QCVN-05A-2020-BCT-Safety-in-production-commerce-hazardous-chemicals

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Số hiệu:	QCVN05A:2020/BCT	Loại văn bản:	Quy chuẩn
Nơi ban hành:	Bộ Công thương	Người ký:	***
Ngày ban hành:	30/11/2020	Ngày hiệu lực:	Đã biết
		Tình trạng:	Đã biết

Facilities having flammable and explosive chemicals may maintain a greater safety distance depending on heat generation risk assessment and fire incident precautions.

8.1.3. Flammable and explosive chemicals must not be stored together with oxygen, oxygen-release substances, hazardous and incompatible chemicals, substances subject to different fire extinguishing requirements or substances capable of triggering hazardous reaction in the case of contact or fire.

8.1.4. Equipment and pipes containing flammable or explosive chemicals must not be placed near heat sources. In the case of exposure to direct sunlight, measures should be adopted to reduce heat (coating reflective paint or spraying water, etc.);

8.2. Requirements concerning electric power systems and air ventilation systems

8.2.1. An electric power system in areas where flammable and explosive chemicals exist must satisfy the following requirements:

- Power tools, electrical equipment and lighting equipment must be fire and explosion safe and the explosion-proof level of which must be relevant to the environment of flammable or explosive vapor or gas;

- Power cables must not be laid in the same underground trench or location where pipes conveying flammable and explosive vapors, gases and liquids exist;

- Circuit breakers and outlets must be located outside areas where flammable or explosive chemicals exist;

8.2.2. Air ventilation systems of warehouses of flammable and explosive chemicals must provide adequate ventilation in such a way that the chemical vapor concentration is less than 10% of the lower explosive limit either by natural or mechanical means;

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8.3.1. Machinery and equipment in areas where flammable chemicals exist must satisfy fire safety requirements under TCVN 3255: 1986. Technical measures should be taken to ensure that tools working in areas where flammable and explosive chemicals exist do not produce any friction or impact spark.

8.3.2. Electrical tools and equipment, and lifting equipment installed and used inside warehouses must be fire and explosion proof.

- Lifting equipment and forklifts must satisfy applicable fire safety standards. Repair, refueling and charging are prohibited in chemical warehouses and factories producing and using chemicals.

- Tools used to open flammable and explosive chemical containers must be made of materials that do not produce any friction or impact spark or technical measures should be taken to avoid producing friction or impact sparks.

8.3.3. Containers of flammable and explosive liquids must maintain the prescribed filling factor depending on the physico-chemical properties of such liquids; large containers must be equipped with an one-way relief valve or flame failure device with an explosion-proof flange; the explosion-proof flange must be made of non-flammable and explosive materials; the end of a pipe conveying flammable and explosive chemicals to a container must be close to the edge or to the bottom; Pressure vessels must have overpressure relief valves.

Containers must be inspected at least once a month. The inspection record must be retained until the next inspection and presented to the competent authority upon request.

8.3.4. Flammable and explosive containers which are exposed to sunlight must be made of light-blocking materials or covered with light-blocking materials. Glass doors of warehouses must be painted to block light or use frosted glass;

8.4. Requirements when working and coming into contact with chemicals

8.4.1. Compressed air that contains oxygen must not be used to propel flammable or explosive chemicals from one device to another. When decanting flammable or explosive chemicals from one bottle to another, both bottles must be grounded;

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8.4.3. A flame must not be used as source of light to find the leaks of pipes or equipment containing flammable or explosive chemicals;

8.4.4. If flammable or explosive chemicals come into direct contact with other chemicals, the following requirements must be satisfied:

- The technology process and safe operating procedure are strictly followed;

- The effects of additional substances on the thermotolerance, flammability or explosivity of flammable or explosive chemicals are known;

- No unidentified impurities are present in the additional substances.

8.4.5. Before welding equipment and pipes that are previously used to contain flammable or explosive chemicals, it is required to open all equipment covers and pipe flanges to completely release flammable or explosive vapors and clean them in such a manner as to ensure that no flammable or explosive mixture is formed.

8.4.6. Before introducing a flammable or explosive substance into a pipe or equipment or before and after repair, the fire safety procedure must be strictly followed:

- Conduct a leak test or pressure test (if necessary);

- Use a suitable solvent or inert gases to clean;

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The inspection result must be certified by a safety officer before carrying out repair;

8.4.7. When doing spray painting, especially in a closed space, it is required to ensure that the mixture of paint and air is beyond the explosive limit and to avoid static electricity causing fire and explosion;

8.4.8. When loading and unloading flammable or explosive chemicals, it is required to:

- Establish a procedure for safe loading and unloading of flammable or explosive chemicals;

- Equip appropriate facilities for spill response;

- Prohibit unauthorized transport vehicles or transport vehicles that fail to satisfy fire safety regulations from entering flammable and explosive chemical storage areas.

- During the loading and unloading of flammable and explosive chemicals, transport vehicles must be completely turned off or take appropriate fire safety measures;

8.4.9. In the event of a fire or explosion incident, every person that is present must use PPE to participate in the rescue and fire fighting. Persons who do not have appropriate PPE are not permitted to participate in fire fighting. The person who calls the fire department and ambulance services must provide specific address and directly lead the way.

8.4.11. When a fire occurs in the area where a ventilator is operating, the ventilator must be stopped to avoid spreading the fire, then take appropriate extinguishing measures.

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9. Requirements for production, commerce, use, storage and transportation of corrosive chemicals

Any facility that produces, trades, uses or stores corrosive chemicals satisfying the labeling criteria corresponding to pictogram GHS05 (hereinafter referred to as “corrosive chemicals”) must comply with the following regulations:

9.1. Requirements concerning equipment, factories and warehouses containing corrosive chemicals

9.1.1. The facilities having corrosive chemicals must take measures for preventing the corrosion and protecting construction works. Factories and warehouses containing liquid corrosive chemicals must set up systems for draining, collecting and treating chemicals.

9.1.2. Materials of the equipment and pipes that contain corrosive chemicals must be suitable and ensure tightness. The valves and hatches must be safe for the operators’ movements. Pressurized equipment that contains corrosive chemicals must be checked periodically.

9.1.3. The path above the equipment that contains corrosive chemicals must have guardrails and railings to ensure safety during operation. The wall of equipment or reservoir must be at least 1.2 m higher than the position of the operator. No pedestal or any item that reduces such height shall be placed.

9.1.4. Every warehouse of corrosive chemicals must be made of materials that are not damaged by corrosive substances. The floor of the warehouse must be flat and surrounded by an edge protruding at least 0.1 m from the ground or a layer of sand that is 0.2 - 0.3 m thick;

9.2. Placing and storing corrosive chemicals

9.2.1. Organic substances (such as straw, shavings, sawdust and paper), oxidizing substances, explosive or flammable chemicals must not be stored in the same warehouse with corrosive chemicals. Acidic inorganic corrosive chemicals, alkaline corrosive substances, and other corrosive substances shall be stored in separate areas or warehouses; the aisle of storage areas must be at least 1 m wide.

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9.2.3. The materials of packages of corrosive chemicals must be tight and not be damaged by corrosive substances; the liquid corrosive chemicals must not be filled in a package in excess of the permissible filling factor.

9.2.4. Stacks containing corrosive chemicals must be designed and installed in such a manner as to prevent accumulation of incompatible chemicals.

9.2.5. Chemicals that are incompatible or come into contact with each other triggering hazardous reactions must not be placed in the same corrosive chemical storage area.

9.2.5.1. Regarding substances that are incompatible with corrosive substances

They must be segregated in separate areas or in the same area at a minimum distance of 5 m for liquid corrosive chemicals or 3 m for solid corrosive chemicals.

9.2.5.2. Regarding chemicals that trigger hazardous reactions when coming into contact with each other, one of the following measures should be adopted:

- Segregate them in separate areas with walls and doors to ensure safety.

- Segregate them in the same area at a minimum distance of 5 m.

- Keep them in the same area but they must not share bunding or drainage systems to ensure no contact even in the case of spills or leaks;

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9.3.1. Corrosive chemicals must not be carried by hand. Specialized equipment shall be used when lifting, decanting or moving equipment containing corrosive chemicals.

9.3.2. The equipment and pipes that contain corrosive chemicals shall be cleaned and repaired under a safe working plan with certification by a safety officer.

9.3.3. First aid kits, taps and containers of neutralizing chemicals: NaHCO3 0.3 %, CH3COOH 0.3 % or other appropriate ones must be available where corrosive chemicals are stored in case of chemical incidents.

9.3.4. Workers in the warehouse must regularly check the tightness of the packages and containers of corrosive chemicals, and promptly take appropriate measures.

PPE must be used when coming into contact with chemicals.

10. Requirements for production, commerce, use, storage of toxic chemicals

Any facility that produces, trades, uses or stores toxic chemicals satisfying the labeling criteria corresponding to any of the pictograms GHS06, GHS07, GHS08 and GHS09 (hereinafter referred to as “toxic chemicals”) must comply with the following regulations:

10.1. Requirements concerning equipment, factories and warehouses containing toxic chemicals

10.1.1. The facility must supervise the delivery and receipt of chemicals and make a toxic chemical sales record which must indicate accurate quantity of toxic chemicals stored in the warehouse.

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10.1.3. The danger of machinery, equipment, and special stages of manufacture must be warned using the signs.

10.1.4. Natural ventilation must be set up where toxic gases and dusts are present. Mechanical ventilation shall also be used to ensure that the concentration of toxic substances in the working environment does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration in accordance with applicable regulations.

10.1.5. The equipment containing toxic chemicals that are likely to vaporize or produce dust must be very tight and only placed in the positions required by the manufacturing process.

10.1.6. Toxic chemicals must be stored in warehouses that has watertight walls and floor, are not affected by flooding, are located far away from residential areas and firmly locked.

10.1.7. Areas where toxic chemicals are stored must have a system of collection banks and trenches; the minimum storage capacity of the collection system must be 110% of the total volume of goods;

10.2. Requirements when working and coming into contact with toxic chemicals

10.2.1. Gas masks must be used when coming into contact with toxic chemicals. Gas masks must be selected according to the chemical manufacturer's recommendations in the MSDS indicating the chemical.

10.2.2. Appropriate dust-proof face masks, dust-proof clothes, boots and gloves shall be used when being in contact with toxic dusts. The body must be tightly covered when being in contact with toxic liquids.

PPE must be placed in an airtight cabinet, have its use strictly controlled and undergo periodic inspections.

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10.2.4. It is prohibited to come into direct contact with toxic chemicals. The instruments for measuring toxic chemicals must be carefully cleaned after use.

10.2.5. Before a person starts working in a tight place with toxic chemicals, the concentration of toxic chemicals in the air must be tested, appropriate measures for detoxification shall be taken to ensure that the residual amount of toxic substances is below the maximum permissible concentration and appropriate PPE must be provided. 02 or more people shall work at the same time to issue an alert or provide timely assistance in the event of an incident.

10.2.6. Decanting and repackaging areas must be airy, hygienic and safe or have a toxic gas removal system.

10.2.7. While using chemical-measuring devices, ensure that toxic chemicals are not leaked or spilled or dust is released to the air.

11. Safety requirements applicable to outdoor chemical containers

11.1. Liquid chemical storage tanks must have a bunding system and watertight floor to ensure that chemicals do not escape to the environment in the event of spills.

11.2. The storage capacity of the bunding system must be greater than or equal to 110% of the capacity of the storage tank or group of storage tanks in the dike system.

11.3. Storage tanks must be labeled with GHS pictograms. Pictograms must be visible from the entrances to the tank area.

11.3.1. For a storage tank with a diameter of 06 m or more, the edges of a pictogram must not be less than 50 cm.

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12. Safety requirements during transportation of hazardous chemicals

12.1. Regulations set out in the Government’s Decree No. 42/2020/ND-CP dated April 08, 2020 and applicable legal documents shall be complied with when transporting hazardous chemicals.

12.2. When transporting hazardous chemicals, the following requirements must be satisfied:

12.2.1. TCVN 6304:1997 shall be complied with when moving bottles of compressed air and liquefied gases.

12.2.2. Oxygen bottles must not be transported together with bottles of flammable gases or other flammable substances.

12.2.3. When transporting hazardous chemicals, vehicles must have specialized storage tanks and must be roofed or covered. Canvas must cover all chemicals being transported to prevent exposure to rainwater and direct sunlight, and chemical leaks or spills.

12.3. Environmental conditions for storage shall be satisfied according to the MSDS.

12.4. Hazardous chemicals must not be transported together with humans, animals and other goods.

13. Safety requirements during loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals

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13.2. Before loading or unloading, the loader must check the packages, labels, and directly provide guidance on work safety.

13.3. It is not prohibited to load chemicals that can react to each other or are extinguished using different methods onto the same vehicle. The stacks must be close together and choked to avoid collapse and movement.

13.4. After unloading part of hazardous chemicals on the vehicle, the chemicals that remain on the vehicle must be carefully choked to ensure they cannot move or collapse before carrying on the transit.

13.5. While loading or unloading, it is not permitted to drag, throw or damage goods; packages must be placed in correct direction. Hazardous chemicals must not be moved by hand.

13.6. The safety of lifting and moving instruments must be checked before loading or unloading hazardous chemicals.

III. Implementation

1. Responsibilities of organizations and individuals

The Vietnam Chemicals Agency shall preside over and cooperate with authorities and units concerned in providing guidelines for, inspecting and supervising the implementation of this Regulation.

1.2. Departments of Industry and Trade of provinces and cities shall cooperate with authorities concerned in providing guidelines for and inspecting the implementation of this Regulation.

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2. Effect

2.1. This Regulation comes into force from July 01, 2021.

2.2. Within 18 months from the effective date of this Regulation, hazardous chemical facilities must satisfy the requirements laid down in this Regulation./.

ANNEX A

PICTOGRAMS INDICATING HAZARDS OF CHEMICALS

Pictogram under GHS

Pictograms classified and grouped based on chemical and physical properties and dangerous goods (the label is equivalent to a pictogram under GHS).

GHS01

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