STATE
BANK OF VIETNAM
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|
SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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|
No.
19/2013/TT-NHNN
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Hanoi,
September 06, 2013
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CIRCULAR
ON
THE PURCHASE, SALE AND SETTLEMENT OF BAD DEBTS OF VIETNAM ASSET MANAGEMENT
COMPANY
Pursuant to the Law on the State bank of Vietnam No.
46/2010/QH12 dated June 16, 2010;
Pursuant to the Law on credit institutions No. 47/2010/QH12
dated June 16, 2010;
Pursuant to the Law on Enterprises No. 60/2005/QH11 dated
November 29, 2005;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 96/2008/ND-CP on
August 26, 2008 defining the functions, tasks, powers and organizational
structure of the State bank of Vietnam;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP on
the establishment, organization and operation of Vietnam Asset Management
Company;
At the request of the Chief Banking Inspector,
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Chapter 1.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Scope of regulation
This Circular deals with the purchase, sale, and settlement of
bad debts of Vietnam Asset Management Company (VAMC), the issuance, management
and redemption of special bonds.
Article 2.
Subjects of application
1. VAMC.
2. Vietnamese credit institutions (hereinafter referred to as
credit institutions).
3. Borrowers.
4. Guarantors.
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Article 3. Interpretation of terms
In this Circular, the terms below are construed as follows:
1. Debt-selling credit institutions mean the credit
institutions that sell bad debts to VAMC.
2. Debt restructuring means the adjustment of repayment term,
debt rescheduling, writing of or reduction of fines for overdue payments,
adjustment of interest rates of bad debts.
3. Adjustment of repayment term means the agreement to change
the repayment term of principal and interest by the repayment deadline stated
in the credit contract, entrustment contract, or corporate bond purchase
contract so that the repayment deadline remains unchanged.
4. Debt rescheduling means the
agreement extend the deadline for paying principal and interest stated in the
credit contract, entrustment contract, or corporate bond purchase contract.
5. Authorized credit institutions are the debt-selling credit
institutions authorized by VAMC to perform one or some tasks of VAMC.
6. The book value of outstanding principal of bad debts at the
credit institution means the outstanding principal of the bad debt on the
balance sheet of the credit institution; the book value of outstanding
principal of the bad debt at VAMC is the purchase price or the outstanding principal
of the bad debt on the balance sheet of VAMC.
7. Debt means the outstanding debt of the credit extension
contract or agreement, entrustment contract, or corporate bond purchase
contract of the credit institution.
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9. Date of issue of special bonds is the day on which the
bonds come into operation and is the basis for determine the day to redeem
bonds.
Article 4. Promulgation and announcement
of policies and regulations on purchasing, selling and settling bad debts
1. VAMC shall promulgate and implement the policies and
regulations on:
a) The permissible operations according to Clause 1 Article 12
of Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP on the establishment,
organization and operation of Vietnam Asset Management Company (hereinafter
referred to as the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP);
b) Issuance, management and redemption of special bonds;
c) Transparency of purchase, sale, and settlement of bad
debts;
d) Restructuring of bad debts and financial supports for
borrowers.
2. Within 05 working days from the date of promulgation,
amendment, revocation, supersession of the policies, regulations in Clause 1 of
this Article, VAMC shall announce them on its website and send reports to the
State bank (Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency) directly or by post for
inspection and supervision.
Chapter 2.
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SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 5. The power to purchase, sell bad
debts
The power to decide the purchase, sale of bad debts, the power
to conclude and execute debt purchase contracts of VAMC and credit institutions
shall comply with law, the charters of VAMC and credit institutions.
Article 6. Currency
1. The currency used for the purchase and sale of bad debts
between VAMC and credit institutions is VND.
2. When VAMC uses special bonds to buy bad debts in foreign
currencies of credit institutions:
a) If the bad debt is in USD, the exchange rate is the average
exchange rate on the inter-bank foreign exchange market announced by the State
bank when the debt purchase contract is concluded;
b) If the bad debt is other currencies than USD, the exchange
rates are the exchange rates used for calculating export and import tax applied
to such currencies that are announced by the State bank when the debt purchase
contract is concluded;
3. When VAMC uses special bonds to buy bad debts in gold of
credit institutions, the gold purchase price announced by SJC when the debt
purchase contract is concluded shall apply.
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1. When bad debt is sold, all rights and interests associated
with the bad debt, collateral, and other security measures shall be preserved
and transferred to the debt buyer under the debt purchase contract.
2. When VAMC and the credit institution reach agreement on
adjusting the security conditions of the bad debt, a written approval of the
borrower and guarantor shall be obtained.
Article 8. Principles buying and selling
bad debts
1. Transparency.
2. Compliance to law and the debt purchase contract.
3. Limitation of risks and expenses during bad debt purchase.
4. The purchase shall be made with regard to each bad debt or
borrower (if a borrower has multiple bad debts at a credit institution), or
group of borrower (if an asset is put up as collateral for multiple bad debts
of multiple borrowers at a credit institution) or in other legitimate methods
agreed by both parties.
Article 9. Extending credit to borrowers
that sell bad debts to VAMC
The borrowers that sell bad debts to VAMC and have effective
plans for production, business, or project of investments shall be granted
credit by credit institutions or branches of foreign banks under agreement and
within the law.
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Article 10. Issuer, purposes and
principles of special bond issuance
1. Special bond issuer is VAMC. VAMC shall authorize
transaction offices of the State bank to organize the issuance of special bonds
in accordance with this Circular.
2. VAMC shall issue special bonds to buy bad debts of credit
institutions.
3. Bonds shall be issued separately based on the actual demand
and the plan for issuing special bonds approved by the State bank.
4. A special bond issued corresponds to a bad debt sold. If
the bad debt sold is a syndicated loan, VAMC shall issue special bonds to every
credit institution that provides the syndicated loan.
Article 11. Terms and conditions of
special bonds
1. Face value of special bonds
a) The face value of special bonds equals the purchase price
of the bad debt according to Clause 1 Article 14 of the Decree No.
53/2013/ND-CP and Clause 4 Article 10 of this Circular.
b) If the bad debt sold is a syndicated loan , the face value
of special bonds issued to each credit institution that provides the syndicated
loan shall correspond to the book value of outstanding principal of the bad
debt after deducting the unused reserve for such bad debt, which is monitored by
the credit institutions provide the syndicated loan.
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3. Forms of special bonds
a) Special bonds shall be issued in the form of book entries
or identified electronic data;
b) Special bonds shall be issued in the form of certificates
of registration.
4. VAMC shall decide the forms of special bonds.
5. Special bonds must be deposited at the State bank according
to regulations of the State bank on depositing valuable papers, and used for
refinancing
6. The credit institutions holding special bonds shall be
exempt from depository fees when depositing special bonds at the State bank.
Article 12. Special bond issuance plan
1. The Special bond issuance plan is a compilation of
analyses, assessments, and suggestions pertaining to the issuance of special
bonds of VAMC.
2. The Special bond issuance plan shall specify:
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b) Estimated demand and roadmap for issuing special bonds;
c) Suggested structuring of special bond period;
d) Assessment of VAMC’s capacity for buying, managing and
settling bad debts;
dd) Other information requested by the State bank.
Article 13. Procedure for requesting
approval for the Special bond issuance plan
1. VAMC shall make an application for the approval for the
Special bond issuance plan and send it to the State bank (Bank Supervision and
Inspection Agency) directly or by post. The application consists of:
a) A written request for the approval for the Special bond
issuance plan signed by the legal representative of VAMC;
b) The resolution of the Member assembly of VAMC on passing
the Special bond issuance plan enclosed with the Special bond issuance plan
specified in Article 12 of this Circular.
2. Before December 15, VAMC shall make the application
specified in Clause 1 of this Article to request the State bank to approve the
Special bond issuance plan of the next year, except for the case in Clause 3 of
this Article.
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4. Within 15 working days from the day on which the valid
application for approval of Special bond
issuance plan according to Clause 1 of this Article, the State bank shall send
VAMC a written response as to approving or not approving the Special bond
issuance plan. If the plan is not approved, explanation must be provided in the
written response sent to VAMC.
5. Based on the Special bond issuance plan approved by the
State bank, the capacity of VAMC, and the demand for settling bad debts of
credit institutions, VAMC shall decide the issuance of special bonds to buy bad
debts of credit institutions.
6. Based on the monetary policy targets, the requirements for
restructuring credit institutions, and the target of settling bad debts in each
period, the State bank shall consider amending, superseding, or annulling the
approved Special bond issuance plan where necessary.
Article 14. Elements of a special bond
1. A special bond shall contain at least:
a) The name, address, number of the Decision on establishment,
and business registration number of VAMC;
b) The face value;
c) Term;
d) Issuance date;
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e) Information about the credit institution that holds special
bonds: Name of the credit institution, number of the license for establishment
or Certificate of Business registration, address.
g) If the special bonds are issued in the form of
certificates, they must bear the symbol, serial numbers, signature of the legal
representative of VAMC, other signatures required by VAMC, and the seal of
VAMC.
2. Apart from the information in Clause 1 of this Article,
VAMC may add more information on the special bond as long as it is not against
the law.
Article 15. Responsibilities for the
management and use of special bonds
1. VAMC shall:
a) Establish a system to manage and monitor the special bonds
issued;
b) Exercise the rights and perform the duties pertaining to
special bonds;
c) Receive and redeem special bonds as prescribed by law;
d) Report the issuance and redemption of special bonds to the
State bank.
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a) Exercise the rights and perform the duties pertaining to
special bonds;
b) Submit and redeem special bonds at VAMC as prescribed by
law;
c) Apply the 20% risk factor of special bonds when calculating
capital adequacy ratio of the credit institution;
d) Only use special bonds to take refinancing loans at the
State bank or buy the bad debts sold to VAMC as prescribed in this Circular.
SECTION 3. VAMC BUYING BAD DEBTS WITH
SPECIAL BONDS
Article 16. Conditions for bad debts to
be bought by VAMC with special bonds
1. Bad debts shall be bought by VAMC when the conditions below
are satisfied:
a) Bad debts being bought:
(i) The bad debts owed during credit extension, including bad
debts from loans, discounts, finance lease, factoring, and other bad debts
defined by the State bank;
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(iii) The entrusted purchase of unlisted corporate bonds,
entrusted credit extension underwritten by the debt-selling credit institution,
part or the whole principle and interest of which is overdue for 90 days or
more, or the repayment is not overdue or has been overdue for fewer than 90 days
but the entrusted party or the beneficiary owes bad debts to such credit
institutions.
b) The bad debts are secured;
c) The bad debts and their collateral are legitimate and have
valid documents, in particular:
(i) The credit contract, entrustment contract, corporate bond
purchase contract, guarantee contract must specify the creditor’s rights of the
credit institution, the liability to repay debts of the borrower, the
guarantor, and the debt payer;
(ii) The bad debts are not used for underwriting liabilities of
the credit institution; the collateral for the bad debts is not in dispute when
they are sold.
d) The borrower still exists;
dd) The book value of outstanding principal of the bad debts
of a borrower or a group of borrowers stipulated in Clause 4 Article 8 of this
Circular when the debt is sold is not below 3 billion VND (if the debt is owed
by a group of borrower or a organization), or not below 1 billion VND (if the
debt is owned by a natural person) or another limit decided by the Governor of
the State bank.
2. Based on the conditions in Clause 1 of this Article, the
Special bond issuance plan approved by the State bank, the capacity of VAMC,
and the market developments, VAMC shall decide the bad debts to be bought in
each period.
3. The State bank shall consider and request the Prime
Minister to allow VAMC to buy bad debts of the credit institutions that fail to
satisfy all conditions in Clause 1 of this Article at the request of VAMC in
order to ensure the safe operation of credit institutions and quickly settle
bad debts.
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1. The credit institution shall review the bad debts that meet
the conditions in Clause 1 Article 16 of this Circular, then make and send an
application for debt purchase to VAMC. The application consists of:
a) The written request for debt purchase using the form
provided by VAMC;
b) The list of bad debts and information about bad debts
requested by VAMC; assessment of each borrower and bad debt the credit institution
wishes to sell to VAMC (overdue period, financial condition and operations of
borrowers, guarantors, collateral, recovery probability); suggested term of the
special bonds corresponding to each bad debts;
c) A written guarantee that the bad debts are not used to
secure liabilities of the debt-selling credit institutions, and the collateral
for bad debs are not in dispute when they are sold;
d) Copies of credit contracts, entrustment contract, corporate
bond purchase contracts, collateral contracts certified by the legal
representative of the debt-selling credit institution;
dd) Copies of the papers related to the bad debts, collateral,
borrowers, guarantors, and debt payers certified by the legal representative of
the debt-selling credit institution at the request of VAMC.
2. The papers stipulated in Point a, Point b, and Point c
Clause 1 of this Article must be signed by the legal representative of the
debt-selling credit institution. The papers stipulated in Point d and Point dd
Clause 1 of this Article must be concluded by legal representatives the
parties, notarized, authenticated, and registered as prescribed by law (if
any).
3. If VAMC does not authorizes the debt-selling credit
institution to perform undertake some operations as prescribed in Clause 2
Article 12 of the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP, the debt-selling credit institution
shall submit the original documents stipulated in Point d and pt dd Clause 1 of
this Article to VAMC.
4. The debt-selling credit institution is responsible for the
adequacy, accuracy and truthfulness of the documents and papers related to
collateral, borrowers, guarantors, debt payers, and the bad debts sold to VAMC.
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1. Within 05 working days from the day on which the
application made by the credit institution is received, VAMC shall examine it
and request the debt-selling credit institution to supplement the application
where necessary.
2. Within 10 working days from the day on which the sufficient
and valid application is received according to Article 17 of this Circular,
VAMC shall examine the sufficiency and validity of the application, and send a
written response the credit institution. If the debts are not debt, the
response must provide explanation.
3. Within 05 working days from the day on which the written
agreement to buy bad debts of VAMC, the credit institution and VAMC shall
conclude the debt purchase contract.
4. Within 10 working days from the day on which the debt
purchase contract is signed, the debt-selling credit institution shall notify
its borrowers, debt payers, and guarantors of the contract so they could
fulfill their liabilities to VAMC.
5. After the debt purchase contract is concluded, VAMC shall
keep checking, collecting information, assessing borrowers, bad debts, the
accuracy and truthfulness of the documents and papers related to the bad debts
and collateral.
Article 19. The right to unilaterally
terminate the debt purchase contract of VAMC
1. VAMC is entitled to unilaterally terminate the debt
purchase contract in the cases below:
a) There is evidence that the bad debts being bought do not
meet the business in Clause 1 Article 16 of this Circular, except for the cases
in Clause 3 Article 16 of this Circular;
b) The debt-selling credit institution violates Clause 2
Article 21, Point a, Point b Clause 3 and Clause 4 Article 31 of the Decree No.
53/2013/ND-CP.
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a) VAMC shall send a written notification to the debt-selling
credit institution, specifying the reasons for unilateral termination;
b) Within 05 working days from the day on which the written
notification is received, the debt-selling credit institution shall repay the
refinancing loan to the State bank and have special bonds unblocked by the
State bank (transaction offices) as prescribed. The debt-selling credit
institution shall return the special bonds to VAMC and take back the bad debts.
c) After taking back the bad debts from VAMC, the debt-selling
credit institution shall classify them into the group of debts to which the
level of risk is not lower than that to the debts classified by the
debt-selling credit institution when bad debts are sold to VAMC.
3. The repayments collected during the period from the day
VAMC buys bad debts to the day VAMC returns the bad debts to the debt-selling
credit institution shall be settled in accordance with Clause 2 Article 43 of
this Circular.
Article 20. Contract to buy bad debts
with special bonds
1. The debt purchase contract shall be made in writhing and
signed by VAMC, the credit institution and relevant parties (if any). The debt
purchase contract specify at least:
a) Names and addresses of the debt buyer and debt seller;
b) Names and addresses of borrowers, guarantors, and other
parties (if any) related to the bad debts being sold;
c) The book value of outstanding principal of the bad debt
being bought;
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dd) The measures for ensuring the latest value of collateral
for bad debts valuated by the credit institution or an independent valuating
organization before the debt purchase is requested;
e) Effect of the debt purchase contract;
g) Redemption of special bonds, settlement of repayments, and
repurchase of bad debts sold to VAMC;
h) VAMC shall use the repayments of the bad debts bought with
special bonds, to which the credit institution is entitled, to repay the
refinancing loans based on the special bonds as prescribed in Point b Clause 1
Article 43 and Clause 3 and 44 of this Circular, and regulations on the State
bank on refinancing loans based on special bonds.
i) The rights and obligations
of the parties, including the right of VAMC to restructure bad debts and
unilaterally terminate the debt purchase contract, the obligation
of the debt-selling credit institutions to allow VAMC to restructure the bad
debts and repurchase the bad debts when special bonds are redeemed as
prescribed in this Circular, the obligation of
the debt-selling credit institution to pay the amounts mentioned in Point a
Clause 2 Article 23 of this Circular and other amounts prescribed by law to
VAMC.
k) The method and time for completing the procedure for
transferring debts, collateral, documents and papers related to the bad debts,
collateral, borrowers, guarantors, and debt payers.
2. If the bad debt being bought is a syndicated loan VAMC
shall work with the lead credit institution; the debt purchase contract must be
signed by VAMC and all credit institutions that provide the syndicated loan or
the lead credit institution authorized by the other credit institutions to sign
the debt purchase contract with VAMC.
Article 21. Selling bad debts at the
request of the State bank
1. The credit institutions, the proportion of bad debts to
total outstanding debts is 3% or over, shall sell debts to VAMC. If the credit
institution does not sell debts to VAMC, the State bank shall consider tanking
the measures in Clause 5 Article 14 of the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP.
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2. Within 05 working days from the day on which the credit
institution is requested in writing by the Governor of the State bank to sell
its debts to VAMC, the credit institution shall send an application for debt
purchase to VAMC as prescribed in Article 17 of this Circular.
3. VAMC and the debt-selling credit institution shall follow
the procedure for selling and buying debts specified in Article 18 of this
Circular.
Article 22. Cooperation in exchanging
information about bad debts bought with special bonds
1. VAMC shall take charge and cooperate with debt-selling
credit institutions and authorized credit institutions to develop the database
and IT system to serve the management, settlement of bad debts, redemption of
special bonds, and repurchase of bad debts.
2. Authorized credit institutions shall process the
information below and send written reports to VAMC:
a) The measures for collecting bad debts;
b) The cases in which the borrowers request that debts be
changed into capital contribution, share capital, investment, financial
support, or change of debt repayment conditions; restructuring of bad debts and
VAMC to provide guarantee;
c) Other information requested by VAMC.
SECTION 4. BAD DEBTS BOUGHT BY VAMC AT
MARKET VALUES
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1. The bad debts shall be bought by VAMC at market values when
the conditions below are satisfied:
a) The bad debts meet the conditions in Clause 1 Article 16 of
this Circular;
b) VAMC considers the investment in buying bad debts as
completely recoverable;
b) The collateral for bad debts is liquid;
d) The borrowers are likely to repay debts or have feasible
repayment plans.
2. Then buying bad debts at market values, VAMC shall valuate
the bad debts or hire an independent valuating organization to do it.
Article 24. Plan for buying debts at
market values
1. The plan for buying bad debts at market value is a
compilation of analyses, assessments, and recommendations pertaining to the
sale and settlement of bad debts according to market principles.
2. The plan for buying debts at market values shall specify at
least:
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b) Estimated of total amount of bad debts being bought,
sources of capital and financial condition of VAMC;
c) Analyses and assessment of effectiveness, risks, and
probability of recovering the investment in buying debts at market values;
d) Measures for selling, settling debts and collateral.
Article 25. Procedure for approving the
plan for buying debts at market values
1. VAMC shall make 01 application
for approval of the plan for buying bad debts at market value and send
it to the State bank (Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency) directly or by
post). The application consists of:
a) A written request for the approval for the plan for buying
bad debts at market value signed by the legal representative of VAMC;
b) A resolution of the Member assembly of VAMC on passing the
plan for buying bad debts at market value enclosed with the plan for buying bad
debts at market value specified in Article 24 of this Circular.
2. Before December 15, VAMC shall make an application as
prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article to request the State bank to approve the
plan for buying bad debts at market value of the next year.
3. Within 15 working days from the day on which the sufficient
and valid application is received, the State bank send VAMC a written response
as to approving or not approving the plan for buying bad debts at market values
made by VAMC. If the plan is not approved, explanation must be provided in the
written response.
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Article 26. Buying bad debts at market
values
1. Based on the plan for buying bad debts at market value
approved by the State bank, financial capacity, economic effectiveness, and
market developments, VAMC shall decide and take responsibility for the purchase
of bad debts at market values after the takes below are fulfilled:
a) Determining whether the bad debts meet the conditions in
Clause 1 Article 23 of this Circular;
b) Determining the market price of bad debts, including
collateral for such bad debts;
c) Analyses and assessment of effectiveness, risks, and
probability of capital recovery;
d) Analyzing and assessing the status and potential of bad
debts, borrowers, guarantors, debt payers, and conditions for buying debts
agreed with the debt-selling credit institution;
dd) Feasible plans for settling debts and their collateral.
2. The purchase and sale of bad debts between VAMC and the
debt-selling credit institutions regulations of the State bank of selling bad
debts applicable to credit institutions.
Chapter 3.
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SECTION 1. RESTRUCTURING DEBTS AND
SUPPORTING BORROWERS
Article 27. Rules for restructuring the
bad debts bought
1. VAMC shall consider restructuring the bad debts bought at
the request of borrowers when the conditions in this Circular are met.
2. VAMC shall discuss with the debt-selling credit institution
before deciding to restructure bad debts in the cases mentioned in Clause 4
Article 28, Clause 2 Article 29, and Clause 2 Article 30 of this Circular.
3. The restructuring of bad debts must conform to the Decree
No. 53/2013/ND-CP and this Circular, the conditions for debts, borrowers, VAMC,
debt-selling credit institutions, developments of the monetary market, the requirements
for settling bad debts in each period, agreements in the credit contract,
entrustment contract, corporate bond purchase contract, and debt purchase
contract.
Article 28. Adjustment of interest rates
of the bad debts bought by VAMC
1. VAMC shall consider adjusting the rates of interest on the
bad debts to a reasonable level that suits the solvency of borrowers and market
interest rates in each period, agreements in credit extension contracts,
promissory note, entrustment contract, corporate bond purchase contract, debt
purchase contract.
2. VAMC shall announce the reasonable interest rates mentioned
in Clause 1 of this Article every quarter.
3. VAMC shall consider adjusting the interest rates as
prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article when the bad debts and the borrower meet
the conditions below:
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b) The borrower has a feasible plan for paying debts,
financial or operational restructuring;
c) The borrower is suffering from temporary financial
difficulties, and the reduction in interest rate of the bad debt help the
borrower alleviate them and restore the production or business;
d) The bad debts do not violate Article 126 of the Law on
credit institutions when the credit contract is signed.
4. VAMC shall discuss with the debt-selling credit institution
before adjusting the rates of interest on the bad debts bought with special
bonds mentioned in Clause 1 of this Article. Within 05 working days from the
day on which VAMC issues a written suggestion on interest rate adjustment, the
debt-selling credit institution shall reply VAMC in writing.
5. Within 05 working days from the day on which the adjustment
of interest rate is made, VAMC shall notify it to the borrowers and the debt-selling
credit institution (if bad debts are bought with special bonds).
Article 29. Exemption, reduction of
fines, fee, and overdue interest
1. When buying bad debts, VAMC shall consider reducing or
exempting the fine, fee and overdue interest that is not paid by the borrower
as long as the borrower meets the conditions below:
a) The borrower meets the conditions in Clause 3 Article 28 of
this Circular;
b) The borrower immediately repays or promises to repay within
60 days at least 5% of the outstanding principal when the exemption, reduction
of fines, fee, and overdue interest is being considered.
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3. Within 05 working days from the day on which the exemption,
reduction of fines, fee, and overdue interest is granted, VAMC shall notify it
to the borrowers and the debt-selling credit institution (if bad debts are
bought with special bonds).
Article 30. Measures for restructuring
repayment deadline
1. VAMC shall consider restructuring the repayment deadline in
the form of adjusting the repayment term or debt rescheduling when the borrower
meets the business below:
a) The borrower has a feasible repayment plan;
b) When adjusting the repayment term of principle and/or
interest, the borrower is incapable of duly repaying the principal and/or
interest by the repayment deadline stated in the credit contract, entrustment
contract, corporate bond purchase contract, and is considered capable of paying
debts in the next period after the repayment term is restructured;
b) When rescheduling debts, the
borrower is incapable of duly repaying the principal and/or interest within the
repayment period stated in the credit contract, entrustment contract, corporate
bond purchase contract, and is considered capable of paying debts within a
certain period of time after the agreed repayment deadline;
d) The rescheduling of bad debts bought with special bonds
shall not exceed the remaining period of the corresponding special bonds.
2. VAMC shall discuss with the debt-selling credit institution
before restructuring the deadline for repaying bad debts bought with special
bonds. The debt-selling credit institution shall provide its opinions about the
issues raised by VACM within 05 working days from the day on which VAMC makes a
written request for opinions.
3. Within 05 working days from the day on which the repayment
deadline is restructured, VAMC shall notify the borrowers and the debt-selling
credit institution (if bad debts are bought with special bonds).
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1. VAMC shall consider taking one or some of the following
measures for financially supporting borrowers:
a) Provide guarantee for borrowers of the credit institution;
b) Making investment, providing financial support by giving
loans or buying corporate bonds;
c) Other forms of investment and financial support approved by
the Governor of the State bank.
VAMC shall use assets (not including the bad debts bought with
special bonds) and legitimate capital sources to take provide financial support
as prescribed in Point b and Point c Clause 1 of this Article.
2. VAMC shall consider making investment and provide financial
support when the borrower meets the conditions below:
a) The borrower is likely to recover or have an effective
business plan;
b) Measures are taken to ensure the recovery of investments
and financial support;
c) The plan for investment and financial support is safe and
feasible, which analyzes, assess the risks, economic effectiveness of
investments, financial support, guarantee, capital sources, probability of
capital recovery, measures for capital recovery, measures for ensuring capital
adequacy and solutions for new risks;
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3. The borrower shall be provided with loan guarantee when the
conditions below are met:
a) The borrower is likely to recover or have a new effective
business plan or investment project;
b) The borrower has legitimate assets as security for loan
guarantee;
c) The plan for investment and financial support is safe and
feasible, which analyzes, assess the risks, economic effectiveness of
investments, financial support, guarantee, capital sources, probability of
capital recovery, measures for capital recovery, measures for ensuring capital
adequacy and solutions for new risks;
d) Other conditions imposed by VAMC.
4. Based on the conditions in Clause 2 and Clause 3 of this
Article, capital sources and financial capacity of VAMC, VAMC shall request the
Governor of the State bank to consider giving an approval before making
investment, provide financial support and guarantee to the borrower.
Article 32. Application for approval of the Plan for financial support for borrowers
1. VAMC shall make 01 application for
approval of the plan for investment, financial support, the plan for
providing guarantee for borrowers of the credit institution (hereinafter
referred to as plan for financial support for borrowers) and send it to the
State bank of Vietnam (Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency) directly or by
post. The application consists of:
a) A written request for the approval for the plan for
financial support for borrowers, capital contribution, and purchase of shares
of borrowers, which is signed by the legal representative of VAMC;
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2. Within 15 working days from the day on which the
application for approval of the plan for
financial support for borrowers is received, the State bank shall send VAMC a
written response as to approving or not approving the plan. If the plan is not
approved, explanation must be provided in the written response.
Article 33. Some safety limits and risk
control in the operation of VAMC
1. The total investment, financial support and guarantee
provided by VAMC for a borrower shall not exceed 50% of the charter capital of
VAMC.
2. The total contribution to charter capital and share capital
mentioned in Point b Clause 1 of this Circular shall not exceed 50% of the
charter capital of VAMC.
3. The borrower that is undergoing the process of dissolution,
bankruptcy, or has it license confiscated is not eligible for adjustment of
loan interest rates, reduction or exemption of fines, fees, and overdue
interests, restructuring of repayment period, and financial support.
SECTION 2. SETTLING BAD DEBTS AND
COLLATERAL
Article 34.
VAMC selling the bad debts bought
1. VAMC shall sell the bad debts that are bought from credit
institutions to other organizations and individuals at market values to recoup
capital.
2. VAMC shall sell bad debts on the following principles
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b) Ensure consensus and voluntarism;
c) Bad debts are put up for auction or sold at competitive
prices offers with at least 03 participants that are not related buyers. If the
bad debts cannot be sold in the form of auction or competitive price offers,
VAMC shall sell the bad debts under direct agreement with the debt buyer;
d) The final price for the debt is the most reasonable price
in comparison to other offers or the price of an equivalent debt, or the value of
the ad debt determined by VAMC or an independent valuating organization in
order to reduce loss during the settlement of bad debts.
3. The sale of debts shall be made into a contract.
4. VAMC may authorize a credit institution to sell bad debts
under the requirements and conditions imposed by VAMC.
Article 35. Selling the bad debts bought
with special bonds
1. VAMC and the debt-selling credit institution shall reach an
agreement on the conditions for selling bad debts, including the starting price
(if bad debts are sold at auctions) and selling
price (if bad debts are sold under direct agreements with the debt buyer).
2. Within 05 working days from the day on which the debt sale
contract is signed, VAMC shall send 01 contract to the debt-selling credit institution
and notify the debt-selling credit institution of the amount of money to which
it is entitled.
3. If the special bonds are not mature, VAMC may sell the bad
debts bought with special bonds to the credit institution that sold such bad
debts to VAMC under the agreements on conditions and selling prices.
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1. VAMC may use the bad debts bought, its assets and
legitimate capital sources to:
a) Convert the bad debts bought with special bonds into
charter capital or share capital of borrowers being companies as prescribed by
law;
b) Using assets (apart from the bad debts bought with special
bonds) and legitimate capital sources to make contributions to charter capital,
share capital of borrowers being companies after the State bank approves.
2. VAMC shall make contributions to charter capital, share
capital to participate in the restructuring of borrowers.
3. VAMC shall formulate a plan for making contributions to
charter capital, share capital of borrowers, including analysis and assessment
of effective ness of the contributions, financial condition and operation of
borrowers, capital sources, probability of capital recovery, and suggestions of
measures for recovering capital and restructuring borrowers.
4. VAMC shall make contributions to charter capital, share
capital when the conditions below are met:
a) The plan for making contributions to charter capital, share
capital of borrowers is feasible. The plan must be approved by the State bank
in the case mentioned in Point b Clause 1 of this Article.
b) VAMC is entitled to participate in the restructuring of
borrowers;
c) The contributions to charter capital, share capital do not
breach the limits on contributions to charter capital, share capital of VAMC
according to Clause 2 Article 33 of this Circular;
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dd) The borrowers do not undergo the process of dissolution,
bankruptcy, or have their operation licenses confiscated.
5. Before converting the bad debts
bought with special bonds into charter capital, share capital of borrowers,
VAMC and the debt-selling credit institution shall:
a) Reach an agreement on the conversion of bad debts bought
with special bonds into charter capital, share capital of borrowers;
b) Within 05 working days from the day on which all bad debts
are converted into charter capital, share capital, VAMC shall sell the charter
capital, share capital contributions to the debt-selling credit institution
according to their values, and redeem the special bonds;
6. The repayments collected during the period from VAMC buys
the bad debts until they are converted into charter capital, share capital
shall be settled in accordance with Clause 2 Article 33 of this Circular.
Article 37. Procedure for applying for approval of the plan for charter capital, share
capital contributions to borrowers being companies
1. VAMC shall make 01 application for
approval of the plan for charter capital, share capital contributions to
borrowers prescribed in Point a Clause 4 Article 36, and send it to the State
bank (Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency) directly or by post. The application
consists of:
a) A written request for approval of
the plan for charter capital, share capital contributions to borrowers, which
is signed by the legal representative of VAMC;
b) The resolution of the Member assembly of VAMC on passing
the plan for charter capital, share capital contributions to borrowers enclosed
with the plan for charter capital, share capital contributions to borrowers
according to Clause 3 Article 36 of this Circular.
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Article 38. Handling and selling
collateral for the bad debts that are bought
1. VAMC shall cooperate with relevant organizations to
complete the procedure and legal documents of the collateral for the bad debts
that are bought.
2. VAMC shall settle collateral for the bad debts that are
bought in accordance with Article 18 of the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP and
relevant laws.
3. For the collateral for the bad debts bought with special
bonds, VAMC and the debt-selling credit institution shall reach an agreement
on:
a) The sale prices for collateral when it is sold under an
agreement with the buyer, or the starting price if the collateral is sold at an
auction;
b) The value of collateral when VAMC receives collateral as
substitute for the fulfillment of the guarantor’s liabilities.
4. Where VACM receives collateral as substitute for the
fulfillment the guarantor’s liabilities, VAMC shall set the prices or an
independent valuating organization to determine the market price of the
collateral to as the basis for offsetting the liabilities of the borrowers and
the debt payers.
SECTION 3. AUTHORIZING, INSPECTING, AND
SUPERVISING THE PERFORMANCE OF AUTHORIZED OPERATIONS
Article 39. Contents and methods of
authorizing
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2. The authorization mentioned in Clause 1 of this Article
shall be made into an authorization contract. The authorization contract shall
specify at least:
a) Names and address of the authorizer and authorized party;
b) Contents and scope of authorization;
c) Authorization period;
d) Rights and obligations of
both parties.
3. VAMC shall select authorize part or the whole operation in
Clause 1 of this Article to the debt-selling credit institution in accordance
with this Circular and relevant laws.
4. Within 10 working days from the day on which the
authorization contract is signed, the authorized credit institutions shall
notify its borrowers, debt payers, guarantors, and relevant parties of the
contents and operations delegated to the debt-selling credit institution.
Article 40. Inspecting and supervising
delegated operations
1. VANC shall develop a database and IT system to exchange
information with authorized credit institutions in order to supervise them
performing the delegated operations as prescribed in Clause 1 Article 39 of
this Circular.
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Article 41. Rights and obligations of VAMC and authorized credit
institutions
1. Rights and obligations of
VAMC:
a) Request the authorized credit institutions to submit
reports, provide information and documents on the delegated operations;
b) Request the authorized credit institutions to perform. In
accordance with the authorization contract and law;
c) Request the authorized credit institutions to compensate
for the damage due to breaches of the authorization contract or law during the
performance of delegated operations; terminate the authorization contract, or
file a law suit against the authorized credit institution that violates the
authorization contract as prescribed by law;
d) Report the violations committed by the authorized credit
institutions to the State bank (Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency) upon
discovery;
dd) For the bad debts bought at market values, VAMC and the
authorized credit institution shall reach an agreement on the expenditure on
the delegated operations and relevant contents in the authorization contract;
e) Other rights and obligations
according to the authorization contract and law.
2. Rights and obligations of
the authorized credit institution:
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b) Cooperate with VAMC and facilitate the inspection and
supervision carried out by VAMC during the performance of delegated operations;
c) Comply with the requests made by VAMC to ensure the safety
of assets, remedy the misdemeanors, and compensate for the damage suffered by
VAMC due to the breaches of the authorization contract or law during the
performance of delegated operations;
d) Immediately report the collected repayments to VAMC;
dd) For the bad debts bought at market values, the authorized
credit institutions shall have the expenditures on the delegated operations
covered by VAMC.
e) The rights and obligations
specified in the authorization contract, Clause 4 Article 13 of the Decree No.
53/2013/ND-CP and relevant laws.
Chapter 4.
SETTLEMENT OF COLLECTED DEBTS, REDEMPTION OF SPECIAL
BONDS, AND REPURCHASE OF BAD DEBTS
Article 42. Order of priority for
settling the bad debts bought with special bonds
All receipts in the form of cash or assets from the
collecting, settling, selling debts, collateral after deducting the expenses
related to the sale of debts, collateral; preservation, repair, upgrade of
collateral shall be paid by VAMC in the following order:
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2. Undue interest;
3. Overdue interest;
4. Fines (if any);
5. Excess amounts (if any) returned to borrowers, guarantors,
and debt payers.
Article 43. Selling repayments of bad
debts bought with special bonds
1. The repayments of the bad debts bought with special bonds
to which the credit institution is entitled according to Point b Clause 2 this
Article shall be settled as follows:
a) if the debt-selling credit institution does not take a
refinancing loan based on special bonds, VAMC shall leave it at the
debt-selling credit institution in the form of deposit, and shall not withdraw
before the redemption of special bonds, except for the case in Article 19 of
this Circular;
b) If the debt-selling credit institution takes a refinancing
loan based on special bonds, within the first 05 working days of the next
quarter, VAMC shall use the collected repayments in cash, to which the credit
institution is entitled, to repay the refinancing loan based on special bonds,
and deduct this amount against the total amount of receipts from collected debt
the credit institution receives when redeeming such special bonds.
2. The repayments of the bad debts bought with special bonds
shall be settled as follows:
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b) The debt-selling credit institution is entitled to the
residual repayments after deducting the amount received by VAMC specified in
Point a Clause 2 of this Article.
Article 44. Redemption of special bonds
1. The special bonds are mature in the cases below:
a) The loan loss provision for special bonds is not lower than
the book value of outstanding principal of the bad debts being monitored by
VAMC, including the cases below:
(i) VAMC sells bad debts to other organizations and
individuals, including the bad debts bought with special bonds to debt-selling
credit institutions at market values or agreed prices;
(ii) VAMC converts all bad debts bought into charter capital,
share capital of borrowers being companies
b) The special bonds are mature.
2. within 05 working days from the day on which special bonds
mature as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, the debt-selling credit institution
shall return all the refinancing loan based on corresponding special bonds (if
any), have the special bonds unblocked by the State bank (transaction offices),
and cooperate with VAMC to redeem the special bonds as follows:
a) If the book value of outstanding principal of the bad debt
are not fully recovered, the debt-selling credit institution shall repurchase
the bad debt from VAMC according to the book value of outstanding principal of
VAMC, capital contributions and share capital of borrowers (when converting
part of the bad debts into charter capital, share capital of borrowers - if
any); return the special bonds related to such bad debts to VAMC, and receive a
portion of repayments to which it is entitled from VAMC according to Point b
Clause 2 Article 43 of this Circular (if any);
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c) If the whole bad debt is converted into charter capital,
share capital of borrowers being companies, the debt-selling credit institution
shall return the special bonds of VAMC and repurchase the capital, shares
contributed to borrowers, and pay the repayments to VAMC according to Point a
Clause 2 Article 43 of this Circular.
3. If the debt-selling credit institution fails to repay the
refinancing loan to the State bank within 05 working days from the maturity
date of special bonds according to Clause 1 of this Article, VAMC shall not
provide the repayments (if any), bad debts (if any) to the debt-selling credit
institution. VAMC shall use the repayments of bad debts bought with special
bonds to which the debt-selling credit institution is entitled, according to
Point b Clause 2 Article 43 of this Circular, to repay the refinancing loan
taken by the debt-selling credit institution from the State bank, and take back
special bonds when the whole refinancing loan has been repaid to the State
bank.
Article 45. Repurchasing bad debts when
redeeming special bonds
1. When repurchasing bad debts as prescribed in Point a Clause
2 Article 44 of this Circular, the debt-selling credit institution shall repay
VAMC the amounts to which it is entitled according to Point a Clause 2 Article
43 of this Circular. VAMC shall provide the debt-selling credit institution
within information, documents about the outstanding debt, interest, fines, and
fees that are not paid by borrowers, other information and documents related to
the debts, borrowers, guarantors, and debt payers.
2. The debt-selling credit institution shall repurchase the
bad debts from VAMC without the consent of borrowers, debt payers, and
guarantors.
3. Within 10 working days from the day on which the debt
purchase contract is signed, the debt-selling credit institution shall notify
its borrowers, debt payers, and guarantors of the repurchase of debts from VAMC
for them to fulfill their liabilities to the credit institution.
Chapter 5.
BUILDING AND USING RESERVE
Article 46. Making loan loss provision
for special bonds and using loan loss provision to eliminate the risk related
to bad debts
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2. Every year, within 05 working days before the maturity date
of special bonds, the debt-selling credit institution shall make a specific
loan loss provision for each special bond using the formula below:
Annual
loan loss provision =
Face
value of the special bond
Term
of the special bond
The term of special bonds is expressed as years.
3. The debt-selling credit institution shall not make general
provision for special bonds.
4. The loan loss provision for special bonds made by the
debt-selling credit institution shall be used to:
a) Make up for the deficit of repayments in comparison to the
face value of special bonds if all bad debts are sold to other organizations
and individuals (except for the case mentioned in Point a Clause 2 Article 44
of this Circular), or all bad debts are used for making contributions to
charter capital, share capital of borrowers;
b) Eliminate risk to the repurchased bad debts according to
Point a Clause 2 Article 44 of this Circular if the book value of outstanding
principal of such bad debts are not fully repaid.
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6. After the loan loss provision is made, the debt-selling
credit institution shall remove the bad debts from the balance sheet, monitor
the bad debts, and take measures to collect debts in accordance with law and
agreements with borrowers.
7. The bad debts shall be removed from the balance sheet in
accordance with regulations of the State bank on classification of assets,
level and method of making loan loss provision, and using provision to
eliminate risks to the operations of branches of foreign banks and credit
institution.
Article 47. Classifying, making, and
using provisions to eliminate risks to the bad debts bought at market values
1. VAMC shall classify, make and use loan loss provision to
handle the payments for the purchase of bad debts according to regulations of
the State bank on classification of assets, level and method of making loan
loss provision, and using provision to eliminate risks to the operations of
branches of foreign banks and credit institution.
2. VAMC shall classify the payments for the purchase of bad
debts into the group to which the level of risk is not lower than that to the
group of bad debts classified by the debt-selling credit institutions when the
bad debts are bought.
Chapter 6.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF RELEVANT ORGANIZATIONS AND
INDIVIDUALS
Article 48. Responsibilities of the units
affiliated to the State bank
1. Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency shall:
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b) Take charge and cooperate with relevant units in appraising
the Special bond issuance plan, the plan for buying bad debts at market values,
the plan for financial support for borrowers, and the plan for making contributions
to charter capital, share capital of borrowers, and submit them to the Governor
of the State bank in the following order:
(i) Within 02 working days from the receipt of the sufficient
and valid application for approval of the
Special bond issuance plan, the plan for buying bad debts at market values, the
plan for financial support for borrowers, and the plan for making contributions
to charter capital, share capital of borrowers, Bank Supervision and Inspection
Agency shall send written requests for opinions to relevant units of the State
bank.
(ii) Within 03 working days from the receipt of the written
request made by Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency, the units shall provide
Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency with opinions in writing for submission
to the Governor of the State bank as the basis for approving or not approving
the Special bond issuance plan, the plan for buying bad debts at market values,
the plan for financial support for borrowers, and the plan for making
contributions to charter capital, share capital of borrowers.
c) Take charge and cooperate with relevant units in appraising
the contents prescribed in Clause 4 and Clause 6 Article 13, Point dd Clause 1
and Clause 3 Article 16, Clause 3 and Clause 4 Article 25, Clause 2 Article 32,
Clause 2 Article 37 of this Circular, then submit them to the Governor of the
State bank for decision;
d) Supervise, carry out inspections, and take action against
the violations of legislation on purchase, sale, and settlement of bad debts committed
by credit institutions and VAMC;
dd) Take charge and cooperate with relevant units and VAMC in
advising the Governor of the State bank on reporting the operation of VAMC;
e) Take charge and cooperate with relevant units in advising
the Governor of the State bank on providing guidance and organizing the
implementation of this Circular.
2. Transaction offices shall:
a) Provide guidance and organize the issuance of special bonds
under the authorization of VAMC in accordance with this Circular;
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c) Block the special bonds related to refinancing loans when
the credit institutions holding take refinancing loans; stop blocking special
bonds when refinancing loans are fully repaid.
3. The Finance and Accounting Authority shall take charge and
cooperate with Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency and relevant units in
formulating the regulations on bookkeeping of purchase, sale, and settlement of
bad debts, the operations related to purchase, sale, and settlement of bad
debts of VAMC and credit institutions, then submitting them to the Governor of
the State bank for promulgation.
4. The Monetary Forecast and Statistics Authority shall
cooperate with Banking Information Technology Authority and relevant units in
formulating the regulations on statistical reports, the openness and
transparency of the operation of VAMC, the collection of information about
purchase, sale, and settlement of bad debts, then submit them to the Governor
of the State bank for promulgation.
5. Banking Information Technology Authority shall support the
units affiliated to the State bank, VAMC, and credit institutions in
exchanging, providing information about purchase, sale, and settlement of bad
debts.
6. Credit Information Center shall provide information related
to bad debts and borrowers at the request of VAMC in order to settle bad debts.
7. Branches of the State bank in cities and provinces shall
carry out supervisions, inspections, and take action against the violations of
legislation on purchase, sale, and settlement of bad debts committed by local
credit institutions and other local organizations and individuals.
8. Relevant units shall:
a) Cooperate with Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency in
advising the Governor of the State bank on organizing the implementation of
this Circular;
b) Cooperate with Bank Supervision and Inspection Agency in
appraising the contents prescribed in Clause 4 and Clause 6 Article 13, Point
dd Clause 1 and Clause 3 Article 16, Clause 3 and Clause 4 Article 25, Clause 2
Article 32, Clause 2 Article 37 of this Circular, then submit them to the
Governor of the State bank for decision;
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d) Facilitate the operation of VAMC within the scope of their
competence and the instructions of the Governor of the State bank.
Article 49. Responsibilities of VAMC
1. Buy, sell, and settle bad debts responsively and legally;
guide credit institutions to make and send the list of eligible bad debts to
VAMC according to Clause 1 Article 16 of this Article.
2. Send the State bank reports on the purchase, sale,
settlement, and collection of the bad debts bought; issue, use and redeem
special bonds, and perform other tasks prescribed by the State bank.
3. Use the repayments of bad debts to which the debt-selling
credit institutions are entitled to repay refinancing loans based on special
bonds of the debt-selling credit institutions at the State bank.
4. Request the Governor of the State bank to decide the
contents in Clause 4 and Clause 6 Article 13, Point dd Clause 1 and Clause 3
Article 16, Clause 4 and Clause 4 Article 25, Clause 2 Article 22, Clause 2
Article 37 of this Circular.
5. Take charge and cooperate with credit institutions and
relevant units in taking measures for settling debts, collateral for the bad
debts bought with special bonds to repay the State bank the refinancing loans.
6. Discharge the responsibilities in this Circular and other obligations prescribed by law.
Article 50. Responsibilities of credit
institutions
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2. Report the purchase, sale, and settlement of bad debts to
the State bank.
3. The debt-selling credit institutions shall discharge the
responsibilities in Clause 3 Article 31 of the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP.
4. The credit institutions that sell debts and receive special
bonds are obliged to:
a) Discharge the responsibilities in Clause 2 Article 21 of
the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP;
b) Use the provisions for bad debts to make up for the
difference between the book value of outstanding principal and the prices for such
bad debts when they are sold to VAMC;
c) Pay VAMC the amounts mentioned in Point a Clause 2 Article
43 of this Circular and other amounts prescribed by law;
d) Discharge the responsibilities in Clause 4 Article 31 of
the Decree No. 53/2013/ND-CP.
5. Closely cooperate with VAMC in the purchase, sale, and
settlement of bad debts; responsively, sufficiently, and accurately provide
information at the request of VAMC.
6. Discharge the responsibilities in this Circular and other obligations prescribed by law.
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1. Discharge the responsibilities in Article 32 of the Decree
No. 53/2013/ND-CP.
2. Discharge the responsibilities in this Circular and other obligations prescribed by law.
Article 52. Responsibilities of
guarantors
1. Discharge the responsibilities in Article 33 of the Decree
No. 53/2013/ND-CP.
2. Discharge the responsibilities in this Circular and other obligations prescribed by law.
Chapter 7.
IMPLEMENTATION
Article 53. Effect
This Circular takes effect on September 15, 2013.
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Heads of the units affiliated to the State bank, directors of
branches of the State bank of provinces and cities, Presidents of the Boards of
Directors, the Presidents of the Member assemblies, General Directors (Directors)
or Vietnamese credit institutions; the President of the Member assembly and
General Director of VAMC, relevant organizations and individuals are
responsible for the implementation of this Circular./.
PP
THE GOVERNOR
DEPUTY GOVERNOR
Dang Thanh Binh