NATIONAL STANDARD
TCVN 7568-25:2023
Fire alarm systems - Part 25: Components using
radio transmission paths
Foreword
The TCVN 7568-25:2023 is developed on the basis of consulting
ISO 7240-25:2010.
The TCVN 7568-25:2023 is proposed by the Central Department
of Fire safety, Firefighting, and Rescue, appraised by the Commission for the
Standards, Metrology and Quality of Vietnam, and published by the Ministry of
Science and Technology. The TCVN 7568 (ISO 7240), Fire alarm systems consists
of:
- Part 1:
General provisions and definitions;
- Part 2:
Control and indicating equipment;
- Part 3:
Audible fire alarm devices;
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- Part 5:
Point-type heat detector;
- Part 6: Electrochemical Carbon Monoxide sensor;
- Part 7:
Point-type photoelectric or ionization smoke detector;
- Part 8:
Point-type smoke detector using CO sensor and heat sensor;
- Part 9:
Experimental fire for fire detectors;
- Part
10: Point-type flame detector;
- Part
11: Fire alarm manual call point;
- Part
12: Transmission-type optical smoke detector;
- Part
13: Evaluation of compatibility of elements in the system;
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- Part
15: Point-type smoke detector using smoke sensor and heat sensor;
- Part
16: Control equipment and sound system display;
- Part
17: Short circuit isolator;
- Part
18: Input/Output devices;
- Part
19: Design, installation, test run, and maintenance of sound systems used in
emergencies;
- Part
20: Aspirating smoke detector;
- Part
21: Router;
- Part
22: Smoke detector in ducts;
- Article
23: Visual warning devices;
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FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS - PART 25: COMPONENTS USING
RADIO TRANSMISSION PATHS
1. Scope
This Standard prescribes technical requirements, test
methods, operating criteria of components of fire alarm systems installed
inside and around buildings, constructions and connected via radio frequency
(RF). This Standard also introduces requirements pertaining to evaluation of
compatibility of components in wireless fire alarm system.
As all components work in a system, this Standard also
introduces requirements applicable to a complete system.
Where a fire alarm system uses both wired and wireless
transmission, such system must also meet National Standard TCVN 7568.
Requirements pertaining to wired transmission paths shall be replaced or
amended by requirements presented under this document.
This Standard does not restrict:
- Purpose of
radio frequency band, for example: frequency, broadcasting power of devices;
- Maximum number
of components connected via radio transmission path in a fire alarm system;
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2. Referencing document
The following referencing document is necessary for the
application of this Standard. If a reference document is mentioned together
with its publishing year, only the referenced edition shall prevail. If a
reference document is not mentioned together with its publishing year, the
latest version and all its amendments and revisions (if any) shall prevail.
TCVN 5738, Fire protection - Automatic fire alarm system -
Technical requirements;
TCVN 7568-1 (ISO 7240-1) Fire alarm system - Part 1:
General provisions and definitions;
TCVN 7568-2 (ISO 7240-2) Fire detection and alarm systems
- Part 2: Control and indicating equipment;
TCVN 7568-4 (ISO 7240-4) Fire detection and alarm systems
- Part 4: Power supply equipment;
TCVN 7568-5 (ISO 7240-5) Fire detection and alarm systems
- Part 5: Point-type heat detectors;
TCVN 7568-11 (ISO 7240-11) Fire detection and alarm
systems - Part 11: Manual call points;
TCVN 7568-18 (ISO 7240-18) Fire detection and alarm system -
Part 18: Input/Output devices;
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TCVN 7699-2-1 (IEC 60068-2-1) Environmental testing - Part
2-1: Tests - Test A: Cold;
TCVN 7699-2-2 (IEC 60068-2-2) Environmental testing - Part
2-2: Tests - Test B: Dry heat;
TCVN 7699-2-6 (IEC 60068-2-6) Environmental testing - Part
2-6: Tests - Test FC: Vibration (sinusoidal);
TCVN 7699-2-27 (IEC 60068-2-27) Environmental testing -
Part 2-27: Tests - Test EA and guidance: Shock;
TCVN 7699-2-30 (IEC 60068-2-30) Environmental testing -
Part 2-30: Tests - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h+ 12 h cycle);
TCVN 7699-2-42 (IEC 60068-2-42) Environmental testing -
Part 2-42: Tests - Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and connections;
TCVN 7699-2-78 (IEC 60068-2-78) Environmental testing -
Part 2-78: Tests - Test Cab - Damp heat, steady state;
TCVN 12527-1 (IEC 61672-1) Electroacoustics - Sound level
meters - Part 1: Specifications;
ITU-T O.153, Basic parameters for the measurement of error
performance at bit rates below the primary rate; EN 50130-4, Alarm systems -
Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family standard: Immunity
requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems.
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This Standard uses definitions and terminologies under the
TCVN 5738 and TCVN 7568-1 (ISO 7240-1) and definitions below:
3.1
Adjacent channel selectivity
Means a measure of a receiver's capability operate
satisfactorily in the presence of an unwanted signal that differs in frequency
from the wanted signal by an amount equal to the adjacent channel separation
for which the equipment is intended.
3.2
Antenna
Means an element of a radio component of the fire detection
and alarm system that allows wireless connection between transmitters and
receivers.
3.3
Assigned band
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3.4
Autonomous power source
Means an equipment providing power supply for other elements of
the system and not connected to electrical grid or other equivalent system.
Such power source is not rechargeable during operation.
FOR EXAMPLE: Primary battery (Non-rechargeable battery).
3.5
Base station
Means a central transceiver of the system that communicates
with other transceiver stations in the system.
3.6
Blocking or desensitization
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NOTE: Unwanted signal (interfering channel) can be an
adjacent channel (close to channel from which signal is to be received) or any channel
whose frequency is different from that of spurious response.
3.7
Collision
Means the loss of radio information due to mutual interaction
between RF signals emitted from two or more transmitters belonging to the same
system.
3.8
Compatibility
Means the capacity of a component of the system to operate
with another component of this system:
- Within the limits
specified by each component;
- Within the
specified limits given by provisions under TCVN 7568 if available or manufacturer
if not available;
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3.9
Fire detection and alarm system
Means a system for detecting and indicating location of fire.
3.10
Identification code
Means a part of a messaged used to identify an RF communication
device in the same system.
3.11
Intermediate element
Means an equipment connected to transmission path of a fire
detection and alarm system for receiving and/or transmitting signals necessary
for operation of fire detection and alarm system.
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3.12
Limited frequency range
Limited frequency range is determined using the formula (1):
Where
fLO means frequency of the local oscillator signal
applied to the first mixer of the receiver;
flj means intermediate frequencies;
rsw means switching range.
3.13
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Means manufacturer of devices or representative authorized by
manufacturer or supplier of devices.
3.14
Radio frequency (r.f.) transmission path
Means a method of communication between at least two points using
r.f.
NOTE: Radio connection equivalent to transmission is defined
under other parts of TCVN 7568.
3.15
Radio part
Means an element or a part of an element incorporating the receiver
and/or transmitter.
NOTE: Radio parts may include power supply sources, for
example: an autonomous power source.
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Receiver
Means an equipment for receiving r.f. signals in an r.f. transmission
path.
NOTE: Receiver can be incorporated in an element of fire
detection and alarm system.
3.17
Radio frequency (r.f.) interference
Means a signal emitted by a source outside of fire detection
and alarm system that that can cause corruption or obliteration of wanted
signals and that does not conform to the definition of collision or message
substitution.
3.18
Service life (of autonomous power source)
Means a period in which an autonomous power source operates
effectively under specific conditions.
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Site attenuation
Means a degradation of r.f. caused by transmission path loss
or change in the environment where the fire detection and alarm system is
installed.
NOTE: Site attenuation can be changed upon installation or
relocation of reflection or absorption materials.
3.20
Special tool
Means an equipment not normally carried by the public (e.g.
specialized keys) and typically provided by manufacturer to open part enclosures
to detach antenna.
NOTE: The special tool is intended by manufacturer to deter unauthorized
detachment of antenna from the device.
3.21
Spurious response rejection
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3.22
Switching range rsw
Means the maximum range at which receiver or transmitter can be
operated without reprogramming or realignment
3.22
Transmitter
Means a device that emits r.f.
NOTE: Transmitter can be incorporated in an element of fire
detection and alarm system.
4. System requirements
4.1 General provisions
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For example: A wireless heat detector must meet requirements
under TCVN 7568-5 and a wireless manual call point must meet requirements under
the TCVN 7568-11.
4.2 Radio frequency transmission paths
4.2.1 immunity to site attenuation
Equipment within the system shall be provided so that site attenuation
does not affect elements in r.f. transmission paths. The immunity to site
attenuation shall meet requirements below:
a) At least 10 dB for r.f. operating frequencies up to 10
MHz.
b) Calculations under Appendix B for r.f. operating
frequencies > 10MHz
The manufacturer shall provide adequate documentation and/or
means of evaluation that permits an assessment of the full functionality of the
equipment. Where these means of evaluation are a part of the equipment, the
user shall not be able to interfere with these means of evaluation.
Testing and evaluation of the equipment shall be conducted in
accordance with 8.2.2.
4.2.2 Integrity of alarm signal
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Tests shall be conducted in accordance with 8.2.3.
4.2.3 Identification of elements
4.2.3.1 Each
element using r.f. transmission paths shall be identified by an individual
identification code as belonging to one specific fire detection and alarm
system.
4.2.3.2 The
manufacturer shall provide means to ensure that each element using r.f.
transmission path shall not be accepted by other fire detection and alarm
system.
Tests shall be conducted in accordance with 8.2.4.
4.2.4 Performance characteristics of receiver
Unless otherwise stipulated under mandatory national
regulations, receivers shall meet requirements under Schedule 1.
Schedule 1 - Performance
characteristics of receiver
Requirement
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Working frequency offset, MHz
NOTE
Adjacent channel selectivity
≥ 36
-
For all bandwidths and modulation schemes
Blocking or desensitization
≥ 40
± 1
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≥ 45
±
2
≥ 60
±
5
≥ 65
± 10
Spurious response rejection
≥ 40
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Receiver manufacturer shall provide results of a test
conducted by a test laboratory to prove that requirements under this section
are met. Where the manufacturer fails to provide documentation proof, tests
detailed under 8.2.5 shall be conducted via means provided by the manufacturer.
4.2.5 Immunity to interference
4.2.5.1 General requirements
a) Tests shall be conducted to determine the level of
immunity to the following sources:
- Radio
influences from fire detection and alarm system;
- Radio
influences from other sources outside of the system.
b) The following influences are not covered:
- Random
influences as a result of electromagnetic effect (covered by EN 50130-4);
- Intentional
electromagnetic attack on the r.f. transmission paths (No sabotage resistance
is required as per TCVN 7568).
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Where two or more systems from the same manufacturer are
technically similar and operating within the same radio range, r.f.
transmission paths shall not mutually impede one another.
The manufacturer shall specify the means for assessment which
shall be suitable to ensure the availability of all parts of the system in all
expected system configurations (see 8.2.6).
4.2.5.3 Availability of r.f. transmission path in the
presence of other band users
Where equipment from other users is operating at the maximum
permitted limits (e.g. power, bandwidth and duty cycle, etc.) in the same r.f.
band (or sub-band), r.f. interference shall not prevent signal transmission
(see 8.2.7).
4.2.5.4 Integrity of the r.f. transmission path
The application of one of the r.f. interference signals under
8.2.7 to one of the equipment of the fire detection and alarm system shall not
cause an alarm condition or a fault warning condition at the control and
indicating equipment.
4.2.6 Loss of communication
The loss of the system’s ability to transmit a message to any
element with an r.f. transmission path to control and indicating equipment
within periods defined under TCVN 7568-2 shall be recognized in less than 300
seconds and shall be indicated in less than 100 seconds.
Tests shall be conducted in accordance with 8.2.8.
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The antenna or its cable shall be detachable only by opening
the enclosure of the equipment or by using special tools provided by the
manufacturer.
Tests shall be conducted in accordance with 8.2.9.
5. Element requirements
5.1 Compliance
Elements in the system shall comply with requirements under
this article and be verified via visual inspection or methods detailed under
article 8.
5.2 General requirements
5.2.1 All
elements shall meet requirements under relevant standards affiliated to TVCN
7568 and additional requirements under 5.3 and 5.4, including requirements
pertaining to transmission paths.
5.2.2 Component
equipment shall be designed such that removal from the system is detected and
indicated as a fault.
5.2.3 Component
equipment that relies on software controlling order to fulfill requirements of
this document shall comply with requirements under relevant parts of the TCVN
7568.
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5.3.1 All
elements in the system shall be powered by power supply equipment satisfactory
to TCVN 7568-4 or an autonomous power source (e.g. battery, etc.)
5.3.2 Autonomous
power sources shall be contained in their enclosure.
The manufacturer shall declare the type of the autonomous
power source and its service life for the equipment in normal operation. The
service life of power supply equipment shall be demonstrated by a statement of
calculation. This calculation shall take into account the mean consumption and
voltage under quiescent and at standard atmospheric conditions. Autonomous
power source shall allow the equipment to operate for at least 36 months and
product of the specified discharge time and the mean discharge current shall
not be greater than 85 % of the rated capacity of the power source.
NOTE: The remaining 15 % of the rated capacity takes into
account self-discharge of the power source.
The mean consumption shall be calculated based on the
electronic element of the circuit.
Where such calculation is not practical, the mean consumption
shall be measured at nominal voltage for at least 1 h under quiescent operation
after the stabilization period specified by the manufacturer.
The verification of this calculation shall be made as defined
in 8.3.3. Annex C gives an example for the calculation of the service life of
the autonomous power source.
5.3.3 All
equipment powered by an autonomous power source shall be able to transmit a
fault signal (low power) before the power source fails. The following
conditions shall be taken into account (see 8.3.4):
5.3.3.1 The
equipment shall be capable of generating and transmitting a fault signal within
60 min after replacing a good or new autonomous power source by a
preconditioned power source representing a discharged power source at the end
of its service life.
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5.3.3.3 The
equipment shall keep the fire alarm condition and/or another activated
condition for at least 30 min (where alarm condition is not applicable).
5.3.4 The
loss of the power source shall be indicated as a fault signal from point in
accordance with TCVN 7568-2. Where several power sources are used for different
functions within one equipment, the fault signal shall be given for each power
source (see 5.3.3).
5.3.5 Either
the equipment shall be designed to make polarity reversal impossible or, if
not, the polarity of the connections for the power source shall be identifiable
and the polarity reversal shall not damage the component (see 8.3.5).
5.4 Environmental requirements
5.4.1 General requirements
Equipment shall be tested to the environmental tests defined
in the relevant part of TCVN 7568. The functional tests of the radio part of
the equipment before and after the environmental treatment shall be conducted
in accordance with 8.3, the manufacturer shall provide results of tests
conducted by a test laboratory to prove that requirements under this section
are met. Where the manufacturer fails to provide documentation proof, tests
detailed under 8.3 shall be conducted.
Type and severity of environmental tests shall be described
individually for equipment containing transmitter/receiver:
- Command and
indicating equipment
- Other equipment
(e.g. detectors, manual call points, input/output devices)
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5.4.2.1 Unless
otherwise stipulated, the equipment in the fire detection and alarm system
containing the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, shall be mounted in
the radio-frequency-shielded test equipment in accordance with Appendix A.
5.4.2.2 The
element transmitting the alarm signal shall be tested together with a typical
element receiving the alarm signal and vice versa.
5.4.2.3 Measurement
of attenuation value A shall be conducted with the component mounted in the
test equipment and with the fixtures closed correctly. However, during some of
the environmental exposures the fixtures shall be opened or the equipment under
test shall be taken out of the fixture.
5.4.3 Number of specimens
The manufacturer shall provide a sufficient number of
specimens for testing. The required number of specimens in Schedule 2 is
dependent on the type of equipment being tested.
Schedule 2 - Number of specimens
Element
Number of specimens
Command and indicating equipment
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Other element
(e.g.
detectors, manual call points, input/output devices)
At least 16 (according to relevant parts of TCVN 7568)
Specimens submitted shall be deemed representative of the
manufacturer's normal production with regard to their construction and
calibration. Where specimens are comprised of at least two parts — a base
(socket) and a head (body) — and the radio part and the power supply are
located only in one of these parts, only this part shall be tested in
accordance with this part of ISO 7240. The other part is used to trigger the
radio part.
6. Marking
6.1 The
marking shall be in accordance with the marking requirements of the relevant
part of TCVN 7568.
6.2 Elements
that contain the radio part shall be additionally clearly marked with:
a) Number of this standard.
b) Markings required by national regulations;
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a) The type and the reference of the power source(s)
recommended by the manufacturer, which indications shall be visible during its
replacement;
b) Service life of autonomous power source.
7 Documentation
7.1 General requirements
The manufacturer shall prepare the documentation to evaluate
the compatibility in the configuration(s) specified by the manufacturer. This
documentation shall include at least the following:
a) List of the relevant components of the fire detection and
alarm system, which shall define for each component the functions (a part of
this definition shall include a description of the software and of the
hardware) and the technical information for each component to facilitate proof
of the compatibility of each sub-system within the general system;
b) Test reports relative to the conformity of the components,
with indication of the relevant part of TCVN 7568;
c) Characteristics of the r.f. transmission path between each
component and the control and indicating equipment;
d) How the requirements under 4.2.3 are met;
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7.2 Input/output devices
Written instructions pertaining to input/output devices shall
adhere to requirements under 7.1.
All input/output devices shall be provided technical
instructions for installation, operation, and maintenance. Where information
above is not provided for each input/output device, reference to corresponding
documentation or corresponding documentation shall be provided with the input/output
device.
For the purpose of ensuring effective operation of input/output
devices, documentation shall present requirements for accurate processing of
devices’ signal. Such requirements shall include detail technical performance
characteristics, appropriate processing protocols, or list of control and
indicating equipment that can be connected, etc.
NOTE: Standard assessing bodies may require additional
documentations when assessing input/output devices in accordance with TCVN
7568.
8 Test
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 Tests
under this part of TCVN 7568 can be combined with other required tests under
other parts of the TCVN 7568.
NOTE: Where test specimens are detachable elements which are
usually comprised of at least two parts: a base (socket) and a head (body), a
complete equipment will consist of these two parts combined.
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8.1.3 Where
the tests require specimens to be operational, the specimens shall be powered
in accordance with instructions of manufacturer and connected to supervising
equipment in accordance with performance characteristics provided by the
manufacturer. Unless otherwise stipulated in test methods, performance
characteristics applicable to specimens shall be within parameters set by the
manufacturer and essentially unchanged throughout the tests. Chosen value of
each parameter is usually nominal value or mean value of a predetermined range.
Details of equipment using power supply source, supervising
equipment, and warning indicators must be clarified in test reports.
8.1.4 Installation
requirements identified under relevant parts of the TCVN 7568 shall be adopted.
8.1.5 Requirements
pertaining to tolerance are defined under TCVN 7568
8.2 System tests
8.2.1 Details of system tests
Order of tests and number specimens are specified under
Schedule 3
Schedule 3 - System tests
Details of test
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Number of specimens
Command and indicating equipment
Other elements
Site attenuation
8.2.2
Documentation examination only
Documentation examination only
Integrity of alarm signal
8.2.3
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10 or maximum number of equipment
accepted by the system if less than 10
Identification of equipment utilizing r.f. transmission
paths
8.2.4
Documentation examination only
Documentation examination only
Parameter of receiver
8.2.5
See Schedule 4
See Schedule 4
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8.2.6
At least 2
10 or maximum number of equipment
accepted by the system if less than 10
Compatibility with other equipment operating on the same
bandwidth
8.2.7
At least 1
At least 1
Loss of communication on r.f. transmission paths
8.2.8
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Compliant with manufacturer’s
instructions
Antenna
8.2.9
1
1
8.2.2 Site attenuation
8.2.2.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that r.f. transmission paths meet requirements
of 4.2.1 in an environment without interference and that equipment only works
on the permitted bandwidth.
8.2.2.2 Test procedures
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NOTE: The evaluation shall take into account differences in
technical approaches of different manufacturers such that loss of communication
caused by attenuation outside of channel.
8.2.2.3 Requirements
The evaluation must determine whether the system meets all
requirements under 4.2.1
8.2.3 Integrity of alarm signal
8.2.3.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that an alarm signal sent to or transmitted
from an equipment is not lost due to interference or appropriation of r.f.
transmission paths and that the system meets all requirements defined under
4.2.2.
8.2.3.2 Test procedures
Send input signal in 10 equipment simultaneously to transmit
or receive alarm signals via equipment provided by the manufacturer. Where
there are fewer than 10 equipment in a system, activate the maximum number of
equipment.
8.2.3.3 Requirements
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NOTE: The value of 100 seconds must not be construed in a way
so as to show compliance with alarm response time or fault response time under
TCVN 7568-2.
8.2.4 Identification of equipment using r.f. transmission
path
8.2.4.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that the equipment meets requirements under
4.2.3.
8.2.4.2 Test procedures
Evaluate whether documentations provided by the manufacturer
meet all requirements under 4.2.3.1 and 4.2.3.2.
8.2.4.3 Requirements
The manufacturer must prove that identification of equipment
using r.f. transmission paths meets all requirements under 4.2.3.
The probability of an equipment using r.f. transmission path
identified and accepted in another system from the same manufacturer
unintentionally shall be lower than 1:1000000
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8.2.5.1 Adjacent channel selectivity
8.2.5.1.1 Purpose of tests
To verify whether adjacent channel selectivity of receiver
meets all requirements under 4.2.4.
8.2.5.1.2 Test procedures
Tests shall be conducted as follows:
a) Measure in normal conditions
b) Connect two signal generators, A (e.g. fire alarm) and B,
a receiver (e.g. control and indicating equipment) with receiver antenna or
test antenna via a combiner. Signal generator B is turned off by default.
Configuration of signal generator A:
- Set frequency
to working frequency of receiver;
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- Set amplitude
to record receiver’s signal.
Increase amplitude of signal generator A by 3 dB.
Configuration of signal generator B:
- Set frequency
to working frequency of receiver;
- Carry
unmodulated signal;
- Gradually
increase frequency to exceed wanted parameters.
Repeat the measurement with signal generator B set at
frequency just lower than wanted signal.
8.2.5.1.3 Measurements
Record setting parameters of signal generators A and B.
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8.2.5.1.4 Requirements
Adjacent channel selectivity must not be lower than unwanted
signal according to Schedule 1.
8.2.5.2 Blocking performance
8.2.5.2.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate blocking performance of receiver satisfactory
to 4.2.4.
8.2.5.2.2 Test procedures
Tests shall be conducted as follows:
a) Measure in normal conditions
b) Connect two signal generators, A (e.g. fire alarm) and B,
a receiver (e.g. control and indicating equipment) with receiver antenna or
test antenna via a combiner. Signal generator B is turned off by default.
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- Set frequency
to working frequency of receiver;
- Set basic
modulation for desirable signals;
- Set amplitude
to record receiver’s signal.
d) Increase amplitude of signal generator A by 3 dB.
e) Configuration of signal generator B:
- Set generation
frequency at 1 MHz higher than upper limit of working frequency of receiver;
- Carry
unmodulated signal;
- Gradually
increase frequency to exceed wanted parameters.
f) Repeat the measurement with signal generator B after
increasing frequency by 2 MHz, then 5MHz, and 10 MHz above upper limit of
nominal bandwidth.
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8.2.5.2.3 Measurements
Record setting parameters of signal generators A and B.
Record level of signal generator B, which is the ratio
between the lowest level of unwanted signal and the level of wanted signal
where all signals are expressed in dB and at which signal generator A is
blocked.
8.2.5.2.4 Requirements
Blocking performance shall meet Schedule 1.
8.2.5.3 Spurious response rejection
8.2.5.3.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate spurious response rejection performance of
receiver satisfactory to 4.2.4.
8.2.5.3.2 Preliminary calculation
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a) Limited frequency range;
b) Calculation of frequencies outside working frequency at
which spurious response rejection may occur outside the limited frequency range
is made for the remainder of frequency range of interest, as appropriate (see
8.2.5.3.6 and 8.2.5.3.7).
NOTE: All frequencies outside the limited frequency range are
equal to the harmonics of the frequency of the local oscillator signal (fLO)
applied to the 1st mixer of the receiver plus or minus the 1st intermediate
frequency (f I1 ) of the receiver. Hence, the frequencies of these spurious
responses are nfLO ± fl1, where n is an integer greater
than or equal to 2.
For calculations a) and b) above, the manufacturer shall
state the frequency of the receiver, the frequency of the local oscillator
signal (fLO) applied to the 1st mixer of the receiver, the
intermediate frequencies (fI1, fI2, etc.), and the
switching range (rsw) of the receiver.
The measurement of the first image response of the receiver
shall initially be made to verify the calculation of spurious response
frequencies.
8.2.5.3.3 Establishment of test signals
Sources of test signals for application to the receiver input
shall be connected in such a way that the source impedance presented to the
receiver input is 50 Ω (non-reactive).
This requirement shall be met irrespective of whether one or
more signals using a combining network are applied to the receiver
simultaneously.
The levels of the test signals at the receiver input terminal
(RF connector) shall be expressed.
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8.2.5.3.4 Test procedures - Search over limited frequency
range
Tests shall be conducted as follows:
a) Connect 2 signal generators, A (e.g. fire alarm) and B
with receiver (e.g. control and indicating equipment) via combined network (see
Figure 1). Signal generator B is turned off by default, maintaining output impedance.
Figure 1 - Arrangement of measurement
b) Configuration of signal generator A:
- Set frequency
to working frequency of receiver;
- Set basic
modulation for desirable signals;
- Set amplitude
to record receiver’s signal.
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c) Increase level of signal generator A shall be increased by
3 dB relative to sensitivity of receiver (which translates to 6 dB per 1 μV in
normal test conditions).
d) Configuration of signal generator B:
- Generating
frequency shall match working frequency of receiver;
- Signal
provided shall be modulated with a frequency of 400 Hz with a deviation of 12 %
of the channel separation (A-M3);
- Level of input
signal of receiver shall be 86 dBμV.
e) The frequency of the signal provided by signal generator B
shall be varied in increments of 5 kHz over the limited frequency range [see
8.5.2.1a)] and over the frequencies in accordance with the calculations outside
of this frequency range [see clause 8.5.2.1 b)].
8.2.5.3.5 Measurements
Record frequencies of all spurious responses detected (e.g.
by increasing bit error ratio), for use in measurements under 8.2.5.3.6 and
8.2.5.3.7.
Where consecutive bit sequences cannot be used, similar
methods shall be adopted, e.g. reducing successful transmission probability of
the message.
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Tests shall be conducted as follows:
a) Connect 2 signal generators, A (e.g. fire alarm) and B
with receiver (e.g. control and indicating equipment) via combined network (see
Figure 1). Signal generator B is turned off by default, maintaining output impedance.
b) Configuration of signal generator A:
- Generating
frequency shall match working frequency of receiver;
- Basic
modulation of the signal is D-M2 or D-M5 where D-M2 consists of a pseudo-random
bit sequence of at least 511 bits according to ITU-T Recommendation O.153;
NOTE: Signal and modulation of signal generator shall be
similar to those of the test receiver.
c) Increase level of signal generator A shall be increased by
3 dB relative to sensitivity of receiver (which translates to 6 dB per 1 μV in
normal test conditions).
d) Configuration of signal generator B:
- Generating
frequency shall match working frequency of receiver;
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e) Increase level of unwanted signal of signal generator B
until bit error ratio of 10-1 or higher is achieved.
f) Decrease level of unwanted signal of signal generator B in
1 dB increment until bit error ratio of 10-2 or lower is achieved.
g) Repeat all measurements at frequencies of spurious
responses detected during search over limited frequency range [see 8.2.5.3.2
a)].
h) Repeat measurements at frequencies calculated for the
remainder of spurious response frequencies [see 8.2.5.3.2 b)] within frequency
range from fRx/3,2 or 30 MHz, whichever is higher, to 3,2fRx,
where fRx is the nominal frequency of the receiver.
8.2.5.3.7 Measurements
Record signal level which is determined by the ratio between
level of unwanted signal and level of wanted signal at input of receiver in dB
at which bit error ratio of 10-2 or lower is achieved.
Spurious response rejection of test equipment shall be
expressed as the lowest recorded value.
8.2.5.3.8 Test procedures - Method of signaling for messages
Tests shall be conducted as follows:
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b) Configuration of signal generator A:
- Set frequency
to working frequency of receiver;
- Set basic
modulation for desirable signals;
NOTE: Signal and modulation of signal generator shall be
similar to those of the test receiver.
c) Set level of wanted signal provided by signal generator A
3 dB above the limit of maximum useable sensitivity at input of receiver (e.g.
6 dB per 1 μV of electromagnetic force in normal testing conditions).
Increase level of signal generator A shall be increased by 3
dB relative to sensitivity of receiver (which translates to 6 dB per 1 μV in
normal test conditions).
d) Configuration of signal generator B:
- Generating
frequency shall match working frequency of receiver;
- Signal
provided shall be modulated with a frequency of 400 Hz with a deviation of 12 %
of the channel separation (A-M3);
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f) Repeat test message while observing in each case whether
or not a successful response is obtained.
g) Reduce level of unwanted signal by 2 dB for each
unsuccessful reception. Continue to reduce signal level until 3 consecutive
signals are received.
h) Increase level of unwanted signal by 1 dB.
i) Transmit normal test signal 20 times. In either case,
level of unwanted signal shall be decreased by 1 dB for each unsuccessfully
received message.
j) Where messages are received successfully, level of
unwanted signal shall remain unchanged until 3 consecutive messages are
received. Afterwards, increase level of unwanted signal by 1 dB.
k) Do not record unwanted signal level unless prior change is
implemented.
l) Calculate the average of unwanted signals in both tests in
which 3 consecutive messages are received which corresponds to 80% successful
rate.
m) Repeat the measurement at all spurious response
frequencies detected during the search over limited frequency range [see
8.2.5.3.2 a)] and at frequencies calculated for the remainder of spurious
response frequencies [see 8.2.5.3.2 b)] within frequency range from fRx/3,2
or 30 MHz, whichever is higher, to 3,2fRx, where fRx is
the nominal frequency of the receiver.
8.2.5.3.9 Measurements
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Record unwanted signal level at which 3 consecutive messages
are received.
Record unwanted signal level after increasing by 1 dB.
Record unwanted signal level while transmitting 20 wanted
messages.
Record unwanted signal level after increasing by 1 dB.
Record average value of unwanted signal.
Spurious response rejection of test equipment shall be
expressed as the lowest percentage of transmission error recorded.
8.2.5.4 Requirements
Test requirements provided under Schedule 1 must be fully
complied with.
8.2.6 Interference between systems of the same manufacturer
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To demonstrate that equipment meets requirements under
4.2.5.2 and that r.f. transmission paths can transmit signals even when
multiple r.f. equipment of the same manufacturer operate in the same space. The
tests shall be conducted to verify basic functions of equipment.
8.2.6.2 Test procedures
8.2.6.2.1 General requirements
Examine documents to verify whether interaction between r.f.
transmission paths does not negatively affect transmission time and error
detection time during normal operation according to this part of the TCVN 7568.
8.2.6.2.2 System configuration
Determine configuration of two separate systems, each of
which consists of 5 equipment installed at minimum spacing allowed by
manufacturer and operated in accordance with technical performance
characteristics of manufacturer. Where maximum number of equipment in each
system is lower than 5, determine the maximum number of equipment
configuration.
Manufacturer shall provide means for simultaneous activation
of all equipment.
8.2.6.2.3 Measurements
Supervise operation of the system for 48 hours.
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a) Activate two fire alarm signals from 2 separate equipment
in either system within a 2 second window.
b) Activate fire alarm signals simultaneously from 5 separate
equipment in each system (or maximum number of fire alarm signals that can be
accepted if fewer than 5).
c) Suspend an equipment in the system.
Tests regarding integrity of alarm signal can be incorporated
with this test.
8.2.6.3 Requirements
All systems must be operated without errors and in a manner
satisfactory to the criteria below:
a) Following activation of 2 fire alarm messages, each
message shall be received and/or accurately indicated within 10 seconds after
each activation;
b) Following simultaneous activation of 5 fire alarm messages
in each system (or maximum number of alarm messages that can be accepted if
fewer than 5 messages), the first alarm message shall be received and/or
accurately indicated at control and indicating equipment within 10 seconds
while remaining alarm messages shall be activated, received, and accurately
indicated at control and indicating equipment within 100 seconds.
c) After suspending an equipment in the system, the error
shall be accurately indicated at control and indicating equipment according to
4.2.6.
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8.2.7 Compatibility with other equipment operating on the
same bandwidth
8.2.7.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that the equipment meets requirements under
4.2.5.3.
8.2.7.2 Test procedures
8.2.7.2.1 General requirements
Manufacturer shall provide appropriate testing equipment and
adequate information pertaining to test procedures so as to ensure availability
of transmission paths in the presence of other equipment operated on the same
bandwidth according to national regulations at location of test system.
NOTE: Permission for use of bandwidths, sub-bands, channels,
and frequencies depends on national regulations.
Transmission loss between test elements shall be within
average value range.
NOTE: The formula for “Signal level will be within average
range” is selected as the absolute value is not attainable with this
measurement. In actuality, the range -80 dBm to -70 dBm is common.
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R.f. transmission path configuration shall consist of 2
components (control and indicating equipment and other element or equipment
such as detector) so that signal level at location where messages are received
is in average range.
Where there are more than one components that is being
tested, all elements in test equipment shall be configured.
Where a transmitter uses multiple intermediate elements, an
interfering signal shall be provided for receiver at any time. Repeat the test
for each receiver.
8.2.7.2.2 Multichannel equipment
Provide an interfering unmodulated signal of sufficient level
to block transmission paths to receiver (e.g. control and indicating
equipment).
NOTE: In general, level of the interfering signal is
sufficient to block transmission if level of transmission on working bandwidth
is more than 10 dB greater than level of the signal to be received.
Conduct the test on all frequencies on which test equipment
is operated.
Subsequently block each frequency for at least 1 second. The
amount of time it takes to change frequency shall not exceed 1 second.
The procedures shall be repeated continuously throughout test
duration.
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8.2.7.2.3 Single-channel equipment
Send unmodulated interfering signal of adequate level to
simulate an interfering equipment on wanted channels to block transmission of
messages to receiver (e.g. control and indicating equipment) where duration of
“BẬT” (ON) and duration of “TẮT” (OFF) comply with Schedule 4.
Schedule 4 - Test procedures
Transmission time/Total sequence
(%)
“ON” duration
“OFF” duration
Note
< 0,1
0,72
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Example: 5 transmissions of 0,72 seconds each in 1 hour
< 1
3,6
1,8
Example: 10 transmissions of 3,6 seconds each in 1 hour
< 10
36
3,6
Example: 10 transmissions of 36 seconds each in 1 hour
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-
-
Usually continuous transmission, occasional cycle > 10%
Warning: Single-channel systems using frequencies in which
“ON” duration is longer than 10 seconds are usually disqualified.
8.2.7.3 Requirements
R.f. transmission paths shall be functional as expected, and
a) not produce unintentional errors or not lead to false
alarm signals being indicated at control and indicating equipment in the
presence of interference; and
b) ensure that all expected signals, such as alarm signals,
are accurately processed.
8.2.8 Detection of loss of communication
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To demonstrate that the receiver can detect loss of
communication with transmitter in the system.
8.2.8.2 Test procedures
The manufacturer shall provide appropriate testing
instruments and adequate information pertaining to test procedures to ensure
that r.f. transmission paths are operated appropriately and as expected.
Degradation of transmission quality between test equipment
and its counterpart shall not affect information transmission paths. Where
several equipments are being tested, these equipments shall be configured.
Supervision signals are accurately received by receiver in
accordance with technical performance characteristics provided by manufacturer.
Randomly select an equipment and disconnect signal transmission for at least
300 seconds, for example: by cutting power supply of transmitter.
The maximum number of equipment during testing procedures
that must be connected to base station shall conform to regulations of
manufacturer.
NOTE: Depending on system design, the maximum number of
equipment connected to control and indicating equipment is greater than the
number of equipment directly connected to base station.
The tests shall be repeated 2 times.
8.2.8.3 Requirements
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8.2.9 Antenna
8.2.9.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that antenna or cable cannot be easily
detached.
8.2.9.2 Test procedures
Requirements under 4.2.7 shall be verified via technical
assessment.
8.2.9.3 Requirements
Antenna or cables can only be detached by opening enclosure
or by using special tools provided by the manufacturer.
8.3 Element tests
8.3.1 General requirements
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The test for “change of power source voltage” under
appropriate parts of the TCVN 7568 shall be conducted for minimum and maximum
power source. The minimum value considered the value that leads to error signal
shall be determined under 5.3.3.
In addition to tests defined under relevant parts of the TCVN
7568 to which the elements must comply, tests defined under 8.3.3 through
8.3.20 shall be adopted.
8.3.2 Procedures for element tests
Test procedures are detailed under Schedule 5. The
manufacturer may provide more than one control and indicating equipment for
environment tests.
In some cases, order of tests can be changed for economic
purposes.
Schedule 5 - Procedure of element
tests
Tests
Equipment/Element
Note
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Other equipment
Verifying service life of autonomous power source (8.3.3)
Documentation
Error signal due to low power source (8.3.4)
Not tested
1
Applicable only to elements using
autonomous power source
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Not tested
1
Repeatability (8.3.6)
1
1
-
Reproducibility
1
1 to 16
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Change to parameters (8.3.8)
1
a
-
Dry heat (operational) (8.3.9)
Not tested
a
For heat detectors compliant with TCVN
7568-5
Dry heat (endurance) (8.3.10)
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a
For heat detectors compliant with
TCVN 7568-5, C through G
Cold (operational) (8.3.11)
1
a
-
Damp heat, cyclic (operational) (8.3.12)
Not tested
a
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Damp heat, steady state (operational) (8.3.13)
1
a
Applicable only to smoke detectors
and control and indicating equipment
Damp heat, steady state (endurance) (8.3.14)
1
a
-
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance)
(8.3.15)
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a
-
Shock (8.3.16)
Not tested
a
-
Impact (8.3.17)
1
a
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Vibration, sinusoidal (operational) (8.3.18)
1
a
-
Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) (8.3.19)
1
a
-
Electrostatic discharge (8.3.20.3a)
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11b
-
Radiated electromagnetic fields (8.3.20.3.b)
1
12b
-
Conducted disturbance induced by electromagnetic fields
(8.3.20.3c)
1
13b
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Fast transient bursts (8.3.20.3d)
1
14b
Slow high-energy voltage surges (8.3.20.3e)
1
15b
Change of primary feed voltage (8.3.20.3f)
1
16b
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Voltage drop and short interruption of power source
(8.3.20.3g)
1
16b
Applicable only to elements with
primary power source
a
In respect of environment tests, the number corresponding to other elements
that are being tested shall be adjusted in accordance with the elements in
TCVN 7568.
b
In the interest of test economy, it is permitted to use the same specimen for
more than one EMC test. In that case, functional test(s) on the specimen(s)
used for more than one test can be deleted and the full functional test
conducted at the end of the sequence of tests. However, it should be noted
that in the event of a failure, it might not be possible to identify which
test exposure caused the failure (see EN 50130-4).
8.3.3 Verifying service life of autonomous power source
8.3.3.1 Purpose of verification
To prove that the autonomous power source can operate within
the required period based on analysis and calculation.
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Manufacturer shall provide electricity consumption of powered
elements under quiescent conditions.
8.3.3.3 Requirements
Calculation of service life shall be provided by manufacturer
and verified by competent testing authority. Requirements of 5.3.2 must all be
met.
8.3.4 Error signal due to low power source
8.3.4.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate whether an equipment is powered by an
autonomous power source, in case of low power, error signal shall be sent in a
timely manner before the equipment shuts down.
8.3.4.2 Test procedures
For the purpose of the test, the autonomous power source
shall be configured as follows:
a) Connect the autonomous power source recommended by the manufacturer
with the equipment. In order to shorten the amount of time it takes to reach
low power threshold, an additional load shall be connected to the autonomous
power source. This can be achieved by a resistance or an element with constant
electricity consumption. In order to not excessively alter battery activity,
electrical current shall be calculated to reach the threshold in a reasonable
amount of time, e.g. 30 days to 90 days. Details shall be agreed upon by
testing department and manufacturer and shall be recorded in test report. Error
signals shall be monitored via control and indicating equipment via actual
transmission paths.
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b) Following the appearance of error signal, the additional
load shall remain connected for an additional 10% the number of days necessary
to drain the battery.
Additional load and autonomous power source shall then be
disconnected while the autonomous power source shall be marked as “power source
in pre-test conditions” together with elements with which the power source is
drained.
In addition, in order to reduce recovery of autonomous power
source in pre-test conditions, the following tests shall be conducted
immediately:
c) Connect autonomous power source in pre-test conditions
with testing elements and connect testing elements with supervising equipment.
d) Wait at least 60 minutes before activating testing
elements in warning state.
e) Where testing element is an intermediate element, functional
tests shall be conducted at request of manufacturer.
Activate all inputs/outputs so that consumption of the
intermediate elements is at maximum.
8.3.4.3 Requirements
The following requirements shall be met:
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b) After error signal appears and on the next activation,
testing elements must recognize and indicate alarm state (e.g. audio output)
and maintain alarm state for at least 30 minutes.
c) Where testing element is an intermediate element,
functional tests shall take place within technical performance characteristics
provided by the manufacturer.
All inputs/outputs shall be activated and kept at initial conditions
for at least 30 minutes.
8.3.5 Reverse polarity test
8.3.5.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that where an element is powered by an
autonomous power source and where physical polarity reversal is possible, such
reversal will not damage the powered element.
8.3.5.2 Test procedures
8.3.5.2.1 General requirements
Where the manufacture can prove that polarity reversal cannot
negatively affect functionalities of the element, tests under 8.3.5.2.2 and
8.3.5.2.3 shall not be required.
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Measure the response or conduct functional tests on powered
element in accordance with relevant parts of the TCVN 7568.
If possible, reverse polarity physically and keep for 2 hours
unless test equipment sends error signal.
Following reverse polarity, connect power source to the
equipment in normal conditions and measure responses of the equipment.
Where tested element is an intermediate element, individual
response measurement shall not be conducted but functional tests at request of manufacturer.
8.3.5.2.3 Radio parts
Determine transmission threshold before and after polarity
reversal according to Appendix A and record threshold Abefore and Aafter
for each measurement.
8.3.5.3 Requirements
8.3.5.3.1 Functional elements
Response values (quantitative or qualitative) must be
appropriate to test requirements defined under relevant parts of the TCVN 7568
with which test equipment must comply.
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8.3.5.3.2 Radio parts
Difference between |Abefore - Aafter|
must be lower than 6 dB.
8.3.6 Repeatability
8.3.6.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that all transmissions are steady
8.3.6.2 Test procedures
Determine transmission threshold six times in the order
detailed in Appendix A. Record threshold values A of each measurement. Set
maximum attenuation as Amax and minimum attenuation as Amin.
8.3.6.3 Requirements
Difference between |Amax - Amin| must
be lower than 6 dB.
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8.3.7.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate that changes of transmission are not excessive
between specimens and to establish threshold data for comparison with threshold
values measured following environment tests.
8.3.7.2 Test procedures
Determine transmission threshold of each specimen under
Appendix A. Record threshold values A of each measurement.
Set maximum attenuation as Amax and minimum attenuation
as Amin.
8.3.7.3 Requirements
Difference between |Amax - Amin| must
be lower than 6 dB.
8.3.8 Change to input parameters
8.3.8.1 Purpose of tests
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8.3.8.2 Test procedures
Determine transmission threshold of specimens in accordance
with Appendix A via the use of table-mounted power source. Upper and lower
limits of power source parameter spectrum shall be determined by the
manufacturer. Record threshold values A of each measurement.
Set maximum attenuation as Amax and minimum attenuation
as Amin.
8.3.8.3 Requirements
Difference between |Amax - Amin| must
be lower than 6 dB.
8.3.9 Dry heat (operational)
8.3.9.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate the ability of specimens to operate accurately
in high temperature environment appropriate to expected working environment.
8.3.9.2 Test procedures
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8.3.9.3 Test conditions
8.3.9.3.1 Unless otherwise specified under relevant parts of the TCVN
7568, heat detectors shall be subject to the following conditions:
- temperature:
maximum ambient temperature conforms to TCVN 7568-5;
- duration: 2 hours.
8.3.9.3.2 Unless otherwise specified in relevant parts of the TCVN
7568, elements of the system (other than heat detectors) shall be subject to
the following conditions:
- temperature:
(55 ± 2) °C for indoor use or (70 ± 2) °C for outdoor use;
- duration: 16 hours.
8.3.9.4 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error signal.
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8.3.9.5 Final measurements
Following measurements in test (8.3.9.4), allow test
specimens to recover for at least 1 hour in standard laboratory environment,
measure transmission threshold of specimens in accordance with Appendix A and
record threshold value Aafter.
8.3.9.6 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during test.
Difference between |Aduration - A| must be lower
than 10 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.10 Dry heat (endurance)
8.3.10.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of tested element to withstand high
temperature of the environment.
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8.3.10.2.1 Use test equipment and perform procedures detailed under TCVN
7699-2-2, Ba or Bb test, and section 8.3.10.2.2 and 8.3.10.3.
8.3.10.2.2 Test conditions
a. Unless otherwise specified under relevant parts of the
TCVN 7568, heat detectors shall be subject to the following conditions:
- temperature:
maximum ambient temperature compliant with TCVN 7568-5:2003, C through G;
- duration: 21 days.
b. Unless otherwise specified in relevant parts of the TCVN
7568, elements of the system (other than heat detectors) shall be subject to
the following conditions:
- temperature:
(70 ± 2) °C;
- duration: 21 days.
8.3.10.3 Final measurements
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8.3.10.4 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during endurance
test upon reconnecting the specimen.
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.11 Cold (operational)
8.3.11.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate the ability of specimens to operate accurately
in low temperature environment appropriate to expected working environment.
8.3.11.2 Test procedures
8.3.11.2.1 Use test equipment and perform procedures detailed under TCVN
7699-2-1, Ab test, and section 8.3.11.2.2 through 8.3.11.2.4.
8.3.11.2.2 Test conditions
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- temperature:
(-5 ± 3) °C for control and indicating equipment and (-10 ± 3) °C for indoor
specimens or (-25 ± 3) °C for outdoor specimens;
- duration: 16 hours.
In respect of countries with extremely cold outdoor
temperature, test temperature of (-40 ± 3) °C should be adopted for all outdoor
specimens.
8.3.11.2.3 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error signal.
In the last 0,5 hour of test conditions, determine
transmission threshold of specimen in accordance with Appendix A. Record
threshold value Aduration.
8.3.11.2.4 Final measurements
Once a specimen has passed 16 hours in test conditions
(8.3.11.3), remove the specimen, let it recover for at least 1 hour at standard
laboratory conditions, and measure transmission threshold in accordance with
Appendix A and record threshold value Aafter.
8.3.11.3 Requirements
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Difference between |Aduration - A| must be lower
than 10 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.12 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
8.3.12.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of tested specimen to operate
accurately in relatively high humidity (with condensation) which may occur for
a short period of time in expected working environment.
8.3.12.2 Test procedures
8.3.12.2.1 Use test equipment and perform test procedures in accordance
with TCVN 7699-2-30, Db test, test cycle Variation 1 and controlled recovery
conditions, and 8.3.12.2.2 through 8.3.12.2.4.
8.3.12.2.2 Test conditions
The following conditions shall be adopted, unless otherwise
specified under relevant parts of the TCVN 7568:
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- temperature
above: (40 ± 5) °C for indoor specimens or (55 ± 2)°C for outdoor specimens;
- relative
humidity at temperature above: (93 ± 3)%;
- number cycles:
2.
8.3.12.2.3 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error signal.
Measure transmission threshold in accordance with Appendix A
in the last 0,5 hour of test period and measure threshold value Aduration.
8.3.12.2.4 Final measurements
After a minimum recovery period of 1 hour in standard
laboratory conditions, measure transmission threshold of specimens in
accordance with Appendix A. Record threshold value Aafter.
8.3.12.3 Requirements
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Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.13 Damp heat, steady state (operational)
8.3.13.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of tested specimen to operate
accurately in relatively high humidity (without condensation) which may occur
for a short period of time in expected working environment.
8.3.13.2 Test procedures
In respect of control and indicating equipment, adopt test
procedures in accordance with TCVN 7699-2-78; in respect of other elements,
adopt equipment and test procedures under TCVN 7699-2-78, Cab test, and
8.3.13.3 through 8.3.13.5.
8.3.13.3 Test conditions
The following conditions shall be imposed in respect of
control and indicating equipment and other elements:
- temperature:
(40 ± 2) °C;
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- duration: 4 days.
8.3.13.4 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error signal.
Measure transmission threshold in accordance with Appendix A
in the last 0,5 hour of test period and measure threshold value Aduration.
8.3.13.5 Final measurements
Once a specimen has passed 4 days in test conditions
(8.3.13.3), remove the specimen and place in standard laboratory conditions for
at least 1 hour. Measure transmission threshold of specimens in accordance with
Appendix A. Record threshold value Aafter.
8.3.13.6 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during test.
Difference between |Aduration - A| must be lower than 10 dB where A
is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
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8.3.14.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to withstand humidity
in working environment in the long-term.
8.3.14.2 Test procedures
Do not power the specimen during test.
Use testing equipment and conduct tests detailed under TCVN
TCVN7699-2-78, Cab test, section 8.3.14.3 through 8.3.14.4.
8.3.14.3 Test conditions
The following conditions shall be imposed in respect of
control and indicating equipment and other elements:
- temperature:
(40 ± 2) °C;
- relative
humidity: (93 ± 3)%;
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8.3.14.4 Final measurements
After a minimum recovery period of 1 hour in standard laboratory
conditions, measure transmission threshold of specimens in accordance with
Appendix A. Record threshold value Aafter. Once a specimen has
passed 21 days in test conditions (8.3.14.3), remove the specimen and place in
standard laboratory conditions for at least 1 hour. Measure transmission
threshold of specimens in accordance with Appendix A. Record threshold value Aafter.
8.3.14.5 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during endurance
test upon reconnecting the specimen.
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.15 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance)
8.3.15.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to withstand corrosive
effect of sulfur dioxide, a pollutant in the atmosphere.
8.3.15.2 Test procedures
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Use test equipment and perform test procedures in accordance
with TCVN 7699-2-42, Kc test, compliant with conditions under 8.3.15.3.
8.3.15.3 Test conditions
The following conditions shall be adopted:
- temperature:
(25 ± 2) °C;
- relative
humidity: (93 ± 3)%;
- SO2
concentration: (25 ± 5) μl /l;
- duration: 21
days.
8.3.15.4 Final measurements
Where the specimen has passed the required duration, retrieve
and immediately dry the specimen for 16 ours at (40 ± 2) °C and ≤ 50 % RH, then
place the specimen in standard laboratory conditions for at least 1 hour.
Measure transmission threshold of specimens in accordance with Appendix A.
Record threshold value Aafter.
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Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during endurance
test upon reconnecting the specimen.
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.16 Shock (operational)
8.3.16.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to withstand physical
shock that may occur in expected working environment.
8.3.16.2 Test procedures
Use test equipment and perform test procedures in accordance
with TCVN 769902027, Ea test, and 8.3.16.3.
8.3.16.3 Test conditions
For specimen weighing < 4,75 kg, the following conditions
shall be adopted:
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- duration of shock: 6 ms;
- peak
acceleration: 10(100 - 20M) m/s2 (where M represents weight of the
specimen in kilogram);
- number of
directions: six;
- number of
shocks per direction: three.
Tests shall not be carried out on specimen weighing > 4,75
kg.
8.3.16.4 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process and wait for an
additional 2 minutes for any alarm signal or error.
After testing, measure transmission threshold of the specimen
in accordance with Appendix A. Record the threshold value of Aafter.
8.3.16.3 Requirements
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Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.17 Impact (operational)
8.3.17.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to withstand physical
impact on its surface in normal working conditions.
8.3.17.2 Test procedures
8.3.17.3 Test conditions
Conditions under relevant parts of the TCVN 7568 shall be
adopted.
8.3.17.3.1 In respect of elements tested by spring impactor (e.g.
control and indicating equipment), the following conditions shall be adopted:
- impact energy:
(0,5 ± 0,04) J;
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8.3.17.3.2 In respect of elements tested by regular impactor, the
following conditions shall be adopted:
- impact energy:
(1,9 ± 0,1) J;
- impact
velocity: (1,5 ± 0,13) m/s
- number of
impact: 1.
8.3.17.4 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process and wait for an
additional 2 minutes for any alarm signal or error.
8.3.17.5 Final measurements
After testing, measure transmission threshold of the specimen
in accordance with Appendix A. Record the threshold value of Aafter.
8.3.17.6 Requirements
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Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.18 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)
8.3.18.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to operate regardless
of vibration at a level appropriate to normal working environment.
8.3.18.2 Test procedures
Use test equipment and conduct tests detailed under TCVN
7699-2-6, test Fc, section 8.3.18.3 through 8.3.18.5.
8.3.18.3 Test conditions
8.3.18.3.1 For control and indicating equipment, the following
conditions shall be adopted:
- bandwidth (10 to 150) Hz;
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- number of
axles: three;
- sweeping rate:
1 octave/minute;
- sweeping
cycles: 1 cycle/axle.
8.3.18.3.2 In respect of other elements , the conditions below shall be adopted:
- bandwidth (10 to 150) Hz;
- acceleration:
5 m/s2 (≈ 0,5 gn);
- number of
axles: three;
- sweeping rate:
1 octave/minute;
- sweeping
cycles: 1 cycle/axle.
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Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error.
8.3.18.5 Final measurements
After testing, measure transmission threshold of the specimen
in accordance with Appendix A. Record the threshold value of Aafter.
8.3.18.6 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during endurance
test upon reconnecting the specimen.
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than 6 dB where
A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
8.3.19 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)
8.3.19.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate ability of the specimen to withstand long-term
impact of vibration at level appropriate to working environment.
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Do not power the specimen during test.
Use test equipment and perform tests in accordance with TCVN
7699-2-6, Fc test, 8.3.19.3 through 8.3.19.4.
8.3.19.3 Test conditions
8.3.19.3.1 For control and indicating equipment, the following
conditions shall be adopted:
- bandwidth (10
to 150) Hz;
- acceleration:
5 m/s2 (≈ 0,5 gn);
- number of
axles: three;
- sweeping rate:
1 octave/minute;
- Sweeping
frequency: 20.
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- bandwidth (10
to 150) Hz;
- acceleration:
10 m/s2 (≈ 0,5 gn);
- number of
axles: three;
- sweeping rate:
1 octave/minute;
- sweeping
cycles: 20 cycle/axle.
8.3.19.4 Final measurements
After testing, measure transmission threshold of the specimen
in accordance with Appendix A. Record the threshold value of Aafter.
8.3.19.3 Requirements
Alarm signal and error signal do not occur during endurance
test upon reconnecting the specimen.
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8.3.20 Electromagnetic compatibility test (EMC)
8.3.20.1 Purpose of tests
To demonstrate immunity to potential electromagnetic
emissions in normal working conditions.
8.3.20.2 Test procedures
EMC tests below shall be carried out in accordance with
description under EN 50130-4:
a) Electrostatic discharge;
b) radiated electromagnetic fields;
c) conducted disturbance induced by electromagnetic fields;
d) fast transient bursts;
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f) change of primary feed voltage;
g) voltage drop and short interruption of power source.
8.3.20.3 Measurements in tests
Monitor specimens throughout test process for any alarm
signal or error signal.
8.3.20.4 Final measurements
After testing, measure transmission threshold of the specimen
in accordance with Appendix A. Record the threshold value of Aafter.
8.3.20.5 Requirements
In respect of these tests, criteria shall be specified under
the EN 50130-4 and appropriate provisions of the TCVN 7568, the following
provision will be applied:
Difference between |Aafter - A| must be lower than
6 dB where A is measured in reproducibility test (8.3.7).
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Appendix A
(Regulation)
Configuration test via the use of r.f.
absorber
A.1 R.f. absorber for alarm signal transmitter
Alarm signal transmitters shall be installed in test
equipment in accordance with Figure A.1 and the followings:
a) test equipment shall have metal shell capable of blocking
r.f. wave, providing adequate attenuation from generator to avoid activation of
signals transmitted in space of corresponding receivers;
b) cavity resonance of enclosure shell shall be dampened by
coating the inside with r.f. absorber (e.g. ferrite tiles) or other methods;
c) physical location of alarm signal transmitters shall be
reconfigured so that output power of the equipment does not change more than 1
dB after detaching and reattaching the elements;
d) a hexagonal mesh shall be installed on each side of r.f. absorber
and all penetrating connections shall be available on the side of the enclosure
to permit functional tests. In the presence of the use of hexagonal mesh, smoke
detectors inside can be activated by using test smoke; heat detectors can be
activated by using hair dryers. Filtered connection must also be present on the
side of the enclosure to accommodate low-voltage AC/DC powering alarm signal transmitters.
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f) the equipment will not be affected by different
environmental test scenarios with output greater than ± 1 dB, which means that insulative
materials that alter relative permittivity in specific temperature and humidity
conditions should be avoided;
g) antenna of alarm signal transmitters shall be secured at
the same position in all environment tests in accordance with technical
parameters provided by the manufacturer.
NOTE: The purpose of working with test equipment is to
convert free transmission medium to cable transmission with high
reproducibility and insignificant tolerance to r.f. transmission interference.
NOTE:
1- r.f. absorber enclosure for fire detection and alarm
system with an alarm signal transmitter
2- antenna
3- microwave absorber
4- r.f. attenuator (AT = 0 dB to 100 dB)
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6- input/output, e.g. power source or alarm
Figure A.1 - Connected test equipment
and elements in r.f. absorbent enclosure
A.2 R.f. absorber for alarm signal receiver
Alarm signal receivers shall be installed in test equipment
in accordance with Figure A.1 and the followings:
a) test equipment shall have metal shell capable of blocking
r.f. wave, providing adequate attenuation from transmitter to avoid activation
of signals transmitted in space of corresponding receivers;
b) cavity resonance of enclosure shell shall be dampened by
coating the inside with r.f. absorber (e.g. ferrite tiles) or other methods;
c) physical location of alarm signal receivers shall be
configured when at wide attenuation range where 80% of transmission tests are
successful; r.f. attenuators connected between two test equipments shall not
vary more than ±1 dB after detaching and reattaching;
d) the equipment will not be affected by different
environment tests at attenuation where 80% of transmission tests are successful
and which is measured by r.f. attenuators connected between two test equipments
to be greater than ±1 dB, which means that insulative materials that alter
relative permittivity in specific temperature and humidity conditions should be
avoided;
e) antenna of alarm signal transmitters shall be secured at
the same position in all environment tests in accordance with technical
parameters provided by the manufacturer.
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A.3 Connection between test equipment and alarm signal
transmitters, test equipment and alarm signal receivers
Equipment described under A.1 and A>2 shall be connected
by shielded cables with attenuators connected to signal wires as shown in
Figure A.1.
A complete test shall have sufficient attenuation to avoid
direct reciprocal interaction between tested elements.
A.4 Determining transmission threshold A
Transmission threshold A means the highest attenuation at
which at least 80% of alarm transmission tests are successful. This value is
determined by influencing radio parts of the equipment to transition from
normal conditions to alarm conditions via addition of smoke, heat, light, or
test rod.
In most cases, the highest value of A, at which 80% of alarm
transmission tests are successful can be determined choosing the value of A at
which 4 out of 5 alarm transmission tests are successful.
Some radio parts are tested at specific time due to their
control and indicating equipment while other radio parts are tested by
transmitting signals verifying their operational status. Where intervals between
these transmissions are known in advance and short enough and where
transmission power is similar to alarm signal transmission power, the highest
value of A can be determined via status of the signal. Attenuators will simply
increase attenuation until signs of loss of communication with radio parts are
indicated on control and indicating equipment. Where the maximum value of A is
determined, the final value of A shall by determined by transmitting alarm
signal as described above at the same value of A.
Alarm state of radio parts achieved via various methods
depending on the type of equipment. As such, methods for generating alarm shall
be determined on the basis of tested radio equipment.
In respect of smoke detectors, heat detectors, or fire detectors,
it is possible to introduce test smoke, heaters, or light sources to the
detectors via hexagonal mesh screen installed on both sides of testing
equipment according to A.1.
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During environment tests, all elements to be tested must make
contact with the environment. This can be achieved by, for example: opening the
enclosure, except for attenuation measurement.
In general, it is important that all cables and equipment for
testing must be properly secured to tiles in the same arrangement in each
measurement of A. Failure to adhere with the aforementioned requirement will
cause deviations in values of A which affect test results.
Appendix B
(Regulation)
Immunity to site attenuation (path
loss)
Experience shows that in reality, it is possible to adjust
the presence of site attenuation variance by adhering to requirements below.
Minimum reserve of site attenuation under 4.2.1 b) shall be
calculated as follows:
Areserve ≥ 10 log (f)
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Reserve of site attenuation can be reduced to a minimum of 10
dB via the adoption of any of the solutions detailed under Schedule B.1.
Schedule B.1 - Solutions for reducing
reserve of site attenuation
Solution
Minimum reserve of site attenuation
Standard transmission
Areserve /1
Automatic alteration of the directional radiation
characteristics of the transmitter or receiver antenna
Minimum difference of 5 dB (e.g. space diversity)
Areserve /1,5
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Areserve /2
Automatic space diversity
The distance separation between one or more antennae of at
least one wavelength
Areserve /3
The target point of the useful signal (control and
indicating equipment) can be reached automatically via several independent
radio paths (repeaters)
Areserve /3
Appendix C
(Informative)
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The manufacturer must declare the type and service life of
autonomous power source. Service life can be verified by an equation. This
calculation shall take into account the mean consumption and voltage under
quiescent and at standard atmospheric conditions.
Schedule C.1 indicates an example of data required from
manufacturer of audible alarm. Calculation examples are provided under Schedule
C.2.
Schedule C.1 - Necessary data for
calculating service life of autonomous power source
Parameter
Variable and calculation
Example value
PARAMETER OF THE ELEMENT
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Consumption current of processor
IPR
10,86 μA
Leakage current of Tantalum capacitor
ICL
3,7 μA
Leakage current of voltmeter
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2,4 μA
Leakage current of voltage stabilizer
IVL
0,8 μA
Total idling consumption current
IQ = IPR + ICL + IDL + IVL
17,76 μA
Receiver
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Consumption current of receiver
/R
3,4 mA
Waiting time (no messages)
tRon
32,8 ms
Idling time
TW
1,35 s
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NRW = 3600 s/h/TW
2666,67
Transmitter
Consumption current of transmitter
IT
32,1 mA
Transmitting time (periodic communication)
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352 ms
Periodic communication interval
TPC
6 min
Number of instances of periodic communication in 1 hour
NPC = 60 min/h/TPC
10
Speaker
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Consumption current
IS
50 mA
PARAMETER FOR PERIODIC FUNCTIONAL TEST
Speaker
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IS
50 mA
Duration of speaker activation
Ttest
8,36 min
Number of tests in 1 week
Nsoundtest
1
LED
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Consumption current when LED is on
ILED
8 mA
Duration of LED activation
tLEDon
5 min
Number of test in 1 year
NLEDtest
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Number of tests in 1 week
NLEDtest/(52 weeks/year)
1/52
PARAMETERS OF POWER SOURCE
Battery information
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Cbatt1
7,75 Ah
Nominal capacity of battery 2
Cbatt2
2,70 Ah
Total nominal capacity of batteries
Cbatt = Cbatt1 + Cbatt2
10,45 Ah
Schedule C.2 - Example calculation of
service life of autonomous power source
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Variable and calculation
Example value
Required functions of elements
Speaker operation for 30 minutes before running out of
battery
CS = 0,5 h x IS
25 mAh
Battery usage in idling in 1 week
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2,98 mAh/week
Battery usage for periodic communication in 1 week
CP = IT x 
x NPC/(3 600 s/h) x 168 h/week
5,27 mAh/week
Battery usage for receiving messages in 1 week
CR = IT x 
x NRW/(3 600 s/h) x 168 h/week
13,9 mAh/week
5-minute fire test
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Batter usage for speaker operation
CSounder = IS x ttest/(60 min/h) x Nsoundtest
6,96 mAh/week
Battery usage for LED operation
CLED = ILED x tLEDon/(60 min/h) x NLEDtest/(52
weeks/year)
0,0128 mAh/week
Total capacity in idling
Ctotal = CQ + CP + CR + Csounder
+ CLED
29,12 mAh/week
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30 minutes of speaker operation before running out of
battery
CS
0,025 Ah
30 days in idling before running out of battery
C30 = Ctotal x 4 weeks
0,116 Ah
Battery capacity for operation
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10,31 Ah
Service life of power source
Actual usage of power source
tLife = Cav/Ctotal
354 weeks
Actual usage of power source
tLife = Cav/Ctotal/(52 weeks/year)
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Reference
[1] ISO
7240-25:2010 Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 25: Components
using radio transmission paths.
[2]
BS EN 54-25:2008 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Components using
radio links.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword
1. Scope
2. Referencing
document
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4. System
requirements
4.1 General provisions
4.2 Radio frequency transmission paths
5. Element
requirements
5.1 Compliance
5.2 General requirements
5.3 Power supply equipment
5.4 Environmental requirements
6. Marking
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7.1 General requirements
7.2 Input/output devices
8. Testing
8.1 General requirements
8.2 System tests
8.3 Element test
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C