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THE
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
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No.
1221/2000/QD-BYT
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Hanoi,
April 18, 2000
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DECISION
PROMULGATING REGULATIONS ON SCHOOL SANITATION AND HYGIENE
THE MINISTER OF HEALTH
Pursuant to the Law on the People’s Health
Protection dated June 30, 1989; Pursuant to the Government’s Decree No. 68/CP
dated October 11, 1993 defining functions, tasks, powers and organization
structure of the Ministry of Health.
At the request of the Director of Preventive
Medicine Department and the Chief Inspector affiliated to the Ministry of
Health.
HEREBY DECIDES
Article 1. The Regulation on school sanitation and hygiene shall be
issued together with this Decision.
Article 2. The Director of Preventive Medicine Department shall
undertake the direction, instruction and examination for implementation of this
Decision.
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Article 4. The Chief Officers, Chief Inspector, Director of the
Preventive Medicine Department, Directors of Departments affiliated to the
Ministry of Health, Director of the Department of Food Safety, Hygiene and
Quality Control, Heads of affiliates to Ministries and Director of Health
Departments of centrally-affiliated cities and provinces, Heads of Specialized
Health Offices, shall be responsible for implementing this Decision./.
PP. THE MINISTER
OF HEALTH
THE DEPUTY MINISTER
Nguyen Van Thuong
REGULATION
SCHOOL SANITATION AND HYGIENE
(Issued together with the Decision No. 1221/2000/QD-BYT of the
Ministry of Health dated April 18, 2000).
Chapter
1:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
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This Regulation stipulates
school sanitation and hygiene which focuses on learning environment, learning
aids, equipment used for cleaning lodging and meal serving facilities at
boarding or semi-boarding schools, and examination, inspection and handling of
violations.
Article
2. Scope of application
This Regulation shall apply
to all of the schools that belong to the basic education system: primary
schools, secondary schools and high schools.
Chapter 2:
REQUIREMENTS FOR
SANITATION AND HYGIENE OF LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Article
3. School construction site
1. A school must be located
at dry, clean, bright and tranquil areas.
2. It is located within
walking distance. It takes only from 20 to 30 minutes for a student to walk
from home to school. The specific distance is specified as follows:
Primary students shall walk
the maximum distance of 1,000m.
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High-school students shall
walk the maximum distance of 3,000m.
Especially for those located
in mountainous areas, the maximum distance that a student can walk shall be
restricted to 2,000m for primary schools and 3,000m for secondary schools.
3. A school must be kept far
away from places where toxic gases, smoke, dirt or noise is emitted. A school
is also kept far away from road and ship transport terminals, petrol storage
facilities, landfill sites, markets, main roads, rivers, springs or dangerous
waterfalls.
Article
4. School (classroom windows that let
sunlight through) must be located to South or Southeast.
Article
5. School coverage
1. A school must be spacious
enough to build its classrooms, playgrounds, sports yards and green landscapes.
2. In rural or mountainous
areas, a school shall not provide less than 10m2 space per each
student.
3. In urban areas, a school
shall not provide less than 6m2 space per each student.
Including:
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Green landscapes cover from
20% to 40% of total school construction site.
Playgrounds, sports yards and
etc. cover from 40% to 50% of total school construction site.
Article
6. The school yard must be flat, spacious
and well-drained. It must be paved, tiled, concreted or formed with crushed
soil.
Chapter 3:
REQUIREMENTS FOR
SANITATION AND HYGIENE OF CLASSROOMS
Article
7. Each classroom is required to provide
an average space from 1.10 m2 1.25 m2 per each student.
Classroom dimension shall be below 8.5m in length, below 6.5m in width and 3.6m
in height.
Article
8. Air ventilation
1. Each classroom must be
well-ventilated to keep it cool in summer and warm in winter.
2. All classrooms must be
designed with artificial air ventilation system, including ceiling fans, vent
fans above light-emitting sources, etc., in order to keep the volume of CO2
restricted to less than 0.1%.
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All classrooms shall receive
the ambient luminance of 100 lux or more. Classrooms intended for students with
vision impairment shall receive the constant luminance of 300 lux or more.
1. Natural lighting:
- Classrooms must be
naturally lightened.
- Windowpanes where the
natural light is mainly come in shall be mounted to the direction of the South
of the hand opposite to the student's writing hand.
- Aggregated size of sunlight
windows does not make up less than 1/5 of aggregated size of classrooms.
- Windows must be designed
with blinds, shades, shutters or glass panes used for protecting in-class
students from hot sunlight, rain and cold winds.
2. Artificial lighting
- Any classroom that lacks
sunlight must be lightened by artificial lighting system. The number of lights
shall consist of 4 filament light bulbs with the capacity ranging from 150W to
200W which are evenly hung at 4 corners of a classroom. 6-8 neon lights with
each unit which is 1.2 m in length. All lights must be hung at the height of
2.8m from classroom desks.
3. Classroom ceilings must be
whitewashed and classroom walls must be plastered in yellow.
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Article
11. Classrooms must be kept clean on a
daily basis within 20 minutes before class begins or after class ends.
Article
12. Classroom desks and chairs
1. Classroom desks must be
wide enough with firm design and have round and smoothened corners for
student’s safety.
2. Classroom desks and chairs
must be designed symmetrically in its dimension (height, width and depth) and
must suit student’s physical characteristics.
Standard
Dimension
(cm)
I
II
III
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V
VI
Height of desks
46
50
55
61
69
74
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27
30
33
38
44
46
Height
difference between desks and chairs
19
20
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23
25
28
- Class-I set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.00m to 1.09m.
- Class-II set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.10m to 1.19m.
- Class-III set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.20m to 1.29m.
- Class-IV set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.30m to 1.39m.
- Class-V set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.40m to 1.54m.
- Class-VI set of classroom
desk and chair intended for students with height ranging from 1.55m or more.
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3. Classroom desk
arrangement: The first desk shall be arranged at the distance of 1.7m to 2m
from the study board. The last desk shall be arranged at the distance of 8m
from the study board.
Article
13. Study board
1. Anti-dazzling study boards
must be used.
2. Dimension: from 1.8m to
2.0m in length. From 1.2m to 1,5m in width.
3. Color of the study board:
green or black (in case of taking note by chalks), or white (in case of taking
note by marker pens).
4. Manner of mounting a study
board: in the middle of a wall with the space between the lowest edge of such
study board and classroom ground surface which ranges from 0.8m to 1m.
5. Size of texts written on the
study board is not smaller than 4cm in height.
Article
14. Visual pictures, teaching aids must
be clean, color fast, easily visible and safe.
Article
15. Laboratory rooms
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1. The rule sheet for
operation of such laboratory rooms must be written in an easily visible,
detailed, sufficient manner, and must be placed at conspicuous places.
2. Ambient luminance: ranging
from 150 lux to 200 lux.
3. Electricity, gas supply
system and power plugs or sockets, etc. must be safe for students when they are
running their laboratory tests.
Article
16. Laboratory or production facilities
must meet the following requirements:
1. Each facility is required
to provide an average space from 1.5 m2 2 m2 per each
student. In respect of technical practice facilities relating to industries
such as textile, wood processing, mechanics and electricity, the average
coverage must provide from 3m2 to 6m2 of space per each
student.
2. Luminance measurement must
meet industrial lighting requirements.
3. These facilities must be
kept far away from classrooms and located at the end of the prevailing
direction of the wind (South and Southeast).
4. Production equipment must
have size and weight which are custom made for the student’s body and age.
5. Tools must be provided
with a manual or guide on operation, sanitation, hygiene and safety.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR
SANITATION AND HYGIENE IN LEARNING PROCESS, SPORTS OR EXERCISE PRACTICE
Article
17. Timetable must be designed with
particular attention paid to the student workload which suits their learning
capability, and must be logical and consist of proper rest time for students
that come from different ages and physical characteristics. In hot weather
condition, the class time must avoid the period from 11am to 01pm.
During the time of rest at
the end of a teaching period and within an instruction period, students are
forced to come out of their classrooms to refresh themselves and decrease an
amount of CO2 in the classroom.
Article
18. Indoor sports practice
facility
1. These facilities must
conform to hygiene safety and ventilation requirements. The amount of CO2 is
not allowed to exceed 0.1%.
2. The practice courtyard
must be flat and anti-slip. These must be equipped with protective equipment
(mattress, protective belts) for the purpose of injury prevention.
3. Practice equipment must be
kept absolutely clean and safe. Before taking part in physical practice
activities, teachers must check the safety of the practice equipment.
4. Male and female bathroom,
changing room must be built in such facilities.
5. Drinking and bathing water
must be sufficient.
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1. It must be flat without
holes or trenches running through.
2. Football field must be
covered with grass.
3. If the outdoor practice
yard is dry and dusty, it must be watered 30 minutes before practice activities
take place.
4. Practice activities shall last
from 30 minutes to 45 minutes.
5. Sports practice and
competition activities that take place on wet, muddy yards or during hot or
rainy weather conditions shall be banned.
6. The running pitch must be
hardened with two trench drains at both sides.
7. The sand pit for long jump
practice must not be mixed with gravels, stones or soil.
8. Ground surface of the
field for shot putting and discus throwing practice must be hardened. Ground
surface of the areas where heavy spherical objects or discs are landed must be
softened without any person standing there to watch (even teachers or
students).
9. During the sports practice
and competition time, medical staff must be there to provide first aid or
emergency services if any accident occurs.
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REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING
IN-SCHOOL SANITARY AND HYGIENIC FACILITIES
Article
20. Water supply system
1. Clean, boiled or filtered
water must be available for students during their school time.
In summer, each student in a
specified time shift shall be provided with an average of 0.3 litters.
In winter, each student in a
specified time shift shall be provided with an average of 0.1 litter.
2. Canteens that serve tea
and drinks must be kept sanitary, hygienic and safe.
Article
21. Supply of clean water for bathing.
Tap water or water taking
from wells can be used. As for tap water, each tap must provide clean water for
200 students in a specified time shift. As for water taking from wells, each
student in a specified time shift must be provided with 4 – 6 litters.
Article
22. Latrines, pit latrines, garbage pits,
waste water drains
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2. An average number of 100 –
200 students in each time shift shall be provided with 1 toilet (designed for
male, female, teacher and student separately).
3. Pit latrines: An average
number of 50 students in each time shift shall be given a length of 1 meter of
pit latrines
4. Garbage pits: In cities or
townships, a school must be designed with garbage containers. Everyday, garbage
dumped from classrooms and sanitation activities shall be collected. Each
classroom or office must have dustbins.
5. Closed disposal system
must be installed to drain sewage or rainwater from the school to the general
drainage system.
Chapter 6:
REQUIREMENTS FOR
SANITATION AND HYGIENE OF BOARDING AND SEMI-BOARDING FACILITIES
Article
23. Lodging and meal serving facilities
must have the rules of order maintenance and hygiene The meal serving facility
of the boarding school shall be governed by the Circular No. 04/1998/TT-BYT of
the Ministry of Health dated March 23, 1998 on providing guidance on management
of food hygiene and safety in the food and beverage trading and service
industry.
Article
24. Water supply
The boarding or semi-boarding
area shall be provided with a sufficient amount of clean water for students to
use in daily activities. An average amount of clean water per a student within
24 hours shall be 100-150 litters.
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1. Types of latrine: Septic
or semi-septic. The number of latrines must be 1 per an average number of 25
students.
2. The number of pit latrines
must be 1 per an average number of 25 students.
3. The school must provide
separate latrines for male and female. In rural areas, toilet areas must be
located in the Northwest of the boarding area.
Article
26. Garbage and sewage treatment
1. The boarding area must
have garbage containers to collect daily garbage dumped from lodging rooms and
public areas.
2. Closed disposal system
must be installed to drain sewage or rainwater from the school to the general
drainage system.
Chapter 7:
REQUIREMENTS FOR
SANITATION AND HYGIENE OF MEDICAL CARE ROOMS
Article
27. The school must run a medical care
room to provide medical services for students.
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2. Each room shall be
provided with medical equipment, medicines under the guidelines of local
medicine authorities.
3. If a school has boarding
or semi-boarding students, isolation area must be built and medical staff must
be available all day.
Chapter 8:
REQUIREMENTS OF
EXAMINATION AND INSPECTION
Article
28. The preventive medicine center of a
province, city or district shall be responsible for inspecting the school
sanitation and hygiene as planned by local authorities. The State inspection of
school sanitation and hygiene shall conform to the Rules of organization and
operation of sanitation and hygiene inspection under the decision No. 332/BYT-QD
of the Minister of Health dated March 3, 1997.
Article
29. Those who violate regulations on
school sanitation and hygiene, depending on the severity of such violation,
shall be subjected to disciplinary or administrative penalties or face a
criminal prosecution; in case of any loss or damage that may arise,
compensations must be paid in accordance with laws.
Handling of administrative
violations against regulations on school sanitation and hygiene shall conform
to regulations laid down in the Government's Decree No. 46/CP dated August 6,
1996 on stipulating penalties for administrative violations in the state
management of health./.