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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF VIETNAM
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THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom – Happiness
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No. 06/2025/TT-BNNMT
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Hanoi, June 16, 2025
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CIRCULAR
ON NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION
ON EMISSIONS OF IN-USE AUTOMOBILES
Pursuant
to the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations dated June 29, 2006;
Pursuant
to the Law on Environmental Protection dated November 17, 2020;
Pursuant
to the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety dated June 27, 2024;
Pursuant
to Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP dated August 01, 2007 of the Government detailing
the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Standards and
Technical Regulations; Decree No. 78/2018/ND-CP dated May 16, 2018 of the
Government amending a number of Articles of the Government's Decree No.
127/2007/ND-CP dated August 01, 2007 elaborating the implementation of a number
of Articles of the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations;
Pursuant
to Decree No. 35/2025/ND-CP dated February 25, 2025 of the Government on
functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of
Agriculture and Environment of Vietnam;
At the
request of the head of Vietnam Environment Agency and Director General of
Department of Science and Technology;
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Article 1. The national technical regulation
on emissions of in-use automobiles (QCVN 85:2025/BNNMT) is attached to this
Circular.
Article 2. Effect
This
Circular comes into force from December 16, 2025.
Article 3. Transitional provision
In-use
automobiles shall apply the emissions standards prescribed in Decision No.
16/2019/QD-TTg dated March 28, 2019 of the Prime Minister on the roadmap for
application of emissions standards for in-use automobiles and imported used
automobiles until the Prime Minister promulgates the new Decision replacing the
Decision No. 16/2019/QD-TTg.
Article 4. Implementation
1.
Ministers; Heads of governmental authorities; People's Committees of all
levels; relevant authorities and individuals are responsible for implementing
this Circular.
2. Should
any issue arise during the implementation of this Circular, report in writing
to the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment for consideration and
resolution./.
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PP. MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Le Cong Thanh
QCVN 85:2025/BNNMT
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON
EMISSIONS OF IN-USE AUTOMOBILES
Foreword
QCVN
85:2025/BNNMT is compiled by the Vietnam Environment Agency, approved by the
Department of Science and Technology, appraised by the Ministry of Science and
Technology, and promulgated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment
under Circular No. 06/2025/TT-BNNMT dated June 16, 2025.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON EMISSIONS OF IN-USE
AUTOMOBILES
1. GENERAL REGULATIONS
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This
Regulation specifies the limit values of emissions parameters for in-use
automobiles including Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC) in the emissions
of automobiles equipped with spark-ignition engines, and the smoke opacity of
emissions from automobiles equipped with compression-ignition engines.
1.2.
Regulated entities
1.2.1.
This Regulation applies to authorities, organizations and individuals owning
in-use automobiles; organizations and individuals engaging in inspection of
emissions of in-use automobiles; and relevant state management authorities.
1.2.2.
This Regulation does not apply to automobiles under management of the Ministry
of National Defense and Ministry of Public Security.
1.3.
Definitions
For the
purposes of this Regulation, the terms below shall be construed as follows:
1.3.1.
In-use automobiles refer to automobiles prescribed in point a, clause 1,
Article 34 of the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety, granted certificates of
vehicle registration and license plates in accordance with Vietnamese law
(hereinafter referred to as automobiles).
1.3.2.
Spark-ignition engine refers to an internal combustion engine that operates on
the principle of forced combustion using an external heat source.
1.3.3.
Compression-ignition engine refers to an internal combustion engine that
operates on the principle of fuel self-ignition under high temperature and
pressure.
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2. TECNICAL REGULATIONS
The
permissible limit values for CO, HC, and smoke opacity, N (%HSU) parameters of
emissions of automobiles are prescribed in the following table:
Table 1. PERMISSIBLE LIMIT VALUES FOR PARAMERTERS OF
EMISSIONS OF AUTOMOBILES
Parameters of emissions of automobiles
Automobiles equipped with spark-ignition engines
Automobiles equipped with compression-ignition engines
Level 1
Level 2
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Level 4
Level 5
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
CO
(% by volume)
4,5
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3,0
0,5
0,3
-
-
-
-
-
HC
(ppm by volume)
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1.200
800
600
300
150
-
-
-
-
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-
Two-stroke engines
7.800
7.800
7.800
7.800
7.800
-
-
-
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-
-
Special engines (1)
3.300
3.300
3.300
3.300
3.300
-
-
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-
-
Smoke
opacity, N (%HSU) (2)
-
-
-
-
-
72
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50
45
35
Note:
(1) Special engines refer to engines such as Wankel engines
and some other types of engines with special constructions different from the
common piston and piston ring engines.
(2)
The smoke opacity limit can also be
determined according to the values of the light absorption coefficient (m⁻¹)
equivalent to the smoke opacity values prescribed above.
“-”: No
regulation prescribes such matters.
3. METHODS FOR DETERMINATION
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For
automobiles equipped with spark-ignition engines, the concentrations of CO and
HC in the emissions are determined in accordance with TCVN 6204:2008 (ISO
3929:2003) — Road vehicle – Measurement methods for exhaust gas emissions
during inspection or maintenance.
3.2.
Methods for measurement of parameters of emissions of automobiles equipped with
compression-ignition engines
3.2.1.
Measurement methods
The
measurement of smoke opacity in emissions of automobiles equipped with
compression-ignition engines is carried out by measuring emissions samples in
accordance with free-acceleration tests for engines. The free-acceleration
tests for engines (hereinafter referred to as free-acceleration tests) are
prescribed in section 9.4.2 of TCVN 7663:2007 (ISO 11614:1999) — Reciprocating
internal combustion compression-ignition engine - Apparatus for measurement of
the opacity and for determination of the light absorption coefficient of
exhaust gas.
3.2.2.
Measurement procedures
The
procedures for measurement of emissions of automobiles equipped with
compression-ignition engines is carried out in accordance with steps 9.4.1 and
10.1.6 of TCVN 7663:2007 (ISO 11614:1999).
The
free-acceleration tests shall be carried out at least three times. The
arithmetic mean of the last three values is taken as the measurement result.
The result is considered valid if the difference between the highest and lowest
values of the last three free-acceleration tests does not exceed 10 (% HSU).
For
measurement results expressed as the light absorption coefficient (m⁻¹),
the smoke opacity, N (% HSU) may be converted using formula (1) in Section A.2
of Appendix A (Method for measuring smoke opacity of automobiles equipped with
compression-ignition engines) of TCVN 6438:2018 — Road vehicles - Maximum
permitted limits of exhaust gases.
4. MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
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4.2. The equipment for measurement of emissions of automobiles
shall satisfy the national technical regulation prescribed in QCVN
103:2024/BGTVT — National technical regulations on Technical facilities and location
of Vehicle Inspection Station, motorcycles and mopeds Emission Inspection
Stations.
5. IMPLEMENTATION
5.1.
The Ministry of Construction and Ministry of Agriculture and Environment,
within their functions and tasks, shall assign affiliated units to provide
guidelines and organize the implementation of this Regulation for inspection of
emissions of automobiles.
5.2. If the documents referenced in this Regulation are amended
or replaced, the newer documents shall prevail./.