|
THE
MINISTRY OF FINANCE
-------
|
THE
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
---------------
|
|
No.
1676/QD-BTC
|
Hanoi,
September 1, 2021
|
DECISION
ON
ISSUE OF 5 VIETNAM PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IN THE FIRST STAGE
THE MINISTER OF FINANCE
Pursuant to the Law on Accounting No.
88/2015/QH13 on November 20, 2015;
Pursuant to the Government’s Decree No.
174/2016/ND-CP dated December 30, 2016 on elaboration of and guidelines for the
Law on Accounting;
Pursuant to Government's Decree No.
87/2017/ND-CP dated July 26, 2017 on functions, tasks, powers and
organizational structure of the Ministry of Finance;
Implementing Decision No. 1299/QD-BTC dated July
31, 2019 of the Minister of Finance on approval for the Scheme for publishing
the system of Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards;
At the request of the Director of Accounting and
Auditing Supervisory Department; in response to actual implementation of
Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Article 1. Approve 5 Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) in the first stage as prescribed in Appendixes below:
1. VPSAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements
(Appendix 01);
2. VPSAS 2: Cash Flow Statement (Appendix 02);
3. VPSAS 12: Inventories (Appendix 03);
4. VPSAS 17: Property, Plant and Equipment
(Appendix 04);
5. VPSAS 31: Intangible Assets (Appendix 05).
Article 2. Implementation:
1. Designate the Director of Accounting and
Auditing Supervisory Department to:
a. Based on the issued public sector accounting
standards, request the competent authorities to make amendments to accounting
standards applied to accounting entities in public sector and relevant legal
documents, in accordance with applicable regulations on public finance mechanism
and state budget, seek guidelines for accounting system applied to entities in
each line of business from the Minister of Finance according to predetermined
roadmap.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
2. Assign the heads of relevant entities affiliated
to the Ministry of Finance to, based on their functions and tasks, study, train
and disseminate the Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs), apply
the practices in an effective and appropriate manner as the basis for proposing
and counseling the Ministry on reform of policies in public sector of Vietnam.
Article 3. This Decision comes into force from the date of signing.
Article 4. Director of Accounting and Auditing Supervisory Department;
Director of Human Resources Department; Director of Department of Legal
Affairs; Chief of Ministry Office and relevant entities shall implement this
Decision./.
PP.
MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Ta Anh Tuan
APPENDIX 01
VIETNAM PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARD 1
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Issued together with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of
the Ministry of Finance)
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
The Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) are compiled by the Accounting Public Sector Standard Drafting Board
affiliated to the Ministry of Finance to ensure compliance with accounting
international practices and in conformity with actual circumstances of Vietnam.
Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs) have the same reference
number with equivalent International Public Sector Accounting Standards
(IPSASs).
VPSAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” is
compiled based on IPSAS 1
Presentation of Financial Statements” and current
regulations on financial regime and budgets of Vietnam. VPSAS 1 sets out
provisions in accordance with applicable legislation of Vietnam and regulations
to be amended in the coming time. VPSAS 1 does not set out any provision of
IPSAS 1 not conformity with the finance and budget regime in a long term, any
addition shall be made in line with actual circumstances from time to time.
The IPSAS 1 that prevails is the version issued in
2006, amended in accordance with other international public sector accounting
standards up December 31, 2018, issued by International Public Sector
Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB).
VPSAS 1 reorganizes the number order of paragraphs
compared to the IPSAS. For comparison purpose, a table of reference of
paragraphs in VPSAS and paragraphs in IPSAS is issued together with this
Standard. In respect of contents relevant to other issued VPSASs, VPSAS 1
recites their reference numbers and names. In respect of contents of VPSASs
that have not been issued, this Standard only recites the name or relevant
contents referred to, not the reference number, of these VPSASs as in VPSAS 1.
The specific recitation of the reference number and name of these VPSASs shall
be done later when they have been issued.
Until the issue date of VPSAS 1 (2021), the relevant
standards below have been not issued:
No.
Name of public
sector accounting standard
Paragraph
referred to
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Separate Financial Statements
4
2
Consolidated Financial Statements
4
3
Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting
Estimates and Errors
25(a); 30(a); 86;
104(d); 110; 122
4
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
38
5
The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates
51(d)
6
Financial Instruments: Recognition and
Measurement
66
7
Events after the Reporting Date
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
8
Employee Benefits
101; 102
9
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets
115(d)
10
Financial Instruments: Presentation
115(d)
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Investment Property
125
12
Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
125
VPSAS 1 -
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Process of issue,
amendments to VPSAS 1
(hereinafter referred to as Standard)
The first version of VPSAS 1 is issued together
with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the Minister of
Finance.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Standards with the same effective date include:
- VPSAS 2: Cash Flow Statement;
- VPSAS 12: Inventories;
- VPSAS 11: Property, Plant and Equipment;
- VPSAS 31: Intangible Assets.
VPSAS 1 - PRESENTATION
OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONTENTS
Contents of VPSAS
1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” are presented from paragraphs 1
through 137. Every paragraph have the same validity.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Paragraph
I. GENERAL
PROVISIONS
Objectives
Scope
Definitions
Economic
Entity
Future
Economic Benefits or Service Potential
Materiality
Net
Assets/Equity
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Purpose of
Financial Statements
Responsibility
for Financial Statements
Components
of Financial Statements
Overall
Considerations
Fair Presentation
and Compliance with VPSASs
Going Concern
Consistency
of Presentation
Materiality
and Aggregation
Offsetting
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Minimum
Comparative Information
Structure
and Content
Introduction
Identification
of the Financial Statements
Reporting
Period
Timeliness
Statement of
Financial Position
Current/Non-current
Distinction
Current,
Non-Current Assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Information
to be Presented on the Face of the Statement of Financial Position
Information
to be Presented either on the Face of the Statement of Financial Position or
in the Notes
Statement of
Financial Performance
Surplus or
Deficit for the Period
Information
to be Presented on the Face of the Statement of Financial Performance
Information
to be Presented either on the Face of the Statement of Financial Performance
or in the Notes
Statement of
Changes in Net Assets/Equity
Cash Flow
Statement
Notes
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Disclosure
of Accounting Policies
Key
Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
Capital
Other
Information
1-11
1
2-4
5-11
6-8
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
10
11
12-137
12-15
16-17
18-22
23-46
23-25
26-29
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
33-35
36-40
41-46
41-46
47-137
47-48
49-53
54-55
56
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
57-62
63-66
67-74
75-79
80-84
85-103
85-87
88-91
92-103
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
112
113-117
118-125
126-133
134-135
134-135
136-137
Reference of paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to
paragraphs in IPSASs
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Objective
1. The objective of this Standard is to prescribe
the manner in which general purpose financial statements should be presented to
ensure comparability both with the entity’s financial statements of previous
periods and with the financial statements of other entities. To achieve this
objective, this Standard sets out overall considerations for the presentation
of financial statements, guidance for their structure, and minimum requirements
for the content of financial statements prepared under the accrual basis of
accounting. The recognition, measurement and disclosure of specific
transactions and other events are dealt with in other VPSASs.
Scope
2. This Standard shall be applied to all general
purpose financial statements prepared and presented under the accrual basis of
accounting in accordance with VPSASs.
3. General purpose financial statements are those
intended to meet the needs of users who are not in a position to demand reports
tailored to meet their particular information needs. Users of general purpose
financial statements include taxpayers and ratepayers, members of the
legislature, regulatory bodies, creditors, suppliers, the media, and employees.
General purpose financial statements include those that are presented
separately or within another public document such as an annual report. This
Standard does not apply to condensed interim financial information.
4. This Standard applies to the preparation of both
consolidated financial statements and separate financial statements, as defined
in relevant VPSASs.
Definitions
5. The following terms are used in this Standard
with the meanings specified:
Distributions to owners means future
economic benefits or service potential distributed by the entity to all or some
of its owners, either as a return on investment or as a return of investment.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Accrual basis means a basis of accounting
under which transactions and other events are recognized when they occur (and
not only when cash or its equivalent is received or paid). Therefore, the
transactions and events are recorded in the accounting records and recognized
in the financial statements of the periods to which they relate. The elements
recognized under accrual accounting are assets, liabilities, net assets/equity,
revenue and expenses.
Revenue is the gross inflow of economic
benefits or service potential during the reporting period when those inflows
result in an increase in net assets/equity, other than increases relating to
contributions from owners.
Economic entity means a group of entities
comprising a controlling entity and one or more controlled entities for
financial reporting purposes.
Liabilities are present obligations of
the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to
result in an outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits
or service potential.
Assets are resources controlled by an
entity as a result of past events and from which future economic benefits or
service potential are expected to flow to the entity.
Net assets/equity is the residual
interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities.
Notes contain information in addition to
that presented in the statement of financial position, statement of financial
performance, statement of changes in net assets/equity and cash flow statement.
Notes provide narrative descriptions or disaggregations of items disclosed in
those statements and information about items that do not qualify for
recognition in those statements.
Contributions from owners means future
economic benefits or service potential that has been contributed to the entity
by parties external to the entity, other than those that result in liabilities
of the entity, that establish a financial interest in the net assets/equity of
the entity, which:
(a) Conveys entitlement both to (i)
distributions of future economic benefits or service potential by the entity
during its life, such distributions being at the discretion of the owners or
their representatives, and to (ii) distributions of any excess of assets over
liabilities in the event of the entity being wound up; and/or
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Terms defined in other Vietnam Public Sector
Accounting Standards (VPSASs) are used in this Standard with the same meaning
as in those other Standards.
Economic Entity
7. Other terms sometimes used to refer to an
economic entity include “consolidated entity”, “superior accounting entity” and
“budget estimate unit level I”.
8. An economic entity may include entities with
both social policy and commercial objectives. For example, a Ministry may
include administrative entities that are funded by the state budget to perform
assigned tasks and duties, as well as public sector entities that both perform
assigned tasks and provide services as per the law.
Future Economic Benefits or Service Potential
9. Assets provide a means for entities to achieve
their objectives. Assets that are used to generate net cash inflows are often
described as embodying “future economic benefits”. Assets that are used to
deliver goods and services in accordance with an entity’s objectives but which
do not directly generate net cash inflows are often described as embodying
“service potential.” To encompass all the purposes to which assets may be
put, this Standard uses the term “future economic benefits or service
potential” to describe the essential characteristic of assets.
Materiality
10. Assessing whether an omission or misstatement
could influence decisions of users, and so be material, requires consideration of
the characteristics of those users. Users are assumed to have a reasonable
knowledge of the public sector and economic activities and accounting and a
willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence. Therefore, the
assessment needs to take into account how users with such attributes could
reasonably be expected to be influenced in making and evaluating decisions.
Net Assets/Equity
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Purpose of Financial Statements
12. Financial statements are a structured
representation of the financial position and financial performance of an
entity. The objectives of financial statements are to provide information about
the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of an entity that
is useful to a wide range of users in making and evaluating decisions about the
allocation of resources. Specifically, the objectives of general purpose
financial reporting in the public sector should be to provide information
useful for decision-making, and to demonstrate the accountability of the entity
for the resources entrusted to it by:
(a) Providing information about the sources,
allocation and uses of financial resources;
(b) Providing information about how the entity
financed its activities and met its cash requirements;
(c) Providing information that is useful in
evaluating the entity’s ability to finance its activities and to meet its
liabilities and commitments;
(d) Providing information about the financial
condition of the entity and changes in it; and
(e) Providing aggregate information useful in
evaluating the entity’s performance in terms of service costs, efficiency and
accomplishments.
13. General purpose financial statements can also
have a predictive or prospective role, providing information useful in
predicting the level of resources required for continued operations, the
resources that may be generated by continued operations, and the associated
risks and uncertainties. Financial reporting may also provide users with
information:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
14. To meet these objectives, the financial
statements provide information about an entity’s:
(a) Assets;
(b) Liabilities;
(c) Net assets/equity;
(d) Revenue;
(e) Expenses;
(f) Other changes in net assets/equity; and
(g) Cash flows.
15. Whilst the information contained in financial
statements can be relevant for the purpose of meeting the objectives in
paragraph 15, it is unlikely to enable all these objectives to be met. This is
likely to be particularly so in respect of entities whose primary objective may
not be to make a profit, as managers are likely to be accountable for the
achievement of service delivery as well as financial objectives. Supplementary
information, including non-financial statements, may be reported alongside the
financial statements in order to provide a more comprehensive picture of the
entity’s activities during the period.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
16. The accounting entity (including economic
entity) is responsible for preparing the financial statements as per the law,
under which a person is assigned to prepare the financial statements. The
financial statements shall bear the signatures of the individual who prepares
them, chief accountant/accountant in charge (or a duly authorized person), the
head of entity (or a duly authorized person) at the time of signing the
financial statements as per the law. With regard to other cases, for example
the case in which a council is responsible for approving the financial
statements, etc. the applicable regulations and laws shall apply.
17. The State Treasury shall prepare national
financial statements and provincial financial statements. The preparation and
signing of state financial statements shall comply with applicable regulations
and laws on state financial statements.
Components of Financial Statements
18. A complete set of financial statements
comprises:
(a) A statement of financial position;
(b) A statement of financial performance;
(c) A statement of changes in net assets/equity;
(d) A cash flow statement;
(e) When the entity makes publicly available its
approved budget, a comparison of budget and actual amounts either as a separate
additional financial statement or as a budget column in the financial
statements; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(g) A comparison with previous period as specified
in paragraph 41 and 42.
19. The financial statements provide users with
information about an entity’s resources and obligations at the reporting date
and the flow of resources between reporting dates. This information is useful
for users making assessments of an entity’s ability to continue to provide
goods and services at a given level, and the level of resources that may need
to be provided to the entity in the future so that it can continue to meet its
service delivery obligations.
20. Public sector entities that are funded by state
budget or other resources from the state are typically subject to budgetary
limits in the form of appropriations or budget authorizations (or equivalent),
which may be given effect through authorizing legislation. General purpose
financial reporting by public sector entities may provide information on
whether resources were obtained and used in accordance with the legally adopted
budget. Entities which make publicly available their approved budget(s) are
required to comply with the requirements of presentation of budget information
in financial statements. The comparison between the budgeted amounts and actual
amounts may be presented in various different ways, including:
• The use of a columnar format for the financial
statements, with separate columns for budgeted amounts and actual amounts.
Disclosure that the budgeted amounts have not been exceeded.
21. Entities are encouraged to present additional
information to assist users in assessing the performance of the entity, and its
stewardship of assets, as well as making and evaluating decisions about the
allocation of resources. This additional information may include details about
the entity’s outputs and outcomes in the form of performance indicators,
statements of service performance, program reviews and other reports by
management about the entity’s achievements over the reporting period.
22. Entities are also encouraged to disclose
information about compliance with legislative, regulatory or other
externally-imposed regulations. When information about compliance is not
included in the financial statements, it may be useful for a note to refer to
any documents that include that information. Knowledge of non-compliance is
likely to be relevant for accountability purposes and may affect a user’s
assessment of the entity’s performance and direction of future operations. It
may also influence decisions about resources to be allocated to the entity in
the future.
Overall Considerations
Fair Presentation and Compliance with VPSASs
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
24. An entity whose financial statements comply
with VPSASs shall make an explicit and unreserved statement of such compliance
in the notes. Financial statements shall not be described as complying with
VPSASs unless they comply with all the requirements of VPSASs issued by the
Ministry of Finance.
25. In virtually all circumstances, a fair
presentation is achieved by compliance with applicable VPSASs. A fair
presentation also requires an entity:
(a) To select and apply accounting policies in
accordance with VPSAS regarding accounting policies, changes in accounting
estimates and errors. This Standard sets out a hierarchy of authoritative
guidance that management considers in the absence of a Standard that
specifically applies to an item.
(b) To present information, including accounting
policies, in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable and
understandable information.
(c) To provide additional disclosures when
compliance with the specific requirements in VPSASs is insufficient to enable
users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and
conditions on the entity’s financial position and financial performance.
Going Concern
26. When preparing financial statements an
assessment of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern shall be made.
This assessment shall be made by those responsible for the preparation of
financial statements. Financial statements shall be prepared on a going concern
basis unless there is an intention to liquidate the entity or to cease
operating. When those responsible for the preparation of the financial
statements are aware, in making their assessment, of material uncertainties
related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt upon the
entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, those uncertainties shall be
disclosed. When financial statements are not prepared on a going concern basis,
that fact shall be disclosed, together with the basis on which the financial
statements are prepared and the reason why the entity is not regarded as a
going concern.
27. Financial statements are normally prepared on
the assumption that the entity is a going concern and will continue in
operation and meet its statutory obligations for the foreseeable future. In
assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, those
responsible for the preparation of financial statements take into account all
available information about the future, which is at least, but is not limited
to, twelve months from the approval of the financial statements.
28. The degree of consideration depends on the
facts in each case, and assessments of the going concern assumption are not
predicated on the solvency test usually applied to business enterprises. There
may be circumstances where the usual going concern tests of liquidity and
solvency appear unfavorable, but other factors suggest that the entity is
nonetheless a going concern. For example:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) For an individual entity, an assessment of its
statement of financial position at the reporting date may suggest that the
going concern assumption is not appropriate. However, there may be multi-year
funding agreements, or other arrangements, in place that will ensure the
continued operation of the entity.
29. The determination of whether the going concern
assumption is appropriate is primarily relevant for individual entities. For
individual entities, in assessing whether the going concern basis is appropriate,
those responsible for the preparation of financial statements may need to
consider a wide range of factors relating to current and expected performance,
potential and announced restructurings of organizational units, estimates of
revenue or the likelihood of continued government funding, and potential
sources of replacement financing before it is appropriate to conclude that the
going concern assumption is appropriate.
Consistency of Presentation
30. The presentation and classification of items
in the financial statements shall be retained from one period to the next
unless:
(a) It is apparent, following a significant
change in the nature of the entity’s operations or a review of its financial
statements, that another presentation or classification would be more
appropriate having regard to the criteria for the selection and application of
accounting policies in VPSAS regarding accounting policies, changes in
accounting estimates and errors; or
(b) A VPSAS requires a change in presentation.
31. A significant acquisition or disposal, or a
review of the presentation of the financial statements, might suggest that the
financial statements need to be presented differently. For example, an entity
may dispose of a service division that represents one of its most significant
controlled entities and the remaining economic entity conducts mainly
administrative and policy advice services. In this case, the presentation of
the financial statements based on the principal activities of the economic
entity as a financial institution is unlikely to be relevant for the new
economic entity.
32. An entity changes the presentation of its
financial statements only if the changed presentation provides information that
is reliable and is more relevant to users of the financial statements and the
revised structure is likely to continue, so that comparability is not impaired.
When making such changes in presentation, an entity reclassifies its
comparative information in accordance with paragraph 44 and 45.
Materiality and Aggregation
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
34. Financial statements result from processing
large numbers of transactions or other events that are aggregated into classes
according to their nature or function. The final stage in the process of
aggregation and classification is the presentation of condensed and classified
data, which form line items on the face of the statement of financial position,
statement of financial performance, statement of changes in net assets/equity
and cash flow statement, or in the notes. If a line item is not individually
material, it is aggregated with other items either on the face of those
statements or in the notes. An item that is not sufficiently material to
warrant separate presentation on the face of those statements may nevertheless
be sufficiently material for it to be presented separately in the notes.
35. Applying the concept of materiality means that
a specific disclosure requirement in a VPSAS need not be satisfied if the
information is not material.
Offsetting
36. Assets and liabilities, and revenue and
expenses, shall not be offset unless required or permitted by a VPSAS.
37. It is important that assets and liabilities,
and revenue and expenses, are reported separately. Offsetting in the statement
of financial performance or the statement of financial position, except when
offsetting reflects the substance of the transaction or other event, detracts
from the ability of users both to understand the transactions, other events and
conditions that have occurred and to assess the entity’s future cash flows.
Measuring assets net of valuation allowances – for example, obsolescence
allowances on inventories and doubtful debts allowances on receivables – is not
offsetting.
38. VPSAS regarding revenue from exchange
transactions defines revenue and requires it to be measured at the fair value
of consideration received or receivable, taking into account the amount of any
trade discounts and volume rebates allowed by the entity. An entity undertakes,
in the course of its ordinary activities, other transactions that do not
generate revenue but are incidental to the main revenue-generating activities.
The results of such transactions are presented, when this presentation reflects
the substance of the transaction or other event, by netting any revenue with
related expenses arising on the same transaction. For example: Gains and losses
on the disposal of non-current assets, including investments and operating
assets, are reported by deducting from the proceeds on disposal the carrying
amount of the asset and related selling expenses.
39. In addition, gains and losses arising from a
group of similar transactions are reported on a net basis, for example, foreign
exchange gains and losses. Such gains and losses are, however, reported
separately if they are material.
40. The offsetting of cash flows is dealt with in
VPSAS 2, “Cash Flow Statements.”
Comparative Information
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
41. Except when a VPSAS permits or requires
otherwise, comparative information shall be disclosed in respect of the
previous period for all amounts reported in the financial statements.
Comparative information shall be included for narrative and descriptive
information when it is relevant to an understanding of the current period’s
financial statements.
42. An entity shall present, as a minimum, one
statement of financial position with comparative information for the preceding
period, one statement of financial performance with comparative information for
the preceding period, one cash flow statement with comparative information for
the preceding period and one statement of changes in net assets/equity with
comparative information for the preceding period, and related notes.
43. In some cases, narrative information provided
in the financial statements for the preceding period(s) continues to be
relevant in the current period. For example, an entity discloses in the current
period details of a legal dispute, the outcome of which was uncertain at the
end of the preceding period and is yet to be resolved. Users may benefit from
the disclosure of information that the uncertainty existed at the end of the
preceding period and from disclosure of information about the steps that have
been taken during the period to resolve the uncertainty.
44. When the presentation or classification of
items in the financial statements is amended, comparative amounts shall be
reclassified unless the reclassification is impracticable. When comparative
amounts are reclassified, an entity shall disclose:
(a) The nature of the reclassification;
(b) The amount of each item or class of items
that is reclassified; and
(c) The reason for the reclassification.
45. When it is impracticable to reclassify
comparative amounts, an entity shall disclose:
(a) The reason for not reclassifying the
amounts; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
46. Enhancing the inter-period comparability of
information assists users in making and evaluating decisions, especially by
allowing the assessment of trends in financial information for predictive
purposes. In some circumstances, it is impracticable to reclassify comparative
information for a particular prior period to achieve comparability with the
current period. For example, in a public hospital, data about revenue on
healthcare may not have been collected in the prior period(s) from each ward
and department but the data must be collected in current period, it may not be
practicable to recreate the comparative information about revenue on healthcare
from each ward and department to achieve comparability with the current period.
Structure and Content
Introduction
47. This Standard requires particular disclosures
on the face of the statement of financial position, statement of financial
performance, and statement of changes in net assets/equity, and requires disclosure
of other line items either on the face of those statements or in the notes.
VPSAS 2 sets out requirements for the presentation of a cash flow statement.
48. This Standard sometimes uses the term
“disclosure” in a broad sense, encompassing items presented on the face of the
(a) statement of financial position, (b) statement of financial performance,
(c) statement of changes in net assets/equity, and (d) cash flow statement, as
well as in the notes. Disclosures are also required by other VPSASs. Unless
specified to the contrary elsewhere in this Standard, or in another Standard,
such disclosures are made either on the face of the statement of financial
position, statement of financial performance, statement of changes in net
assets/equity or cash flow statement (whichever is relevant), or in the notes.
Identification of the Financial Statements
49. The financial statements shall be identified
clearly, and distinguished from other information in the same published
document.
50. VPSASs apply only to financial statements, and
not to other information presented in an annual report or other document.
Therefore, it is important that users can distinguish information that is
prepared using VPSASs from other information that may be useful to users but is
not the subject of those requirements. Where applicable, there may be other
documents that also use the term financial statements but are not the financial
statements presented as required by this standard.
51. Each component of the financial statements
shall be identified clearly. In addition, the following information shall be
displayed prominently, and repeated when it is necessary for a proper
understanding of the information presented:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) Whether the financial statements cover the
individual entity or the economic entity;
(c) The reporting date or the period covered by
the financial statements, whichever is appropriate to that component of the
financial statements;
(d) The presentation currency, as defined in
VPSAS regarding the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates; and
(e) The units used in presenting amounts in the
financial statements.
52. The requirements in paragraph 51 are normally
met by presenting page headings and abbreviated column headings on each page of
the financial statements. Judgment is required in determining the best way of
presenting such information. For example, when the financial statements are
presented electronically, separate pages are not always used; the above items
are then presented frequently enough to ensure a proper understanding of the
information included in the financial statements.
53. Financial statements are often made more
understandable by presenting information in thousands or millions of VND or
other units of the presentation currency if prescribed by law. This is
acceptable as long as the level of rounding in presentation is disclosed and
material information is not omitted.
Reporting Period
54. Financial statements shall be presented at
least annually; the annual reporting period is 12 months in a calendar year.
When an entity’s reporting date changes and the annual financial statements are
presented for a period longer or shorter than one year, an entity shall
disclose, in addition to the period covered by the financial statements:
(a) The reason for using a longer or shorter
period; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
55. In exceptional circumstances, an entity may be
required to, or decide to, change its reporting date, for example schools
change their reporting periods by academic year. When this is the case, it is
important that (a) users be aware that the amounts shown for the current period
and comparative amounts are not comparable, and (b) the reason for the change
in reporting date is disclosed.
Timeliness
56. The usefulness of financial statements is
impaired if they are not made available to users within a reasonable period
after the reporting date. An entity should be in a position to issue its
financial statements within six months of the reporting date.
More specific deadlines are dealt with regulations
on issue of financial statements in the Accounting Law, accounting regulations
that the entity applies and guiding documents on preparation of consolidated
financial statements for superior accounting entities (economic entities). This
Standard does not preclude the practice for preparation and submission of
financial statements behind the deadlines.
Statement of Financial Position
Current/Non-current Distinction
57. An entity shall present current and
non-current assets, and current and non-current liabilities, as separate
classifications on the face of its statement of financial position in
accordance with paragraphs 63–74, except when a presentation based on liquidity
provides information that is faithfully representative and is more relevant.
When that exception applies, all assets and liabilities shall be presented
broadly in order of liquidity.
58. Whichever method of presentation is adopted,
for each asset and liability line item that combines amounts expected to be
recovered or settled (a) no more than twelve months after the reporting date,
and (b) more than twelve months after the reporting date, an entity shall disclose
the amount expected to be recovered or settled after more than twelve months.
59. When an entity supplies goods or services
within a clearly identifiable operating cycle, separate classification of
current and non-current assets and liabilities on the face of the statement of
financial position provides useful information by distinguishing the net assets
that are continuously circulating as working capital from those used in the
entity’s long-term operations. It also highlights assets that are expected to
be realized within the current operating cycle, and liabilities that are due
for settlement within the same period.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
61. In applying paragraph 57, an entity is
permitted to present some of its assets and liabilities using a
current/non-current classification, and others in order of liquidity, when this
provides information that is faithfully representative and is more relevant.
The need for a mixed basis of presentation might arise when an entity has
diverse operations.
62. Information about expected dates of
realization of assets and liabilities is useful in
assessing the liquidity and solvency of an entity. Information on the expected date
of recovery and settlement of non-monetary assets and liabilities such as
inventories and provisions is also useful, whether or not assets and
liabilities are classified as current or non-current.
Current Assets, Non-current Assets
63. An asset shall be classified as current when
it satisfies any of the following criteria:
(a) It is expected to be realized in, or is held
for sale or consumption in, the entity’s normal operating cycle;
(b) It is held primarily for the purpose of
being traded;
(c) It is expected to be realized within twelve
months after the reporting date; or
(d) It is cash or a cash equivalent (as defined
in VPSAS 2), unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a
liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.
All other assets shall be classified as
non-current.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
65. The operating cycle of an entity is the time
taken to convert inputs or resources into outputs. When the entity’s normal
operating cycle is not clearly identifiable, its duration is assumed to be
twelve months.
66. Current assets include assets (such as taxes
receivable, user charges receivable, fines and regulatory fees receivable,
inventories, etc.) that are either realized, consumed or sold, as part of the
normal operating cycle even when they are not expected to be realized within
twelve months after the reporting date. Current assets also include assets held
primarily for the purpose of trading (examples include some financial assets
classified as held for trading in accordance with the relevant VPSAS).
Current Liabilities, Non-Current Liabilities
67. A liability shall be classified as current
when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
(a) It is expected to be settled in the entity’s
normal operating cycle;
(b) It is held primarily for the purpose of
being traded;
(c) It is due to be settled within twelve months
after the reporting date; or
(d) The entity does not have an unconditional
right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the
reporting date (see paragraph 71). Terms of a liability that could, at the
option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity
instruments do not affect its classification.
All other liabilities shall be classified as
non-current.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
69. Other current liabilities are not settled as
part of the normal operating cycle, but are due for settlement within twelve
months after the reporting date or held primarily for the purpose of being
traded. Examples are some financial liabilities classified as held for trading,
bank overdrafts, and the current portion of non-current financial liabilities,
dividends or similar distributions payable, income taxes and other non-trade
payables. Financial liabilities that provide financing on a long-term basis
(i.e., are not part of the working capital used in the entity’s normal
operating cycle) and are not due for settlement within twelve months after the
reporting date are non-current liabilities, subject to paragraphs 72 and 73.
70. An entity classifies its financial liabilities
as current when they are due to be settled within twelve months after the
reporting date, even if:
(a) The original term was for a period longer than
twelve months; and
(b) An agreement to refinance, or to reschedule
payments, on a long-term basis is completed after the reporting date and before
the financial statements are authorized for issue.
71. If an entity expects, and has the discretion,
to refinance or roll over an obligation for at least twelve months after the
reporting date under an existing loan facility, it classifies the obligation as
non-current, even if it would otherwise be due within a shorter period.
However, when refinancing or rolling over the obligation is not at the
discretion of the entity (for example, there is no agreement to refinance), the
potential to refinance is not considered and the obligation is classified as
current.
72. When an entity breaches an undertaking under a
long-term loan agreement on or before the reporting date, with the effect that
the liability becomes payable on demand, the liability is classified as
current, even if the lender has agreed, after the reporting date and before the
authorization of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a
consequence of the breach. The liability is classified as current because, at
the reporting date, the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer
its settlement for at least twelve months after that date.
73. However, the liability is classified as
non-current if the lender agreed by the reporting date to provide a period of
grace ending at least twelve months after the reporting date, within which the
entity can rectify the breach and during which the lender cannot demand
immediate repayment.
74. In respect of loans classified as current
liabilities, if the following events occur between the reporting date and
the date the financial statements are authorized for issue, those events
qualify for disclosure as non-adjusting events in accordance with VPSAS
regarding events after the reporting date:
(a) Refinancing on a long-term basis;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(c) The receipt from the lender of a period of grace
to rectify a breach of a long-term loan agreement ending at least twelve months
after the reporting date.
Information to be Presented on the Face of the
Statement of Financial Position
75. As a minimum, the face of the statement of
financial position shall include line items that present the following amounts:
(a) Property, plant, and equipment;
(b) Investment property;
(c) Intangible assets;
(d) Financial assets (excluding amounts shown
under (e), (g), (h) and (i));
(e) Investments accounted for using the equity
method;
(f) Inventories;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(h) Receivables from exchange transactions;
(i) Cash and cash equivalents;
(j) Taxes and transfers payable;
(k) Payables under exchange transactions;
(l) Provisions
(m) Financial liabilities (excluding amounts
shown under (j), (k) and (l));
(n) Non-controlling interest, presented within
net assets/equity; and
(o) Net assets/equity attributable to owners of
the controlling entity.
76. Additional line items, headings, and
sub-totals shall be presented on the face of the statement of financial
position when such presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s
financial position.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Line items are included when the size, nature,
or function of an item or aggregation of similar items is such that separate
presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial position;
and
(b) The descriptions used and the ordering of items
or aggregation of similar items may be amended according to the nature of the
entity and its transactions, to provide information that is relevant to an
understanding of the entity’s financial position.
78. The judgment on whether additional items are
presented separately is based on an assessment of:
(a) The nature and liquidity of assets;
(b) The function of assets within the entity; and
(c) The amounts, nature and timing of liabilities.
79. The use of different measurement bases for
different classes of assets suggests that their nature or function differs and,
therefore, that they should be presented as separate line items. For example,
different classes of property, plant, and equipment can be carried at cost or
revalued amounts in accordance with VPSAS 17, Property, Plant, and Equipment.
Information to be Presented either on the Face
of the Statement of Financial Position or in the Notes
80. An entity shall disclose, either on the face
of the statement of financial position or in the notes, further
subclassifications of the line items presented, classified in a manner
appropriate to the entity’s operations.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Items of property, plant and equipment are
disaggregated into classes in accordance with VPSAS 17;
(b) Receivables are disaggregated into amounts
receivable from user charges, taxes and other non-exchange revenues,
receivables from related parties, prepayments, and other amounts;
(c) Inventories are subclassified in accordance
with VPSAS 12, Inventories, into classifications such as merchandise,
production supplies, materials, work in progress, and finished goods;
(d) Taxes and transfers payable are disaggregated
into tax refunds payable, transfers payable, and amounts payable to other
members of the economic entity;
(e) Provisions are disaggregated into provisions
for employee benefits and other items; and
(f) Components of net assets/equity are
disaggregated into contributed capital, accumulated surpluses and deficits, and
any reserves.
82. When an entity has no share capital, it
shall disclose net assets/equity, either on the face of the statement of
financial position or in the notes, showing separately:
(a) Contributed capital, being the cumulative
total at the reporting date of contributions from owners, less distributions to
owners;
(b) Accumulated surpluses or deficits;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(d) Non-controlling interests.
83. Many public sector entities will not have share
capital, but the entity will be controlled exclusively by another
public sector entity (also known as superior entity). The
nature of the government’s interest in the net assets/equity of the
entity is likely to be a combination of contributed capital and the aggregate
of the entity’s accumulated surpluses or deficits and reserves that reflect the
net assets/ equity attributable to the entity’s operations.
84. In some cases, there may be a non-controlling
interest in the net assets/equity of the entity. For example, at the
whole-of-government level, the economic entity may include a commercial public
sector entity that has been partly privatized. Accordingly, there may be
private shareholders who have a financial interest in the net assets/equity of
the entity.
Statement of Financial Performance
Surplus or Deficit for the Period
85. All items of revenue and expense recognized
in a period shall be included in surplus or deficit, unless an VPSAS requires
otherwise.
86. Normally, all items of revenue and expense
recognized in a period are included in surplus or deficit. This includes the
effects of changes in accounting estimates. However, circumstances may exist
when particular items may be excluded from surplus or deficit for the current
period. VPSAS regarding accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates
and errors deals with two such circumstances: the correction of errors and the
effect of changes in accounting policies.
87. Other VPSASs deal with items that may meet
definitions of revenue or expense set out in this Standard, but are usually
excluded from surplus or deficit.
Information to be Presented on the Face of the
Statement of Financial Performance
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Revenue;
(b) Finance costs;
(c) Share of the surplus or deficit of
associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method;
(d) Pre-tax gain or loss recognized on the
disposal of assets or settlement of liabilities attributable to discontinuing
operations; and
(e) Surplus or deficit.
89. The following items shall be disclosed on
the face of the statement of financial performance as allocations of surplus or
deficit for the period:
(a) Surplus or deficit attributable to
non-controlling interest; and
(b) Surplus or deficit attributable to owners of
the controlling entity.
90. Additional line items, headings, and subtotals
shall be presented on the face of the statement of financial performance when
such presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial
performance.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Information to be Presented either on the Face
of the Statement of Financial Performance or in the Notes
92. When items of revenue and expense are
material, their nature and amount shall be disclosed separately.
93. Circumstances that would give rise to the
separate disclosure of items of revenue and expense include:
(a) Write-downs of inventories to net realizable
value or of property, plant, and equipment to recoverable amount or recoverable
service amount as appropriate, as well as reversals of such write-downs;
(b) Restructurings of the activities of an entity
and reversals of any provisions for the costs of restructuring;
(c) Disposals of items of property, plant, and
equipment;
(d) Privatizations or other disposals of
investments;
(e) Discontinuing operations;
(f) Litigation settlements; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
94. An entity shall present, either on the face
of the statement of financial performance or in the notes, a subclassification
of total revenue, classified in a manner appropriate to the entity’s
operations.
95. An entity shall present, either on the face
of the statement of financial performance or in the notes, an analysis of
expenses using a classification based on either the nature of expenses or their
function within the entity, whichever provides information that is faithfully
representative and more relevant.
96. Entities are encouraged to present the analysis
in paragraph 95 on the face of the statement of financial performance.
97. Expenses are subclassified to highlight the
costs and cost recoveries of particular programs, activities, or other relevant
segments of the reporting entity. This analysis is provided in one of two ways
in paragraph 99 and 100.
98. The first form of analysis is the nature of
expense method. Expenses are aggregated in the statement of financial
performance according to their nature (for example, depreciation, purchases of
materials, transport costs, employee benefits, and advertising costs), and are
not reallocated among various functions within the entity. This method may be
simple to apply because no allocations of expenses to functional
classifications are necessary.
An example of a classification using the nature of
expense method is as follows:
Revenue
X
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
X
Depreciation and amortization
expense
X
Other expenses
X
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Total expenses
(X)
Surplus
X
99. The second form of analysis is the function of
expense method and classifies expenses according to the program or purpose for
which they were made. This method can provide more relevant information to users
than the classification of expenses by nature, but allocating costs to
functions may require arbitrary allocations and involves considerable judgment.
An example of a classification using the function
of expense method is as follows:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
X
Health
expenses
(X)
Education
expenses
(X)
Other
expenses
(X)
Total
expenses
(X)
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
X
100. The expenses associated with the main
functions undertaken by the entity are shown separately. In this example, the entity
has functions relating to the provision of health and education services. The
entity would present expense line items for each of these functions.
101. Entities classifying expenses by function
shall disclose additional information on the nature of expenses, including
depreciation and amortization expense and employee benefits expense.
102. The choice between the function of expense
method and the nature of expense method depends on historical and regulatory
factors and the nature of the entity. Because each method of presentation
has its merits for different types of entities, this Standard requires
management to select the most relevant and faithfully representative
presentation. However, because information on the nature of expenses is useful
in predicting future cash flows, additional disclosure is required when the
function of expense classification is used. In paragraph 101, employee benefits
has the same meaning as in VPSAS regarding employee benefits.
103. When an entity provides a dividend or
similar distribution to its owners and has share capital, it shall disclose,
either on the face of the statement of financial performance or the statement
of changes in net assets/ equity, or in the notes, the amount of dividends or
similar distributions recognized as distributions to owners during the period,
and the related amount per share.
Statement of Changes in Net Assets/Equity
104. An entity shall present a statement of
changes in net assets/equity showing on the face of the statement:
(a) Surplus or deficit for the period;
(b) Each item of revenue and expense for the
period that, as required by other Standards, is recognized directly in net
assets/equity, and the total of these items;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(d) For each component of net assets/equity
separately disclosed, the effects of changes in accounting policies and
corrections of errors recognized in accordance with VPSAS regarding accounting
policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors.
105. An entity shall also present, either on the
face of the statement of changes in net assets/equity or in the notes:
(a) The amounts of transactions with owners
acting in their capacity as owners, showing separately distributions to owners;
(b) The balance of accumulated surpluses or
deficits at the beginning of the period and at the reporting date, and the
changes during the period; and
(c) To the extent that components of net
assets/equity are separately disclosed, reconciliation between the carrying
amount of each component of net assets/equity at the beginning and the end of the
period, separately disclosing each change.
106. Changes in an entity’s net assets/equity
between two reporting dates reflect the increase or decrease in its net assets
during the period.
107. The overall change in net assets/equity during
a period represents the total amount of surplus or deficit for the period,
other revenues and expenses recognized directly as changes in net
assets/equity, together with any contributions by, and distributions to, owners
in their capacity as owners.
108. Contributions by, and distributions to, owners
include transfers between two entities within an economic entity (for example,
a transfer of state budget to an inferior entity). Contributions by owners, in
their capacity as owners, to controlled entities are recognized as a direct
adjustment to net assets/equity only where they explicitly give rise to
residual interests in the entity in the form of rights to net assets/equity.
109. This Standard requires all items of revenue
and expense recognized in a period to be included in surplus or deficit, unless
another VPSAS requires otherwise. Other VPSASs require some items (such as
revaluation increases and decreases, particular foreign exchange differences)
to be recognized directly as changes in net assets/equity. Because it is
important to consider all items of revenue and expense in assessing changes in
an entity’s financial position between two reporting dates, this Standard
requires the presentation of a statement of changes in net assets/equity that
highlights an entity’s total revenue and expenses, including those that are
recognized directly in net assets/equity.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
111. The requirements in paragraphs 104 and 105 may
be met by using a columnar format that reconciles the opening and closing
balances of each element within net assets/equity. An alternative is to present
only the items set out in paragraph 104 in the statement of changes in
net assets/equity. Under this approach, the items described in paragraph 105
are shown in the notes.
Cash Flow Statement
112. Cash flow information provides users of
financial statements with a basis to assess (a) the ability of the entity to
generate cash and cash equivalents, and (b) the needs of the entity to utilize
those cash flows. VPSAS 2 sets out requirements for the presentation of the
cash flow statement and related disclosures.
Notes
Structure
113. The notes shall:
(a) Present information about the basis of
preparation of the financial statements and the specific accounting policies
used, in accordance with paragraphs 120−127;
(b) Disclose the information required by VPSASs
that is not presented on the face of the statement of financial position,
statement of financial performance, statement of changes in net assets/equity,
or cash flow statement; and
(c) Provide additional information that is not
presented on the face of the statement of financial position, statement of
financial performance, statement of changes in net assets/equity, or cash flow
statement, but that is relevant to an understanding of any of them.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
115. Notes are normally presented in the following
order, which assists users in understanding the financial statements and
comparing them with financial statements of other entities:
(a) A statement of compliance with VPSASs (see
paragraph 24);
(b) A summary of significant accounting policies
applied (see paragraph 118);
(c) Supporting information for items presented on
the face of the statement of financial position, statement of financial
performance, statement of changes in net assets/equity, or cash flow statement,
in the order in which each statement and each line item is presented; and
(d) Other disclosures, including:
(i) Contingent liabilities, and unrecognized
contractual commitments; and
(ii) Non-financial disclosures, e.g., the entity’s
financial risk management objectives and policies.
116. In some circumstances, it may be necessary or
desirable to vary the ordering of specific items within the notes.
Nevertheless, a systematic structure for the notes is retained as far as
practicable.
117. Notes providing information about the basis of
preparation of the financial statements and specific accounting policies may be
presented as a separate component of the financial statements.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
118. An entity shall disclose in the summary of
significant accounting policies:
(a) The measurement basis (or bases) used in
preparing the financial statements;
(b) The extent to which the entity has applied
any transitional provisions in any VPSAS; and
(c) The other accounting policies used that are relevant
to an understanding of the financial statements.
119. It is important for users to be informed of
the measurement basis or bases used in the financial statements (for example,
historical cost, current cost, net realizable value) because the basis on which
the financial statements are prepared significantly affects their analysis.
When more than one measurement basis is used in the financial statements, for
example when particular classes of assets are revalued, it is sufficient to
provide an indication of the categories of assets and liabilities to which each
measurement basis is applied.
120. In deciding whether a particular accounting
policy should be disclosed, management considers whether disclosure would
assist users in understanding how transactions, other events, and conditions
are reflected in the reported financial performance and financial position.
Disclosure of particular accounting policies is especially useful to users when
those policies are selected from alternatives allowed in VPSASs.
121. Each entity considers the nature of its
operations and the policies that the users of its financial statements would
expect to be disclosed for that type of entity. For example, public
sector entities would be expected to disclose an accounting policy for
recognition of funds financed by the state budget, donations, and other forms
of non-exchange revenue. When an entity has significant foreign operations or
transactions in foreign currencies, disclosure of accounting policies for the
recognition of foreign exchange gains and losses would be expected. When public
sector combinations have occurred, the policies used for measuring goodwill and
non-controlling interest are disclosed.
122. An accounting policy may be significant
because of the nature of the entity’s operation, even if amounts for current
and prior periods are not material. It is also appropriate to disclose each
significant accounting policy that is not specifically required by VPSASs, but
is selected and applied in accordance with VPSAS regarding accounting policies,
changes in accounting estimates and errors.
123. An entity shall disclose, in the summary of
significant accounting policies or other notes, the judgments, apart from those
involving estimations (see paragraph 140), management has made in the process
of applying the entity’s accounting policies that have the most significant
effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
• Whether assets are investment:
• Whether agreements for the provision of goods
and/or services that involve the use of dedicated assets are leases;
• Whether, in substance, particular sales of goods
are financing arrangements and therefore do not give rise to revenue; and
• Whether the substance of the relationship between
the reporting entity and other entities indicates that these other entities are
controlled by the reporting entity.
125. Some of the disclosures made in accordance
with paragraph 123 are required by other VPSASs. For example, VPSAS regarding
disclosure of interests in other entities, requires an entity to disclose the
judgments it has made in determining whether it controls another entity. VPSAS
regarding investment property requires disclosure of the criteria developed by
the entity to distinguish investment
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
126. An entity shall disclose in the notes
information about (a) the key assumptions concerning the future, and (b) other
key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a
significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of
assets and liabilities within the next financial year. In respect of those
assets and liabilities, the notes shall include details of:
(a) Their nature; and
(b) Their carrying amount as at the reporting
date.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
128. The key assumptions and other key sources of
estimation uncertainty disclosed in accordance with paragraph 126 relate to the
estimates that require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex
judgments. As the number of variables and assumptions affecting the possible
future resolution of the uncertainties increases, those judgments become more
subjective and complex, and the potential for a consequential material
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities normally increases
accordingly.
129. The disclosures in paragraph 140 are presented
in a manner that helps users of financial statements to understand the
judgments management makes about the future and about other key sources of
estimation uncertainty. The nature and extent of the information provided vary
according to the nature of the assumption and other circumstances. Examples of
the types of disclosures made are:
(a) The nature of the assumption or other
estimation uncertainty;
(b) The sensitivity of carrying amounts to the
methods, assumptions, and estimates underlying their calculation, including the
reasons for the sensitivity;
(c) The expected resolution of an uncertainty and
the range of reasonably possible outcomes within the next financial year in
respect of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities affected; and
(d) An explanation of changes made to past
assumptions concerning those assets and liabilities, if the uncertainty remains
unresolved.
130. It is not necessary to disclose budget
information or forecasts in making the disclosures in paragraph 126.
131. When it is impracticable to disclose the
extent of the possible effects of a key assumption or another key source of
estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, the entity discloses that it is
reasonably possible, based on existing knowledge, that outcomes within the next
financial year that are different from assumptions could require a material
adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected. In all
cases, the entity discloses the nature and carrying amount of the specific
asset or liability (or class of assets or liabilities) affected by the
assumption.
132. The disclosures in paragraph 123 of particular
judgments management made in the process of applying the entity’s accounting
policies do not relate to the disclosures of key sources of estimation
uncertainty in paragraph 126.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Capital
134. An entity shall disclose information that
enables users of its financial statements to evaluate the entity’s objectives,
policies, and processes for managing capital.
135. To comply with paragraph 134 the entity
discloses the following:
(a) Qualitative information about its objectives,
policies, and processes for managing capital, including (but not limited to):
(i) A description of what it manages as capital;
(ii) When an entity is subject to externally
imposed capital requirements, the nature of those requirements and how those
requirements are incorporated into the management of capital; and
(iii) How it is meeting its objectives for managing
capital.
(b) Summary quantitative data about
what it manages as capital.
(c) Any changes in (a) and (b) from the previous
period.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(e) When the entity has not complied with such
externally imposed capital requirements, the consequences of such
non-compliance.
These disclosures shall be based on the information
provided internally to the entity’s key management personnel.
Other Disclosures
136. An entity shall disclose in the notes:
(a) The amount of dividends, or similar
distributions, proposed or declared before the financial statements were
authorized for issue, but not recognized as a distribution to owners during the
period, and the related amount per share; and
(b) The amount of any cumulative preference
dividends, or similar distributions, not recognized.
137. An entity shall disclose the following, if
not disclosed elsewhere in information published with the financial statements:
(a) The domicile and legal form of the entity,
and the jurisdiction within which it operates (if any);
(b) A description of the nature of the entity’s
operations and principal activities;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(d) The name of the controlling entity and
the ultimate controlling entity of the economic entity (where applicable); and
(e) If it is a limited life entity, information
regarding the length of its life.
Reference of
paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to paragraphs in IPSASs
Paragraph of
VPSAS 01
Paragraph of
IPSAS1
Paragraph of
VPSAS 01
Paragraph of
IPSAS 1
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Paragraph of
VPSAS 01
Paragraph of
IPSAS1
Paragraph of
VPSAS 01
Paragraph of
IPSAS 1
1
1
36
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
71
84
106
120
2
2
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
49
72
85
107
121
3
3
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
38
50
73
86
108
122
4
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
39
51
74
87
109
123
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
7
40
52
75
88
110
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
6
8
41
53
76
89
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
125
7
9
42
53A
77
90
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
112
126
8
10
43
54
78
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
113
127
9
11
44
55
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
92
114
128
10
13
45
56
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
80
93
115
129
11
14
46
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
81
94
116
130
12
15
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
59
82
95
117
131
13
16
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
48
60
83
96
118
132
14
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
49
61
84
97
119
133
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
18
50
62
85
99
120
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
16
19
51
63
86
100
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
135
17
20
52
64
87
101
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
122
136
18
21
53
65
88
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
123
137
19
23
54
66
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
103
124
138
20
24
55
67
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
90
104
125
139
21
25
56
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
91
105
126
140
22
26
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
70
92
106
127
141
23
27
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
58
71
93
107
128
142
24
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
59
72
94
108
129
144
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
29
60
73
95
109
130
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
26
38
61
74
96
110
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
146
27
39
62
75
97
111
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
132
147
28
40
63
76
98
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
133
148
29
41
64
77
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
113
134
148A
30
42
65
78
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
100
114
135
148B
31
43
66
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
101
115
136
149
32
44
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
80
102
116
137
150
33
45
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
68
81
103
117
34
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
69
82
104
118
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
47
70
83
105
119
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
APPENDIX 02
VIETNAM PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARD 2
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
(Issued together with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of
the Ministry of Finance)
INTRODUCTION
The Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) are compiled by the Accounting Public Sector Standard Drafting Board
affiliated to the Ministry of Finance to ensure compliance with accounting
international practices and in conformity with actual circumstances of Vietnam.
Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs) have the same reference
number with equivalent International Public Sector Accounting Standards
(IPSASs).
VPSAS 2 “Cash Flow Statement” is compiled based on
IPSAS 2 “Cash Flow Statement” and current regulations on financial regime and
budgets of Vietnam. VPSAS 2 sets out provisions in accordance with applicable
legislation of Vietnam and regulations to be amended in the coming time. VPSAS
2 does not set out any provision of IPSAS 2 not conformity with the finance and
budget regime in a long term, any addition shall be made in line with actual
circumstances from time to time.
The IPSAS 2 that prevails is the version issued in
2000, amended in accordance with other international public sector accounting
standards up December 31, 2018, issued by International Public Sector
Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB).
VPSAS 2 reorganizes the number order of paragraphs
compared to the IPSAS. For comparison purpose, a table of reference of
paragraphs in VPSAS and paragraphs in IPSAS is issued together with this
Standard. In respect of contents relevant to other issued VPSASs, VPSAS 2 recites
their reference numbers and names. In respect of contents of VPSASs that have
not been issued, this Standard only recites the name or relevant content to be
referred to, not the reference number, of these VPSASs as in VPSAS 2. The
specific recitation of the reference number and name of these VPSASs shall be
done later when they have been issued.
Until the issue date of VPSAS 2 (2021), the
relevant standards below have been not issued:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Name of public
sector accounting standard
Paragraph
referred to
1
The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates
35
2
Borrowing Costs
38
3
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
50
VPSAS 2 - CASH
FLOW STATEMENT
Process of issue,
amendments to VPSAS 2
(hereinafter referred to as Standard)
The first version of VPSAS 2 is issued together
with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the Minister of
Finance.
This Standard comes into force as of September 1,
2021 and applies from September 1, 2021.
Standards with the same effect, include:
- VPSAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements;
- VPSAS 12: Inventories;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
- VPSAS 31: Intangible Assets.
VPSAS 2 - CASH
FLOW STATEMENT
CONTENTS
Contents of VPSAS
2 “Cash Flow Statement” are presented from paragraphs 1 through 54. Every
paragraph have the same validity.
Paragraph
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1-15
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
1
Scope
2-3
Benefits of Cash Flow Information
4-6
Definitions
7-15
Cash and Cash Equivalents
8-10
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
11-13
Future Economic Benefits or Service Potential
14
Net Assets/Equity
15
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
16-54
Presentation of a Cash Flow Statement
16-23
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
19-21
Investing Activities
22
Financing Activities
23
Reporting Cash Flows from Operating Activities
24-27
Reporting Cash Flows from Investing and
Financing Activities
28
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
29-32
Foreign Currency Cash Flows
33-36
Interest and Dividend or Similar Distributions
37-40
Taxes on Net Surplus
41-43
Investments in Controlled Entities, Associates
and Joint Ventures
44-45
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
46-47
Components of Cash and Cash Equivalents
48-50
Other Disclosures
51-54
Reference of paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent
to paragraphs in IPSASs
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
1. The objective of this Standard is to require the
provision of information about the historical changes in cash and cash equivalents
of an entity by means of a cash flow statement that classifies cash flows
during the period from operating, investing, and financing activities. The cash
flow statement identifies: the sources of cash inflows, the items on which cash
was expended during the reporting period, and the cash balance as at the
reporting date. Information about the cash flows of an entity is useful in
providing users of financial statements with information for both
accountability and decision-making purposes. Cash flow information allows users
to ascertain how a public sector entity raised the cash it required to fund its
activities, and the manner in which that cash was used. In making and
evaluating decisions about the allocation of resources, such as the sustainability
of the entity’s activities, users require an understanding of the timing and
certainty of cash flows.
Scope
2. An entity that prepares and presents
financial statements under the accrual basis of accounting shall prepare a cash
flow statement in accordance with the requirements of this Standard, and shall
present it as an integral part of its financial statements for each period for
which financial statements are presented.
3. Information about cash flows may be useful to
users of an entity’s financial statements in: assessing the entity’s cash
flows; assessing the entity’s compliance with legislation and regulations
(including authorized budgets where appropriate); and making decisions about
whether to provide resources to, or enter into transactions with, an entity.
They are generally interested in how the entity generates and uses cash and
cash equivalents. This is the case regardless of the nature of the entity’s
activities. This is the case irrespective of whether cash can be viewed as the
product of the entity, as may be the case with a public financial institution.
Entities need cash to pay for the goods and services they consume, to meet
ongoing debt servicing costs, and, in some cases, to reduce levels of debt.
Accordingly, this Standard requires all entities to present a cash flow
statement.
Benefits of Cash Flow Information
4. Information about the cash flows of an entity is
useful in assisting users to predict: the future cash requirements of the
entity, its ability to generate cash flows in the future, and its ability to
fund changes in the scope and nature of its activities. A cash flow statement
also provides a means by which an entity can discharge its accountability for
cash inflows and cash outflows during the reporting period.
5. A cash flow statement, when used in conjunction
with other financial statements, provides information that enables users to
evaluate the changes in net assets/equity of an entity, its financial structure
(including its liquidity and solvency), and its ability to affect the amounts
and timing of cash flows in order to adapt to changing circumstances and
opportunities. It also enhances the comparability of the reporting of operating
performance by different entities, because it eliminates the effects of using
different accounting treatments for the same transactions and other events (if
any).
6. Historical cash flow information is often used
as an indicator of the amount, timing, and certainty of future cash flows. It
is also useful in checking the accuracy of past assessments of future cash
flows.
Definitions
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Investing activities are the acquisition
and disposal of long-term assets and other investments not included in cash
equivalents.
Financing activities are activities that
result in changes in the size and composition of the contributed capital and
borrowings of the entity.
Operating activities are the activities
of the entity that are not investing or financing activities.
Control: An entity controls another
entity when the entity is exposed, or has rights, to variable benefits from its
involvement with the other entity and has the ability to affect the nature and
amount of those benefits through its power over the other entity.
Cash flows are inflows and outflows of
cash and cash equivalents.
Reporting date means the date of the last
day of the reporting period to which the financial statements relate.
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand
deposits.
Cash equivalents are short-term, highly
liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and
which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Terms defined in other Vietnam Public Sector
Accounting Standards (VPSASs) are used in this Standard with the same meaning
as in those other Standards.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
8. Cash equivalents are held for the purpose of
meeting short term cash commitments rather than for investment or other
purposes. For an investment to qualify as a cash equivalent, it must be readily
convertible to a known amount of cash and be subject to an insignificant risk
of changes in value. Therefore, an investment normally qualifies as a cash
equivalent only when it has a short maturity of, say, three months or less from
the date of acquisition. Equity investments are excluded from cash equivalents
unless they are, in substance, cash equivalents.
9. Bank borrowings are generally considered to be
financing activities. However, in some countries, bank overdrafts that are
repayable on demand form an integral part of an entity’s cash management.
10. Cash flows exclude movements between items that
constitute cash or cash equivalents, because these components are part of the
cash management of an entity rather than part of its operating, investing, and
financing activities. Cash management includes the investment of excess cash in
cash equivalents.
Economic Entity
11. The term “economic entity” is used in this
Standard to define, for financial reporting purposes, a group of entities
comprising the controlling entity and any controlled entities.
12. Other terms sometimes used to refer to an
economic entity include “consolidated entity”, “superior accounting entity” and
“budget estimate unit level I”.
13. An economic entity may include entities with
both social policy and commercial objectives. For example, a Ministry may
include administrative entities that are funded by the state budget to perform
assigned tasks and duties, as well as public sector entities that both perform
assigned tasks and provide services as per the law.
Future Economic Benefits or Service Potential
14. Assets provide a means for entities to achieve
their objectives. Assets that are used to generate net cash inflows are often
described as embodying “future economic benefits”. Assets that are used to
deliver goods and services in accordance with an entity’s objectives but which
do not directly generate net cash inflows are often described as embodying
“service potential.” To encompass all the purposes to which assets may be
put, this Standard uses the term “future economic benefits or service
potential” to describe the essential characteristic of assets.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
15. Net assets/equity is the term used in this
Standard to refer to the residual measure in the statement of financial
position (assets less liabilities). Net assets/equity may be positive or
negative. Other terms may be used in place of net assets/equity, provided that
their meaning is clear.
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Presentation of a Cash Flow Statement
16. The cash flow statement shall report cash
flows during the period classified by operating, investing, and financing
activities.
17. An entity presents its cash flows from
operating, investing, and financing activities in a manner that is most
appropriate to its activities. Classification by activity provides information
that allows users to assess the impact of those activities on the financial
position of the entity, and the amount of its cash and cash equivalents. This
information may also be used to evaluate the relationships among those
activities.
18. A single transaction may include cash flows
that are classified differently. For example, when the cash repayment of a loan
includes both interest and capital, the interest element may be classified as
an operating activity and the capital element classified as a financing
activity.
Operating Activities
19. The amount of net cash flows arising from
operating activities is a key indicator of the extent to which the operations
of the entity are funded:
(a) By way of taxes (directly and indirectly); or
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
The amount of the net cash flows also assists in
showing the ability of the entity to maintain its operating capability, repay obligations,
pay a dividend or similar distribution to its owner, and make new investments,
without recourse to external sources of financing.
The consolidated whole-of-government operating cash
flows provide an indication of the extent to which a government (or local
government) has financed its current activities through taxation and charges.
Information about the specific components of
historical operating cash flows is useful, in conjunction with other
information, in forecasting future operating cash flows.
20. Cash flows from operating activities are
primarily derived from the principal cash-generating activities of the entity.
Examples of cash flows from operating activities are:
(a) Cash receipts from taxes, levies, and fines;
(b) Cash receipts from charges for goods and
services provided by the entity;
(c) Cash receipts from grants or transfers and
other appropriations or other budget authority made by central government or
other public sector entities;
(d) Cash receipts from royalties, fees, commissions,
and other revenue;
(e) Cash payments to other public sector entities
to finance their operations (not including loans);
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(g) Cash payments to and on behalf of employees;
(h) Cash receipts and cash payments of an insurance
entity for premiums and claims, annuities, and other policy benefits;
(i) Cash payments of local property taxes or income
taxes (where appropriate) in relation to operating activities;
(j) Cash receipts and payments from contracts held
for dealing or trading purposes;
(k) Cash receipts or payments from discontinuing
operations; and
(l) Cash receipts or payments in relation to
litigation settlements.
Some transactions, such as the sale of an item of
plant, may give rise to a gain or loss that is included in surplus or deficit.
The cash flows relating to such transactions are cash flows from investing
activities. However, cash payments to construct or acquire assets held for
rental to others and subsequently held for sale as described in VPSAS 17,
Property, Plant, and Equipment are cash flows from operating activities. The
cash receipts from rents and subsequent sales of such assets are also cash
flows from operating activities.
21. An entity may hold securities and loans for
dealing or trading purposes, in which case they are similar to inventory
acquired specifically for resale. Therefore, cash flows arising from the
purchase and sale of dealing or trading securities are classified as operating
activities. Similarly, cash advances and loans made by public financial
institutions are usually classified as operating activities, since they relate
to the main cash-generating activity of that entity.
Investing Activities
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Cash payments to acquire property, plant, and
equipment, intangibles, and other long-term assets. These payments include
those relating to capitalized development costs and self-constructed property,
plant, and equipment;
(b) Cash receipts from sales of property, plant,
and equipment, intangibles, and other long-term assets;
(c) Cash payments to acquire equity or debt
instruments of other entities and interests in joint ventures (other than
payments for those instruments considered to be cash equivalents or those held
for dealing or trading purposes);
(d) Cash receipts from sales of equity or debt
instruments of other entities and interests in joint ventures (other than
receipts for those instruments considered to be cash equivalents and those held
for dealing or trading purposes);
(e) Cash advances and loans made to other parties
(other than advances and loans made by a public financial institution);
(f) Cash receipts from the repayment of advances
and loans made to other parties (other than advances and loans of a public
financial institution);
(g) Cash payments to equity participation in other
entities;
(h) Cash receipts from equity participation in
other entities.
Financing Activities
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Cash proceeds from issuing debentures, loans,
notes, bonds, mortgages, and other short or long-term borrowings;
(b) Cash repayments of amounts borrowed; and
(c) Cash payments by a lessee for the reduction of
the outstanding liability relating to a finance lease.
Reporting Cash Flows from Operating Activities
24. An entity shall report cash flows from
operating activities using either:
(a) The direct method, whereby major classes of
gross cash receipts and gross cash payments are disclosed; or
(b) The indirect method, whereby surplus or
deficit is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a noncash nature, any
deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments,
and items of revenue or expense associated with investing or financing cash
flows.
25. Entities are encouraged to report cash flows
from operating activities using the direct method. The direct method provides
information that may be useful in estimating future cash flows, and not
available under the indirect method. Under the direct method, information about
major classes of gross cash receipts and gross cash payments may be obtained
either:
(a) From the accounting records of the entity; or
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(i) Changes during the period in inventories and
operating receivables and payables;
(ii) Other noncash items; and
(iii) Other items for which the cash effects are
investing or financing cash flows.
26. Entities reporting cash flows from operating
activities using the direct method are also encouraged to provide a
reconciliation of the surplus/deficit from ordinary activities with the net
cash flow from operating activities. This reconciliation may be provided as
part of the cash flow statement or in the notes to the financial statements.
27. Under the indirect method, the net cash flow
from operating activities is determined by adjusting surplus or deficit from
ordinary activities for the effects of:
(a) Changes during the period in inventories and
operating receivables and payables;
(b) Non-cash items such as depreciation,
provisions, deferred taxes, unrealized foreign currency gains and losses,
undistributed surpluses of associates, and minority interests; and
(c) All other items for which the cash effects are
investing or financing cash flows.
Reporting Cash Flows from Investing and
Financing Activities
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Reporting Cash Flows on a Net Basis
29. Cash flows arising from the following
operating, investing, or financing activities may be reported on a net basis:
(a) Cash receipts collected and payments made on
behalf of customers, taxpayers, or beneficiaries when the cash flows
reflect the activities of the other party rather than those of the entity; and
(b) Cash receipts and payments for items in which
the turnover is quick, the amounts are large, and the maturities are short.
30. Paragraph 29(a) refers only to transactions
where the resulting cash balances are controlled by the reporting entity.
Examples of such cash receipts and payments include:
(a) The collection of taxes by one level of
government for another level of government, not including taxes collected by a
government for its own use as part of a tax-sharing arrangement;
(b) The acceptance and repayment of demand deposits
of a public financial institution;
(c) Funds held for customers by an investment or
trust entity; and
(d) Rents collected on behalf of, and paid over to,
the owners of properties.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) The purchase and sale of investments; and
(b) Other short-term borrowings, for example, those
that have a maturity period of three months or less.
32. Cash flows arising from each of the
following activities of a public financial institution may be reported on a net
basis:
(a) Cash receipts and payments for the
acceptance and repayment of deposits with a fixed maturity date;
(b) The placement of deposits with, and
withdrawal of deposits from, other financial institutions; and
(c) Cash advances and loans made to customers
and the repayment of those advances and loans.
Foreign Currency Cash Flows
33. Cash flows arising from transactions in a foreign
currency shall be recorded in an entity’s functional currency by applying to
the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the functional currency
and the foreign currency at the date of the cash flow.
34. The cash flows of a foreign controlled
entity shall be translated at the exchange rates between the Vietnamese dong
and the foreign currency at the dates of the cash flows.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
36. Unrealized gains and losses arising from
changes in foreign currency exchange rates are not cash flows. However, the
effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents held or due in a
foreign currency is reported in the cash flow statement in order to reconcile
cash and cash equivalents at the beginning and the end of the period. This
amount is presented separately from cash flows from operating, investing, and
financing activities, and includes the differences, if any, if those cash flows
had been reported at end of period exchange rates.
Interest and Dividends or Similar Distributions
37. Cash flows from interest and dividends or
similar distributions received and paid shall each be disclosed separately.
Each shall be classified in a consistent manner from period to period as either
operating, investing, or financing activities.
38. The total amount of interest paid during a
period is disclosed in the cash flow statement, whether it has been recognized as
an expense in the statement of financial performance or capitalized in
accordance with the allowed alternative treatment in VPSAS 5, Borrowing Costs.
39. Interest paid and interest and dividends or
similar distributions received are usually classified as operating cash flows
for a public financial institution. However, there is no consensus on the
classification of these cash flows for other entities. Interest paid and
interest and dividends or similar distributions received may be classified as
operating cash flows because they enter into the determination of surplus or
deficit. Alternatively, interest paid and interest and dividends or similar
distributions received may be classified as financing cash flows and investing
cash flows respectively, because they are costs of obtaining financial
resources or returns on investments.
40. Dividends or similar distributions paid may be
classified as a financing cash flow because they are a cost of obtaining
financial resources. Alternatively, dividends or similar distributions paid may
be classified as a component of cash flows from operating activities in order
to assist users to determine the ability of an entity to make these payments
out of operating cash flows.
Taxes on Net Surplus
41. Cash flows arising from taxes on net surplus
shall be separately disclosed and shall be classified as cash flows from
operating activities, unless they can be specifically identified with financing
and investing activities.
42. Some public sector entities may operate under
tax-equivalent regimes, where taxes are levied in the same way as they are on
private sector entities. For example, some production and businesses of goods
and services of public sector entities.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Investments in Controlled Entities, Associates
and Joint Ventures
44. When accounting for an investment in an
associate or a controlled entity accounted for by use of the equity or cost
method, an investor restricts its reporting in the cash flow statement to the
cash flows between itself and the investee, for example, to dividends or
similar distributions and advances.
45. An entity that reports its interest in a
jointly controlled entity using proportionate consolidation includes in its
consolidated cash flow statement its proportionate share of the jointly
controlled entity’s cash flows. An entity that reports such an interest using
the equity method includes in its cash flow statement (a) the cash flows in respect
of its investments in the jointly controlled entity, and (b) distributions and
other payments or receipts between it and the jointly controlled entity.
Noncash Transactions
46. Investing and financing transactions that do
not require the use of cash or cash equivalents shall be excluded from a cash
flow statement. Such transactions shall be disclosed elsewhere in the financial
statements in a way that provides all the relevant information about these
investing and financing activities.
47. Many investing and financing activities do not
have a direct impact on current cash flows, although they do affect the capital
and asset structure of an entity. The exclusion of noncash transactions from
the cash flow statement is consistent with the objective of a cash flow
statement, as these items do not involve cash flows in the current period.
Examples of noncash transactions are:
(a) The acquisition of assets through the exchange
of assets, the assumption of directly related liabilities, or by means of a finance
lease; and
(b) The conversion of debt to equity.
Components of Cash and Cash Equivalents
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
49. In view of the variety of cash management
practices and banking arrangements around the world, and in order to comply
with VPSAS 1, an entity discloses the policy that it adopts in determining the
composition of cash and cash equivalents.
50. The effect of any change in the policy for
determining components of cash and cash equivalents, for example, a change in
the classification of financial instruments previously considered to be part of
an entity’s investment portfolio, is reported in accordance with VPSAS 3,
Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.
Other Disclosures
51. An entity shall disclose, together with a
commentary by management in the notes to the financial statements, the amount
of significant cash and cash equivalent balances held by the entity that are
not available for use by the economic entity.
52. There are various circumstances in which cash
and cash equivalent balances held by an entity are not available for use by the
economic entity. Examples include cash and cash equivalent balances held by a
controlled entity that operates in a country where exchange controls or other
legal restrictions apply, when the balances are not available for general use
by the controlling entity or other controlled entities.
53. Additional information may be relevant to users
in understanding the financial position and liquidity of an entity. Disclosure
of this information, together with a description in the notes to the financial
statements, is encouraged, and may include:
(a) The amount of undrawn borrowing facilities that
may be available for future operating activities and to settle capital
commitments, indicating any restrictions on the use of these facilities;
(b) The amount and nature of restricted cash
balances.
54. Where appropriations or budget authorizations
are prepared on a cash basis, the cash flow statement may assist users in
understanding the relationship between the entity’s activities or programs and
the government’s budgetary information. Refer to VPSAS 1 for a brief discussion
of the comparison of actual and budgeted figures.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Paragraph of
VPSAS 02
Paragraph of
IPSAS 2
1
2
1
3
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
14
15
15
17
16
18
17
19
18
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
19
21
20
22
21
23
22
25
23
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
24
27
25
28
26
29
27
30
28
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
29
32
30
33
31
34
32
35
33
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
34
37
35
38
36
39
37
40
38
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
39
42
40
43
41
44
42
45
43
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
44
47
45
48
46
54
47
55
48
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
49
57
50
58
51
59
52
60
53
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
54
62
APPENDIX 03
VPSAS 12 - INVENTORIES
(Issued together with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the
Ministry of Finance)
INTRODUCTION
The Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) are compiled by the Accounting Public Sector Standard Drafting Board
affiliated to the Ministry of Finance to ensure compliance with accounting
international practices and in conformity with actual circumstances of Vietnam.
Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs) have the same reference
number with equivalent International Public Sector Accounting Standards
(IPSASs).
VPSAS 12 “Inventories” is compiled based on IPSAS
12 “Inventories” and current regulations on financial regime and budgets of
Vietnam. VPSAS 12 sets out provisions in accordance with applicable legislation
of Vietnam and regulations to be amended in the coming time. VPSAS 12 does not
set out any provision of IPSAS 12 not conformity with the finance and budget
regime in a long term, any addition shall be made in line with actual
circumstances from time to time.
The IPSAS 12 that prevails is the version issued in
2003, amended in accordance with other international public sector accounting
standards up December 31, 2018, issued by International Public Sector
Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB).
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Until the issue date of VPSAS 12 (2021), the
relevant standards below have been not issued:
No.
Name of public
sector accounting standard
Paragraph
referred to
1
Construction Contracts
2(a)
2
Financial Instruments: Presentation
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
3
Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement
2(b)
4
Agriculture
2(c); 26
5
Revenue from Exchange Transactions
8
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Borrowing Costs
23
7
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets
37
VPSAS 12 -
INVENTORIES
Process of issue,
amendments to VPSAS 12
(hereinafter referred to as Standard)
The first version of VPSAS 12 is issued together
with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the Minister of
Finance.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Standards with the same effect, include:
- VPSAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements;
- VPSAS 2: Cash Flow Statement;
- VPSAS 17: Property, Plant and Equipment;
- VPSAS 31: Intangible Assets.
VPSAS 12 -
INVENTORIES
CONTENTS
Contents of VPSAS
12 “Inventories” are presented from paragraphs 1 through 54. Every paragraph
have the same validity.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Objectives
Scope
Definitions
Net Realizable Value
Inventories
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Measurement of Inventories
Cost of Inventories
Costs of Purchase
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Other Costs
Cost of Inventories of a Service Provider
Cost of Agricultural Produce Harvested from
Biological Assets
Techniques for the Measurement of Cost
Cost Formulas
Net Realizable Value
Distributing Goods at No Charge or for a Nominal
Charge
Recognition as an Expense
Disclosure
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Objective
1. The objective of this Standard is to prescribe
the accounting treatment for inventories. A primary issue in accounting for
inventories is the amount of cost to be recognized as an asset and carried
forward until the related revenues are recognized. This Standard provides
guidance on the determination of cost and its subsequent recognition as an
expense, including any write-down to net realizable value. It also provides
guidance on the cost formulas that are used to assign costs to inventories.
Scope
2. An entity that prepares and presents
financial statements under the accrual basis of accounting shall apply this
Standard in accounting for all inventories except:
(a) Work in progress arising under construction
contracts, including directly related service contracts;
(b) Financial instruments;
(c) Biological assets related to agricultural
activity and agricultural produce at the point of harvest; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
3. This Standard does not apply to the measurement
of inventories held by:
(a) Producers of agricultural and forest
products, agricultural produce after harvest, and minerals and mineral
products, to the extent that they are measured at net realizable value in
accordance with well-established practices in those industries. When such
inventories are measured at net realizable value, changes in that value are
recognized in surplus or deficit in the period of the change.
(b) Commodity broker-traders who measure their
inventories at fair value less costs to sell. When such inventories are
measured at fair value less costs to sell, changes in fair value less costs to
sell are recognized in surplus or deficit in the period of the change.
4. The inventories Paragraph referred to 3(a) are
measured at net realizable value at certain stages of production. This occurs,
for example, when agricultural crops have been harvested or minerals have been
extracted and sale is assured under a forward contract or a government
guarantee, or when an active market exists and there is a negligible risk of
failure to sell. These inventories are excluded from only the measurement
requirements of this Standard.
5. Broker-traders are those who buy or sell
commodities for others or on their own account. The inventories Paragraph
referred to 3(b) are principally acquired with the purpose of selling in the
near future and generating a surplus from fluctuations in price or
broker-traders’ margin. When these inventories are measured at fair value less
costs to sell, they are excluded from only the measurement requirements of this
Standard.
Definitions
6. The following terms are used in this Standard
with the meanings specified:
Current replacement cost is the cost the
entity would incur to acquire the asset on the reporting date.
Net realizable value is the estimated
selling price in the ordinary course of operations less the estimated costs of
completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale, exchange or
distribution.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) In the form of materials or supplies to be
consumed in the production process;
(b) In the form of materials or supplies to be
consumed or distributed in the rendering of services;
(c) Held for sale or distribution in the
ordinary course of operations; or
(d) In the process of production for sale or
distribution.
Terms defined in other Vietnam Public Sector
Accounting Standards (VPSASs) are used in this Standard with the same meaning
as in those other Standards.
Net Realizable Value
7. Net realizable value refers to the net amount that
an entity expects to realize from the sale of inventory in the ordinary course
of operations. Fair value reflects the amount for which the same inventory
could be exchanged between knowledgeable and willing buyers and sellers in the
marketplace. The former is an entity-specific value; the latter is not. Net
realizable value for inventories may not equal fair value less costs to sell.
Inventories
8. Inventories encompass goods purchased and held
for resale including, for example, merchandise purchased by an entity and held
for resale, or land and other property held for sale. Inventories also
encompass finished goods produced, or work in progress being produced, by the
entity. Inventories also include materials and supplies awaiting use in the
production process and goods purchased or produced by an entity, which are for
distribution to other parties for no charge or for a nominal charge. In many
public sector entities inventories will relate to the provision of services
rather than goods purchased and held for resale or goods manufactured for sale.
In the case of a service provider, inventories include the costs of the
service, as described in paragraph 24, for which the entity has not yet
recognized the related revenue
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Consumable stores;
(b) Maintenance materials;
(c) Spare parts for plant and equipment other than
those dealt with in Standards on Property, Plant And Equipment;
(d) Strategic stockpiles (for example, energy
reserves);
(e) Stocks of unissued currency;
(f) Postal service supplies held for sale (for
example, stamps);
(g) Work in progress, including:
(i) Educational/training course materials; and
(ii) Client services (for example, auditing
services) where those services are sold at arm’s length prices; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
10. Where the government controls the rights to
create and issue various assets, including postal stamps and currency, these
items of inventory are recognized as inventories for the purposes of this Standard.
They are not reported at face value, but measured in accordance with paragraph
12, that is at their printing or minting cost.
11. When a government maintains strategic
stockpiles of various reserves, such as energy reserves (for example, oil), for
use in emergency or other situations (for example, natural disasters or other
civil defense emergencies), these stockpiles are recognized as inventories for
the purposes of this Standard and treated accordingly.
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Measurement of Inventories
12. Inventories shall be measured at the lower
of cost and net realizable value, except where paragraph 13 or 14 applies.
13. Where inventories are acquired through a
non-exchange transaction, their cost shall be measured at their fair value as at
the date of acquisition.
14. Inventories shall be measured at the lower
of cost and current replacement cost where they are held for:
(a) Distribution at no charge or for a nominal
charge; or
(b) Consumption in the production process of
goods to be distributed at no charge or for a nominal charge.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
15. The cost of inventories shall comprise all
costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition.
Costs of Purchase
16. The costs of purchase of inventories comprise
the purchase price, import duties and other taxes (other than those
subsequently recoverable by the entity from the taxing authorities), and
transport, handling and other costs directly attributable to the acquisition of
finished goods, materials and supplies. Trade discounts, rebates and other
similar items are deducted in determining the costs of purchase.
Costs of Conversion
17. The costs of converting work-in-progress
inventories into finished goods inventories are incurred primarily in a
manufacturing environment. The costs of conversion of inventories include costs
directly related to the units of production, such as direct labor. They also
include a systematic allocation of fixed and variable production overheads that
are incurred in converting materials into finished goods. Fixed production
overheads are those indirect costs of production that remain relatively
constant regardless of the volume of production, such as depreciation and
maintenance of factory buildings and equipment, and the cost of factory
management and administration. Variable production overheads are those indirect
costs of production that vary directly, or nearly directly, with the volume of
production, such as indirect materials and indirect labor.
18. The allocation of fixed production overheads to
the costs of conversion is based on the normal capacity of the production
facilities. Normal capacity is the production expected to be achieved on
average over a number of periods or seasons under normal circumstances, taking
into account the loss of capacity resulting from planned maintenance. The
actual level of production may be used if it approximates normal capacity. The
amount of fixed overhead allocated to each unit of production is not increased
as a consequence of low production or idle plant. Unallocated overheads are
recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. In periods
of abnormally high production, the amount of fixed overhead allocated to each unit
of production is decreased so that inventories are not measured above cost.
Variable production overheads are allocated to each unit of production on the
basis of the actual use of the production facilities.
19. A production process may result in more than
one product being produced simultaneously. This is the case, for example, when
joint products are produced or when there is a main product and a by-product.
When the costs of conversion of each product are not separately identifiable,
they are allocated between the products on a rational and consistent basis. The
allocation may be based, for example, on the relative sales value of each
product either at the stage in the production process when the products become
separately identifiable, or at the completion of production. Most by-products,
by their nature, are immaterial. When this is the case, they are often measured
at net realizable value and this value is deducted from the cost of the main
product. As a result, the carrying amount of the main product is not materially
different from its cost.
Other Costs
20. Other costs are included in the cost of
inventories only to the extent that they are incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition. For example, it may be
appropriate to include non-production overheads or the costs of designing
products for specific customers in the cost of inventories.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) Abnormal amounts of wasted materials, labor, or
other production costs;
(b) Storage costs, unless those costs are necessary
in the production process before a further production stage;
(c) Administrative overheads that do not contribute
to bringing inventories to their present location and condition; and
(d) Selling costs.
22. VPSAS regarding borrowing costs identifies
limited circumstances where borrowing costs are included in the cost of
inventories.
23. An entity may purchase inventories on deferred
settlement terms. When the arrangement effectively contains a financing
element, that element, for example a difference between the purchase price for
normal credit terms and the amount paid, is recognized as interest expense over
the period of the financing.
Cost of Inventories of a Service Provider
24. To the extent that service providers have
inventories except those Paragraph referred to 2(d), they measure them at the
costs of their production. These costs consist primarily of the labor and other
costs of personnel directly engaged in providing the service, including
supervisory personnel, and attributable overheads. The costs of labor not
engaged in providing the service are not included. Labor and other costs
relating to sales and general administrative personnel are not included but are
recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. The cost of
inventories of a service provider does not include surplus margins or
non-attributable overheads that are often factored into prices charged by
service providers.
Cost of Agricultural Produce Harvested from
Biological assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Techniques for the Measurement of Cost
26. Techniques for the measurement of the cost of
inventories, such as the standard cost method or the retail method, may be used
for convenience if the results approximate cost. Standard costs take into
account normal levels of materials and supplies, labor, efficiency and capacity
utilization. They are regularly reviewed and, if necessary, revised in the
light of current conditions.
27. Inventories may be transferred to the entity by
means of a non-exchange transaction. For example, an international aid agency
may donate medical supplies to a public hospital in the aftermath of a natural
disaster. Under such circumstances, the cost of inventory is its fair value as
at the date it is acquired.
Cost Formulas
28. The cost of inventories of items that are
not ordinarily interchangeable and goods or services produced and segregated
for specific projects shall be assigned by using specific identification of
their individual costs.
29. Specific identification of costs means that
specific costs are attributed to identified items of inventory. This is an
appropriate treatment for items that are segregated for a specific project,
regardless of whether they have been bought or produced. However, specific
identification of costs is inappropriate when there are large numbers of items
of inventory which are ordinarily interchangeable. such circumstances, the
method of selecting those items that remain in inventories could be used to
obtain predetermined effects on the net surplus or deficit for the period.
30. When applying paragraph 29 an entity shall
use the same cost formula for all inventories having similar nature and use to
the entity. For inventories with different nature or use (for example, certain
commodities used in one segment and the same type of commodities used in
another segment), different cost formulas may be justified. A difference in
geographical location of inventories (and in the respective tax rules), by
itself, is not sufficient to justify the use of different cost formulas.
31. The cost of inventories, other than those
dealt with in paragraph 28, shall be assigned by using the first-in, first-out
(FIFO) or weighted average cost formulas. An entity shall use the same cost
formula for all inventories having a similar nature and use to the entity. For
inventories with a different nature or use, different cost formulas may be
justified.
32. For example, inventories used in one segment
may have a use to the entity different from the same type of inventories used
in another segment. However, a difference in geographical location of
inventories, by itself, is not sufficient to justify the use of different cost
formulas.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Net Realizable Value
34. The cost of inventories may not be recoverable
if those inventories are damaged, if they have become wholly or partially
obsolete, or if their selling prices have declined. The cost of inventories may
also not be recoverable if the estimated costs of completion or the estimated
costs to be incurred to make the sale, exchange or distribution have increased.
The practice of writing inventories down below cost to net realizable value is
consistent with the view that assets are not to be carried in excess of the
future economic benefits or service potential expected to be realized from
their sale, exchange, distribution or use.
35. Inventories are usually written down to net
realizable value on an item by item basis. In some circumstances, however, it
may be appropriate to group similar or related items. This may be the case with
items of inventory that have similar purposes or end uses and cannot
practicably be evaluated separately from other items in that product line. It
is not appropriate to write-down inventories based on a classification of
inventory, for example, finished goods, or all the inventories in a particular
operation or geographical segment. Service providers generally accumulate costs
in respect of each service for which a separate selling price is charged.
Therefore, each such service is treated as a separate item.
36. Estimates of net realizable value also take
into consideration the purpose for which the inventory is held. For example,
the net realizable value of the quantity of inventory held to satisfy firm
sales or service contracts is based on the contract price. If the sales
contracts are for less than the inventory quantities held, the net realizable
value of the excess is based on general selling prices. Guidance on the
treatment of provisions or contingent liabilities, such as those arising from
firm sales contracts in excess of inventory quantities held, and on firm
purchase contracts can be found in VPSAS 19 regarding provisions, contingent
liabilities and contingent assets.
37. Materials and other supplies held for use in
the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished
products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold, exchanged
or distributed at or above cost. However, when a decline in the price of
materials indicates that the cost of the finished products exceeds net
realizable value, the materials are written down to net realizable value. In
such circumstances, the replacement cost of the materials may be the best
available measure of their net realizable value.
38. A new assessment is made of net realizable
value in each subsequent period. When the circumstances that previously caused
inventories to be written down below cost no longer exist or when there is
clear evidence of an increase in net realizable value because of changed
economic circumstances, the amount of the write-down is reversed (i.e., the
reversal is limited to the amount of the original write-down) so that the new
carrying amount is the lower of the cost and the revised net realizable value.
This occurs, for example, when an item of inventory, that is carried at net
realizable value, because its selling price has declined, is still on hand in a
subsequent period and its selling price has increased.
Distributing Goods at No Charge or for a Nominal
Charge
39. A public sector entity may hold inventories
whose future economic benefits or service potential are not directly related to
their ability to generate net cash inflows. These types of inventories may
arise when a government has determined to distribute certain goods at no charge
or for a nominal amount. In these cases, the future economic benefits or
service potential of the inventory for financial reporting purposes is
reflected by the amount the entity would need to pay to acquire the economic
benefits or service potential if this was necessary to achieve the objectives
of the entity. Where the economic benefits or service potential cannot be
acquired in the market, an estimate of replacement cost will need to be made.
If the purpose for which the inventory is held changes, then the inventory is
valued using the provisions of paragraph 12.
Recognition as an Expense
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
41. For a service provider, the point when
inventories are recognized as expenses normally occurs when services are
rendered, or upon billing for chargeable services.
42. Some inventories may be allocated to other
asset accounts, for example, inventory used as a component of self-constructed
property, plant or equipment. Inventories allocated to another asset in this
way are recognized as an expense during the useful life of that asset.
Disclosure
43. The financial statements shall disclose:
(a) The accounting policies adopted in measuring
inventories, including the cost formula used;
(b) The total carrying amount of inventories and
the carrying amount in classifications appropriate to the entity;
(c) The carrying amount of inventories carried
at fair value less costs to sell;
(d) The amount of inventories recognized as an
expense during the period;
(e) The amount of any write-down of inventories recognized
as an expense in the period in accordance with paragraph 40;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(g) The circumstances or events that led to the
reversal of a write-down of inventories in accordance with paragraph 40; and
(h) The carrying amount of inventories pledged
as security for liabilities.
44. Information about the carrying amounts held in
different classifications of inventories and the extent of the changes in these
assets is useful to financial statement users. Common classifications of
inventories are merchandise, production supplies, materials, work in progress
and finished goods. The inventories of a service provider may be described as
work in progress.
45. The amount of inventories recognized as an
expense during the period consists of those costs previously included in the
measurement of inventory that has now been sold, exchanged or distributed, and
unallocated production overheads and abnormal amounts of production costs of
inventories. The circumstances of the entity may also warrant the inclusion of
other costs, such as distribution costs.
46. Some entities adopt a format for surplus or
deficit that results in amounts being disclosed other than the cost of
inventories recognized as an expense during the period. Under this format, an
entity presents an analysis of expenses using a classification based on the
nature of expenses. In this case, the entity discloses the costs recognized as
an expense for raw materials and consumables, labor costs and other costs
together with the amount of the net change in inventories for the period.
Reference of
paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to paragraphs in IPSASs
Paragraph VPSAS
12
Paragraph IPSAS
12
1
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
2
2
3
3
4
7
5
8
6
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
7
10
8
11
9
12
10
13
11
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
12
15
13
16
14
17
15
18
16
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
17
20
18
21
19
23
20
24
21
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
22
26
23
27
24
28
25
29
26
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
27
31
28
32
29
33
30
34
31
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
32
36
33
37
34
38
35
39
36
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
37
41
38
42
39
43
40
44
41
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
42
46
43
47
44
48
45
49
46
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
APPENDIX 04
VPSAS 17 - PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
(Issued together with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of
the Minister of Finance)
INTRODUCTION
The Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) are compiled by the Accounting Public Sector Standard Drafting Board
affiliated to the Ministry of Finance to ensure compliance with accounting
international practices and in conformity with actual circumstances of Vietnam.
Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs) have the same reference
number with equivalent International Public Sector Accounting Standards
(IPSASs).
VPSAS 17 “Inventories” is compiled based on IPSAS
17 “Inventories” and current regulations on financial regime and budgets of
Vietnam. VPSAS 17 sets out provisions in accordance with applicable legislation
of Vietnam and regulations to be amended in the coming time. VPSAS 17 does not
set out any provision of IPSAS 17 not conformity with the finance and budget
regime in a long term, any addition shall be made in line with actual
circumstances from time to time.
The IPSAS 17 that prevails is the version issued in
2001, amended in accordance with other international public sector accounting
standards up December 31, 2018, issued by International Public Sector
Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB).
VPSAS 17 reorganizes the number order of paragraphs
compared to the IPSAS. For comparison purpose, a table of reference of
paragraphs in VPSAS and paragraphs in IPSAS is issued together with this
Standard. In respect of contents relevant to other issued VPSASs, VPSAS 17
recites their reference numbers and names. In respect of contents of VPSASs
that have not been issued, this Standard only recites the name or relevant
content to be referred to, not the reference number, of these VPSASs as in
VPSAS 17. The specific recitation of the reference number and name of these
VPSASs shall be done later when they have been issued.
Until the issue date of VPSAS 17 (2021), the
relevant standards below have been not issued:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Name of public
sector accounting standard
Paragraph
referred to
1
Leases
5, 36, 59, 61
2
Investment Property
6
3
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
30, 32
4
Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting
Estimates and Errors
40, 55
5
Revenue from Exchange Transactions
60, 61, 64
6
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
VPSAS 17 -
PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
Process of issue,
amendments to VPSAS 17
(hereinafter referred to as Standard)
The first version of VPSAS 17 is issued together
with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the Minister of
Finance.
This Standard comes into force as of September 1,
2021 and applies from September 1, 2021.
Standards with the same effect, include:
- VPSAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements;
- VPSAS 2: Cash Flow Statement;
- VPSAS 12: Inventories;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
VPSAS 17 -
PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
CONTENTS
Contents of VPSAS
17 “Property, Plant and Equipment” are presented from paragraphs 1 through 70.
Every paragraph have the same validity.
Paragraph
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Objectives
Scope
Heritage Assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Recognition
Infrastructure Assets
Initial Costs
Subsequent Costs
Measurement at Recognition
Elements of Cost
Measurement of cost
Measurement after Recognition
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Depreciation Amount and Depreciation Period
Depreciation Method
Derecognition
Disclosure
1-11
1
2-10
7-10
11
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
12-20
16
17
18-20
21-36
24-31
32-36
37-58
38-58
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
54-57
58-64
65-69
Reference of paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to
paragraphs in IPSASs
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Objective
1. The objective of this Standard is to prescribe the
accounting treatment for property, plant and equipment so that users of
financial statements can discern information about an entity’s investment in
its property, plant and equipment and the changes in such investment. The
principal issues in accounting for property, plant and equipment are the
recognition of the assets, the determination of their carrying amounts and the
depreciation charges and impairment losses to be recognized in relation to
them.
Scope
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) When a different accounting treatment has
been adopted in accordance with another International Public Sector Accounting
Standard; and
(b) In respect of heritage assets. However, the
disclosure requirements of paragraphs 66, 67 apply to those heritage assets
that are recognized.
3. This Standard applies to property, plant and
equipment including:
(a) Infrastructure assets; and
(b) Service concession arrangement assets after
initial recognition and measurement in accordance with IPSAS 32, Service
Concession Arrangements: Grantor.
4. This Standard does not apply to:
(a) Biological assets related to agricultural
activity other than bearer plants. This Standard applies to bearer plants but
does not apply to the produce on bearer plants;
(b) Mineral rights and mineral reserves such
as oil, natural gas and similar non-regenerative resources.
However, this Standard applies to property, plant
and equipment used to develop or maintain the assets described in 4(a) or 4(b).
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
6. An entity using the cost model for investment
property in accordance with IPSAS 16, Investment Property shall use the cost
model in this Standard.
Heritage Assets
7. This Standard does not require an entity to
recognize heritage assets that would otherwise meet the definition of, and
recognition criteria for, property, plant and equipment. If an entity does
recognize heritage assets, it must apply the disclosure requirements of this
Standard and may, but is not required to, apply the measurement requirements of
this Standard.
8. Some assets are described as heritage assets
because of their cultural, environmental or historical significance. Examples
of heritage assets include historical buildings and monuments, archaeological
sites, antiques, national treasures, work displays in museums, relics,
conservation areas and nature reserves, and works of art. Certain
characteristics, including the following, are often displayed by heritage
assets (although these characteristics are not exclusive to such assets):
(a) Their value in cultural, environmental,
educational and historical terms is unlikely to be fully reflected in a
financial value based purely on a market price;
(b) Legal and/or statutory obligations may impose
prohibitions or severe restrictions on disposal by sale;
(c) They are often irreplaceable and their value
may increase over time even if their physical condition deteriorates; and
(d) It may be difficult to estimate their useful
lives, which in some cases could be several hundred years.
Public sector entities may have large holdings of
heritage assets that have been acquired over many years and by various means,
including purchase, donation, bequest and sequestration. These assets are
rarely held for their ability to generate cash inflows, and there may be legal
or social obstacles to using them for such purposes.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
10. The disclosure requirements in paragraphs 66 to
70 require entities to make disclosures about recognized assets. Therefore,
entities that recognize heritage assets are required to disclose in respect of
those assets such matters as, for example:
(a) The measurement basis used;
(b) The depreciation method used, if any;
(c) The gross carrying amount;
(d) The accumulated depreciation at the end of the
period, if any; and
(e) A reconciliation of the carrying amount at the
beginning and end of the period showing certain components thereof.
Definitions
11. The following terms are used in this
Standard with the meanings specified:
Property, plant and equipment are tangible items
that:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) Are expected to be used during more than one
reporting period.
A bearer plant is a living plant that:
(a) Is used in the production or supply of
agricultural produce;
(b) Is expected to bear produce for more than
one period; and
(c) Has a remote likelihood of being sold as
agricultural produce, except for incidental scrap sales.
Carrying amount (for the purpose of this
Standard) is the amount at which an asset is recognized after deducting any
accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.
Depreciable amount is the cost of an
asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value.
The residual value of an asset is the
estimated amount that an entity would currently obtain from disposal of the
asset, after deducting the estimated costs of disposal, if the asset were
already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life.
Depreciation is the systematic allocation
of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
A service concession asset: is an
asset used to provide public services in a service concession arrangement that:
(a) Is provided by the operator which:
(i) The operator constructs, develops, or
acquires from a third party; or
(ii) Is an existing asset of the operator.
(b) Is provided by the grantor which:
(i) Is an existing asset of the grantor; or
(ii) Is an upgrade to an existing asset of the
grantor.
A service concession arrangement is a
binding arrangement between a grantor and an operator in which:
(a) The operator uses the service concession
asset to provide a public service on behalf of the grantor for a specified
period of time; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Useful life is:
(a) The period over which an asset is expected
to be available for use by an entity; or
(b) The number of production or similar units
expected to be obtained from the asset by an entity.
Terms defined in other Vietnamese Public Sector
Accounting Standards are used in this Standard with the same meaning as in
those other Standards.
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Recognition
12. The cost of an item of property, plant and
equipment shall be recognized as an asset if, and only if:
(a) It is probable that future economic benefits
or service potential associated with the item will flow to the entity; and
(b) The cost or fair value of the item can be
measured reliably.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
14. This standard does not prescribe the unit of
measure for recognition, i.e., what constitutes an item of property, plant and
equipment. Thus, judgment is required in applying the recognition criteria to
an entity’s specific circumstances. It may be appropriate to aggregate
individually insignificant items, such as library books, computer peripherals
and small items of equipment, and to apply the criteria to the aggregate value.
15. An entity evaluates under this recognition
principle all its property, plant and equipment costs at the time they are
incurred. These costs include costs incurred initially to acquire or construct
an item of property, plant and equipment and costs incurred subsequently to add
to, replace part of, or service it.
Infrastructure Assets
16. Some assets are commonly described as
infrastructure assets. These assets usually display some or all of the
following characteristics:
(a) They are part of a system or network;
(b) They are specialized in nature and do not have
alternative uses;
(c) They are immovable; and
(d) They may be subject to constraints on disposal.
Although ownership of infrastructure assets is not
confined to entities in the public sector, significant infrastructure assets
are frequently found in the public sector. Infrastructure assets meet the
definition of property, plant and equipment and should be accounted for in
accordance with this Standard. Examples of infrastructure assets include: road
system, airport and airfield system, railway system, maritime system, inland
waterway system, irrigation works system, industrial zone infrastructure,
export-processing zones, commerce infrastructure, sewer systems, water and
power supply systems and communication networks.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
17. Items of property, plant and equipment may be
required for safety or environmental reasons. The acquisition of such property,
plant and equipment, although not directly increasing the future economic
benefits or service potential of any particular existing item of property,
plant and equipment, may be necessary for an entity to obtain the future
economic benefits or service potential from its other assets.
Such items of property, plant and equipment qualify
for recognition as assets because they enable an entity to derive future
economic benefits or service potential from related assets in excess of what
could be derived had those items not been acquired. For example, fire safety
regulations may require a hospital to retro-fit new sprinkler systems. These enhancements
are recognized as an asset because without them the entity is unable to operate
the hospital in accordance with the regulations.
Subsequent Costs
18. Under the recognition principle in paragraph 12,
an entity does not recognize in the carrying amount of an item of property,
plant and equipment the costs of the day-to-day servicing of the item. Rather,
these costs are recognized in surplus or deficit as incurred. Costs of
day-to-day servicing are primarily the costs of labor and consumables, and may
include the cost of small parts. The purpose of these expenditures is often
described as for the “repairs and maintenance” of the item of property, plant
and equipment.
19. Parts of some items of property, plant and
equipment may require replacement at regular intervals. For example, a road may
need resurfacing every few years. Items of property, plant and equipment may
also be required to make a less frequently recurring replacement, such as
replacing the interior walls of a building, or to make a non-recurring
replacement. Under the recognition principle in paragraph 12, an entity
recognizes in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment
the cost of replacing part of such an item when that cost is incurred if the
recognition criteria are met. The carrying amount of those parts that are
replaced is derecognized in accordance with the derecognition provisions of
this Standard (see paragraphs 59-65).
20. A condition of continuing to operate an item of
property, plant and equipment may be performing regular major inspections for
faults regardless of whether parts of the item are replaced. When each major
inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the
item of property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition
criteria are satisfied. Any remaining carrying amount of the cost of previous
inspection (as distinct from physical parts) is derecognized. This occurs
regardless of whether the cost of the previous inspection was identified in the
transaction in which the item was acquired or constructed. If necessary, the
estimated cost of a future similar inspection may be used as an indication of
what the cost of the existing inspection component was when the item was
acquired or constructed.
Measurement at Recognition
21. An item of property, plant and equipment
that qualifies for recognition as an asset shall be measured at its cost.
22. Where an asset is acquired through a
non-exchange transaction, its cost shall be measured at its fair value as at
the date of acquisition.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Elements of Cost
24. The cost of an item of property, plant and
equipment comprises:
(a) Its purchase price, including import duties and
non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.
(b) Any costs directly attributable to bringing the
asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating
in the manner intended by management.
(c) The initial estimate of the costs of
dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is
located, the obligation for which an entity incurs either when the item is
acquired or as a consequence of having used the item during a particular period
for purposes other than to produce inventories during that period.
25. Examples of directly attributable costs are:
(a) Costs of employee benefits (as defined in the
relevant international or national accounting standard dealing with employee
benefits) arising directly from the construction or acquisition of the item of
property, plant and equipment;
(b) Costs of site preparation;
(c) Initial delivery and handling costs;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(e) Costs of testing whether the asset is
functioning properly, after deducting the net proceeds from selling any items
produced while bringing the asset to that location and condition (such as
samples produced when testing equipment); and
(f) Professional fees.
26. An entity applies VPSAS 12, “Inventories,” to
the costs of obligations for dismantling, removing and restoring the site on
which an item is located that are incurred during a particular period as a
consequence of having used the item to produce inventories during that period.
The obligations for costs accounted for in accordance with VPSAS 12 and VPSAS
17 are recognized and measured in accordance with VPSAS 19, “Provisions,
Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.”
27. Examples of costs that are not costs of an item
of property, plant and equipment are:
(a) Costs of opening a new facility;
(b) Costs of introducing a new product or service
(including costs of advertising and promotional activities);
(c) Costs of conducting business in a new location
or with a new class of customers (including costs of staff training); and
(d) Administration and other general overhead
costs.
28. Recognition of costs in the carrying amount of
an item of property, plant and equipment ceases when the item is in the
location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the
manner intended by management. Therefore, costs incurred in using or
redeploying an item are not included in the carrying amount of that item. For
example, the following costs are not included in the carrying amount of an item
of property, plant and equipment:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) Initial operating losses, such as those
incurred while demand for the item’s output builds up; and
(c) Costs of relocating or reorganizing part or all
of the entity’s operations.
29. Some operations occur in connection with the
construction or development of an item of property, plant and equipment, but
are not necessary to bring the item to the location and condition necessary for
it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. These
incidental operations may occur before or during the construction or
development activities. For example, revenue may be earned through using a
building site as a car park until construction starts. Because incidental
operations are not necessary to bring an item to the location and condition
necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by
management, the revenue and related expenses of incidental operations are
recognized in surplus or deficit, and included in their respective
classifications of revenue and expense.
30. The cost of a self-constructed asset is
determined using the same principles as for an acquired asset. If an entity
makes similar assets for sale in the normal course of operations, the cost of
the asset is usually the same as the cost of constructing an asset for sale
(see VPSAS 12, “Inventories”). Therefore, any internal surpluses are eliminated
in arriving at such costs. Similarly, the cost of abnormal amounts of wasted
material, labor, or other resources incurred in self-constructing an asset is
not included in the cost of the asset. VPSAS 5, “Borrowing Costs” establishes
criteria for the recognition of interest as a component of the carrying amount
of a self-constructed item of property, plant and equipment.
31. Bearer plants are accounted for in the same way
as self-constructed items of property, plant, and equipment before they are in
the location and condition necessary to be capable of operating in the manner
intended by management. Consequently, references to ‘construction’ in this
Standard should be read as covering activities that are necessary to cultivate
bearer plants before they are in the location and condition necessary to be
capable of operating in the manner intended by management.
Measurement of cost
32. The cost of an item of property, plant and
equipment is the cash price equivalent or, for an item Paragraph referred to
22, its fair value at the recognition date. If payment is deferred beyond
normal credit terms, the difference between the cash price equivalent and the
total payment is recognized as interest over the period of credit unless such
interest is recognized in the carrying amount of the item in accordance with
the allowed alternative treatment in VPSAS 5.
33. One or more items of property, plant and
equipment may be acquired in exchange for a non-monetary asset or assets, or a
combination of monetary and non-monetary assets. The following discussion
refers simply to an exchange of one non-monetary asset for another, but it also
applies to all exchanges described in the preceding sentence. The cost of such
an item of property, plant and equipment is measured at fair value unless (a)
the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance or (b) the fair value of
neither the asset received nor the asset given up is reliably measurable. The
acquired item is measured in this way even if an entity cannot immediately
derecognize the asset given up. If the acquired item is not measured at fair
value, its cost is measured at the carrying amount of the asset given up.
34. An entity determines whether an exchange
transaction has commercial substance by considering the extent to which its
future cash flows or service potential is expected to change as a result of the
transaction. An exchange transaction has commercial substance if:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) The difference in (a) or (b) is significant
relative to the fair value of the assets exchanged.
35. The fair value of an asset for which comparable
market transactions do not exist is reliably measurable if a) the variability
in the range of reasonable fair value estimates is not significant for that
asset or (b) the probabilities of the various estimates within the range can be
reasonably assessed and used in estimating fair value. If an entity is able to
determine reliably the fair value of either the asset received or the asset
given up, then the fair value of the asset given up is used to measure the cost
of the asset received unless the fair value of the asset received is more
clearly evident.
The cost of an item of property, plant and
equipment held by a lessee under a finance lease is determined in accordance
with VPSAS 13, “Leases.”
Measurement after Recognition
37. After recognition as an asset, an item of
property, plant and equipment whose fair value can be measured reliably shall
be carried at a revalued amount, being its fair value at the date of the
revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent
accumulated impairment losses.
Depreciation
38. Each part of an item of property, plant and
equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the
item shall be depreciated separately.
39. An entity allocates the amount initially
recognized in respect of an item of property, plant and equipment to its
significant parts and depreciates separately each such part. For example, in
most cases, it would be required to depreciate separately the pavements,
formation, curbs and channels, footpaths, bridges and lighting within a road
system. Similarly, if an entity acquires property, plant and equipment subject
to an operating lease in which it is the lessor, it may also be appropriate to
depreciate separately amounts reflected in the cost of that item that are
attributable to favorable or unfavorable lease terms relative to market terms.
40. A significant part of an item of property,
plant and equipment may have a useful life and a depreciation method that are
the same as the useful life and the depreciation method of another significant
part of that same item.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
42. An entity may choose to depreciate separately
the parts of an item that do not have a cost that is significant in relation to
the total cost of the item.
43. The depreciation charge for each period
shall be recognized in surplus or deficit unless it is included in the carrying
amount of another asset.
44. The depreciation charge for a period is usually
recognized in surplus or deficit. However, sometimes, the future economic
benefits or service potential embodied in an asset is absorbed in producing
other assets. In this case, the depreciation charge constitutes part of the
cost of the other asset and is included in its carrying amount. For example,
the depreciation of manufacturing plant and equipment is included in the costs
of conversion of inventories (see VPSAS 12). Similarly, depreciation of
property, plant and equipment used for development activities may be included
in the cost of an intangible asset recognized in accordance with the VPSAS 31 “Intangible
Assets”
Depreciation Amount and Depreciation Period
45. The depreciable amount of an asset shall be
allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life.
46. The residual value and the useful life of an
asset shall be reviewed at least at each annual reporting date and, if
expectations differ from previous estimates, the change(s) shall be accounted
for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with VPSAS 3,
“Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.”
47. Depreciation is recognized even if the fair
value of the assets exceeds its carrying amount, as long as the asset’s
residual value does not exceed its carrying amount. Repair and maintenance of
an asset does not negate the need to depreciate it. Conversely, some assets may
be poorly maintained or maintenance may be deferred indefinitely because of
budgetary constraints. Where asset management policies exacerbate the wear and
tear of an asset, its useful life should be reassessed and adjusted
accordingly.
48. The depreciable amount of an asset is
determined after deducting its residual value. In practice, the residual value
of an asset is often insignificant and therefore immaterial in the calculation
of the depreciable amount.
49. The residual value of an asset may increase to
an amount equal to or greater than the asset’s carrying amount. If it does, the
asset’s depreciation charge is zero unless and until its residual value
subsequently decreases to an amount below the asset’s carrying amount.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
51. The future economic benefits or service potential
embodied in an item of property, plant and equipment are consumed by the entity
principally through the use of the asset. However, other factors such as
technical or commercial obsolescence and wear and tear while an asset remains
idle often result in the diminution of the economic benefits or service
potential that might have been obtained from the asset. Consequently, all the
following factors are considered in determining the useful life of an asset:
(a) Expected usage of the asset. Usage is assessed
by reference to the asset’s expected capacity or physical output.
(b) Expected physical wear and tear, which depends
on operational factors such as the number of shifts for which the asset is to
be used and the repair and maintenance program, and the care and maintenance of
the asset while idle.
(c) Technical or commercial obsolescence arising
from changes or improvements in production, or from a change in the market
demand for the product or service output of the asset. Expected future
reductions in the selling price of an item that was produced using an asset
could indicate the expectation of technical or commercial obsolescence of the
asset, which, in turn, might reflect a reduction of the future economic
benefits or service potential embodied in the asset.
(d) Legal or similar limits on the use of the
asset, such as the expiry dates of related leases.
52. The useful life of an asset is defined in terms
of the asset’s expected utility to the entity. The asset management policy of
an entity may involve the disposal of assets after a specified time or after
consumption of a specified proportion of the future economic benefits or
service potential embodied in the asset. Therefore, the useful life of an asset
may be shorter than its economic life. The estimation of the useful life of the
asset is a matter of judgment based on the experience of the entity with
similar assets.
53. Land and buildings are separable assets and are
accounted for separately, even when they are acquired together. Buildings have
a limited useful life and therefore are depreciable assets. An increase in the
value of the land on which a building stands does not affect the determination
of the depreciable amount of the building.
Depreciation Method
54. The depreciation method shall reflect the
pattern in which the asset’s future economic benefits or service potential is
expected to be consumed by the entity.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
A variety of depreciation methods can be used to
allocate the depreciable amount of an asset on a systematic basis over its
useful life. These methods include the straight-line method, the diminishing
balance method and the units of production method. Straight-line depreciation
results in a constant charge over the useful life if the asset’s residual value
does not change. The diminishing balance method results in a decreasing charge
over the useful life. The units of production method results in a charge based
on the expected use or output.
The entity selects the method that most closely
reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits or
service potential embodied in the asset. That method is applied consistently
from period to period unless there is a change in the expected pattern of
consumption of those future economic benefits or service potential.
57. A depreciation method that is based on revenue
that is generated by an activity that includes the use of an asset is not
appropriate. The revenue generated by an activity that includes the use of an
asset generally reflects factors other than the consumption of the economic
benefits or service potential of the asset. For example, revenue is affected by
other inputs and processes, selling activities and changes in sales volumes and
prices. The price component of revenue may be affected by inflation, which has
no bearing upon the way in which an asset is consumed.
Derecognition
58. The carrying amount of an item of property,
plant and equipment shall be derecognized:
(a) On disposal; or
(b) When no future economic benefits or service
potential is expected from its use or disposal.
59. The gain or loss arising from the
derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be included in
surplus or deficit when the item is derecognized (unless VPSAS 13, “Leases”
requires otherwise on a sale and leaseback).
60. However, an entity that, in the course of its
ordinary activities, routinely sells items of property, plant and equipment
that it has held for rental to others shall transfer such assets to inventories
at their carrying amount when they cease to be rented and become held for sale.
The proceeds from the sale of such assets shall be recognized as revenue in
accordance with IPSAS 9, Revenue from Exchange Transactions.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
62. If, under the recognition principle in
paragraph 14, an entity recognizes in the carrying amount of an item of
property, plant and equipment the cost of a replacement for part of the item,
then it derecognizes the carrying amount of the replaced part regardless of
whether the replaced part had been depreciated separately. If it is not
practicable for an entity to determine the carrying amount of the replaced
part, it may use the cost of the replacement as an indication of what the cost
of the replaced part was at the time it was acquired or constructed.
63. The gain or loss arising from the
derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be determined
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds, if any, and the carrying
amount of the item.
64. The consideration receivable on disposal of an
item of property, plant and equipment is recognized initially at its fair
value. If payment for the item is deferred, the consideration received is
recognized initially at the cash price equivalent. The difference between the
nominal amount of the consideration and the cash price equivalent is recognized
as interest revenue in accordance with IPSAS 9 reflecting the effective yield
on the receivable.
Disclosure
65. The financial statements shall disclose, for
each class of property, plant and equipment recognized in the financial
statements:
(a) The measurement bases used for determining
the gross carrying amount;
(b) The depreciation methods used;
(c) The useful lives or the depreciation rates
used;
(d) The gross carrying amount and the
accumulated depreciation (aggregated with accumulated impairment losses) at the
beginning and end of the period; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(i) Additions;
(ii) Acquisitions through entity combinations;
(iii) Disposals;
(iv) Depreciation;
(v) The net exchange differences arising on the
translation of the financial statements from the functional currency into a
different presentation currency, including the translation of a foreign
operation into the presentation currency of the reporting entity; and
(vi) Other changes.
66. The financial statements shall also disclose
for each class of property, plant and equipment recognized in the financial
statements:
(a) The existence and amounts of restrictions on
title, and property, plant and equipment pledged as securities for liabilities;
(b) The amount of expenditures recognized in the
carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment in the course of
its construction;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
67. Selection of the depreciation method and the
estimation of the useful life of the assets are matters of judgment. Therefore,
disclosure of the methods adopted and the estimated useful lives or
depreciation rates provides users of financial statements with information that
allows them to review the policies selected by management and enables
comparisons to be made with other entities. For similar reasons, it is
necessary to disclose:
(a) Depreciation, whether recognized in surplus or
deficit or as a part of the cost of other assets, during a period; and
(b) Accumulated depreciation at the end of the
period.
68. In accordance with VPSAS 3, an entity discloses
the nature and effect of a change in an accounting estimate that has an effect
in the current period or is expected to have an effect in subsequent periods.
For property, plant and equipment, such disclosure may arise from changes in
estimates with respect to:
(a) Residual values;
(b) The estimated costs of dismantling, removing or
restoring items of property, plant and equipment;
(c) Useful life; and
(d) Depreciation methods.
69. Users of financial statements may also find the
following information relevant to their needs:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) The gross carrying amount of any fully
depreciated property, plant and equipment that is still in use;
(c) The carrying amount of property, plant and equipment
retired from active use and held for disposal.
Reference of
paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to paragraphs in IPSASs
Paragraph of
VPSAS 17
Paragraph of
IPSAS 17
Paragraph of
VPSAS 17
Paragraph of
IPSAS 17
1
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
36
41
2
2
37
43
3
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
38
59
4
6
39
60
5
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
40
61
8
8
41
62
7
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
42
63
8
10
43
64
9
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
44
65
10
12
45
66
11
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
46
67
12
14
47
68
13
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
48
69
14
18
49
70
15
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
50
71
16
21
51
72
17
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
52
73
18
23
53
74
19
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
54
76
20
25
55
77
21
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
56
78
22
27
57
78A
23
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
58
82
24
30
59
83
25
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
60
83A
26
32
61
84
27
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
62
85
28
34
63
86
29
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
64
87
30
36
65
88
31
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
66
89
32
37
67
90
33
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
68
91
34
39
69
94
35
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
APPENDIX 05
VPSAS 31 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS
(Issued together with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the
Ministry of Finance)
INTRODUCTION
The Vietnam Public Sector Accounting Standards
(VPSASs) are compiled by the Accounting Public Sector Standard Drafting Board affiliated
to the Ministry of Finance to ensure compliance with accounting international
practices and in conformity with actual circumstances of Vietnam. Vietnam
Public Sector Accounting Standards (VPSASs) have the same symbol with
equivalent International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs).
VPSAS 31 “Intangible Assets” is compiled based on
IPSAS 31 “Intangible Assets” and current regulations on financial regime and
budgets of Vietnam. VPSAS 31 sets out provisions in accordance with applicable
legislation of Vietnam and regulations to be amended in the coming time. VPSAS
31 does not set out any provision of IPSAS 31 not conformity with the finance
and budget regime in a long term, any addition shall be made in line with
actual circumstances from time to time.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
VPSAS 31 reorganizes the number order of paragraphs
compared to the IPSAS. For comparison purpose, a table of reference of
paragraphs in VPSAS and paragraphs in IPSAS is issued together with this
Standard. In respect of contents relevant to other issued VPSASs, VPSAS 31
recites their reference numbers and names. In respect of contents of VPSASs
that have not been issued, this Standard only recites the name or relevant
content to be referred to, not the reference number, of these VPSASs as in
VPSAS 31. The specific recitation of the reference number and name of these
VPSASs shall be done later when they have been issued.
Until the issue date of VPSAS 31 (2021), the
relevant standards below have been not issued:
No.
Name of public
sector accounting standard
Paragraph
referred to
1
Financial Instruments: Presentation
3(b); 4(d)
2
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
4(a)
3
Leases
4(b); 7; 96; 97
4
Employee Benefits
4(c); 35(a); 63(b)
5
Service Concession Assets: Grantor
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
6
Separate Financial Statement
(d)
7
Consolidated Financial Statement
4(d)
8
Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
4(d)
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Borrowing Costs
39; 63
10
Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting
Estimates and Errors
88; 94; 103
11
Revenue from Exchange Transactions
97; 99
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Process of issue,
amendments to VPSAS 31
(hereinafter referred to as Standard)
The first version of VPSAS 31 is issued together
with Decision No. 1676/QD-BTC dated September 1, 2021 of the Minister of
Finance.
This Standard comes into force as of September 1,
2021 and applies from September 1, 2021.
Standards with the same effect, include:
- VPSAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements;
- VPSAS 2: Cash Flow Statement;
- VPSAS 12: Inventories;
- VPSAS 17: Property, Plant and Equipment.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Contents of VPSAS
31 “Intangible Assets” are presented from paragraphs 1 through 108. Every
paragraph have the same validity.
Paragraph
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Objective
Scope
Intangible Heritage Assets
Definitions
Intangible Assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Control of an Asset
Future Economic Benefits or Service Potential
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Recognition and Measurement
Separate Acquisition
Subsequent Expenditure on an Acquired In-process
Research and Development Project
Intangible Assets Acquired through Non-Exchange
Transactions
Exchanges of Assets
Internally Generated Goodwill
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Research Phase
Development Phase
Cost of an Internally Generated Intangible
Asset
Recognition as an Expense
Past Expenses not to be Recognized as an Asset
Subsequent Measurement
Useful life
Intangible Assets with Finite Useful Lives
Amortization Period and Amortization Method
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Review of Amortization Period and Amortization
Method
Intangible Assets with Indefinite Useful Lives
Review of Useful Life Assessment
Retirements and Disposals
Disclosure
General
Research and Development Expenditure
Other Information
Application Guidance
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
1
2-13
9-13
14-23
15-23
16-18
19-22
23
24-108
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
32-39
40-41
42-43
44-45
46-48
52-54
55-61
62-64
65-69
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
70
71-79
80-92
80-85
86-89
90-92
93-94
94
95-100
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
101-105
106-107
108
Reference of paragraphs in VPSASs equivalent to
paragraphs in IPSASs
I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Objectives
1. The objective of this Standard is to prescribe
the accounting treatment for intangible assets that are not dealt with
specifically in another Standard. This Standard requires an entity to recognize
an intangible asset if, and only if, specified criteria are met. The Standard
also specifies how to measure the carrying amount of intangible assets, and
requires specified disclosures about intangible assets.
Scope
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
3. This Standard shall be applied in accounting
for intangible assets, except:
(a) Intangible assets that are within the scope
of another Standard;
(b) Financial assets;
(c) The recognition and measurement of
exploration and evaluation of mineral resources;
(d) Expenditure on the development and
extraction of minerals, oil, natural gas and similar non-regenerative
resources;
(e) Powers and rights conferred by legislation,
a constitution, or by equivalent means;
(f) Deferred tax assets;
(g) In respect of intangible heritage assets.
However, the disclosure requirements of paragraphs 101–108 apply to those
heritage assets that are recognized.
4. If another VPSAS prescribes the accounting for a
specific type of intangible asset, an entity applies that VPSAS instead of this
Standard. For example, this Standard does not apply to:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) Leases that are within the scope of VPSAS 13,
Leases;
(c) Assets arising from employee benefits (see
VPSAS 25, Employee Benefits);
(d) Financial assets as defined in VPSAS 28
“Financial Instruments: Presentation”. The recognition and measurement of some
financial assets are covered by VPSAS 6, Consolidated and Separate Financial
Statements, VPSAS 7, Investments in Associates, and VPSAS 8, Interests in Joint
Ventures; and
(e) Recognition and initial measurement of
service concession assets that are within the scope of VPSAS 32, Service
Concession Assets: Grantor. However, this Standard applies to the subsequent
measurement and disclosure of such assets.
5. Some intangible assets may be contained in or on
a physical substance such as a compact disc (in the case of computer software),
legal documentation (in the case of a licence or patent), or film. In
determining whether an asset that incorporates both intangible and tangible
elements should be treated under VPSAS 17, Property, Plant, and Equipment, or
as an intangible asset under this Standard, an entity uses judgement to assess
which element is more significant. For example, the navigation software for a
fighter aircraft is integral to the aircraft and is treated as property, plant
and equipment. The same applies to the operating system of a computer. When the
software is not an integral part of the related hardware, computer software is
treated as an intangible asset.
6. This Standard applies to, among other things,
expenditure on advertising, training, start-up, research, and development
activities. Research and development activities are directed to the development
of knowledge. Therefore, although these activities may result in an asset with
physical substance (e.g., a prototype), the physical element of the asset is
secondary to its intangible component, i.e., the knowledge embodied in it.
7. In the case of a finance lease, the underlying
asset may be either tangible or intangible. After initial recognition, a lessee
accounts for an intangible asset held under a finance lease in accordance with
this Standard. Rights under licensing agreements for items such as motion
picture films, video recordings, plays, manuscripts, patents, and copyrights
are excluded from the scope of VPSAS 13 and are within the scope of this
Standard.
8. Exclusions from the scope of a Standard may
occur if activities or transactions are so specialized that they give rise to
accounting issues that may need to be dealt with in a different way.
Intangible Heritage Assets
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
10. Some intangible assets are described as
intangible heritage assets because of their cultural, environmental, or
historical significance. Examples of intangible heritage assets include
recordings of significant historical events and rights to use the likeness of a
significant public person on, for example, postage stamps or collectible coins.
Certain characteristics, including the following, are often displayed by
intangible heritage assets (although these characteristics are not exclusive to
such assets):
(a) Their value in cultural, environmental, and
historical terms is unlikely to be fully reflected in a financial value based
purely on a market price;
(b) Legal and/or statutory obligations may impose
prohibitions or severe restrictions on disposal by sale;
(c) Their value may increase over time; and
(d) It may be difficult to estimate their useful
lives, which in some cases could be several hundred years.
11. Public sector entities may have large holdings
of intangible heritage assets that have been acquired over many years and by
various means, including purchase, donation, bequest, and sequestration. These
assets are rarely held for their ability to generate cash inflows, and there
may be legal or social obstacles to using them for such purposes.
12. Some intangible heritage assets have future
economic benefits or service potential other than their heritage value, for
example, royalties paid to the entity for use of an historical recording. In
these cases, an intangible heritage asset may be recognized and measured on the
same basis as other items of cash-generating intangible assets. For other
intangible heritage assets, their future economic benefit or service potential
is limited to their heritage characteristics. The existence of both future
economic benefits and service potential can affect the choice of measurement
base.
13. The disclosure requirements in paragraphs
101–105 require entities to make disclosures about recognized intangible
assets. Therefore, entities that recognize intangible heritage assets are required
to disclose in respect of those assets such matters as, for example:
(a) The measurement basis used;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(c) The gross carrying amount;
(d) The accumulated depreciation at the end of the
period, if any; and
(e) A reconciliation of the carrying amount at the
beginning and end of the period showing certain components thereof.
Definitions
14. The following terms are used in this
Standard with the meanings specified:
Carrying amount is the amount at which an
asset is recognized after deducting any accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses.
Depreciation is the systematic allocation
of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.
Research is original and planned
investigation undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or
technical knowledge and understanding.
An intangible asset is an identifiable
non-monetary asset without physical substance.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Terms defined in other Vietnamese Public Sector
Accounting Standards are used in this Standard with the same meaning as in
those other Standards.
Intangible Assets
15. Entities frequently expend resources, or incur
liabilities, on the acquisition, development, maintenance, or enhancement of
intangible resources such as scientific or technical knowledge, design and
implementation of new processes, or systems, licenses, intellectual property,
and trademarks (including brand names and publishing titles). Common examples
of items encompassed by these broad headings are computer software, patents,
copyrights, motion picture films, lists of users of a service, acquired fishing
licenses, acquired import quotas, and relationships with users of a service.
Identifiability
16. Not all the items described in paragraph 15
meet the definition of an intangible asset, i.e., identifiability, control over
a resource, and existence of future economic benefits or service potential. If
an item within the scope of this Standard does not meet the definition of an
intangible asset, expenditure to acquire it or generate it internally is
recognized as an expense when it is incurred.
17. An asset is identifiable if it either:
(a) Is separable, i.e., is capable of being
separated or divided from the entity and sold, transferred, licensed, rented,
or exchanged, either individually or together with a related contract,
identifiable asset or liability, regardless of whether the entity intends to do
so; or
(b) Arises from binding arrangements (including
rights from contracts or other legal rights), regardless of whether those rights
are transferable or separable from the entity or from other rights and
obligations.
18. For the purposes of this Standard, a binding
arrangement describes an arrangement that confers similar rights and
obligations on the parties to it as if it were in the form of a contract.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
19. An entity controls an asset if the entity has
the power to obtain the future economic benefits or service potential flowing
from the underlying resource and to restrict the access of others to those
benefits or that service potential. The capacity of an entity to control the
future economic benefits or service potential from an intangible asset would
normally stem from legal rights that are enforceable in a court of law. In the
absence of legal rights, it is more difficult to demonstrate control. However,
legal enforceability of a right is not a necessary condition for control
because an entity may be able to control the future economic benefits or
service potential in some other way.
20. Scientific or technical knowledge may give rise
to future economic benefits or service potential. An entity controls those
benefits or that service potential if, for example, the knowledge is protected
by legal rights such as copyrights, a restraint of trade agreement (where permitted),
or by a legal duty on employees to maintain confidentiality.
21. An entity may have a team of skilled staff and
may be able to identify incremental staff skills leading to future economic
benefits or service potential from training. The entity may also expect that
the staff will continue to make their skills available to the entity. However,
an entity usually has insufficient control over the expected future economic
benefits or service potential arising from a team of skilled staff and from training
for these items to meet the definition of an intangible asset. For a similar
reason, specific management or technical talent is unlikely to meet the
definition of an intangible asset, unless it is protected by legal rights to
use it and to obtain the future economic benefits or service potential expected
from it, and it also meets the other parts of the definition.
22. An entity may have a portfolio of users of its
services or its success rate in reaching intended users of its services and
expect that, because of its efforts in building relationships with users of its
services, those users will continue to use its services. However, in the
absence of legal rights to protect, or other ways to control the relationships
with users of a service or the loyalty of those users, the entity usually has
insufficient control over the expected economic benefits or service potential
from relationships with users of a service and loyalty for such items (e.g.,
portfolio of users of a service, market shares or success rates of a service,
relationships with, and loyalty of, users of a service) to meet the definition
of intangible assets. In the absence of legal rights to protect such
relationships, exchange transactions for the same or similar non-contractual
customer relationships provide evidence that the entity is nonetheless able to
control the expected future economic benefits or service potential flowing from
the relationships with the users of a service. Because such exchange
transactions also provide evidence that the relationships with users of a
service are separable, those relationships meet the definition of an intangible
asset.
Future Economic Benefits or Service Potential
23. The future economic benefits or service
potential flowing from an intangible asset may include revenue from the sale of
products or services, cost savings, or other benefits resulting from the use of
the asset by the entity. For example, the use of intellectual property in a
production or service process may reduce future production or service costs or
improve service delivery rather than increase future revenues (e.g., an on-line
system that allows citizens to renew driving licenses more quickly on-line,
resulting in a reduction in office staff required to perform this function
while increasing the speed of processing).
II. SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
Recognition and Measurement
24. The recognition of an item as an intangible
asset requires an entity to demonstrate that the item meets:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) The recognition criteria (see paragraphs
27–29).
This requirement applies to the cost measured at
recognition (the cost in an exchange transaction or to internally generate an
intangible asset, or the fair value of an intangible asset acquired through a
non-exchange transaction) and those incurred subsequently to add to, replace
part of, or service it.
25. Paragraphs 32–39 deal with the application of
the recognition criteria to separately acquired intangible assets,
Paragraphs 42–43 deal with the initial measurement of intangible assets
acquired through non-exchange transactions, paragraphs 44–45 with exchanges of
intangible assets, and paragraphs 46–48 with the treatment of internally
generated goodwill. Paragraphs 49–64 deal with the initial recognition and
measurement of internally generated intangible assets.
26. The nature of intangible assets is such that,
in many cases, there are no additions to such an asset or replacements of part
of it. Accordingly, most subsequent expenditures are likely to maintain the
expected future economic benefits or service potential embodied in an existing
intangible asset rather than meet the definition of an intangible asset and the
recognition criteria in this Standard. addition, it is often
difficult to attribute subsequent expenditure directly to a particular
intangible asset rather than to the entity’s operations as a whole. Therefore,
only rarely will subsequent expenditure incurred after the initial recognition
of an acquired intangible asset or after completion of an internally generated
intangible asset be recognized in the carrying amount of an asset. Consistent
with paragraph 60, subsequent expenditure on brands, mastheads, publishing
titles, lists users of a service, and items similar in substance (whether
externally acquired or internally generated) is always recognized in surplus or
deficit as incurred. This is because such expenditure cannot be distinguished
from expenditure to develop the entity’s operations as a whole.
27. An intangible asset shall be recognized if,
and only if:
(a) It is probable that future economic benefits
or service potential associated with the item will flow to the entity; and
(b) The cost or fair value of the item can be
measured reliably.
28. An entity shall assess the probability of
expected future economic benefits or service potential using reasonable and
supportable assumptions that represent management’s best estimate of the set of
economic conditions that will exist over the useful life of the asset.
29. An entity uses judgment to assess the degree of
certainty attached to the flow of future economic benefits or service potential
that are attributable to the use of the asset on the basis of the evidence
available at the time of initial recognition, giving greater weight to external
evidence.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
31. Land use right is an intangible asset to be
measured in accordance with the state legislation; the recognition and
disclosure of information shall comply with this Standard.
Separate Acquisition
32. Normally, the price an entity pays to acquire
separately an intangible asset will reflect expectations about the probability
that the expected future economic benefits or service potential embodied in the
asset will flow to the entity. In other words, the entity expects there to be
an inflow of economic benefits or service potential, even if there is
uncertainty about the timing or the amount of the inflow. Therefore, the
probability recognition criterion in paragraph 27(a) is always considered to be
satisfied for separately acquired intangible assets.
33. In addition, the cost of a separately acquired
intangible asset can usually be measured reliably. This is particularly so when
the purchase consideration is in the form of cash or other monetary assets.
34. The cost of a separately acquired intangible
asset comprises:
(a) Its purchase price, including import duties and
non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates; and
(b) Any directly attributable cost of preparing the
asset for its intended use.
35. Examples of directly attributable costs are:
(a) Costs of employee benefits (as defined in VPSAS
25) arising directly from bringing the asset to its working condition;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(c) Costs of testing whether the asset is
functioning properly.
36. Examples of expenditures that are not part of
the cost of an intangible asset are:
(a) Costs of introducing a new product or service
(including costs of advertising and promotional activities);
(b) Costs of conducting operations in a new
location or with a new class of users of a service (including costs of staff
training); and
(c) Administration and other general overhead
costs.
37. Recognition of costs in the carrying amount of
an intangible asset ceases when the asset is in the condition necessary for it
to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Therefore,
costs incurred in using or redeploying an intangible asset are not included in
the carrying amount of that asset. For example, the following costs are not
included in the carrying amount of an intangible asset:
(a) Costs incurred while an asset capable of
operating in the manner intended by management has yet to be brought into use;
and
(b) Initial operating deficits, such as those
incurred while demand for the asset’s output builds up.
38. Some operations occur in connection with the
development of an intangible asset, but are not necessary to bring the asset to
the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner
intended by management. These incidental operations may occur before or during
the development activities. Because incidental operations are not necessary to
bring an asset to the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in
the manner intended by management, the revenue and related expenses of
incidental operations are recognized immediately in surplus or deficit, and
included in their respective classifications of revenue and expense.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Subsequent Expenditure on an Acquired In-process
Research and Development Project
40. The following research or development
expenditure shall be accounted for in accordance with paragraphs 52–59:
(a) Relates to an in-process research or
development project acquired separately and recognized as an intangible asset;
and
(b) Is incurred after the acquisition of that
project;
41. Applying the requirements in paragraphs 52–59
means that subsequent expenditure on an in-process research or development
project acquired separately and recognized as an intangible asset is:
(a) Recognized as an expense when incurred if it is
research expenditure;
(b) Recognized as an expense when incurred if it is
development expenditure that does not satisfy the criteria for recognition as
an intangible asset in paragraph 55; and
(c) Added to the carrying amount of the acquired
in-process research or development project if it is development expenditure
that satisfies the recognition criteria in paragraph 55.
Intangible Assets Acquired through Non-Exchange
Transactions
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
43. Under these circumstances the cost of the item
is its fair value at the date it is acquired.
Exchanges of Assets
44. One or more intangible assets may be acquired
in exchange for a non-monetary asset or assets, or a combination of monetary
and non-monetary assets. The following discussion refers simply to an exchange
of one non-monetary asset for another, but it also applies to all exchanges
described in the preceding sentence. The cost of such an intangible asset is
measured at fair value unless the fair value of neither the asset received nor
the asset given up is reliably measurable. The acquired asset is measured in
this way even if an entity cannot immediately derecognize the asset given up.
If the acquired item is not measured at fair value, its cost is measured at the
carrying amount of the asset given up.
45. Paragraph 27(b) specifies that a condition for
the recognition of an intangible asset is that the cost of the asset can be
measured reliably. The fair value of an intangible asset for which comparable
market transactions do not exist is reliably measurable if:
(a) The variability in the range of reasonable fair
value estimates is not significant for that asset: or
(b) The probabilities of the various estimates
within the range can be reasonably assessed and used in estimating fair value.
If an entity is able to determine reliably the fair
value of either the asset received or the asset given up, then the fair value
of the asset given up is used to measure the cost of the asset received unless
the fair value of the asset received is more clearly evident.
Internally Generated Goodwill
46. Internally generated goodwill shall not be
recognized as an asset.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
48. Differences between the market value of an
entity and the carrying amount of its identifiable net assets at any time may
capture a range of factors that affect the value of the entity. However, such
differences do not represent the cost of intangible assets controlled by the
entity.
Internally Generated Intangible Assets
49. It is sometimes difficult to assess whether an
internally generated intangible asset qualifies for recognition because of
problems in:
(a) Identifying whether and when there is an
identifiable asset that will generate expected future economic benefits or
service potential; and
(b) Determining the cost of the asset reliably. In some
cases, the cost of generating an intangible asset internally cannot be
distinguished from the cost of maintaining or enhancing the entity’s internally
generated goodwill or of running day-to-day operations.
Therefore, in addition to complying with the
general requirements for the recognition and initial measurement of an
intangible asset, an entity applies the requirements and guidance in paragraphs
50–64 to all internally generated intangible assets.
50. To assess whether an internally generated intangible
asset meets the criteria for recognition, an entity classifies the generation
of the asset into:
(a) A research phase; and
(b) A development phase.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
51. If an entity cannot distinguish the research
phase from the development phase of an internal project to create an intangible
asset, the entity treats the expenditure on that project as if it were incurred
in the research phase only.
Research Phase
52. No intangible asset arising from research
(or from the research phase of an internal project) shall be recognized.
Expenditure on research (or on the research phase of an internal project) shall
be recognized as an expense when it is incurred.
53. In the research phase of an internal project,
an entity cannot demonstrate that an intangible asset exists that will generate
probable future economic benefits or service potential. Therefore, this
expenditure is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.
54. Examples of research activities are:
(a) Activities aimed at obtaining new knowledge;
(b) The search for, evaluation and final selection
of, applications of research findings or other knowledge;
(c) The search for alternatives for materials,
devices, products, processes, systems, or services; and
(d) The formulation, design, evaluation, and final
selection of possible alternatives for new or improved materials, devices,
products, processes, systems, or services.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
55. An intangible asset arising from development
(or from the development phase of an internal project) shall be recognized if,
and only if, an entity can demonstrate all of the following:
(a) The technical feasibility of completing the
intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale;
(b) Its intention to complete the intangible
asset and use or sell it;
(c) Its ability to use or sell the intangible
asset;
(d) How the intangible asset will generate
probable future economic benefits or service potential. Among other things, the
entity can demonstrate the existence of a market for the output of the
intangible asset or the intangible asset itself or, if it is to be used
internally, the usefulness of the intangible asset;
(e) The availability of adequate technical,
financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell
the intangible asset; and
(f) Its ability to measure reliably the
expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
56. In the development phase of an internal
project, an entity can, in some instances, identify an intangible asset and
demonstrate that the asset will generate probable future economic benefits or
service potential. This is because the development phase of a project is
further advanced than the research phase.
57. Examples of development activities are:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) The design of tools, jigs, moulds, and dies
involving new technology;
(c) The design, construction, and operation of a
pilot plant or operation that is not of a scale economically feasible for
commercial production or use in providing services;
(d) The design, construction, and testing of a chosen
alternative for new or improved materials, devices, products, processes,
systems, or services; and
(e) Website costs and software development costs.
58. Availability of resources to complete, use, and
obtain the benefits from an intangible asset can be demonstrated by, for
example, an operating plan showing the technical, financial, and other
resources needed and the entity’s ability to secure those resources. In some
cases, an entity demonstrates the availability of external finance by obtaining
a lender’s or funder’s indication of its willingness to fund the plan.
59. An entity’s costing systems can often measure
reliably the cost of generating an intangible asset internally, such as salary
and other expenditure incurred in securing logos, copyrights or licenses, or
developing computer software.
60. Internally generated brands, mastheads,
publishing titles, lists of users of a service, and items similar in substance
shall not be recognized as intangible assets.
61. Expenditure on internally generated brands,
mastheads, publishing titles, lists of users of a service, and items similar in
substance cannot be distinguished from the cost of developing the entity’s
operations as a whole. Therefore, such items are not recognized as intangible
assets.
Cost of an Internally Generated Intangible Asset
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
63. The cost of an internally generated intangible
asset comprises all directly attributable costs necessary to create, produce,
and prepare the asset to be capable of operating in the manner intended by
management. Examples of directly attributable costs are:
(a) Costs of materials and services used or
consumed in generating the intangible asset;
(b) Costs of employee benefits arising from the
generation of the intangible asset;
(c) Fees to register a legal right; and
(d) Amortization of patents and licenses that are
used to generate the intangible asset.
VPSAS regarding borrowing costs specifies criteria
for the recognition of interest as an element of the cost of an asset that is a
qualifying asset.
64. The following are not components of the cost of
an internally generated intangible asset:
(a) Selling, administrative and other general
overhead expenditure unless this expenditure can be directly attributed to
preparing the asset for use;
(b) Identified inefficiencies and initial operating
deficits incurred before the asset achieves planned performance; and
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Recognition of an Expense
65. Expenditure on an intangible item shall be
recognized as an expense when it is incurred unless it forms part of the cost
of an intangible asset that meets the recognition criteria (see paragraphs
26–64).
66. In some cases, expenditure is incurred to
provide future economic benefits or service potential to an entity, but no
intangible asset or other asset is acquired or created that can be recognized.
In the case of the supply of goods, the entity recognizes such expenditure as
an expense when it has a right to access those goods. In the case of the supply
of services, the entity recognizes the expenditure as an expense when it
receives the services. For example, expenditure on research is recognized as an
expense when it is incurred (see paragraph 52). Other examples of expenditure
that is recognized as an expense when it is incurred include:
(a) Expenditure on start-up activities (i.e.,
start-up costs), unless this expenditure is included in the cost of an item of
property, plant, and equipment in accordance with VPSAS 17. Start-up costs may
consist of establishment costs such as legal and secretarial costs incurred in
establishing a legal entity, expenditure to open a new facility or operation
(i.e., pre-opening costs), or expenditures for starting new operations or
launching new products or processes (i.e., pre-operating costs);
(b) Expenditure on training activities;
(c) Expenditure on advertising and promotional
activities (including mail order catalogues and information pamphlets); and
(d) Expenditure on relocating or reorganizing part
or all of an entity.
67. An entity has a right to access goods when it
owns them. Similarly, it has a right to access goods when they have been
constructed by a supplier in accordance with the terms of a supply contract and
the entity could demand delivery of them in return for payment. Services are
received when they are performed by a supplier in accordance with a contract to
deliver them to the entity and not when the entity uses them to deliver another
service, for example, to deliver information about a service to users of that
service.
68. Paragraph 65 does not preclude an entity from
recognizing a prepayment as an asset when payment for goods has been made in
advance of the entity obtaining a right to access those goods. Similarly,
paragraph 65 does not preclude an entity from recognizing a prepayment as an
asset when payment for services has been made in advance of the entity
receiving those services.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
69. Expenditure on an intangible item that was
initially recognized as an expense under this Standard shall not be recognized
as part of the cost of an intangible asset at a later date.
Subsequent Measurement
70. After initial recognition, an intangible
asset shall be carried at a revalued amount, being its fair value at the date
of the revaluation less any subsequent accumulated amortization.
Useful life
71. An entity shall assess whether the useful
life of an intangible asset is finite or indefinite and, if finite, the length
of, or number of production or similar units constituting, that useful life. An
intangible asset shall be regarded by the entity as having an indefinite useful
life when, based on an analysis of all of the relevant factors, there is no
foreseeable limit to the period over which the asset is expected to generate
net cash inflows for, or provide service potential to, the entity.
72. The accounting for an intangible asset is based
on its useful life. An intangible asset with a finite useful life is amortized
(see paragraphs 80–92), and an intangible asset with an indefinite useful life
is not (see paragraphs 93–94).
73. Many factors are considered in determining the
useful life of an intangible asset, including:
(a) The expected usage of the asset by the entity
and whether the asset could be managed efficiently by another management team;
(b) Typical product life cycles for the asset and
public information on estimates of useful lives of similar assets that are used
in a similar way;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(d) The stability of the industry in which the
asset operates and changes in the market demand for the products or services
output from the asset;
(e) Expected actions by competitors or potential
competitors;
(f) The level of maintenance expenditure required
to obtain the expected future economic benefits or service potential from the
asset and the entity’s ability and intention to reach such a level;
(g) The period of control over the asset and legal
or similar limits on the use of the asset, such as the expiry dates of related
leases; and
(h) Whether the useful life of the asset is
dependent on the useful life of other assets of the entity.
74. The term “indefinite” does not mean “infinite.”
The useful life of an intangible asset reflects only that level of future
maintenance expenditure required to maintain the asset at its standard of
performance assessed at the time of estimating the asset’s useful life, and the
entity’s ability and intention to reach such a level. A conclusion that the
useful life of an intangible asset is indefinite should not depend on planned
future expenditure in excess of that required to maintain the asset at that
standard of performance.
75. Given the history of rapid changes in
technology, computer software and many other intangible assets are susceptible
to technological obsolescence. Therefore, it is likely that their useful life
is short. Expected future reductions in the selling price of an item that was
produced using an intangible asset could indicate the expectation of
technological or commercial obsolescence of the asset, which, in turn, might
reflect a reduction of the future economic benefits or service potential
embodied in the asset.
76. The useful life of an intangible asset may be
very long or even indefinite. Uncertainty justifies estimating the useful life
of an intangible asset on a prudent basis, but it does not justify choosing a
life that is unrealistically short.
77. The useful life of an intangible asset that
arises from binding arrangements (including rights from contracts or other
legal rights) shall not exceed the period of the binding arrangement (including
rights from contracts or other legal rights), but may be shorter depending on
the period over which the entity expects to use the asset. If the binding
arrangements (including rights from contracts or other legal rights) are
conveyed for a limited term that can be renewed, the useful life of the
intangible asset shall include the renewal period(s) only if there is evidence
to support renewal by the entity without significant cost.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
79. Existence of the following factors, among
others, indicates that an entity would be able to renew the binding
arrangements (including rights from contracts or other legal rights) without
significant cost:
(a) There is evidence, possibly based on
experience, that the binding arrangements (including rights from contracts or
other legal rights) will be renewed. If renewal is contingent upon the consent
of a third party, this includes evidence that the third party will give its
consent;
(b) There is evidence that any conditions necessary
to obtain renewal will be satisfied; and
(c) The cost to the entity of renewal is not
significant when compared with the future economic benefits or service
potential expected to flow to the entity from renewal.
If the cost of renewal is significant when compared
with the future economic benefits or service potential expected to flow to the
entity from renewal, the “renewal” cost represents, in substance, the cost to
acquire a new intangible asset at the renewal date.
Intangible Assets with Finite Useful Lives
Amortization Period and Amortization Method
80. The depreciable amount of an intangible
asset with a finite useful life shall be allocated on a systematic basis over
its useful life. Amortization shall begin when the asset is available for use,
i.e., when it is in the location and condition necessary for it to be capable
of operating in the manner intended by management. Amortization shall cease on
the date that the asset is derecognized. The depreciation method shall reflect
the pattern in which the asset’s future economic benefits or service potential
is expected to be consumed by the entity. . If that pattern cannot be
determined reliably, the straight-line method shall be used. The amortization
charge for each period shall be recognized in surplus or deficit unless this or
another Standard permits or requires it to be included in the carrying amount
of another asset.
81. A variety of depreciation methods can be used
to allocate the depreciable amount of an asset on a systematic basis over its
useful life. A variety of amortization methods can be used to allocate the
depreciable amount of an asset on a systematic basis over its useful life. The method
used is selected on the basis of the expected pattern of consumption of the
expected future economic benefits or service potential embodied in the asset
and is applied consistently from period to period, unless there is a change in
the expected pattern of consumption of those future economic benefits or
service potential.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(a) In which the intangible asset is expressed as a
measure of revenue, as described in paragraph 84; or
(b) When it can be demonstrated that revenue and the
consumption of the economic benefits or service potential of the intangible
asset are highly correlated.
83. In choosing an appropriate amortization
method in accordance with paragraph 81, an entity could
determine the predominant limiting factor that is inherent in the
intangible asset. For example, the contract that sets out the entity’s rights
over its use of an intangible asset might specify the entity’s use of the
intangible asset as a predetermined number of years (i.e., time), as a number of
units produced or as a fixed total amount of revenue to be generated.
Identification of such a predominant limiting factor could serve as the
starting point for the identification of the appropriate basis of amortization,
but another basis may be applied if it more closely reflects the expected
pattern of consumption of economic benefits or service potential.
84. In the circumstance in which the predominant
limiting factor that is inherent in an intangible asset is the achievement of a
revenue threshold, the revenue to be generated can be an appropriate basis for
amortization. For example, the right to operate a toll road could be based on a
fixed total amount of revenue to be generated from cumulative tolls charged
(for example, a contract could allow operation of the toll road until the
cumulative amount of tolls generated from operating the road reaches 20,000
billion dong). In the case in which revenue has been established as the
predominant limiting factor in the contract for the use of the intangible asset,
the revenue that is to be generated might be an appropriate basis for
amortizing the intangible asset, provided that the contract specifies a fixed
total amount of revenue to be generated on which amortization is to be
determined.
85. Amortization is usually recognized in surplus
or deficit. However, sometimes, the future economic benefits or service
potential embodied in an asset is absorbed in producing other assets. In this
case, the amortization charge constitutes part of the cost of the other asset
and is included in its carrying amount. For example, the amortization of
intangible assets used in a production process is included in the carrying
amount of inventories (see VPSAS 12).
Residual Value
86. The residual value of an intangible asset
with a finite useful life shall be assumed to be zero unless:
(a) There is a commitment by a third party to
acquire the asset at the end of its useful life; or
(b) There is an active market for the asset,
and:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(ii) It is probable that such a market will
exist at the end of the asset’s useful life.
87. The depreciable amount of an asset with a
finite useful life is determined after deducting its residual value. A residual
value other than zero implies that an entity expects to dispose of the
intangible asset before the end of its economic life.
88. An estimate of an asset’s residual value is
based on the amount recoverable from disposal using prices prevailing at the
date of the estimate for the sale of a similar asset that has reached the end
of its useful life and has operated under conditions similar to those in which
the asset will be used. The residual value is reviewed at least at each
reporting date. A change in the asset’s residual value is accounted for as a
change in an accounting estimate in accordance with VPSAS regarding
accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors.
89. The residual value of an intangible asset may
increase to an amount equal to or greater than the asset’s carrying amount. If
it does, the asset’s amortization charge is zero unless and until its residual
value subsequently decreases to an amount below the asset’s carrying amount.
Review of Amortization Period and Amortization
Method
90. The amortization period and the amortization
method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life shall be reviewed at
least at each reporting date. If the expected useful life of the asset is
different from previous estimates, the amortization period shall be changed
accordingly. If there has been a change in the expected pattern of consumption
of the future economic benefits or service potential embodied in the asset, the
amortization method shall be changed to reflect the changed pattern. Such
changes shall be accounted for as changes in accounting estimates in accordance
with VPSAS 3.
91. During the life of an intangible asset, it may
become apparent that the estimate of its useful life is inappropriate.
92. Over time, the pattern of future economic
benefits or service potential expected to flow to an entity from an intangible
asset may change. For example, it may become apparent that a diminishing
balance method of amortization is appropriate rather than a straight-line
method. Another example is if use of the rights represented by a license is
deferred pending action on other components of the entity’s strategic plan. .
In this case, economic benefits or service potential that flow from the asset
may not be received until later periods.
Intangible Assets with Indefinite Useful Lives
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Review of Useful Life Assessment
94. The useful life of an intangible asset that
is not being amortized shall be reviewed each reporting period to determine
whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life
assessment for that asset. If they do not, the change in the useful life
assessment from indefinite to finite shall be accounted for as a change in an
accounting estimate in accordance with VPSAS 3.
Retirements and Disposals
95. An intangible asset shall be derecognized:
(a) On disposal (including disposal through a
non-exchange transaction); or
(b) When no future economic benefits or service
potential is expected from its use or disposal.
96. The gain or loss arising from the
derecognition of an intangible asset shall be determined as the difference
between the net disposal proceeds, if any, and the carrying amount of the
asset. It shall be recognized in surplus or deficit when the asset is
derecognized (unless VPSAS 13 requires otherwise on a sale and leaseback).
97. The disposal of an intangible asset may occur
in a variety of ways (e.g., by sale, by entering into a finance lease, or
through a non-exchange transaction). In determining the date of disposal of
such an asset, an entity applies the criteria in VPSAS 9, Revenue from Exchange
Transactions for recognizing revenue from the sale of goods. VPSAS 13 applies
to disposal by a sale and leaseback.
98. If, in accordance with the recognition
principle in paragraph 29, an entity recognizes in the carrying amount of an
asset the cost of a replacement for part of an intangible asset, then it
derecognizes the carrying amount of the replaced part. If it is not practicable
for an entity to determine the carrying amount of the replaced part, it may use
the cost of the replacement as an indication of what the cost of the replaced
part was at the time it was acquired or internally generated.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
100. Amortization of an intangible asset with a
finite useful life does not cease when the intangible asset is no longer used, unless
the asset has been fully depreciated.
Disclosure
General
101. An entity shall disclose the following for
each class of intangible assets, distinguishing between internally generated
intangible assets and other intangible assets:
(a) Whether the useful lives are indefinite or
finite and, if finite, the useful lives or the amortization rates used;
(b) The amortization methods used for intangible
assets with finite useful lives;
(c) The gross carrying amount and any
accumulated at the beginning and end of the period;
(d) The line item(s) of the statement of
financial performance in which any amortization of intangible assets is
included;
(e) A reconciliation of the carrying amount at
the beginning and end of the period showing:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(ii) Disposals;
(iii) Any amortization recognized during the
period;
(iv) Net exchange differences arising on the
translation of the financial statements into the presentation currency, and on
the translation of a foreign operation into the presentation currency of the
entity; and
(v) Other changes in the carrying amount during
the period.
102. A class of intangible assets is a grouping of
assets of a similar nature and use in an entity’s operations. Examples of
separate classes may include:
(a) Brand names;
(b) Mastheads and publishing titles;
(c) Computer software;
(d) Licenses;
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(f) Recipes, formulae, models, designs, and
prototypes; and
(g) Intangible assets under development.
The classes mentioned above are disaggregated
(aggregated) into smaller (larger) classes if this results in more relevant
information for the users of the financial statements.
103. VPSAS 3 requires an entity to disclose the
nature and amount of a change in an accounting estimate that has a material
effect in the current period or is expected to have a material effect in
subsequent periods. Such disclosure may arise from changes in:
(a) The assessment of an intangible asset’s useful
life;
(b) The amortization method; or
(c) Residual values.
104. An entity shall also disclose:
(a) For an intangible asset assessed as having
an indefinite useful life, the carrying amount of that asset and the reasons
supporting the assessment of an indefinite useful life. In giving these
reasons, the entity shall describe the factor(s) that played a significant role
in determining that the asset has an indefinite useful life.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(c) For intangible assets acquired through a
non-exchange transaction and initially recognized at fair value (see paragraphs
42–43):
(i) The fair value initially recognized for
these assets; and
(ii) Their carrying amount.
(d) The existence and carrying amounts of
intangible assets whose title is restricted and the carrying amounts of
intangible assets pledged as security for liabilities.
(e) The amount of contractual commitments for
the acquisition of intangible assets.
105. When an entity describes the factor(s) that
played a significant role in determining that the useful life of an intangible
asset is indefinite, the entity considers the list of factors in paragraph 73.
Research and Development Expenditure
106. An entity shall disclose the aggregate amount
of research and development expenditure recognized as an expense during the
period.
107. Research and development expenditure comprises
all expenditure that is directly attributable to research or development
activities (see paragraphs 63 and 64 for guidance on the type of expenditure to
be included for the purpose of the disclosure requirement in paragraph 106).
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
108. An entity is encouraged, but not required, to
disclose the following information:
(a) A description of any fully amortized intangible
asset that is still in use; and
(b) A brief description of significant intangible
assets controlled by the entity but not recognized as assets because they did
not meet the recognition criteria in this Standard.
APPLICATION
GUIDANCE
This Appendix is
an integral part of VPSAS 31
Website Costs
AG1. An entity may incur internal expenditure on
the development and operation of its own website for internal or external
access. A website designed for external access may be used for various purposes
such as to disseminate information, create awareness of services, request
comment on draft legislation, promote and advertise an entity’s own services
and products, provide electronic services, and sell services and products. A
website designed for internal access may be used to store entity policies and
details of users of a service, and search relevant information.
AG2. The stages of a website’s development can be
described as follows:
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
(b) Application and Infrastructure Development -
includes obtaining a domain name, purchasing and developing hardware and
operating software, installing developed applications, and stress testing;
(c) Graphical Design Development - includes
designing the appearance of web pages; and
(d) Content Development - includes creating,
purchasing, preparing, and uploading information, either textual or graphical
in nature, on the website before the completion of the website’s development.
This information may either be stored in separate databases that are integrated
into (or accessed from) the website or coded directly into the web pages.
AG3. Once development of a website has been completed,
the Operating stage begins. During this stage, an entity maintains and enhances
the applications, infrastructure, graphical design, and content of the website.
AG4. When accounting for internal expenditure on
the development and operation of an entity’s own website for internal or
external access, the issues are:
(a) Whether the website is an internally generated
intangible asset that is subject to the requirements of this Standard; and
(b) The appropriate accounting treatment of such
expenditure.
AG5. This Application Guidance does not apply to
expenditure on purchasing, developing, and operating hardware (e.g., web
servers, staging servers, production servers, and Internet connections) of a
website. Additionally, when an entity incurs expenditure on an Internet service
provider hosting the entity’s website, the expenditure is recognized as an
expense when the services are received.
AG6. VPSAS 31 does not apply to intangible assets
held by an entity for sale in the ordinary course of operations (see VPSAS 11
and VPSAS 12) or leases that fall within the scope of VPSAS 13. Accordingly,
this Application Guidance does not apply to expenditure on the development or
operation of a website (or website software) for sale to another entity. When a
website is leased under an operating lease, the lessor applies this Application
Guidance. When a website is leased under a finance lease, the lessee applies
this Application Guidance after initial recognition of the leased asset.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
AG8. A website arising from development is
recognized as an intangible asset if, and only if, in addition to complying
with the general requirements described in paragraph 55 of this Standard for
recognition and initial measurement, an entity can satisfy the requirements in
paragraph 27 of this Standard. In particular, an entity may be able to satisfy the
requirement to demonstrate how its website will generate probable future
economic benefits or service potential in accordance with paragraph 55(d) of
this Standard when, for example, the website is capable of generating revenues,
including direct revenues from enabling orders to be placed, or providing
services using the website, rather than at a physical location using civil
servants. An entity is not able to demonstrate how a website developed solely
or primarily for promoting and advertising its own services and products will
generate probable future economic benefits or service potential, and
consequently all expenditure on developing such a website is recognized as an
expense when incurred.
AG9. Any internal expenditure on the development
and operation of an entity’s own website is accounted for in accordance with
this Standard. The nature of each activity for which expenditure is incurred
(e.g., training employees and maintaining the website) and the website’s stage
of development or post-development are evaluated to determine the appropriate
accounting treatment. For example:
(a) The Planning stage is similar in nature to the
research phase in paragraphs 52–54 of this Standard. Expenditure incurred in
this stage is recognized as an expense when it is incurred;
(b) The Application and Infrastructure Development
stage, the Graphical Design stage, and the Content Development stage, to the
extent that content is developed for purposes other than to advertise and
promote an entity’s own services and products, are similar in nature to the
development phase in paragraphs 55–61 of this Standard. Expenditure incurred in
these stages is included in the cost of a website recognized as an intangible
asset in accordance with paragraph AG8 when the expenditure can be directly
attributed and is necessary to creating, producing or preparing the website for
it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. For
example, expenditure on purchasing or creating content (other than content that
advertises and promotes an entity’s own services and products) specifically for
a website, or expenditure to enable use of the content (e.g., a fee for
acquiring a license to reproduce) on the website, is included in the cost of
development when this condition is met.
(c) Expenditure incurred in the Content Development
stage, to the extent that content is developed to advertise and promote an
entity’s own services and products (e.g., digital photographs of products), is
recognized as an expense when incurred in accordance with paragraph 66(c) of
this Standard. For example, when accounting for expenditure on professional
services for taking digital photographs of an entity’s own products and for
enhancing their display, expenditure is recognized as an expense as the professional
services are received during the process, not when the digital photographs are
displayed on the website; and
(d) The Operating stage begins once development of
a website is complete. Expenditure incurred in this stage is recognized as an
expense when it is incurred unless it meets the recognition criteria in
paragraph 27 of this Standard.
AG10. A website that is recognized as an intangible
asset under paragraph AG8 of this Application Guidance is measured after
initial recognition by applying the requirements of paragraph 70 of this
Standard. The best estimate of a website’s useful life should be short, as
described in paragraph 76.
AG11. The guidance in paragraphs AG1–AG10 does not
specifically apply to software development costs. However, an entity may apply
the principles in these paragraphs.
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
Paragraph of
VPSAS 31
Paragraph of
IPSAS 31
Paragraph of
VPSAS 31
Paragraph of
IPSAS31
Paragraph of
VPSAS 31
Paragraph of
IPSAS 31
1
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
37
37
73
89
2
2
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
38
74
90
3
3
39
39
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
75
91
4
6
40
40
76
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
5
7
41
41
77
93
6
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
42
42
78
94
7
9
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
43
79
95
8
10
44
44
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
80
96
9
11
45
45
81
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
10
12
46
46
82
97A
11
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
47
47
83
97B
12
14
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
48
84
97C
13
15
49
49
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
85
98
14
16
50
50
86
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
15
17
51
51
87
100
16
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
52
52
88
101
17
19
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
53
89
102
18
20
54
54
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
90
103
19
21
55
55
91
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
20
22
56
56
92
105
21
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
57
57
93
106
22
24
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
59
94
108
23
25
59
60
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
95
111
24
26
60
61
96
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
25
26A
61
62
97
113
26
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
62
63
98
114
27
28
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
64
99
115
28
29
64
65
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
100
116
29
30
65
66
101
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
30
31
66
67
102
118
31
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
67
68
103
120
32
32
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
69
104
121
33
33
69
70
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
105
122
34
34
70
73
106
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
35
35
71
87
107
126
36
...
...
...
Bạn phải
đăng nhập hoặc
đăng ký Thành Viên
TVPL Pro để sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.
Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:
ĐT: (028) 3930 3279 DĐ: 0906 22 99 66
72
88
108
127