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MINISTRY
OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
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SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence – Freedom – Happiness
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No.:
03/2016/TT-BTNMT
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Hanoi,
March 10, 2016
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CIRCULAR
PROMULGATION OF NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON ENVIRONMENT
Pursuant to the Law on
Technical Regulations and Standards dated June 29, 2006;
Pursuant to the Law on
Environmental Protection dated June 23, 2014;
Pursuant to the Government's
Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP dated August 01, 2007 detailing the implementation of
a number of articles of the Law on Technical Regulations and Standards;
Pursuant to the Government’s
Decree No. 21/2013/ND-CP dated March 04, 2013 defining Functions, Tasks, Powers
and Organizational Structure of Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment;
At the request of Director
General of the Vietnam Environment Administration, Director of the Department
of Science and Technology, and Director of the Legal Department;
Minister of Natural
Resources and Environment promulgates this Circular to introduce National technical
regulation on environment.
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Article
2. This Circular shall
come into force as from May 01, 2016.
Article
3. Director General of
the Vietnam Environment Administration, heads of agencies affiliated to the
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Directors of Departments of
Natural Resources and Environment of provinces or central-affiliated cities,
and relevant organizations and individuals shall implement this Circular./.
MINISTER
Nguyen Minh Quang
QCVN
61-MT:2016/BTNMT
NATIONAL
TECHNICAL REGULATION ON DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE INCINERATOR
Foreword
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NATIONAL
TECHNICAL REGULATION ON DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE INCINERATOR
1. GENERAL
PROVISIONS
1.1. Scope
This Regulation provides technical
requirements for domestic solid waste incinerators and maximum allowable values
of parameters of pollutants in emissions of domestic solid waste incinerators.
1.2. Regulated entities
This Regulation shall apply to
organizations and individuals that manufacture, import, trade (or distribute)
and use domestic solid waste incinerators in the territory of the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam; environment regulatory agencies and other organizations
and individuals involved.
1.3. Interpretation of terms
For the purposes of this Regulation,
these terms are construed as below:
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1.3.2. “domestic solid waste
incinerator" refers to a system which is used for treatment of domestic
solid waste by burning and equipped with flue gas control system.
1.3.3. “combustion chamber” is the
place where DSW shall be incinerated by high temperature. It consists of:
a) “primary combustion chamber” refers
the place where DSW is combusted and reduced into gaseous and solid products
(slag, dust);
b) “secondary combustion chamber”
refers to the place where non-combusted gases leaving the primary combustion
chamber shall be completely combusted.
1.3.4. “retention time” is the length
of time that the flue gas moves from the entry point to the exit point of the
secondary combustion chamber at the temperature prescribed in the Schedule 1 of
this Regulation.
1.3.5. “flue gas” refers to the
mixture of material matters emitted into the air environment from the DSW
incinerator.
1.3.6. “slag” refers to residual solid
materials from combustion processes in the DSW incinerator.
1.3.7. “incinerator capacity” refers
to the handling ability of a DSW incinerator which is calculated by the maximum
weight of DSW fed into the incinerator per hour (kg/h).
1.3.8. “normal cubic meter (Nm3)”
refers to a cubic meter of flue gas at a temperature of 25oC and an
absolute pressure of 760 mmHg.
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2.1. Basic technical requirements for
DSW incinerators
2.1.1. DSW incinerator must operate in
the principle of multiple-level combustion and be comprised of both primary and
secondary combustion chambers. Combustion chamber volume, capacity and
retention time of DSW incinerator are determined according to guidance in the
Appendix enclosed herewith.
2.1.2. There are measures available to
prevent flue gas released into the air through the waste intake gate of the DSW
incinerator.
2.1.3. Chimney of a DSE incinerator
must satisfy the following requirements:
a) Chimney height must be logically
designed so as to satisfy all requirements on ambient air quality when flue gas
is released into the air environment provided that it shall not be less than
20m above the ground level. Within 40m measured from the base of the chimney,
if there is a fixed obstacle influencing the release of flue gas, the height of
the chimney must be at least 03m higher than the top of that obstacle;
b) The flue gas sampling porthole on
the chimney must be 90 mm - 110 mm in diameter or width of each dimension,
covered by a cap for adjusting the opening level; working platform must be safe
and convenient for access and sampling.
Sampling
porthole must be located between the following locations:
- Lower bound: At a distance of at
least 08 times the greatest inner diameter of the chimney above the highest
point of the joint between the chimney and the pipe of the flue gas control
system; - Upper bound: At a distance of at least 02 times the greatest inner
diameter of the chimney below the chimney flue.
2.1.4. Under normal operating
conditions, basic technical parameters of a DSW incinerator must comply with
the values prescribed in the Schedule 1 of this Regulation.
Schedule 1.
Basic technical parameters of a DSW incinerator
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Parameter
Measurement
unit
Required
value
1
Capacity of the DSW incinerator
(1)
kg/h
≥ 300
2
Temperature at the primary
combustion chamber (2)
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≥ 400
3
Temperature at the secondary
combustion chamber
0C
≥ 950
4
Retention time
s
≥ 2
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Temperature of flue gas (measured at
the sampling porthole)
0C
≤ 180
6
Residual oxygen (measured at the
sampling porthole)
%
6 - 15
7
Temperature at the outside of the
DSW incinerator (or the thermal barrier coating)
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≤ 60
8
Uninterrupted operation ability
(while mechanical stability and technical parameters are ensured) (3)
h
≥ 72
Notes:
(1) Capacity
of 300 kg/h is equivalent to the minimum volume of the primary combustion
chamber is 2.4 m3.
(2) In special
cases (such as anaerobic thermal combustion), the secondary combustion
chamber may operate at a temperature of below 400 oC provided that
trial operation meets requirements specified in Section 2.2 of this
Regulation and such operating temperature is certified to meet environmental
protection requirements for DSW treatment facilities by a competent
authority.
(3) The
assessment of this parameter is applied to the certification of satisfaction
of environmental protection requirements by a DSW treatment facility.
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2.1.6. The incinerator must be
equipped with the flue gas control system that operates according to the
following steps:
a) Cooling (quickly lowering
temperature);
b) Dust handling;
c) Handling hazardous components in
flue gas.
The abovementioned steps may be taken
on the one equipment or combined equipment parts.
2.1.7. If the distance between the
waste intake gate and the farthest point of the secondary combustion chamber is
higher than 02m, mechanical equipment must be assembled to intake, mix and
blend DSW in the primary combustion chamber (except special technologies) and
mechanical system for collecting slag.
2.1.8. The DSW incinerator must be
equipped with by-pass valve so as to release flue gas directly to the chimney
in case the flue gas control system fails. The bypass valve may be operated by
a manual or automatic control switch which is designed at a height suitable for
the operator and convenient for control of the bypass valve in case of upset.
The introduction of DSW into the incinerator must be stopped immediately when
operating the bypass valve.
2.2. Maximum allowable values of
parameters of pollutants in flue gas of DSW incinerator
Under normal operating conditions,
maximum allowable values of parameters of pollutants in flue gas of DSW
incinerator are calculated by adopting the following formula:
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Where:
- Cmax: Maximum allowable
value of parameter of pollutant;
- C: Concentration of parameter of
pollutant as prescribed in the Schedule 2 of this Regulation;
- Kv: Regional coefficient
as prescribed in the Schedule 3 of this Regulation.
Schedule 2.
Concentrations (C) of parameters of pollutants in flue gas of DSW incinerator
No.
Parameters
of pollutants
Measurement
unit
Concentration
(C)
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Total particulate matter
mg/Nm3
100
2
Hydrochloric acid, HCl
mg/Nm3
50
3
Carbon monoxide (CO)
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250
4
Sulfur dioxide, SO2
mg/Nm3
250
5
Nitrogen oxide (NOx)
(expressed as NO2)
mg/Nm3
500
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Mercury and its compounds (Hg)
mg/Nm3
0.2
7
Cadmium and its compounds (Cd)
mg/Nm3
0.16
8
Lead and its compounds (Pb)
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1.2
9
Total dioxin/furan (PCDD/PCDF)
ngTEQ/Nm3
0.6
Reference
content of oxygen in the flue gas is 12%.
Schedule 3.
Regional coefficients Kv
Region
Coefficient
Kv
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Special Class urban areas(1) and Class
I urban areas(1); specialized forests(2); DSW
incinerators located in areas below 02 km away from the boundaries of the
said areas.
0.6
Region 2
Class II, III, and IV urban
areas(1); suburban areas of Special Class areas and Class I areas the
distance of which from the boundaries of urban areas are ≥ 02 km; DSW
incinerators located in areas below 02 km away from the boundaries of the
said areas.
0.8
Region 3
Industrial parks; Class V urban
areas(1); suburban areas of Class II, III, and IV urban areas
the distance of which from the boundaries of urban areas are ≥ 02 km; DSW
incinerators located in areas below 02 km away from the boundaries of the
said areas(3).
1.0
Region 4
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1.2
Region 5
Mountainous rural areas
1.4
Notes:
(1) Urban
areas are determined according to the Government’s Decree
No. 42/2009/ND-CP dated May 07, 2009 on classification of urban areas.
(2)
Specialized forests are determined according to the Law on Forest Protection
and Development dated December 14, 2004, including: national parks,
sanctuaries, landscape protection zones, forests serving scientific research
and experiments.
(3) If the
distance from the emission source to 02 areas or more is smaller than 02 km,
the smallest regional coefficient (Kv) shall apply.
3.
REGULATIONS ON OPERATION AND SUPERVISION
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3.1.1. A safe operating procedure for
DSW incinerator must be formulated and applied, and consisted of the following
contents:
a) A DSW incinerator must be started
according to the following steps (except DSW incinerators that operate
according to special operating procedures as prescribed by manufacturers and
certified by competent authorities to fulfill environmental protection
requirements):
- Step 1: Start the flue gas control
system;
- Step 2: Start and heat all
combustion chambers;
- Step 3: Feed DSW into the DSW
incinerator.
b) Operation of a DSW incinerator must
end according to the following steps:
- Step 1: Stop feeding DSW into the
DSW incinerator;
- Step 2: Stop the flue gas control
system when temperature of the secondary combustion chamber falls below 200oC.
3.1.2. DSW must be controlled before
being fed into the DSW incinerator so as not to influence the normal operation
of the DSW incinerator; the following types of waste shall not be fed into the
DSW incinerator: waste posing risk of explosion; corrosive waste; pesticides
and pesticide packaging; waste containing mercury, lead or cadmium at levels
higher than those of hazardous waste.
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3.1.4. A log of operation of DSW
incineration must be kept and include information about the quantity, up-time
and operator’s name, temperatures at locations where temperature meters are
installed.
3.2. Supervision of DSW incinerator
3.2.1. Temperature meters must be
installed in combustion chambers of a DSW incinerator. With regard to DSW
incinerators with a capacity of 500 kg/h or higher, temperature meters must be
installed behind the cooling equipment so as to measure temperatures of the
flue gas.
3.2.2. Periodic inspection of DSW
incinerators for compliance with environmental protection requirements shall be
conducted in accordance with applicable regulations and at the request of
environment regulatory agencies.
4. DETERMINATION
METHOD
4.1. Methods for sampling and
determination of values of parameters of pollutants are provided in the
standards mentioned in the following Schedule 4.
Schedule 4.
Sampling and determination methods
No.
Parameter
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1
Total particulate matter
- TCVN 5977:2009 - Stationary source
emissions – Manual determination of mass concentration of particulate matter
- EPA 5 - Determination of
particulate matter emissions from stationary sources.
2
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- TCVN 7244:2003 - Health care solid
waste incinerators - Determination method of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
concentration in flue gas.
- EPA 26 - Determination of
hydrochloric acid emissions from stationary sources.
3
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- TCVN 7242:2003 - Health care solid
waste incinerators - Determination method of carbon monoxide (CO)
concentration in flue gas.
- EPA 10 - Determination of carbon
monoxide emissions from stationary sources.
4
Sulfur dioxide, SO2
- TCVN 6750:2005 - Stationary source
emissions – Determination of mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide - Ion chromatography method.
- EPA 6 - Determination of sulfur
dioxide emissions from stationary sources.
- TCVN 6750:2005 - Stationary source
emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2)
- Performance characteristics of automated measuring methods.
5
Nitrogen oxide (NOx) (as
NO2)
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- EPA 7 - Determination of nitrogen
oxide emissions from stationary sources.
6
Mercury and its compounds (Hg)
- TCVN 7557-2:2005 - Health care
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in flue gas – Part
2: Determination of mercury concentrations by cold vapour atomic
absorption method.
- TCVN 7557-1:2005 - Health care
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in flue gas – Part
3: Determination of cadmium and lead concentrations by flame and
electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method.
<0}
- EPA 29 - Determination of metals
emissions from stationary sources.
- EPA 12 - Determination of
inorganic lead emissions from stationary sources.
7
Cadmium and its compounds (Cd)
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Lead and its compounds (Pb)
9
Total dioxin/furan (PCDD/PCDF)
- TCVN 7556-1: 2005 - Health care
solid waste incinerator - Determination of the mass concentration
of PCDDs/PCDFs - Part 1: Sampling.
- TCVN 7556-2: 2005 - Health care
solid waste incinerator - Determination of the mass concentration
of PCDDs/PCDFs - Part 2: Extraction and clean-up.
- TCVN 7556-3: 2005 - Health care
solid waste incinerator - Determination of the mass concentration
of PCDDs/PCDFs - Part 3: Identification and quantification.
4.2. Examination methods which are
mentioned in other national and international standards and have their accuracy
proved equal to or higher than those mentioned in standards set forth in the
Section 4.1 of this Regulation shall be accepted.
5. IMPLEMENTION
5.1. DSW incinerators that have been
established and operating before the date of entry into force of this
Regulation shall be exempted from the compliance with provisions in Section 2.2
herein for 06 months and other provisions of this Regulation for 03 years as
from the date of entry into force of this Regulation.
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5.3. Environment regulatory agencies
shall be responsible for instructing and inspecting and the implementation of
this Regulation.
5.4. In case national standards
referred to in this Regulation are amended or replaced, the new ones shall
apply. /.
APPENDIX
GUIDANCE ON DETERMINATION OF VALUES OF CERTAIN TECHNICAL
PARAMETERS OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE INCINERATORS
(Enclosed with QCVN 61-MT:2016/BTNMT – National technical regulation on
domestic solid waste incinerators)
1. Determination of volume of primary
combustion chamber
Volume of the primary combustion
chamber is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Or:
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Where:
- Vsc: Volume of the
primary combustion chamber (m3);
- Ctk: Design capacity of
the DSW incinerator (kg/h);
- Q: Low heating value of DSW
(kcal/kg) (the heating value of DSW classified as waste of 30% moisture content
shall be 1,200 kcal/kg – 1,700 kcal/kg);
- q: Volumetric heat release rate of
the combustion chamber (kcal/m3h) (the volumetric heat release rate
of the combustion chamber of a DSW incinerator with uninterrupted operation
shall be 80,000 kcal/m3h – 150,000 kcal/m3h).
2. Determination of volume of
secondary combustion chamber
Volume of the secondary combustion
chamber is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Vtc = ttk
x Q
Where:
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- ttk: Design retention
time (≥ 2s);
- Q: The volumetric air flow in the
secondary combustion chamber (m3/s).
3.
Determination of actual capacity of DSW incinerator
Actual capacity of a DSW incinerator
may vary with its design capacity and change depending on characteristics of
each type of waste fed into the DSW incinerator. Actual design is calculated by
adopting the following formula:
3.1. In case of
availability of heating value of DSW
In case of availability of heating
value of DSW, actual capacity (S) of the DSW incinerator shall be calculated by
adopting the following formula:
Where:
- S: Actual capacity of DSW
incinerator (kg/h); - Vsc: Volume of the primary combustion chamber
(m3);
- q: Volumetric heat release rate of
the combustion chamber (kcal/m3h);
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3.2. Calculation of
actual capacity based on operating status of DSW incinerator
4. Determination of
actual retention time
In case of unavailability of
measurement method with high accuracy such as measurement of moving time of
materials (particulate matters) indicated in the secondary combustion chamber,
actual retention time of DSW incinerator shall be calculated by adopting the
following formula:
Where:
- t: Actual retention time (s);
- Vtc: Actual volume of the
secondary combustion chamber (m3);
- Q: Volumetric air flow in the
secondary combustion chamber (m3/s). Q may be extrapolated based on
the flow of flue gas measured at the sampling porthole on the chimney or the
flow of exhaust fan behind the secondary combustion chamber.