THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF VIETNAM
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THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No. 12/2024/TT-BYT
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Hanoi, July 18, 2024
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CIRCULAR
PROMULGATING NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION QCVN
20-1:2024/BYT ON THE LIMITS OF CONTAMINANTS FOR HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS/ DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS
Pursuant to the Law on
Food Safety No. 55/2010/QH10 dated June 17, 2010;
Pursuant to the
Government’s Decree No. 15/2018/ND-CP dated February 02, 2018 on elaboration of
some Articles of the Law on Food Safety;
Pursuant to the
Government’s Decree No. 95/2022/ND-CP dated November 15, 2022 defining the
functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of
Health;
At the request of the
Director General of the Vietnam Food Administration;
The Minister of Health
hereby promulgates National Technical Regulation QCVN 20-1:2024/BYT on the
limits of contaminants for health supplements/ dietary supplements.
Article 1.
Promulgation of National Technical Regulation
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Article 2. Effect
This Circular comes into
force from August 01, 2025.
Article 3.
Transitional clause
1. For health
supplements/dietary supplements which are granted a certificate of registered
product disclosure and manufactured before the effective date of this Circular
but has yet to conform to the technical regulation promulgated together with
this Circular, organizations or individuals may continue to import, trade and
circulate such health supplements/dietary supplements until their expiry dates,
unless there if a food safety warning.
2. Any application for
registration of product disclosure submitted before the effective date of this
Circular shall continue to be processed in accordance with regulations in force
at the time of submission.
3. From the effective
date of this Circular, for health supplements/dietary supplements granted a
certificate of registered product disclosure, if the manufacturer’s standard is
yet to conform to the technical regulation promulgated with this Circular,
organizations or individuals must adjust the manufacturer’s standard to make it
conformable with the technical regulation and submit a notification as
prescribed in clause 4 Article 8 of the Government’s Decree No. 15/2018/ND-CP
dated February 02, 2018 on elaboration of some Articles of the Law on Food
Safety.
Article 4. Terms of
reference
In the cases where any of
the legislative documents referred to in this Circular is amended or replaced,
the newest one shall apply.
Article 5.
Responsibility for implementation
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Difficulties that arise
during the implementation of this Circular should be reported to the Ministry
of Health (Vietnam Food Administration) for consideration and resolution./.
PP. THE MINISTER
THE DEPUTY MINISTER
Do Xuan Thuyen
QCVN 20-1:2024/BYT
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON THE LIMITS OF CONTAMINANTS
FOR HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS/DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
(Promulgated together with the Circular No. 12/2024/TT-BYT
dated July 18, 2024 of the Ministry of Health)
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QCVN 20-1:2024/BYT is
developed by the Drafting Board for the National Technical Regulation on the
limits of contaminants for health supplements/dietary supplements, submitted by
the Vietnam Food Administration for approval, appraised by the Ministry of Science
and Technology and promulgated by the Minister of Health together with Circular
No. 12/2024/TT-BYT dated July 18, 2024.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON THE LIMITS OF CONTAMINANTS
FOR HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS/DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
I. GENERAL
1. Scope
This Technical Regulation
provides for the maximum limits of contaminants (heavy metals and
microorganisms); sampling and test methods; managerial requirements;
responsibilities of producers and traders of health supplements/dietary
supplements.
This Technical Regulation
does not apply to tonic wines declared as health supplements/dietary
supplements.
2. Regulated entities
This Technical Regulation
applies to producers and traders of health supplements/dietary supplements
within the territory of Vietnam and other relevant organizations and
individuals.
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For the purposes of this
Technical Regulation, the following terms and abbreviations shall be construed
as follows:
3.1. “health
supplement/dietary supplement” means the product defined in clause 1 Article 3
of the Government’s Decree No. 15/2018/ND-CP dated February 02, 2018 on
elaboration of some Articles of the Law on Food Safety.
3.2. “multi-ingredient
product” means a health supplement/dietary supplement containing a mixture of
two or more ingredients, consisting of:
a) Vitamins, minerals,
amino acids, fatty acids, enzymes, probiotics and other biologically active
substances;
b) Substances derived
from natural sources, including animals, minerals and plants in the form of
extracts, isolates, concentrates and metabolites;
c) Sources of the
substances mentioned in point a and point b above.
3.3. AOAC: Association of
Official Analytical Collaboration.
3.4. ML: Maximum Limit.
3.5. TAMC: total aerobic
microbial count.
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II. TECHNICAL REGULATIONS
1. Regulations on heavy metals
The maximum limits of
heavy metals for health supplements/dietary supplements are provided for in
Table 1.
Table 1. Regulations on maximum limits of heavy metals
No.
Indicator
ML
(mg/kg or mg/L)
Note
1
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5,0
Total As
1,5
Inorganic As
Monitor inorganic As
only when the total As content exceeds 1.5 mg/kg or mg/L
2
Cadmium (Cd)
3,0
Containing ingredients
from seaweed or bivalve mollusks
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Not containing
ingredients from seaweed or bivalve mollusks
3
Lead (Pb)
10,0
4
Mercury (Hg)
0,5
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The maximum limits of
microorganisms for health supplements/dietary supplements are provided for in
Table 2.
Table 2. Regulations on maximum limits of microorganisms
Group No.
Product group
(*)
Indicator
ML
Unit
Note
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1
Health supplements/dietary
supplements which contain plant-based ingredients and must be treated with
boiling water (soaked in boiling water, dipped in boiling water, etc.)
according to the instructions before use (e.g., herbal tea).
TAMC
5 x 107
CFU/g or CFU/mL
- The regulation in
this group also applies to multi-ingredient products that do not contain
ingredients from animals and/or minerals belonging to Group 3.
TYMC
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CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
1 x 103
CFU/g or CFU/mL
Salmonella spp.
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/25 g or /25 mL
2
Health
supplements/dietary supplements containing plant-based ingredients.
TAMC
5 x 104
CFU/g or CFU/mL
- The regulation in
this group also applies to multi-ingredient products that do not contain
ingredients from animals and/or minerals belonging to Group 3.
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+ If the products
contain probiotics in the non-spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator
“non-lactic acid bacteria” within the limits in Group 6.1 of this table is
required but the indicator “TAMC” is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator “TAMC”
is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the yeast group: the indicator “TYMC” is not required.
The indicator “TAMC” within the maximum limits in this group does not include
yeast strains that are ingredients of the products.
TYMC
5 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/mL
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Enterobacteriaceae
(Bile-tolerant Gram-negative bacteria)
1 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
Not allowed
/1 g or /1 mL
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Salmonella spp.
Not allowed
/25 g or /25 mL
3
Health
supplements/Dietary supplements containing ingredients from animals or
minerals or a mixture of two or more ingredients from animals, minerals, and
plants.
TAMC
2 x 104
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- The regulation in
this group also applies to multi-ingredient products.
- In case the products
in this group contain probiotics:
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the non-spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator
“non-lactic acid bacteria” within the limits in Group 6.1 of this table is
required but the indicator “TAMC” is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator “TAMC”
is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the yeast group: the indicator “TYMC” is not required.
The indicator “TAMC” within the maximum limits in this group does not include
yeast strains that are ingredients of the products.
TYMC
2 x 102
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Enterobacteriaceae
(Bile-tolerant Gram-negative bacteria)
1 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
Not allowed
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Salmonella spp.
Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
Staphylococcus
aureus
Not allowed
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4
Health
supplements/Dietary supplements which contain one or more ingredients:
vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, enzymes, probiotics and other
biologically active substances chemically defined and do not belong to groups
1, 2, and 3 above.
Aqueous form (water is
an ingredient in the formulation of a product) (e.g., aqueous
solutions, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, jellies, etc.).
TAMC
2 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/ml
- The regulation in
this group also applies to multi-ingredient products that
do not contain ingredients in groups 1, 2, and 3.
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+ If the products
contain probiotics in the non-spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator
“non-lactic acid bacteria” within the limits in Group 6.1 of this table is
required but the indicator “TAMC” is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator “TAMC”
is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the yeast group: the indicator “TYMC” is not required.
The indicator “TAMC” within the maximum limits in this group does not include
yeast strains that are ingredients of the products.
TYMC
2 x 101
CFU/g or CFU/mL
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Escherichia coli
Not allowed
/1 g or /1 mL
5
Health
supplements/Dietary supplements which contain one or more ingredients:
vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, enzymes, probiotics and other biologically active substances chemically defined, and do
not belong to groups 1, 2, and 3 above.
Non-aqueous form (water
is not an ingredient in the formulation of a product) (e.g., tablets
(regular tablets, effervescent tablets, film-coated tablets), soft capsules,
hard capsules, granules, powders, films, gummy candies, oil solutions, etc.).
TAMC
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CFU/g or CFU/ml
- The regulation in
this group also applies to multi-ingredient products that do not contain
ingredients in groups 1, 2, and 3.
- In case the products
in this group contain probiotics:
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the non-spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator
“non-lactic acid bacteria” within the limits in Group 6.1 of this table is
required but the indicator “TAMC” is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the spore-forming bacteria group: the indicator “TAMC”
is not required.
+ If the products
contain probiotics in the yeast group: the indicator “TYMC” is not required.
The indicator “TAMC” within the maximum limits in this group does not include
yeast strains that are ingredients of the products.
TYMC
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CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
Not allowed
/1 g or /1 mL
6
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6.1
Products containing
non-spore-forming probiotics only
Non-lactic acid
bacteria
5 x 103
CFU/g or CFU/mL
- If the products
contain probiotics in groups 6.1 and 6.2, only indicators “TYMC”, “E.
coli” and “Salmonella spp.” within the maximum limits in
group 6.1 are required.
- If the products
contain probiotics in groups 6.1 and 6.3, only indicators “non-lactic acid
bacteria”, “E. coli” and “Salmonella spp.” within
the maximum limits in group 6.1 are required.
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TYMC
1 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
Not allowed
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Salmonella spp.
Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
6.2
Products containing
spore-forming probiotics only
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1 x 102
CFU/g or CFU/mL
Escherichia coli
Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
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Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
6.3
Products containing
yeast probiotics only
TAMC (excluding added
yeast strains)
1 x 103
CFU/g or CFU/mL
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Escherichia coli
Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
Salmonella spp.
Not allowed
/10 g or /10 mL
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(*) The grouping of
products in this table relies on the product ingredients exclusive of the
ingredients that are food additives, excipients and capsule shells.
III. SAMPLING AND TEST METHODS
1. Sampling
Sampling of health
supplements/dietary supplements shall adhere to the guidelines set out in the
Circular No. 01/2024/TT-BKHCN dated January 18, 2014 of the Minister of Science
and Technology providing for state inspection of quality of goods circulating
on the market and other relevant regulations of law.
2. Sampling methods
The technical
requirements specified under this Technical Regulation shall be fulfilled
adopting the test methods below:
2.1. Methods for
determination of heavy metal indicators
2.1.1. Methods for
determination of arsenic content
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- TCVN 10912:2015 (EN
15763:2009). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements -
Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively
couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion(1).
- TCVN 9521:2012 (EN
14627:2005). Foodstuffs - Determination of
trace elements - Determination of total arsenic and selenium by hydride
generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) after pressure digestion.
- TCVN 8427:2010 (EN
14546:2005). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of
total arsenic by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS)
after dry ashing.
- AOAC 2015.01. Heavy
Metals in Food. Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry.
- AOAC 986.15. Arsenic,
Cadmium, Lead, Selenium, and Zinc in Human and Pet Foods. Multielement Method.
2.1.1.2. Methods for
determination of inorganic arsenic content
-TCVN 12346:2018 (EN
16802:2016). Foodstuffs - Determination of elements and their chemical
species - Determination of inorganic arsenic in foodstuffs of marine
and plant origin by anion-exchange HPLC-ICP-MS(1).
2.1.2. Methods for
determination of content of cadmium and lead
- TCVN 10912:2015 (EN
15763:2009). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of
arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively couple plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion(1).
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- TCVN 8126: 2009. Foods -
Determination of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, and iron - Atomic absorption
spectrophotometry after microwave digestion.
- TCVN 7929:2008 (EN
14083:2003). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of
lead, cadmium, chromium and molybdenum by graphite furnace atomic absorption
spectrometry (GFAAS) after pressure digestion.
- AOAC 2015.01. Heavy
Metals in Food. Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry.
- EN 14082:2003.
Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of lead, cadmium,
zinc, copper, iron and chromium by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after
dry ashing.
- EN 14084:2003
Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of lead, cadmium,
zinc, copper and iron by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after microwave
digestion.
2.1.3. Methods for
determination of mercury content
- TCVN 10912:2015 (EN
15763:2009). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of
arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively couple plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion(1).
- TCVN 7993:2009 (EN
13806:2002). Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of
mercury by cold - vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS) after pressure
digestion.
- TCVN 7604: 2007. Foods
- Determination of mercury content by flameless atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method.
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2.2. Test methods for
determination of microorganisms
2.2.1. Methods for
determining total aerobic microbial count
- United States
Pharmacopeia and National Formulary 2023 <2021 > Microbiological
Examination of Non-Sterile Products: Microbial Enumeration Tests for
Nutritional and Dietary Supplements (1).
- TCVN 4884-1:2015 (ISO
4833-1:2013). Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the
enumeration of microorganisms - Part 1: Colony count at 30 degrees C by the
pour plate technique
- TCVN 4884-1:2015 (ISO
4833-1:2013/Cor 1:2014). Microbiology of the
food chain - Horizontal method for the enumeration of
microorganisms - Part 2: Colony count at 30 degrees C by
the surface plating technique.
- The Vietnamese
pharmacopoeia 2017, volume V, Appendix 13.6, item 1. Determination
of total microorganisms.
- The British
pharmacopoeia 2024, volume V, Appendix XVI, item F. Microbiological examination
of herbal medicinal products for oral use and extracts used in their
preparation.
- ISO 4833-1:2013/Amd
1:2022. Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the enumeration
of microorganisms - Part 1: Colony count at 30°C by the pour plate technique -
Amendment 1: Clarification of scope.
- ISO 4833- 2:2013/Amd
1:2022. Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the enumeration
of microorganisms - Part 2: Colony count at 30°C by the surface plating
technique - Amendment 1: Clarification of scope.
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- United States
Pharmacopeia and National Formulary 2023 <2021> Microbiological
Examination of Non-Sterile Products: Microbial Enumeration Tests for
Nutritional and Dietary Supplements) (1).
- TCVN 8275-1:2010 (ISO 21527-1:2008).
Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the
enumeration of yeasts and moulds - Part 1: Colony count technique in products
with water activity greater than 0,95.
- TCVN 8275-2:2010 (ISO 21527-2:2008).
Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs – Horizontal method for the
enumeration of yeasts and moulds - Part 2: Colony count technique in products
with water activity less than or equal to 0,95.
- The Vietnamese
pharmacopoeia 2017, volume V, Appendix 13.6, item 1. Determination of total
microorganisms.
- The British
pharmacopoeia 2024, volume V, Appendix XVI, item F. Microbiological examination
of herbal medicinal products for oral use and extracts used in their
preparation.
2.2.3. Methods for
determination of Escherichia coli: Qualitative method
- United States
Pharmacopeia and National Formulary 2023 <2022> Microbiological
Examination of Non-Sterile Products: Microbial Enumeration Tests for
Nutritional and Dietary Supplements (1).
- TCVN 6846:2007 (ISO
7251:2005). Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method
for the detection and enumeration of presumptive Escherichia coli - Most
probable number technique.
- The Vietnamese pharmacopoeia
2017, volume V, Appendix 13.6, item 2. Determination of
pathogenic microorganisms.
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- ISO 7251:2005/Amd
1:2023. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for
the detection and enumeration of presumptive Escherichia cell - Most
probable number technique - Amendment 1: Inclusion of performance testing of
culture media and reagents.
2.2.4. Methods for
determination of Escherichia coli: Quantitative method
- The British
pharmacopoeia 2024, volume V, Appendix XVI, item F. Microbiological examination
of herbal medicinal products for oral use and extracts used in their
preparation (1).
- TCVN 7924-2:2008 (ISO
16649-2:2001): Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal
method for the enumeration of β-glucuronidase-positive Escherichia coli
- Part 2: Colony-count technique at 44 oC using
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-D-glucuronide.
- TCVN 9975:2013.
Foodstuffs – Enumeration of coliforms and Escherichia coli using PetrifilmTM count
plate.
2.2.5. Methods for
determination of Staphylococcus aureus
- United States
Pharmacopeia and National Formulary 2023 <2022>. Microbiological
procedures for the absence of specified microorganisms in nutritional and
dietary supplements) (1).
- The Vietnamese
pharmacopoeia 2017, volume V, Appendix 13.6, item 2. Determination of
pathogenic microorganisms.
- The British
pharmacopoeia 2024, volume V, Appendix XVI, item B. Microbiological Examination
of Non-sterile Products.
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- United States
Pharmacopeia and National Formulary 2023 <2022>. Microbiological
procedures for the absence of specified microorganisms in nutritional and
dietary supplements (1).
- TCVN 10780-1:2017 (ISO
6579-1:2017): Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the
detection, enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella - Part 1: Detection
of Salmonella spp.
- The Vietnamese
pharmacopoeia 2017, volume V, Appendix 13.6, item 2. Determination of
pathogenic microorganisms.
- The British
pharmacopoeia 2024, volume V, Appendix XVI, item B. Microbiological Examination
of Non-sterile Products.
- ISO 6579-1:2017/Amd
1:2020: Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection,
enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella - Part 1: Detection of Salmonella
spp. - Amendment 1: Broader range of incubation temperatures, amendment to the
status of Annex D, and correction of the composition of MSRV and SC).
2.2.7. Methods for
determination of Enterobacteriaceae (Bile-Tolerant Gram-Negative
Bacteria)
- ISO 21528-2:2017.
Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration
of Enterobacteriaceae - Part 2: Colony-count technique (1).
- TCVN 5518-2:2007 (ISO
21528-2:2004). Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal
methods for the detection and enumeration of
Enterobacteriaceae - Part 2: Colony-count method.
2.2.8. Method for
determination of total aerobic microbial count (excluding yeast strains as
product ingredients) in products containing probiotic components in the yeast
group.
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2.2.9. Methods for
determination of Non-Lactic Acid Bacteria
- European pharmacopoeia
9.7. Appendix 2.6.36. Microbiological examination of live biotherapeutic
products: Tests for enumeration of microbial contaminants (1).
Note:
(1) The method is used for food testing to serve state
management.
IV. MANAGERIAL REQUIREMENTS
1. The labeling of health
supplements/dietary supplements shall comply with the Government’s Decree No.
43/2017/ND-CP dated April 14, 2017 on goods labels; the Government’s Decree No.
111/2021/ND-CP dated December 9, 2021 on amendments to some Articles of the
Government’s Decree No. 43/2017/ND-CP dated April 14, 2017 on goods labels and
other relevant regulations of law.
2. Organizations and
individuals must register the disclosure of their health supplements/dietary
supplements based on the testing result given by the designated laboratory or a
laboratory recognized to conform ISO 17025 as prescribed in Article 7 of the
Government’s Decree No. 15/2018/ND-CP dated February 02, 2018 on elaboration of
some Articles of the Law on Food Safety. Applications and procedures for
registration of product disclosure are specified in Articles 7 and 8 of the
Government’s Decree No. 15/2018/ND-CP dated February 02, 2018 on elaboration of
some Articles of the Law on Food Safety.
V. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS
Producers and traders of
health supplements/dietary supplements shall take the responsibility for the
health supplements/dietary supplements they produce and trade, ensuring that
such products comply with the requirements of this Technical Regulation and
other relevant regulations of law.
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1. The Vietnam Food
Administration is assigned to preside over and cooperate with related competent
authorities in providing guidance on and organize the implementation of this
Technical Regulation.
2. The Vietnam Food
Administration shall, according to managerial requirements, review,
consolidate, report and suggest amendments to this Technical Regulation to the
Ministry of Health.
3. In the cases where any
of regulations of law and documents referred to in this Technical Regulation is
amended or replaced, the newest one shall apply.