Facilities having flammable and
explosive chemicals may maintain a greater safety distance depending on heat
generation risk assessment and fire incident precautions.
8.1.3. Flammable and explosive
chemicals must not be stored together with oxygen, oxygen-release substances,
hazardous and incompatible chemicals, substances subject to different fire
extinguishing requirements or substances capable of triggering hazardous
reaction in the case of contact or fire.
8.1.4. Equipment and pipes containing
flammable or explosive chemicals must not be placed near heat sources. In the
case of exposure to direct sunlight, measures should be adopted to reduce heat
(coating reflective paint or spraying water, etc.);
8.2. Requirements concerning electric
power systems and air ventilation systems
8.2.1. An electric power system in areas
where flammable and explosive chemicals exist must satisfy the following
requirements:
- Power tools, electrical equipment
and lighting equipment must be fire and explosion safe and the explosion-proof
level of which must be relevant to the environment of flammable or explosive
vapor or gas;
- Power cables must not be laid in the
same underground trench or location where pipes conveying flammable and
explosive vapors, gases and liquids exist;
- Circuit breakers and outlets must be
located outside areas where flammable or explosive chemicals exist;
8.2.2. Air ventilation systems of
warehouses of flammable and explosive chemicals must provide adequate
ventilation in such a way that the chemical vapor concentration is less than
10% of the lower explosive limit either by natural or mechanical means;
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8.3.1. Machinery and equipment in
areas where flammable chemicals exist must satisfy fire safety requirements
under TCVN 3255: 1986. Technical measures should be taken to ensure that tools
working in areas where flammable and explosive chemicals exist do not produce
any friction or impact spark.
8.3.2. Electrical tools and equipment,
and lifting equipment installed and used inside warehouses must be fire and
explosion proof.
- Lifting equipment and forklifts must
satisfy applicable fire safety standards. Repair, refueling and charging are
prohibited in chemical warehouses and factories producing and using chemicals.
- Tools used to open flammable and
explosive chemical containers must be made of materials that do not produce any
friction or impact spark or technical measures should be taken to avoid producing
friction or impact sparks.
8.3.3. Containers of flammable and explosive
liquids must maintain the prescribed filling factor depending on the
physico-chemical properties of such liquids; large containers must be equipped
with an one-way relief valve or flame failure device with an explosion-proof
flange; the explosion-proof flange must be made of non-flammable and explosive
materials; the end of a pipe conveying flammable and explosive chemicals to a
container must be close to the edge or to the bottom; Pressure vessels must
have overpressure relief valves.
Containers must be inspected at least
once a month. The inspection record must be retained until the next inspection
and presented to the competent authority upon request.
8.3.4. Flammable and explosive
containers which are exposed to sunlight must be made of light-blocking
materials or covered with light-blocking materials. Glass doors of warehouses
must be painted to block light or use frosted glass;
8.4. Requirements
when working and coming into contact with chemicals
8.4.1. Compressed air that contains
oxygen must not be used to propel flammable or explosive chemicals from one
device to another. When decanting flammable or explosive chemicals from one
bottle to another, both bottles must be grounded;
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8.4.3. A flame must not be used as
source of light to find the leaks of pipes or equipment containing flammable or
explosive chemicals;
8.4.4. If flammable or explosive
chemicals come into direct contact with other chemicals, the following
requirements must be satisfied:
- The technology process and safe
operating procedure are strictly followed;
- The effects of additional substances
on the thermotolerance, flammability or explosivity of flammable or explosive
chemicals are known;
- No unidentified impurities are present
in the additional substances.
8.4.5. Before welding equipment and
pipes that are previously used to contain flammable or explosive chemicals, it
is required to open all equipment covers and pipe flanges to completely release
flammable or explosive vapors and clean them in such a manner as to ensure that
no flammable or explosive mixture is formed.
8.4.6. Before introducing a flammable
or explosive substance into a pipe or equipment or before and after repair, the
fire safety procedure must be strictly followed:
- Conduct a leak test or pressure test
(if necessary);
- Use a suitable solvent or inert
gases to clean;
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The inspection result must be
certified by a safety officer before carrying out repair;
8.4.7. When doing spray painting,
especially in a closed space, it is required to ensure that the mixture of
paint and air is beyond the explosive limit and to avoid static electricity
causing fire and explosion;
8.4.8. When loading and unloading
flammable or explosive chemicals, it is required to:
- Establish a procedure for safe
loading and unloading of flammable or explosive chemicals;
- Equip appropriate facilities for
spill response;
- Prohibit unauthorized transport
vehicles or transport vehicles that fail to satisfy fire safety regulations
from entering flammable and explosive chemical storage areas.
- During the loading and unloading of
flammable and explosive chemicals, transport vehicles must be completely turned
off or take appropriate fire safety measures;
8.4.9. In the event of a fire or
explosion incident, every person that is present must use PPE to participate in
the rescue and fire fighting. Persons who do not have appropriate PPE are not
permitted to participate in fire fighting. The person who calls the fire
department and ambulance services must provide specific address and directly
lead the way.
8.4.11. When
a fire occurs in the area where a ventilator is operating, the ventilator must
be stopped to avoid spreading the fire, then take appropriate extinguishing
measures.
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9. Requirements
for production, commerce, use, storage and transportation of corrosive
chemicals
Any facility that produces, trades,
uses or stores corrosive chemicals satisfying the labeling criteria
corresponding to pictogram GHS05 (hereinafter referred to as “corrosive
chemicals”) must comply with the following regulations:
9.1. Requirements concerning
equipment, factories and warehouses containing corrosive chemicals
9.1.1. The facilities having corrosive
chemicals must take measures for preventing the corrosion and protecting
construction works. Factories and warehouses containing liquid corrosive
chemicals must set up systems for draining, collecting and treating chemicals.
9.1.2. Materials of the equipment and
pipes that contain corrosive chemicals must be suitable and ensure tightness. The
valves and hatches must be safe for the operators’ movements. Pressurized
equipment that contains corrosive chemicals must be checked periodically.
9.1.3. The path above the equipment
that contains corrosive chemicals must have guardrails and railings to ensure
safety during operation. The wall of equipment or reservoir must be at least
1.2 m higher than the position of the operator. No pedestal or any item that
reduces such height shall be placed.
9.1.4. Every warehouse of corrosive
chemicals must be made of materials that are not damaged by corrosive
substances. The floor of the warehouse must be flat and surrounded by an edge
protruding at least 0.1 m from the ground or a layer of sand that is 0.2 - 0.3
m thick;
9.2. Placing and storing corrosive
chemicals
9.2.1. Organic substances (such as
straw, shavings, sawdust and paper), oxidizing substances, explosive or
flammable chemicals must not be stored in the same warehouse with corrosive
chemicals. Acidic inorganic corrosive chemicals, alkaline corrosive substances,
and other corrosive substances shall be stored in separate areas or warehouses;
the aisle of storage areas must be at least 1 m wide.
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9.2.3. The materials of packages of
corrosive chemicals must be tight and not be damaged by corrosive substances;
the liquid corrosive chemicals must not be filled in a package in excess of the
permissible filling factor.
9.2.4. Stacks containing corrosive
chemicals must be designed and installed in such a manner as to prevent
accumulation of incompatible chemicals.
9.2.5. Chemicals that are incompatible
or come into contact with each other triggering hazardous reactions must not be
placed in the same corrosive chemical storage area.
9.2.5.1. Regarding substances that are
incompatible with corrosive substances
They must be segregated in separate
areas or in the same area at a minimum distance of 5 m for liquid corrosive
chemicals or 3 m for solid corrosive chemicals.
9.2.5.2. Regarding chemicals that
trigger hazardous reactions when coming into contact with each other, one of
the following measures should be adopted:
- Segregate them in separate areas
with walls and doors to ensure safety.
- Segregate them in the same area at a
minimum distance of 5 m.
- Keep them in the same area but they
must not share bunding or drainage systems to ensure no contact even in the
case of spills or leaks;
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9.3.1. Corrosive chemicals must not be
carried by hand. Specialized equipment shall be used when lifting, decanting or
moving equipment containing corrosive chemicals.
9.3.2. The equipment and pipes that
contain corrosive chemicals shall be cleaned and repaired under a safe working
plan with certification by a safety officer.
9.3.3. First aid
kits, taps and containers of neutralizing chemicals: NaHCO3 0.3 %, CH3COOH 0.3
% or other appropriate ones must be available where corrosive chemicals are
stored in case of chemical incidents.
9.3.4. Workers in the warehouse must
regularly check the tightness of the packages and containers of corrosive
chemicals, and promptly take appropriate measures.
PPE must be used when coming into
contact with chemicals.
10. Requirements
for production, commerce, use, storage of toxic chemicals
Any facility that produces, trades,
uses or stores toxic chemicals satisfying the labeling criteria corresponding
to any of the pictograms GHS06, GHS07, GHS08 and GHS09 (hereinafter referred
to as “toxic chemicals”) must comply with the following regulations:
10.1. Requirements concerning
equipment, factories and warehouses containing toxic chemicals
10.1.1. The facility must supervise
the delivery and receipt of chemicals and make a toxic chemical sales record
which must indicate accurate quantity of toxic chemicals stored in the
warehouse.
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10.1.3. The danger of machinery,
equipment, and special stages of manufacture must be warned using the signs.
10.1.4. Natural ventilation must be
set up where toxic gases and dusts are present. Mechanical ventilation shall
also be used to ensure that the concentration of toxic substances in the
working environment does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration in
accordance with applicable regulations.
10.1.5. The equipment containing toxic
chemicals that are likely to vaporize or produce dust must be very tight and
only placed in the positions required by the manufacturing process.
10.1.6. Toxic chemicals must be stored
in warehouses that has watertight walls and floor, are not affected by
flooding, are located far away from residential areas and firmly locked.
10.1.7. Areas where toxic chemicals
are stored must have a system of collection banks and trenches; the minimum
storage capacity of the collection system must be 110% of the total volume of
goods;
10.2. Requirements when working and
coming into contact with toxic chemicals
10.2.1. Gas masks must be used when coming
into contact with toxic chemicals. Gas masks must be selected according to the
chemical manufacturer's recommendations in the MSDS indicating the chemical.
10.2.2. Appropriate dust-proof face
masks, dust-proof clothes, boots and gloves shall be used when being in contact
with toxic dusts. The body must be tightly covered when being in contact with
toxic liquids.
PPE must be placed in an airtight
cabinet, have its use strictly controlled and undergo periodic inspections.
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10.2.4. It is prohibited to come into
direct contact with toxic chemicals. The instruments for measuring toxic
chemicals must be carefully cleaned after use.
10.2.5. Before a person starts working
in a tight place with toxic chemicals, the concentration of toxic chemicals in
the air must be tested, appropriate measures for detoxification shall be taken
to ensure that the residual amount of toxic substances is below the maximum
permissible concentration and appropriate PPE must be provided. 02 or more
people shall work at the same time to issue an alert or provide timely
assistance in the event of an incident.
10.2.6. Decanting and repackaging areas
must be airy, hygienic and safe or have a toxic gas removal system.
10.2.7. While using chemical-measuring
devices, ensure that toxic chemicals are not leaked or spilled or dust is
released to the air.
11. Safety
requirements applicable to outdoor chemical containers
11.1. Liquid chemical storage tanks
must have a bunding system and watertight floor to ensure that chemicals do not
escape to the environment in the event of spills.
11.2. The storage capacity of the bunding
system must be greater than or equal to 110% of the capacity of the storage
tank or group of storage tanks in the dike system.
11.3. Storage tanks must be labeled
with GHS pictograms. Pictograms must be visible from the entrances to the tank
area.
11.3.1. For a storage tank with a
diameter of 06 m or more, the edges of a pictogram must not be less than 50 cm.
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12. Safety
requirements during transportation of hazardous chemicals
12.1. Regulations set out in the
Government’s Decree No. 42/2020/ND-CP dated April 08, 2020 and applicable legal
documents shall be complied with when transporting hazardous chemicals.
12.2. When transporting hazardous
chemicals, the following requirements must be satisfied:
12.2.1. TCVN 6304:1997 shall be
complied with when moving bottles of compressed air and liquefied gases.
12.2.2. Oxygen bottles must not be
transported together with bottles of flammable gases or other flammable
substances.
12.2.3. When transporting hazardous
chemicals, vehicles must have specialized storage tanks and must
be roofed or covered. Canvas must cover all chemicals being transported to prevent
exposure to rainwater and direct sunlight, and chemical leaks or spills.
12.3. Environmental conditions for
storage shall be satisfied according to the MSDS.
12.4. Hazardous chemicals must not be
transported together with humans, animals and other goods.
13. Safety
requirements during loading and unloading of hazardous chemicals
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13.2. Before loading or unloading, the
loader must check the packages, labels, and directly provide guidance on work
safety.
13.3. It is not prohibited to load
chemicals that can react to each other or are extinguished using different
methods onto the same vehicle. The stacks must be close together and choked to
avoid collapse and movement.
13.4. After unloading part of
hazardous chemicals on the vehicle, the chemicals that remain on the vehicle
must be carefully choked to ensure they cannot move or collapse before carrying
on the transit.
13.5. While loading or unloading, it
is not permitted to drag, throw or damage goods; packages must be placed in
correct direction. Hazardous chemicals must not be moved by hand.
13.6. The safety of lifting and moving
instruments must be checked before loading or unloading hazardous chemicals.
III.
Implementation
1. Responsibilities
of organizations and individuals
The Vietnam Chemicals Agency shall
preside over and cooperate with authorities and units concerned in providing
guidelines for, inspecting and supervising the implementation of this
Regulation.
1.2. Departments of Industry and Trade
of provinces and cities shall cooperate with authorities concerned in providing
guidelines for and inspecting the implementation of this Regulation.
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2. Effect
2.1. This Regulation comes into force
from July 01, 2021.
2.2. Within 18 months from the
effective date of this Regulation, hazardous chemical facilities must satisfy
the requirements laid down in this Regulation./.
ANNEX
A
PICTOGRAMS INDICATING HAZARDS OF CHEMICALS
Pictogram
under GHS
Pictograms
classified and grouped based on chemical and physical properties and
dangerous goods (the label is equivalent to a pictogram under GHS).
GHS01
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Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles
Division
1.1: Substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard.
Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles.
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Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles.
Division
1.3: Substances and articles which have a fire hazard and either a minor
blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion
hazard.
Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles.
Division
1.4: Substances and articles which present no significant hazard.
Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles.
Division
1.5: Very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard
Category
1. Explosives and explosive articles.
Division
1.6: Extremely articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard
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Class 3.
Flammable liquids and liquid desensitized explosives.
Class 4
Division
4.1: Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid explosives immersed
in liquids or desensitized.
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Division
4.2.: Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Class 4.
Division
4.3: Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases.
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Class 2.
Gases.
Division
2.1: Flammable gases.
Class 5.
Division
5.2: Organic peroxides
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GHS03
Class 5.
Division
5.1: Oxidizing substances
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GHS04
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Class 2.
Gases.
Division
2.2: Non-flammable non-toxic gases.
Class 2.
Gases.
Division
2.2: Non-flammable non-toxic gases.
Class 2.
Gases.
Division
2.3: Toxic gases.
Class 2.
Gases.
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GHS05
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Class 8:
Corrosive substances.
GHS06
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Class 6.
Division
6.1: Toxic substances.
Class 2.
Gases.
Division
2.3: Toxic gases.
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GHS07
Not
having an equivalent pictogram
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GHS08
Not
having an equivalent
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GHS09
Not
having an equivalent pictogram
Not
having an equivalent pictogram
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Class 9:
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles.
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Not
covered by the requirements concerning hazardous chemicals in the workplace
Class 6.
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Class 7:
Radioactive material.
ANNEX
B
LIST OF INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS
Table 1:
Incompatible chemicals – by pictograms
Notes:
(X) – Not compatible
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Table 2:
Incompatible chemicals – based on classification of dangerous goods
Segregation
key
Segregation type
COMPATIBLE:
Chemicals with similar hazards are usually compatible. However chemicals may
have more than one hazard and the MSDS should be still checked.
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MINIMUM THREE METRE
(3 m) SEPERATION: These chemicals may react dangerously if stored together
may and should be kept at least three metres (3 m) apart.
MINIMUM THREE METRE
(5 m) SEPERATION: Storing these chemicals together will significantly
increase the likelihood or severity of an incident. They should be kept at
least five metres (5 m) apart or in separate storage areas.
ISOLATE: Dedicated
storage areas or storage cabinets are recommended for self-reactive chemicals
and organic peroxides, as is separation from other buildings and property
boundaries.
Table 3:
Common chemical incompatibles
No.
Chemical
Keep out of contact
with
1
Acetic Acid
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2
Acetone
Concentrated nitric
and sulfuric acid mixtures, and strong bases
3
Acetylene
Chlorine, bromine,
copper, fluorine, silver, mercury
4
Alkali metals
Water, carbon
tetrachloride or other chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, the halogens
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Ammonia, anhydrous
Mercury, chlorine,
calcium hypochlorite, iodine, bromine, hydrofluoric acid
6
Ammonium nitrate
Acids, metal
powders, flammable liquids, chlorates,
nitrites, sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible materials
7
Aniline
Nitric acid,
hydrogen peroxide
8
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Any reducing agent
9
Azides
Acids
10
Bromine
Same as chlorine
11
Calcium oxide
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12
Carbon (activated)
Calcium
hypochlorite, all oxidizing agents
13
Carbon
tetrachloride
Sodium
14
Chlorates
Ammonium salts,
acids, metal powders, sulfur, finely
divided organic or combustible materials
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Chromic acid and
chromium trioxide
Acetic acid,
naphthalene, camphor, glycerol, glycerin, turpentine, alcohol, flammable
liquids in general
16
Chlorine
Ammonia, acetylene,
butadiene, butane, methane, propane
(or other petroleum gases), hydrogen, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene,
finely divided metals
17
Chlorine dioxide
Ammonia, methane,
phosphine, hydrogen sulfide
18
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Acetylene, hydrogen
peroxide
19
Cumene
hydroperoxide
Acids, organic or
inorganic
20
Cyanides
Acids
21
Flammable liquids
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22
Hydrocarbons
Fluorine, chlorine,
bromine, chromic acid, sodium peroxide
23
Hydrocyanic acid
Acids
24
Hydrofluoric acid
Ammonia, aqueous or
anhydrous, bases and silica
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Hydrogen peroxide
Copper, chromium,
iron, most metals or their salts, alcohols, acetone, organic materials,
aniline, nitromethane, flammable liquids
26
Hydrogen sulfide
Fuming nitric acid,
other acids, oxidizinggases, acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous),
hydrogen
27
Hypochlorites
Acids, activated
carbon
28
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Acetylene, ammonia
(aqueous or anhydrous), hydrogen
29
Mercury
Acetylene, fulminic
acid, ammonia
30
Nitrate
Sulfuric acid
31
Nitric acid
(concentrated)
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32
Nitrites
Acids
33
Nitroparaffins
Inorganic bases,
amines
34
Oxalic acid
Silver, mercury
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Oxygen
Oils, grease,
hydrogen; flammable liquids, solids or gases
36
Perchloric acid
Acetic anhydride,
bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper,
wood, grease, and oils
37
Peroxides, organic
Acids (organic or
mineral), avoid friction, store cold
38
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Air, oxygen,
alkalis, reducing agents
39
Potassium
Carbon
tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water
40
Potassium chlorate
and perchlorate
Sulfuric and other
acids, alkali metals, magnesium and calcium.
41
Potassium permanganate
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42
Selenium
Reducing agents
43
Silver
Acetylene, oxalic
acid, tartaric acid, ammonium compounds, fulminic acid
44
Sodium
Carbon
tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water
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Sodium nitrite
Ammonium nitrate
and other ammonium salts
46
Sodium peroxide
Ethyl or methyl
alcohol, glacial acetic acid, acetic
anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide,
glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate,
methyl acetate, furfural
47
Sulfides
Acids
48
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Potassium chlorate,
potassium perchlorate, potassium permanganate
(or compounds with similar light
metals, such as sodium, lithium, etc.)
49
Tellurides
Reducing agents
50
Zinc powder
Sulphur