AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF AUSTRALIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF
THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM FOR THE AVOIDANCE OF DOUBLE TAXATION AND THE
PREVENTION OF FISCAL EVASION WITH RESPECT TO TAXES ON INCOME
The Government
of Australia and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Desiring to
conclude and Agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention
of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income Have agreed as follows :
Article 1. Personal Scope
This
Agreement shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the
Contracting States.
Article 2. Taxes Covered
1. The
existing taxes to which this Agreement shall apply are :
(a) in
Australia the income tax, and the resource rent tax in respect of offshore
projects relating to exploration for or exploitation of petroleum resources,
imposed under the federal law of Australia;
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(i) the
income tax; (ii) the profit tax; and (iii) the withholding tax.
2. This
Agreement shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes on
income, profits or gains which are imposed under the federal law of Australia
or the law of Vietnam after the date of signature of this Agreement in addition
to, or in place of, the existing taxes. The competent authorities of the
Contracting State shall notify each other of any substantial changes which have
been made in the laws of their respective State relating to the taxes to which
this Agreement applies within a reasonable period of time after those changes.
Article 3. General Definitions
1. In this
Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires :
(a) the term
"Australia", when used in a geographical sense, excludes all external
territories other than:
(i) the
Territory of Norfolk Island;
(ii) the
Territory of Christmas Island;
(iii) the
Territory of Cocos (keeling) Island;
(iv) the
Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Island;
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(vi) the
Cocos Sea Island Territory and includes any area adjacent to the territorial
limits of Australia (including the Territories specified in this subparagraph)
in respect of which there is for the time being in force, consistently with
international law, a law of Australia dealing with the exploration for or
exploitation of any of the natural resources of the seabed and subsoil of the
continental shelf;
(b) the term
"Vietnam" means the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, and, when used in
a geographical sense, includes national territory and any area adjacent to the
territorial waters of Vietnam and beyond the territorial limit of Vietnam which
in accordance with international law has been designated as area within which
the rights of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam with respect to the exploration
and the exploitation of any natural resources of the seabed and subsoil.
(c) the term
"Contracting State" means Australia or Vietnam, as the context
requires, the Governments of which have concluded this Agreement;
(d) the term
"person" includes an individual, a company and any other body of
persons;
(e) the term
"company" means any entity which is treated as a company or body
corporate for tax purposes;
(f) the terms
"enterprise of a Contracting State" and "enterprise of the other
Contracting State" mean an enterprise carried on by a resident of
Australia or an enterprise carried on by a resident of Vietnam, as the context
requires;
(g) the term
"tax" means Australia tax or Vietnamese tax, as the context requires,
but does not include any penalty or interest imposed under the law of either
Contracting State relating to its tax;
(h) the term
"Australia tax" means tax imposed by Australia, being tax to which
this Agreement applies by virtue of Article 2.
(i) the term
"Vietnamese tax" means tax imposed by Vietnam, being tax to which
this Agreement applies by virtue of Article 2.
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2. In the
application of this Agreement by a Contracting State, any term not defined in
this Agreement shall unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning
which it has under the laws of that State from time in force relating to the
taxes to which this Agreement applies.
Article 4. Residence
1. For the
purposes of this Agreement, a person is resident of a Contracting State
(a) In the
case of Australia, if the person is a resident of Australia for the purposes of
Australia tax; and
(b) In the
case of Vietnam, if the person is liable, under the law of Vietnam, to tax
therein by reason of the person's domicile, residence, place of management of
any other criterion of a similar nature.
2. A person
is not a resident of a Contracting State for the purposes of this Agreement if
the person is liable to tax in that State in respect only income from sources
in that State.
3. Where by
reason of the preceding provisions of this Article a person, being an
individual, is a resident of both Contracting State, then the status of the
person shall be determined in accordance with the following rules :
(a) The
person shall be deemed to be a resident solely of the Contracting State in
which a permanent home is available to the person;
(b) If a
permanent home is available to the person in both Contracting State, or in
neither of them, the person shall be deemed to be a resident solely of the
Contracting State with which the person's economic and personal relations are
closer.
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Article 5. Permanent Establishment
1. For the
purposes of this Agreement, the term "permanent establishment", in
relation to an enterprise, means a fixed place of business through which the
business of the enterprise is wholly or partly carried on.
2. The term
"permanent establishment" shall include especially :
(a) A place
of management;
(b) A branch;
(c) A office;
(d) A
factory;
(e) A
workshop;
(f) A mine,
an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural
resources;
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(h) A
building site or construction, installation or assembly project which exists
for more than 183 days.
3. An
enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment merely by
reason of :
(a) The use
of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods
or merchandise belonging to the enterprise; or
(b) The
maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise
solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery; or
(c) The
maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise
solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise; or
(d) The
maintenance of fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing
goods or merchandise, or for collecting information, for the enterprise; or
(e) The
maintenance of fixed place of business solely for the purpose of activities
which have a preparatory or auxiliary character for the enterprise, such as
advertising or scientific research.
4. An
enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting
State and to carry on business through that permanent establishment if :
(a) In carries
on supervisory activities in that State for more than 183 days in connection
with a building site, or a construction, installation or assembly project,
which is being undertaken in that State; or
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5. A person
acting in a Contracting State on behalf of an enterprise of the other
Contracting State - other than an agent of an independent status to whom
paragraph 6 applies - shall be deemed to be a permanent establishment of that
enterprise in the firs t mentioned State if :
(a) The
persons has, and habitually exercises in that State, an authority to conclude
contracts on behalf of the enterprise, unless the person's activities are
limited to the purchasing of goods merchandise for the enterprise; or
(b) In so
acting, the person manufactures or processes in that State for the enterprise
goods or merchandise belonging to that enterprise.
6. An
enterprise of a Contracting State shall not be deemed to have a permanent
establishment in the other Contracting State merely because if carries on
business in that other State through a person who is broker, general commission
agent or any other a gent of an independent status and is acting in the
ordinary course of the person's business as such a broker or agent.
7. The fact
that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is
controlled by company which is a resident of the other Contracting State, or
which carries, on business in that other State (whether through a permanent
establishment or otherwise) shall not of itself make either company a permanent
establishment of the other.
8. The
principle set forth in the preceding paragraphs of this Article shall be
applied in determining for the purposes of paragraph 5 of Article 11 and
paragraph 5 of Article 12 whether there is a permanent establishment outside
both Contracting State , and whether an enterprise, not being an enterprise of
a Contracting State, has a permanent establishment in a Contracting State.
Article 6. Income from Real Property
1. Income
from real property may be taxed in the Contracting State in which the real
property is situated.
2. IN this
Article, the term "real property" :
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(i) a lease
of land and any other interest in or over land, whether improved or not,
including a right to explore for mineral, oil or gas deposits or other natural
resources, and a right to mine those deposits or resources; and
(ii) A right
to receive variable or fixed payments either as consideration for or in respect
of the exploitation of, or the right to explore for or exploit, mineral, oil or
gas deposits, quarries or other places of extraction or exploitation of natural
re sources;
(b) In the
case of Vietnam, means property which according to the laws of Vietnam is
immovable property, and includes :
(i) Property
accessory to immovable property;
(ii) Rights
to which the provisions of general law in respect of landed property apply; and
(iii)
Usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as
consideration for the working of, or the right to work mineral deposits,
sources, and other natural resources;
(c) Does not
include ships and aircraft.
3. Any
interest or right referred to in paragraph 2 shall be regarded as situated
where the land, mineral, oil or gas deposits, quarries or natural resources, as
the case may be, are situated or where the exploration may take place.
4. The
provisions of paragraph 1 apply to income derived from the direct use, letting
or use in any other form, of real property.
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Article 7. Business Profits
1. The
profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that
State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State
through a permanent establishment situated in that other State. If the
enterprise carries o n business in that manner, the profits of the enterprise
may be taxed in the other State but only so much of them as is attributable to
that permanent establishment.
2. Subject to
the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprises of a Contracting State
carries on business in the Contracting State through a permanent establishment
situated in that other State, there shall in each Contracting State be
attributed to t hat permanent establishment the profits which it might be
expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the
same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing
wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent
establishment or with other enterprises with which it deals.
3. In the
determination of the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be
allowed as deductions expenses of the enterprise, being expenses which are
incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment (including executive
and general administrative expenses so incurred) and which would be deductible
if the permanent establishment were an independent entity which paid those
expenses, whether incurred in the Contracting State in which the permanent
establishment is situated or elsewhere.
4. No profits
shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase
by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.
5. Nothing in
this Article shall affect the application of any law of a Contracting State
relating to the determination of the tax liability of a person in cases where
the information available to the competent authority of that State is
inadequate to det ermine the profits to be attributed to a permanent
establishment, provided that that law shall be applied, so far as the
information available to the competent authority permits, consistently with the
principles of this Article.
6. Where
profits include items of income or gains which are dealt with separately in
other Article of this Agreement, then the provisions of those Articles shall
not be affected by the provisions of this Article.
7. Nothing in
this Article shall affect the operation of any law of a Contracting State
relating to tax imposed on profits from insurance with nonresidents provided
that if the relevant law in force in either Contracting State at the date of
signature of this Agreement is varied (otherwise than in minor respects so as
not to affect its general character) the Contracting States shall consult with
each other with a view to agreeing to any amendment of this paragraph that may
be appropriate.
8. Where :
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(b) In
relation to that enterprise, that trustee would, in accordance with the
principles of Article 5, have a permanent establishment in that other State.
The
enterprise carried on by the trustee shall be deemed to be a business carried
on in the other State by that resident through a permanent establishment
situated in that other State and that share of business profits shall be
attributed to that permanent establishment.
Article 8. Ships and Aircraft
1. Profits
from the operation of ships or aircraft derived by a resident of a Contracting
State shall be taxable only in that State.
2.
Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph 1, such profits may be taxed in the
other Contracting State where they are profits from operations of ships or
aircraft confined solely to places in that other State.
3. The
provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply in relation to the share of the
profits from the operation of ships or aircraft derived by a resident of a
Contracting State through participation in a pool service, in a joint transport
operating organization or in an international operating agency.
4. For the
purposes of this Article, profits derived from the carriage by ships or
aircraft of passengers, livestock, mail, goods or merchandise shipped in a
Contracting State for discharge at another place in that State shall be treated
as profits from operations of ships or aircraft confined solely to places in
that State.
Article 9. Associated Enterprises
1 Where :
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(b) The same
persons participate directly in the management, control or capital of an
enterprise of a Contracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting
State.
And in either
case conditions operate between the two enterprises in their commercial or
financial relations which differ from those which might be expected to operate
between independent enterprises dealing wholly independently with one another,
then an y profits which, but for those conditions, might have been expected to
accrue to one of the any enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have
not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed
accordingly.
2. Nothing in
this Article shall affect the application of any law of a Contracting State
relating to the determination of the tax liability of a person, including
determinations in cases where the information available to the competent
authority of that State in inadequate to determine the income to be attributed
to an enterprise, provided that that law shall be applied, so far as it is
practicable to do so, consistently with the principles of this Article.
3. Where
profits on which an enterprises of a Contracting State has been charged to tax
in that State are also included, by virtue of paragraph 1 or 2, in the profits
of an enterprise of the other Contracting State and charged to tax in that
other State , and the profits so included are profits which might have been expected
to have accrued to that enterprise of the other State if the conditions
operative between the enterprises had been those which might have been expected
to have operated between independent enterprises dealing wholly independently
with one another, then the first mentioned State shall make an appropriate
adjustment to the amount of tax charged on those profits in the first mentioned
State. In determining such an adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other
provisions of this Agreement and for this purpose the competent authorities of
the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other.
Article 10. Dividends
1. Dividends
paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State for the purposes
of its tax, being dividends to which a resident of the other Contracting State
is beneficially entitled, may be taxed in that other State.
2. Those
dividends may be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the
dividends is a resident for the purposes of its tax, and according to the law
of that State, but the tax so charged shall not exceed, in Australia, 15
percent, and, i n Vietnam, 10 percent, of the gross amount of the dividends.
3. The term
"dividends" in this Article means income from shares and other income
assimilated to income from shares by the law, relating to tax, of the
Contracting State of which the company making the distribution is a resident is
a resident for the purposes of its tax.
4. The
provisions of paragraph 2 shall not apply if the person beneficially entitled
to the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business
in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a
resident, through a permanent establishment situated in that other State, or
performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base
situated in that other State, and the holding in respect of which the dividends
are paid is effectively connected with that permanent establishment or fixed
base. In that case the provisions of Article 7 or 14, as the case may be, shall
apply.
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Article 11. Interest
1. Interest
arising a Contracting State, being interest to which a resident of the other
Contracting State is beneficially entitled, may be taxed in that other State.
2. That
interest may be taxed in the Contracting State in which it arises, and
according to the law of that State. But the tax so charged shall not exceed 10
per cent of the gross amount of the interest.
3. The term
"interest" in this Article includes interest from Government
securities or from bonds or debentures, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether
or not carrying a right to participate in profits, interest from any other form
or indebtedness and all other income assimilated to income from money lent by
the law. Relating to tax, of the Contracting State in which the income arises.
4. The provisions
of paragraph 2 shall not apply if the person beneficially entitled to the
interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the
other Contracting State, in which the interest arises, through a permanent
establishment situated in that other State, or performs in that other State
independent personal services from a fixed base situated in that other State,
and the indebtedness in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively
connected with that permanent establishment or fixed base. In that case, the
provision of Article 7 or 14, as the case may be, shall apply.
5. Interest
shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is that State
itself or a political subdivision or local authority of that State or a person
who is a resident of that State for the purposes of its tax. Where, however,
the person paying the interest, whether the person is a resident of a
Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State or outside both
Contracting State a permanent establishment or fixed base in connection with
which the indebtedness on which the interest i s paid was incurred, and that
interest is borne by that permanent establishment or fixed base, then the
interest shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent
establishment or fixed base is situated.
6. Whether,
owning to special relationship between the payer and the person beneficially
entitled to the interest, or between both of them and some other person, the
amount of the interest paid, having regard to the indebtedness for which it is
paid, exceeds the person so entitled in the absence of that relationship, the
provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In
that case, the excess part of the amount of the interest paid shall remain
taxable according to the law, relating to tax, of each Contracting State, but
subject to the other provisions of this Agreement.
Article 12. Royalties
1. Royalties
arising in a Contracting State, being royalties to which a resident of the
other Contracting State is beneficially entitled, may be taxed in that other
State.
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3. The term
"royalties" in this Article means payments or credits, whether
periodical or not, and however described or computed, to the extent to which
they are made as consideration for :
(a) The use
of, or the right to use, any copyright, patent, design or model, plan secret
formula or process, trademark or other like property or right; or
(b) The use
of, or the right to use, any industrial, commercial or scientific equipment; or
(c) The
supply of scientific, technical, industrial or commercial knowledge or
information; or
(d) The
supply of any assistance that is ancillary and subsidiary to, and is furnished
as a means of enabling the application or enjoyment of, any such property or
right as is mentioned in subparagraph (a), any such equipment as is mentioned
in subparagraph (b) or any such knowledge or information as is mentioned in
subparagraph.
(E) the use
of, or the right to use :
(i) motion
picture films; or
(ii) films or
video tapes for use in connection with television; or
(iii) tapes
for use in connection with radio broadcasting; or
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4. The
provisions of paragraph 2 shall not apply if the person beneficially entitled
to the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business
in the other Contracting State, in which the royalties arise, through a
permanent establishment situated in that other State, or performs in that other
State independent personal services from a fixed base situated in that other
State, and the property or right in respect of which the royalties are paid or
credited is effectively connected wi th that permanent establishment or fixed
base. In that case, the provisions or article 7 or 14, as the case may be,
shall apply.
5. Royalties
shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is that State
itself or a political subdivision or local authority of that State or a person
who is a resident of that State for the purposes of its tax. Where, however,
the perso n paying the royalties, whether the person is a resident of a
Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State or outside both
Contracting States a permanent establishment or fixed base in connection with
which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and the royalties are
borne by the permanent establishment or fixed base, then the royalties shall be
deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base
is situated.
6. Where,
owning to a special relationship between the payer and the person beneficially
entitled to the royalties, or between both of them and some other person, the
amount of the royalties paid or credited, having regard to what they are paid
or credit ed for, exceeds the amount which might have been expected to have
been agreed upon by the payer and the person so entitled in the absence of such
relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the
last-mentioned amount. In that case, th e excess part of the amount of the
royalties paid or credited shall remain taxable according to the law, relating
to tax, of each Contracting State, but subject to the other provisions of this
Agreement.
Article 13. Alienation of Property
1. Income, profits
or against derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of
real property situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that
other State.
2. Income,
profits or against the alienation of property, other than real property that
forms part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an
enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or
pertains to fixed ba se available in that other State to a resident of the
first mentioned State for the purpose of performing independent personal
services, including income, profits or gains from the alienation of that
Contracting State (alone or with the whole enterprise) or of that fixed base,
may be taxed in that other State.
3. Income,
profits or gains from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in
international traffic, or of property (other than real property) pertaining to
the operation of those ships or aircraft, shall be taxable only in the
Contracting State of which the enterprise which operated those ships or
aircraft is a resident.
4. Income,
profits or gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the
alienation of shares or comparable interest in a company, the assets of which
consist wholly or principally of real property situated in the other
Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State.
5. Nothing in
this Agreement affects the application of a law of a Contracting State relating
to the taxation of gains of a capital nature derived from the alienation of
property other than that to which any of the preceding paragraphs of this
Article app ly.
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7. The
situation of real property shall be determined for the purposes of this Article
in accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 6.
Article 14. Independent Personal Services
1. Income
derived by an individual who is a resident of a Contracting State in respect of
professional services or other independent activities of a similar character shall
be taxable only in that State unless a fixed base is regularly available to the
individual in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing the
individual's activities. If such a fixed base is available to the individual,
the income may be taxed in the other State but only so much of it as is
attributable to activities exercised from that fixed base.
2. The term
"professional services" includes services performed in the exercise
of independent scientific, literary, artistic, education or teaching activities
as well as in the exercise of the independent activities of physicians,
lawyers, engineers, dentists and accountants.
Article 15. Dependent Personal Services
1. Subject to
the provisions of Article 16,18 and 19, salaries, wages and other similar
remuneration derived by an individual who is a resident of a Contracting State
in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the
employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so
exercised, such remuneration as is derived from that exercise may be taxed in
that other State.
2.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by an
individual who is a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment
exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first
mentioned State if :
(a) The
recipient is present in that other State for a period or periods not exceeding
in the aggregate 183 days in the year of income of that other State; and
(b) The
remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, employer who is not a resident of
that other State; and
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(d) The
remuneration is, or upon the application of this Article will be, subject to
tax in the first mentioned State.
3.
Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration in
respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in
international traffic by a resident of a Contracting State may be taxed in that
State.
Article 16. Director' fees
Director'
fees and similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting State as a
member of the board of director of a company which is a resident of the other
Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.
Article 17. Entertainers
1.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 14 and 15, income derived by
entertainers (such as theatrical, motion picture, radio or television artistes
and musicians and athletes) from their personal activities as such may be taxed
in the Contracting State in which these activities are exercised.
2. Where
income in respect of the personal activities of an entertainers as such accrues
not to that entertainer but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding
the provisions of Article 7,14 and 15, be taxed in the Contracting State in
which the activities of the entertainer are exercised.
Article 18. Pensions and Annuities
1. Pensions
(including government pensions) and annuities paid to resident of a Contracting
State shall be taxable only in that State.
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3. Any
alimony or other maintenance payment arising in a Contracting State and paid to
a resident of the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first
mentioned State.
Article 19. Government Service
1.
Remuneration, other than a pension or annuity, paid by a Contracting State or a
political subdivision or local authority of that State to any individual in
respect of services rendered in the discharge of government functions shall be
taxable only in that State. However, such remuneration shall be taxable only in
the other Contracting State if the services are rendered in that other State
and the recipient is a resident of that other State who :
(a) is a
citizen or national of that State; or (b) did not become a resident of that
State solely for the purpose of performing the services.
2. The
provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to remuneration in respect of
services rendered in connection with any trade or business carried on by a
Contracting State or a political subdivision or local authority of that State.
In that case, the provisions of Article 15 or 16, as the case may be, shall
apply.
Article 20. Students
Where a
student, who is a resident of a Contracting State or who was a resident of that
State immediately before visiting the other Contracting State and who is
temporarily present in that other State solely for the purpose of the student's
education, receives payment from sources outside that other State for the
purpose of the student's maintenance or education, those payments shall be
exempt from tax in that other State.
Article 21. Income Not Expressly Mentioned
1. Items of
income of resident of a Contracting State which are not expressly mentioned in
the foreign Articles of this Agreement shall be taxable only in that State.
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3. The provisions
of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from real property
as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, derived by a resident of a Contracting
State where that income is effectively connected with a permanent establishment
of fixed base situated in the other Contracting State. In that case, the
provision of Article 7 or 14, as the case may be, shall apply.
Article 22. Source of Income
1. Income,
profits or gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State which, under any
one or more of Article 6 to 8, 10 to 19 and 21, may be taxed in the other
Contracting State shall for the purposes of the law of that other Contracting
State relating to its tax be deemed to be income from sources in that other
Contracting State.
2. Income,
profits or gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State which, under any
one or more of Article 6 to 8, 10 to 19 and 21 may be taxed in the other
Contracting State shall for the purposes of Article 23 and of the law of the
first mentioned Contracting State relating to its tax be deemed to be income
from sources in the other Contracting State.
Article 23. Methods of Elimination of Double Taxation
1. Subject to
the provisions of the law of Australia from time in force which relate to the
allowance of a credit against Australian tax of tax paid in a country outside
Australia (which shall not affect the general principle of this Article),
Vietnamese tax paid under the law of Vietnam and in accordance with this
Agreement, whether directly or by deduction, in respect of income derived by a
person who is a resident of Australia from sources in Vietnam shall be allowed
as a credit against Australian ta x payable in respect of that income.
2. Where a
company which is a resident of Vietnam and is not a resident of Australia for
the purposes of Australian tax pays a dividend to a company which is a resident
of Australia and which controls directly or indirectly not less than 10 percent
of the voting power of the first mentioned company, the credit referred to in
paragraph 1 shall include the Vietnamese tax paid by that first mentioned
company in respect of that portion of its profits out of which the dividend is
paid.
3. For the
purposes of paragraph 1 and 2, Vietnamese tax paid shall include an amount
equivalent to the amount of any Vietnamese tax forgone.
4. In
paragraph 3, the term "Vietnamese tax forgone" means an amount which,
under the law of Vietnam relating to Vietnamese tax and in accordance with this
Agreement, would have been payable as Vietnamese tax on income but for an
exemption from, or a reduction of, Vietnamese tax on that income resulting from
the operation of those provisions of the laws of Vietnam which the Treasurer of
Australia and the Minister of finance of Vietnam determine from time to time in
letters exchanged for this purpose to be provisions to which this paragraph
applies. Subject to its terms, such a determination of applicable provisions
shall be valid for as long as those provisions are not modified after the date
of that determination or have been modified only in minor respects so as not to
affect their general character.
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6. Where a
resident of Vietnam derives income, profits or gains which under the law of
Australia and in accordance with this agreement may be taxed in Australia,
Vietnam shall allow as a credit against its tax on the income, profits or gains
an amount equal to the tax paid in Australia.
Article 24. Mutual Agreement Procedure
1. Where a
person who is a resident of a Contracting State considers that the actions of
the competent authority of one or both of the Contracting States result or will
result for the person in taxation not in accordance with this Agreement, the
person m ay, notwithstanding the remedies provided by the national laws of
those States, present a case to the competent authority of the Contracting
State of which the person is a resident. The case must be presented within 3
years from the first notification of the action giving rise to taxation not in
accordance with this Agreement.
2. The
competent authority shall endeavor, if the claim appears to it to be justified
and if it is not itself able to arrive at an appropriate solution, to resolve
the case with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a
view to the avoidance of taxation not in accordance with this Agreement. The
solution so reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the
national laws of the Contracting States.
3. The
competent authorities of the Contracting States shall jointly endeavor to
resolve any difficulties or doubts arising as to the application of this
Agreement.
4. The
competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other
directly for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Agreement.
Article 25. Exchange of Information
1. The
competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information
as is necessary for the carrying out of this Agreement or of the national laws
of the Contracting States concerning the taxes to which this Agreement applies
in so far as the taxation under those laws is not contrary to this Agreement.
The exchange of information is not restricted by Article 1. Any information
received by the competent authority of a Contracting State shall be treated as
secret in the same manner as information obtained under the national laws of
that State and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including
courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection
of enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in
relation to, the taxes to which this Agreement applies and shall be used only
for such purposes.
2. In no case
shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on the
competent authority of a Contracting State the obligation :
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(b) To supply
particulars which are not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of
the administration of that or of the other Contracting State; or
(c) To supply
information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or
professional secret or trade process, or to supply information the disclosure
of which would be contrary to public policy
Article 26. Diplomatic and Consular Officials
Nothing in
this Agreement shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic or consular
officials under the general rules of international law or under the provisions
of special international agreements.
Article 27. Entry into force
This
Agreement shall enter into force on the date on which the Contracting States
exchange notes through the diplomatic channel notifying each other that the
last of such things has been done as is necessary to give this Agreement the
force of law in Australia and in Vietnam, as the case may be, and in that
event, this Agreement shall have effect :
(a) In
Australia:
(i) In
respect of withholding tax on income that is derived by a nonresident, in
relation to income derived on or after 1 July in the calendar year next following
that in which the Agreement enters into force;
(ii) In
respect of other Australian tax, in relation to income, profits or gains of any
year of income beginning on or after 1 July in the calendar year next following
that in which the Agreement enters into force;
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(i) In
respect of taxes withheld at source, in relation to taxable amounts paid on or
after 1 January following the calendar year in which the Agreement enters into
force;
(ii) In
respect of other Vietnamese tax, in relation to income, profits or gains
arising in the calendar year following the calendar year in which the Agreement
enters into force, and in subsequent calendar years.
Article 28. Termination
This
Agreement shall continue in effect indefinitely, but either of the Contracting
States may, on or before 30 June in any calendar year beginning after the
expiration of 5 years from the date of its entry into force, give to the other
Contracting State through the diplomatic channel written notice of termination
and, in that event, this Agreement shall cease to be effective:
(a) In
Australia:
(i) In
respect of withholding ax on income that is derived by a nonresident, in
relation to income derived on or after 1 July in the calendar year next
following that in which the notice of termination is given;
(ii) In
respect of other Australia tax, in relation to income, profits or gains of any
year of income beginning or after 1 July in the calendar year next following
that in which the notice of termination is given.
(b) In
Vietnam:
(i) In
respect of taxes withheld a source, in relation to taxable amounts paid on or
after 1 January following the calendar year in which the notice of termination
is given;
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IN WITNESS
WHERE of the undersigned, duly authorized thereto, have signed this Agreement.
DONE in
duplicate at Hanoi, this.13.day of April , one thousand nine hundred and ninety
two in the English and Vietnamese languages, both texts being equally
authentic.