Based on the quantity
of models of each load group, Vietnam Electricity shall distribute models (if
changes are made) to every general company in direct proportion to the
commercial energy of the their load groups by May 15 every year.
2. General companies
shall make lists of loads selected as models according to the number of models
distributed, specifying their names, addresses, voltages, load ranges, load
groups, and sectors.
3. General companies
shall make lists of back-up non-residential sample loads.
4. General companies
shall send Vietnam Electricity the lists of loads selected as models according
to the number of models distributed and the lists of back-up sample loads by
December 12 every year.
Article
12. Reports on assessment of non-residential sample loads
By December 20 every
year, Vietnam Electricity shall complete and send the report on assessment of
non-residential sample loads nationwide of the next year to Electricity
Regulatory Authority, which consists of:
1. The calculation,
design, and distribution of non-residential sample loads.
2. Comparison of the
change (if any) in the number of non-residential sample loads in comparison with
that in the previous year.
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Article
13. Responsibilities of units for the design and selection of non-residential sample
loads
1. Vietnam Electricity
shall:
a) Calculate, decide
the number of non-residential loads nationwide;
b) Distribute
non-residential sample loads among general companies;
c) Determine the
technical characteristics of the system for collecting data serving load
research, management and supervision of investment and installation of
equipment serving the research of non-residential sample loads nationwide.
2. General companies
shall:
a) Make lists of
non-residential sample loads based on the number of models calculated and
distributed by Vietnam Electricity;
b) Make investments
and install equipment for collecting data serving the load research of local
non-residential sample loads.
Section
2. DESIGNING RESIDENTIAL SAMPLE LOADS
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1. The factors that need
considering when analyzing and classifying residential load groups:
a) The geographical factors;
b) Urban or rural
area;
c) The weather
(seasons);
d) The level of
electrification and electricity consumption of households or other
characteristics of each residential load group.
2. Analyze and classify
residential loads into general companies in the following order:
a) Classify load
groups by rural areas and urban areas to differentiate set apart the level of electrification
and power consumption of households;
b) Classify
residential load groups by their characteristics, including private houses,
apartments, villas, or houses for rent;
c) Select the
quantity of models for each residential load group;
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dd) Make a list of
back-up residential sample loads.
3. General companies
shall send Vietnam Electricity the lists of residential sample loads and the
lists of back-up residential sample loads by December 12 every year.
4. Vietnam Electricity
shall aggregate the residential sample loads and sort them by the North, the
Middle and the South to differentiate geographical factors and weather in the
year.
Article
15. Reports on assessment of residential sample loads
By December 20 every
year, Vietnam Electricity shall complete and send the report on assessment of
residential sample loads nationwide of the next year to Electricity Regulatory
Authority, which consists of:
1. The calculation,
design, and distribution of residential sample loads.
2. Assessment of the
change (if any) in the number of residential sample loads in comparison to the
previous year.
3. Comparison of the
lists of residential loads made by general companies with the calculation,
design, and the number of residential sample loads distributed to general
companies.
Article
16. Responsibilities of units for the design and selection of residential sample
loads
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a) Calculate, design,
and make lists of residential sample loads under their management;
b) Make investments
and install equipment for collecting data serving the load research of residential
sample loads under their management.
2. Vietnam Electricity
shall:
a) Aggregate the
residential sample loads nationwide based on the budget and proportion of power
consumption of each unit to the total consumption nationwide;
b) Determine the
technical characteristics of the system for load research, management and
supervision of investment and installation of equipment serving the research of
residential sample loads nationwide.
Chapter
IV
PROCEDURE
FOR COLLECTING AND ADJUSTING DATA, MAKING AND FORECASTING LOAD PROFILES
Section
1. Collecting, adjusting data
Article
17. Collecting meter data of sample loads
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2. General companies
shall install electricity meters that automatically transmit data to the
general companies at 0h every day.
Article
18. Detecting errors of sample load meters
The following tasks
shall be performed to detect the errors of sample load meters:
1. Check the period from
the beginning of data reading until the end.
2. Check the zero (0) energy
value.
3. Check the status (to
find suspicious signs that need checking).
4. Check and compare the
total value of electricity of the load in a cycle to the total commercial energy
measured monthly.
5. Compare the measured
figures to the consumption threshold of the sample loads.
6. Check and compare the
value of commercial energy to that of the previous month or the same month of
the previous year.
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8. Check the load
coefficient.
Article
19. Calibrating and estimating meter data of sample loads
1. Calibrating and
estimating data meter of sample loads means adjusting the data that are lost,
insufficient or inaccurate when detecting errors during data collection.
2. The
methods for calibrating and estimating meter data include:
a) Linear
interpolation from the consumption tendency curve;
b)
Similar days: using the similar day’s data of the current or previous week;
c)
Automatic estimation: used if no more than 07 days’ data are missing;
d) Visual
observation of graphs: to find error data company make decisions on estimated
data;
dd)
Manual data adjustment and estimation: used if more than 07 days’ data are
missing;
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3. Calibrated
and adjusted meter data of sample loads shall be stored to establish a database
for load research.
Article 20. Transmission of sample load data to the load research
database
By the 20th
of the next month, general companies shall finish collecting, calibrating and
estimating meter number of sample loads, and then send calibrated data to
Vietnam Electricity for update on the national load research database.
Article 21. Quarterly reports on assessment of sample load data
By the 20th
of the first month of the next quarter, general companies shall complete and
submit reports on the assessment of collection and calibration of meter data of
sample loads to Vietnam Electricity.
Article 22. Responsibilities of units for data collection and
calibration
1. General
companies shall:
a)
Install meters, collect and calibrate consumption values from the meter of the
sample loads, and manage the database of sample loads under their management;
b)
Transmit the calibrated database of sample loads to Vietnam Electricity for
developing the national load research database.
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Section 2. ANALYSIS AND
CONSTRUCTION OF LOAD PROFILES
Article
23. Annual standardized average load profile
1. The
annual standardized average load profile of each load group and sector is made
by calculating and aggregating annual standardized load profile of every sample
load.
2. The
annual standardized average load profile of each load group and sector is made
as follows:
a) Step
1: construct the annual standardized profile of each sample load by dividing
the load profile in the year by the commercial energy of the sample load in the
month;
b) Step
2: construct the annual standardized average load profile of each load group by
finding the arithmetic mean of the annual standardized profiles of sample loads
of that group;
c) Step
3: construct the annual standardized average load profile of each sector by
finding the arithmetic mean of the annual standardized profiles of load groups
of that sector;
d) Step
4: construct the annual standardized average load profile of the general
company, local or national electricity system by finding the arithmetic mean of
the annual standardized profiles of sectors;
dd) Step
5: update the annual standardized average load profile of every group and
sector on the load research database.
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1. The
monthly standardized average load profile is made by calculating and
aggregating monthly standardized load profile of every sample load.
2. The
monthly standardized average load profiles of load groups and sectors are made
as follows:
a) Step
1: construct the monthly standardized profile of each sample load by dividing
the load profile in the month by the commercial energy of the sample load in
the month;
b) Step
2: construct the monthly standardized average load profile of each load group
by finding the arithmetic mean of the monthly standardized profiles of sample loads
of that group;
c) Step
3: construct the monthly standardized average load profile of each sector by
finding the arithmetic mean of the monthly standardized profiles of load groups
of that sector;
d) Step
4: construct the monthly standardized average load profile of the general
company, local or national electricity system by finding the arithmetic mean of
the monthly standardized profiles of sectors;
dd) Step
5: update the monthly standardized average load profile of every group and
sector on the load research database.
Article 25. Actual load profiles
1. The
annual or monthly actual load profile of each load group is constructed by
multiplying the annual or monthly standardized average load profile by the
value of corresponding commercial energy of such load group.
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3. The
annual or monthly actual load profile of a general company, a local electricity
system, or the national the electricity system is constructed by aggregating
corresponding actual load profiles of the sectors.
4. The
annual or monthly actual load profile of every load group sector, general
company, local electricity system and the national the electricity system shall
be stored in the load research database;
Article 26. Load profiles of typical days
1. The
annual or monthly actual load profile of the typical working day of a load
group, a sector, a general company, a local the electricity system or the
national the electricity system is arithmetic mean of corresponding actual load
profiles of working days the load group, sector, general company, local
electricity system or national electricity system.
2. The
annual or monthly actual load profile of the typical weekend or holiday of a
load group, a sector, a general company, a local the electricity system or the
national the electricity system is arithmetic mean of corresponding actual load
profiles of weekends or holidays of the load group, sector, general company,
local electricity system or national electricity system.
Article 27. Reports on analysis and construction of load profiles
Based on
the load profile construction result, the report on load profile analysis shall
contain:
1. The
results of calculation and construction of the standardized average load
profile; the actual load profile; the annual and monthly load profiles of
typical days of load groups, sectors, general companies, local electricity
systems or the national electricity system mentioned in Article 23, Article 24,
Article 25, and Article 26 of this Circular.
2. Analysis
and assessment of the growth of commercial energy of the unit and the whole the
national electricity system by load group and sector in comparison to the
previous year.
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4. Assessment
of the effect of load groups and sectors on the peak power of general
companies, local or national electricity systems, including: peak frequency,
changes of peak power, contribution to peak power. Comparison
to the actual load profile of the local or national electricity system.
5. Chronological
change of load profiles of load groups and sectors.
6. Comparison
of the tendency to change of load profiles of load groups and sectors with
developments of temperatures, industrial production indicators, and the factors
related to other businesses.
Article 28. Reports on analysis and construction of quarterly load
profiles
1. By the 20th
of the second month of the next quarter, general companies shall complete and
submit reports on analysis and construction of monthly load profiles in the
month and the quarterly load profile to Vietnam Electricity, the system and
market operator, and Electricity Regulatory Authority.
2. By the 25th
of the second month of the next quarter, Vietnam Electricity shall complete and
send a report on the analysis and construction of quarterly load profiles of
the national and local electricity systems to Electricity Regulatory Authority.
Article 29. Reports on analysis and construction of annual load
profiles
1. By the
January 20 of the next year, general companies shall complete and submit reports
on analysis and construction of its annual load profile to Vietnam Electricity,
the system and market operator, and Electricity Regulatory Authority.
2. By the 25th
of the second month of the next quarter, Vietnam Electricity shall complete and
send a report on the analysis and construction of annual load profiles of the
national and local electricity systems to Electricity Regulatory Authority.
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1. General
companies shall calculate, construct annual and quarterly load profiles and
make reports on the result of analysis and construction of such load profiles.
2. Vietnam
Electricity shall calculate, construct load profiles of the national and local
electricity systems and make reports on the result of analysis and construction
of such load profiles.
3. The
System and market operator shall calculate, construct load profiles in
accordance with the Circular No. 12/2010/TT-BCT dated April 15, 2010 of the
Ministry of Industry and Trade on electricity transmission system.
Section 3. LOAD PROFILE FORECASTING
Article 31. Load profile of typical days
The
bottom-up approach and top-down approach shall be combined to forecast load
profiles, in particular:
1. Top-down
approach:
a) Use
data sequence of past load profiles to forecast load profile tendency;
b)
Forecast load profiles based on load profile tendency forecasting and the
effect of the weather, economic growth, population and elasticity coefficient
on electricity prices.
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a) Use
the annual and monthly standardized average load profiles to forecast load
profiles of each load group and sector;
b) Forecast
monthly and annual commercial energy of each load group and sector, with due
regard taken of: the emergence of new loads, growth of loads, socio-economic
development, industry, growth of modernization of electric appliances, demand
side management solutions adopted (DSM);
c)
Forecast load profiles of each load group and sector based on the monthly and
annual load profile tendency forecasting and commercial energy forecasting.
3. Compare
the load profile forecasting results produced by both methods to analyze and
determine the load profile forecasting result.
Article 32. Reports on load profile forecasting
Based on
the load profile forecasting result, the report on load profile forecasting
shall contain:
1. The
results of calculation and forecasting of the standardized average load
profile; the actual load profile; the annual and monthly load profiles of
typical days of load groups, sectors, general companies, local electricity
systems or the national electricity system mentioned in Article 23, Article 24,
Article 25, and Article 26 of this Circular.
2. Analysis
and assessment of the growth of commercial energy of the unit and the whole the
national electricity system by load group and sector in comparison to the
previous year.
3. Assessment
of the tendency to change of load profiles of the load groups and sectors that
account for the majority of consumption or have significant growth.
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5. Chronological
change of load profiles of load groups and sectors.
6. Comparison
of the tendency to change of load profiles of load groups and sectors with
developments of temperatures, industrial production indicators, and the factors
related to other businesses.
Article 33. Reporting load profile forecasting
1. General
companies, the system and market operator shall complete the reports on annual,
monthly, and weekly load profile forecasting in accordance with Article 16,
Article 17, and Article 18 of the Circular No. 12/2010/TT-BCT.
2. By
September 15 every year, Vietnam Electricity shall complete and send a report
annual load profile forecasting in accordance with the annual operation plan.
Article 34. Responsibility of units for reporting load profiles
1. General
companies shall calculate and forecast annual and monthly load profile to serve
load forecasting, electricity system operation planning, electricity
distribution and pricing.
2. Vietnam
Electricity shall calculate and forecast annual load profiles of the national and
local electricity systems to serve electricity pricing and demand side
management.
3. The
System and market operator shall calculate and forecast annual and monthly load
profiles of the national and local electricity systems to serve load
forecasting and national electricity system operation planning.
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EXEMPTION
Article
35. Cases of exemption
The units regulated
by this Circular may apply for exemption in the following cases:
1. The unit provides
explanation for the difficulties related to technical infrastructure and
capacity.
2. The unit proves the
entitlement to exemption in accordance with this Circular.
Article
36. The power and basis to decide exemption
1. Electricity
Regulatory Authority shall consider and approve the cases eligible for
exemption according to Article 35 of this Circular.
2. The basis for
considering exemption includes:
a) The condition of
the applying unit (the difficulties related to infrastructure, capacity, or
other relevant reasons);
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c) Other bases
related to the exemption (if any).
Article
37. Application for exemption
An application for
exemption consists of:
1. A written request for
exemption specifying the required information in Points a, b, c Clause 2
Article 6 of this Circular.
2. Explanation for the
reasons for exemption and commitments when exemption is given.
3. Written opinions of
Vietnam Electricity about the request of exemption.
Article
38. Procedure for processing the application for exemption
1. The application for
exemption shall be sent by post or submitted directly to Electricity Regulatory
Authority directly.
2. Within 07 days from
the day on which the application is received, Electricity Regulatory Authority
shall send a written notification to the applicant of the validity of the
application.
If the
application is not valid, Electricity Regulatory Authority shall specify the
necessary additions.
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4. If the request for exemption
involves complicated facts and other units, the processing period may be extended
without exceeding 15 working days.
Article
39. Responsibility to provide information
Vietnam Electricity
and general companies are obligated to provide information at the request of
Electricity Regulatory Authority.
Article
40. Withdrawal of request for exemption
If the request for
exemption is withdrawn, the applicant shall send a written notification to
Electricity Regulatory Authority.
Article
41. Revocation of decision on giving exemption
Electricity
Regulatory Authority is entitled to revoke the decision on giving exemption in
the following cases:
1. Deception is found
during the submission of request for exemption.
2. The exempt unit fails
to fulfill the conditions or commitments or fail to comply with the period
stated in the decision on giving exemption.
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Chapter
VI
IMPLEMENTATION
Article
42. Implementation
1. Electricity
Regulatory Authority shall disseminate, provide guidance and inspect the
implementation of this Circular; formulate and promulgate detailed procedure
for load research.
2. Vietnam Electricity
shall provide training in the installation and use of hardware and software
serving load research.
3. Units must report the
difficulties that arise during the implementation to Electricity Regulatory
Authority for Electricity Regulatory Authority to consider and request the
Ministry of Industry and Trade to make necessary amendments to this Circular.
Article
43. Effect
This Circular takes
effect on October 21, 2011.
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PP THE MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Hoang Quoc Vuong
APPENDIX
1
LOAD
SECTORS, LOAD GROUPS AND SUBGROUPS
(to
the Circular No. 33/2011/TT-BCT dated September 06, 2011)
Sector
Load group
Load subgroup
I. Agriculture-Forestry-Fishery
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1. Agriculture-Forestry-Fishery
1. Irrigation pumping
serving agriculture (including local pumping stations under the management of
agriculture cooperatives)
2. Closing, opening
drains to regulate water, separating flood and serve agricultural production.
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3. Electricity
supplied for other agricultural activities such as watering, planting
services, cleaning barns and stables, plant protection, cross-breeding,
warming cattle, etc.
4. Electricity
supplied for forestry: including forestry facilities, dependant forestry
processing such as planting, improving, segmenting and protecting forests. Extraction of other
forest products such as timber, bamboo, rattan and other products.
5. Electricity
supplied for fishery, including catching, cultivating aquaculture products
and relevant services
II. Industry-construction
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1. Mineral extraction
1. Coal mining
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3. Extraction of
uranium and thorium ore
4. Extraction of
ferrous and non-ferrous metal ore
5. Extraction of
stones, sand, gravel, clay, kaolin, chemical minerals, fertilizer minerals,
salt, etc. Other unclassified mines
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2. Food processing
1. Food production
includes: processing and preserving meat, fish and their products; processing
vegetables, spices, sauces, gravy, vinegar, yeast; animal fat or vegetable
oil; threshing, producing wheat and its products such as noodle, bread,
vermicelli, etc.; producing and processing other foods such as butter, milk,
confectionary, sugar, cocoa, chocolate, tea, coffee; processing foods for
infants and foods for patients
2. Producing beverage:
wine, beer, mineral water, soft drinks
3. Producing tobacco
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1. Producing thread
and textile, finishing thread and textile, producing weaved products
2. Producing clothes,
dying fur skin (apparel)
3. Tanning and
preparing leather, producing suitcases, handbags, saddles, and footwear
4. Treating timber
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5. Paper
1. Producing paper and
paper products
6. Printing
1. Publishing,
printing, copying materials such as music tapes and discs
7. Chemicals
1. Producing coke,
refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel
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2. Producing
chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, and other agricultural chemicals;
producing paint, varnish, ink, mastics; producing medicines, pharmaceuticals
and herbal ingredients; producing cosmetics, soap, detergents and hygiene
products, etc.
3. Producing rubber
and plastic products
4. Producing products
from non-metallic minerals such as glass, glass products, pottery, ceramics,
refractory items, tiles, cement, lime, concrete, and other products from
cement and sand; shaping and finishing stones, pitch, asphalt, stone powder,
natural or artificial grinding powder; producing products from asbestos,
etc.
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5. Recycling wastes,
metal scrap and non-metal scrap
8. Metallurgy
1. Producing metals
such as iron, steel, non-ferrous metals, rare metals; casting iron, steel,
non-ferrous metals
2. Producing metal
products
9. Manufacturing machinery
and equipment
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2. Manufacturing
electrical equipment, wires, batteries, lighting equipment
3. Manufacturing
radio, televisions, multimedia equipment and electronic components
4. Manufacturing and
assembling household articles such as electric fans, irons, washing machines,
fridges, etc.
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5. Manufacturing
medical equipment, precision instruments, optical instruments, and meters
6. Manufacturing motor
vehicles, tractors; manufacturing vehicles (bicycles, motorbikes);
manufacturing and repairing road vehicles, waterway vehicles, rail road
vehicles, and aircrafts
7. Manufacturing
furniture and other products (musical instruments, sports instruments,
entertainment instruments)
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1. Concentrated
production and distribution of flammable gas
2. Manufacturing gas,
distributing gas fuel by pipelines.
3. Extracting,
filtering and distributing water
11. Construction
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2. Construction
3. Installation
III. Commerce-Hotel-Restaurant
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1. Wholesaling,
retailing, repairing services
1. Running wholesale
or retail shops of companies, shops (including packaging and warranty)
2. Repairing,
preserving consumables
2. Hotel
1. Hotels
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2. Motels
3. Restaurant
1. Restaurants
4. Office/Banking
1. Banking, insurance,
credit operations
5. Foreign cooperation
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IV. Everyday life
1. Urban everyday life
1. Electricity serving
everyday life of households in urban areas
2. Rural everyday life
1. Electricity serving
everyday life of households in rural areas, highlands, islands, remote areas
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1. Administrative
offices
1. Electricity
supplied to the agencies of the Communist Party and the State, the armed
forces, central and local public associations and guilds.
2. Embassies, UN’s
organizations, representative offices of foreign organizations in Vietnam
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3. Electricity
supplied for offices of companies and public service agencies includes:
electricity supplied for operations of offices of companies and public
service agencies (except for cultural units, hospitals and schools)
2. Art and sports
centers
1. Theatres, cinemas,
circuses, information and exhibition centers, museums, memorial buildings,
historical remains, places of worship
2. Art and sports
clubs, amusement parks, parks, stadiums
3. Schools/universities
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2. Electricity serving
the operation of research institutes
4. Hospitals
1. Hospitals, medical
stations, sanitariums, nursing homes, orphanages
5. Public lighting
1. Electricity
supplied for lighting of public places and other non-profit public activities
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2. Electricity serving
traffic control
3. Electricity
supplied for warehouses and depots
2. Electricity serving
the operation of IT and software centers
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1. Electricity used
for radio, television, transmission of information, and telecommunication
7. Other activities
1. Other unclassified
activities
APPENDIX
2
METHODS
FOR CALCULATING, DESIGNING AND SELECTING NON-RESIDENTIAL SAMPLE LOADS
(to
the Circular No. 33/2011/TT-BCT dated September 06, 2011)
1. Stratifying load ranges by power or
consumption (Dalenius-Hodge method)
a) Dalenius-Hodge method is used for calculating
and stratifying load ranges by power or consumption.
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c) Formula for calculating rate of occurrence
of sample group:
Where:
- CSqF1 is
the cumulative square root of rate of occurrence of group 1
- N1 is
the number of points in group 1
- Width1 is
the width of the range of group 1 (this value is optional)
The formula below is
used for calculating the next value:
Where:
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- Widthd
is the width of the range of group d.
2. Calculating sizes of sample
loads using normal distribution function
a) The method of calculating sizes of sample
loads using normal distribution function is used for finding the minimum
quantity of sample loads of each load range (classified by consumption of each
load group) and aggregating the minimum quantity of sample loads of each load
group and sector.
b) Presuming the loads are distributed by
normal distribution, the variable of which is the annual electricity
consumption, the minimum quantity of sample loads is calculated as follows:
Where:
n: minimum quantity of sample loads.
E: margin of error - the maximum difference
between the average value µ and average value of sample 
.
: standard deviation of random quantity X.
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N: total quantity of loads in the consumption
range of the load group.
Standard deviation is
used for assessing the spread of values of a random quantity, and calculated as
follows:
Where:
Dx: average square deviation of
random quantity X.
EX: Expectation or average value of random
quantity X.
: mean square of X, expressed as percentage
of commercial energy of the loads in the consumption range of the subgroup.
3. Mean per unit (MPU)
a) MPU method is the simplest method for calculating
the quantity of sample loads for each load range using the average consumption
per hour of the loads in the range.
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Where:
• s load range;
• c sample load;
• y target variable
(kWh);
• x auxiliary
variable (monthly commercial energy).
4. Separate ratio (SR)
An auxiliary variable is known to all cases
in the set.
In load
research, the auxiliary variable might be:
- The annual production;
- The seasonal production;
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The ratio methods use set data and sample load
data for auxiliary variables to increase the accuracy. Such methods are
effective when the target variable and auxiliary variable are closely related.
Variables used for modeling, variables used
for developing are usually the production of the business month or calendar
month. There are 02 types of
development:
- SR method using monthly production of each
load group
- CR method using monthly production of each
stratum.
SR method is usually used because the set
production only appears in strata, not load groups.
Estimation
methods
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k is the ratio of set production to estimated
MPU of aggregated production.
k is used to estimate the mean and values of
total KW. It adjusts the difference between the size (kWh) of samples in comparison
to the set
R is the ratio of estimated MPU of KW to MPU
of kWh.
R is used to estimate variances and standard
variations