To: Credit
institutions
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Pursuant to Circular No. 03/2022/TT-NHNN dated May
20, 2022 of the State Bank of Vietnam on interest subsidies provided by state
budget on loans of enterprises, cooperatives, and household businesses
(hereinafter referred to as Circular No. 03);
Pursuant to the chart of accounts of credit
institutions issued together with Decision No. 479/2004/QD-NHNN dated April 29,
2004 of the Governor of the State Bank and Decisions, Circulars on amendments
to the chart of accounts of credit institutions;
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I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1. The Bank shall calculate
interests on loans with interest subsidy as prescribed in Point b, Clause 3,
Article 7 of Decree No. 31, and record the interests on loans with interest
subsidy according to the guidance in this Official Dispatch.
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3. The Bank must have internal
regulations (instructions) on accounting for interest subsidy for uniform
implementation in the system. The Bank is fully responsible for the
accuracy, truthfulness, timeliness and completeness of accounting data,
vouchers, forms and documents related to the grant of the interest subsidy, and
the preparation, storage, and maintenance of accounting vouchers of loans with
interest subsidy in accordance with regulations.
4. For banks that have their
own monitoring software system to monitor specific entries of subsidized
interest expected to be collected, subsidized portion of interest, etc., the
Bank is allowed to calculate, monitor, collate and check the data of the
above-mentioned entries according to Sections II and III of this Official
Dispatch on separate appropriate management software (not having to open
detailed accounts) to record, summarize and report the main report data, forms
and documents related to the interest subsidy in an accurate, timely, complete
and reliable manner in accordance with the provisions of Decree No. 31,
guidance in Circular No. 03 and current regulations of law. In this case,
the Bank must have a management system and practice procedures and give
thorough instructions to staff in charge.
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1. Depending on specific
application of technology and management, the Bank shall open general account of
level 4, level 5 or appropriate detailed account of category 2 - Credit
activities and 02 detailed accounts under account 3941 “Receivable interests
from Vietnamese Dong loans” in order to separately supervise the interest
excluding the interest subsidy of the loan with interest subsidy (details: Interest
receivable from a loan with interest subsidy) and interest subsidy sum that has
been granted to the borrower but still has to be recovered at the request of
the Bank and/or the competent authority (details: Interest subsidy
granted but still to be recovered).
2. The Bank opens 03 detailed
accounts under account 3539 - “Amounts awaiting payment from the State Budget”
to separately account for and monitor interest subsidy deducted for/refunded to
the borrower (details: Realized receivables of interest subsidy); interest
subsidy awaiting to be deducted for/refunded to the borrower (details: Unrealized
receivables of interest subsidy); and refund the interest subsidy granted
to the borrower that has to be recovered to the State Budget or remit to the
State Budget the amount of money received in excess of the granted limit
(details: The sum of interest subsidy remitted to the State budget pending
settlement).
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4. The Bank opens 03 detailed
accounts of account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong to monitor
and record the following transactions:
+ 01 detailed account of account 941 - Uncollected
loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Interest receivable from loan
with interest subsidy) to monitor and record the interest receivable from
the loan with interest subsidy.
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+ 01 detailed account of account 941 - Uncollected
loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Realized interest subsidy to
be recovered) to account for and manage the realized interest subsidy to be
recovered.
III. ACCOUNTING
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a) At the time of calculation and accounting of
receivable loan interest, based on the result of receivable interest
calculation, the accountant shall make following accounting entries:
↑ To Debit against account 3941 – Receivable
interest from Vietnamese Dong loan:
(detailed: Receivable interest from loan with interest subsidy)
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↑ To Debit against account 3539 – Amounts pending
for payment by State budget:
(detailed: Unrealized receivable of interest subsidy)
Interest subsidy pending for deduction for
borrower
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Total interest amount receivable from borrower
b) When the borrower pays in full and on schedule
the principal balance and/or interest receivable to the Bank, it is not a loan
extension, but the borrower's loan is not classified into the standard debt
category as prescribed in applicable law, the accountant shall make following
accounting entries:
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Total interest amount receivable from borrower
Or To Debit against account 809 - Other expenses
for credit activities:
(different accounting period)
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To Credit to account 3941 – Receivable interest
from Vietnamese Dong loan:
(detailed: Receivable interest from loan with interest subsidy)
Interest amount receivable from borrower
(interest subsidy excluded)
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Interest subsidy pending for deduction for
borrower
At the same time, open the accounting books
(off-balance sheet) and record:
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- To Debit to account 941 -
Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Interest
receivable from loan with interest subsidy) to monitor and record the
interest receivable from the loan with interest subsidy corresponding to the
balance of account 3941 mentioned above.
c) In case of the loan with overdue principal
balance and/or late payment interest balance:
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+ In case the interest subsidy is waiting to be
deducted for the borrower is monitored on account 3539 - Amounts waiting for
payment from the State budget (details: Unrealized receivable of
interest subsidy), the accountant shall make following accounting entries:
↑ To Debit against account 3941 – Receivable
interest from Vietnamese Dong loan:
(detailed: Receivable interest from loan with interest subsidy)
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↓ To Credit to account 3539
– Amounts pending for payment by State budget:
(detailed: Unrealized receivable of interest subsidy)
+ In case the interest subsidy is waiting to be
deducted for the borrower is monitored on the accounting book (off-balance
sheet), the accountant shall make following accounting entries: To Credit to
account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details:
Unrealized receivable of interest subsidy); and to Debit against
account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam dong (details: Receivable
interest from loan with interest subsidy).
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2. Accounting
when collecting loan interest
2.1. In case of direct deduction of the loan
interest payable by the borrower equal to the interest subsidy
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- In case the interest subsidy
is waiting to be deducted for the borrower is monitored on account 3539 -
Amounts waiting for payment from the State budget (details: Unrealized
receivable of interest subsidy), the accountant shall make following accounting
entries:
To Debit against appropriate account (cash,
deposit of borrower)
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To Credit to account 3941 - Receivable interest
from Vietnamese Dong loan (Detailed: Receivable interest from
loan with interest subsidy)
At the same time, to deduct the interest subsidy
for borrower, the accountant shall make accounting entries as follows:
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Realized
interest subsidy
To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for payment
by State budget (detailed: Unrealized receivable of interest
subsidy)
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To Debit against appropriate account (cash,
deposit of borrower):
Interest amount paid by borrower (of which
interest subsidy amount has been deducted)
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Amount of interest subsidy granted to the
borrower
To Credit to account 702 - Collection of loan
interest:
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To Credit to account 941 - Uncollected loan
interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Unrealized receivable of
interest subsidy) for the interest subsidy granted to the borrower and to
Credit to the account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details:
Receivable interest from loan with interest subsidy).
b) In case of interest collection according to the
cash accounting method: The accountant shall make the following entries:
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Interest amount paid by borrower (of which
interest subsidy amount has been deducted)
To Debit against account 3539 – Amounts pending
for payment:
(detailed: Realized receivable of interest subsidy)
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To Credit to account 702 - Collection of loan interest:
Total collected interest
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a) Collect the interest according to the accrual
accounting method:
- In case the interest subsidy
is waiting to be deducted for the borrower is monitored on account 3539 -
Amounts waiting for payment from the State budget (details: Unrealized
receivable of interest subsidy), the accountant shall make accounting entries
as follows:
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Total interest amount receivable from borrower
To Credit to account 3941 – Receivable interest
from Vietnamese Dong loan:
(detailed:
Receivable interest from loan with interest subsidy)
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To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for
payment by State budget:
(detailed: Unrealized receivable of interest subsidy)
Interest subsidy pending for deduction for
customer
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To Debit against account 3539 – Items pending for
payment by State budget (detailed: Realized receivable of interest
subsidy)
Realized
interest subsidy
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- In case the interest subsidy
waiting to be deducted for the borrower is monitored on accounting book
(off-balance sheet), the accountant shall make accounting entries as follows:
To Debit against appropriate account (cash,
deposit of customer)
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To Credit to account 702 - Collection of loan
interest
When refunding the interest subsidy to the
borrower on the same day of interest collection, the accountant shall make
accounting entries as follows:
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Realized interest subsidy
To Credit to appropriate account (cash, deposit
of borrower)
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b) In case of interest collection according to the
cash accounting method: The accountant shall make the following entries:
To Debit against appropriate account (cash,
deposit of customer)
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To Credit to account 702 - Collection of loan
interest
At the same time, to refund the interest subsidy to
borrower on the same day of interest collection, the accountant shall make
accounting entries as follows:
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Realized
interest subsidy
To Credit to appropriate account (cash, deposit
of borrower)
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When the Bank receives the sum of interest subsidy from
the State Budget, the accountant shall make the accounting entries as follows:
To Debit against appropriate account (deposit,
etc.)
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4. Accounting
for recovering the sum of interest subsidy improperly granted:
While granting interest subsidies, in case it is
discovered that certain interest subsidies have been granted to borrowers not
in accordance with Decree No. 31 and Circular No. 03, the Bank shall take the
following actions:
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- In case the interest subsidy
granted to the borrower is monitored on account 3539 - Amounts waiting for payment
from the State budget (details: Realized receivable of interest
subsidy), the accountant shall make accounting entries as follows:
To Debit against account 3941 - Receivable
interest from Vietnamese Dong loan (detailed: Interest subsidy
granted but still to be recovered)
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To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for
payment by State budget (detailed: Realized receivable of interest
subsidy)
- In case the interest subsidy
has not been deducted for the borrower, the Bank recorded and monitored it on
account 3539 - Amounts waiting for payment (details: Unrealized
receivable of interest subsidy) and account 941 - Uncollected loan interest
in Vietnam Dong (details: Unrealized receivable of interest subsidy) on
the accounting book (off-balance sheet):
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To Debit against account 3941 - Receivable
interest from Vietnamese Dong loan (Detailed: Receivable
interest from loan with interest subsidy)
Unrealized
receivable of interest subsidy
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+ Regarding the receivable interest subsidy that
has not been deducted/paid for the borrower and is monitored on the accounting
book (off-balance sheet), the accountant shall finalize it to monitor it as
interest receivable from loan with interest subsidy for continued collection,
the accountant shall make the accounting entries as follows: To Credit to
account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Unrealized
receivable of interest subsidy) and Debit against account 941 - Uncollected
loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Interest receivable from loan
with interest subsidy) with the corresponding amount.
- When the borrower's deposit
account has enough balance to immediately withdraw the interest subsidy that
has been granted against the regulations, or the borrower has paid enough cash
corresponding to the interest subsidy that has been granted against regulations
before or the Bank recovers part of the improperly granted interest subsidy
from the borrower, the accountant shall make accounting entries as follows:
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To Credit to account 3941 - Receivable interest
from Vietnamese Dong loan (detailed: Interest subsidy granted but
still to be recovered)
+ If the Bank immediately remits the recovered
interest subsidy that has been improperly granted to the State Budget, the Bank
shall account it according to the guidance at Point (5), Section III of this
Official Dispatch.
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- For the interest subsidy
that has been granted but has not been recovered:
+ In the process of monitoring and management, if
the Bank considers that the granted interest subsidy is uncollectible in
accordance with the applicable law, the accountant shall make the accounting
entries as follows:
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Or to Debit against account 702 - Loan interest
collection (same accounting period)
To Credit to account 3941 - Receivable interest
from Vietnamese Dong loan (detailed: Interest subsidy
granted but still to be recovered)
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+ When the Bank recovers the loan interest that has
been granted that is monitored on account 941 - Uncollected loan interest in
Vietnam dong (details: Realized receivable of interest subsidy), the
accountant shall make accounting entries as follows:
To Debit against appropriate account (cash, deposit
of borrower, etc.):
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To Credit to account 941 - Uncollected loan
interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Interest subsidy granted but still
to be recovered).
After the interest subsidy is recovered, the Bank
shall refund it to the State Bank and make accounting entries as prescribed in
Point (5) Section III of this Official Dispatch or make a report to deduct it
from the amount the State Budget pays for interest subsidy as prescribed in
Decree No. 31.
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In case the Bank immediately refunds to the State
Budget the amount of interest subsidy that has been improperly granted or
remits to the State Budget the amount received in excess of the granted limit,
the accountant shall make following accounting entries:
To Debit against account 3539 - Amounts pending for
payment by State budget (detailed: The sum of interest subsidy
remitted to the State budget pending settlement).
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6. Accounting
when finalizing interest subsidy:
Based on the results of annual appraisal of
interest subsidy of the Ministry of Finance, it is required to notify the
amount that the State Budget still has to pay to the Bank or recover; after
checking, if it matches exactly with the recorded and monitored data of
management of financial information at the Bank, the accountant shall document
and record the balance of account 4599 - Other pending payments (details: Receive
money for interest subsidy) and account 3539- - Amounts pending for payment
by State budget (detailed: The sum of interest subsidy remitted to the State
budget pending settlement).
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To Debit against appropriate account (deposit,
etc.)
The sum of interest subsidy to be received
after settlement of interest subsidy
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Total interest subsidy amount received from
the State Budget
To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for
payment by State budget (detailed: The sum of interest subsidy
remitted to the State budget pending settlement).
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To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for
payment by State budget:
(detailed: Realized receivable of interest subsidy)
Total realized interest subsidy – (minus)
realized interest subsidy to be recovered
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To Debit against account 4599 - Other amounts
pending for payment:
(detailed: Receiving money for interest subsidy)
Total interest subsidy amount received from
the State Budget
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Sum of money remitted to the State Budget
To Credit to account 3539 – Amounts pending for
payment by State budget:
(detailed: Realized receivable of interest subsidy)
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To Credit to appropriate account (deposit, etc.)
Sum of interest subsidy to be remitted to the
State Budget after settlement of interest subsidy
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- Regarding the interest
subsidy that has been granted but has not been recovered from the borrower and
is monitored on account 3941 - Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam dong (details:
Realized interest subsidy to be recovered) and account 941 -
Uncollected loan interest in Vietnam Dong (details: Realized interest
subsidy to be recovered), the Bank continues to monitor and recover this
sum of interest subsidy.
- In case the Bank and/or an
inspection authority (SBV, Government Inspectorate, etc.) discover more amounts
to be recovered from the interest subsidy granted after the settlement of
interest subsidy for the whole program has been approved, the Bank shall
immediately recover such amounts to return it to the State.
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Difficulties that arise during the implementation
of this document should be reported to the State Bank (via Department of
Finance and Accounting) for guidance and further actions./.
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BY ORDER OF THE
GOVERNOR
DIRECTOR OF DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
Nguyen Hong Van