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MINISTRY
OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
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THE
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence– Freedom – Happiness
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No.:
44/2011/TT-BTNMT
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Hanoi,
December 26, 2011
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CIRCULAR
DEFINING
THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON ENVIRONMENT
MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
Pursuant to the Law on
Standards and Technical Regulations dated June 29, 2006;
Pursuant to the Decree
No.127/2007/ND-CP dated August 01, 2007 of the Government detailing the implementation
of some Articles of the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations;
Pursuant to the Decree
No.25/2008/ND-CP dated March 04, 2008 of the Government regulating functions,
duties, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environment amended, supplemented at Decree No.19/2010/ND-CP dated March
05, 2010 of the Government and Decree No.89/2010/ND-CP of August 16, 2010 of
the Government;
At the request of the General
Director of Environment, Director of Department of Science and Technology and
Director of the Legal Affairs Department,
REGULATES:
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Article 2.
This Circular takes effect as from March 01, 2012.
Article 3.
General Director of General Department of Environment and heads of units under
the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Directors of Departments of
Natural Resources and Environment of provinces and cities directly under the
Central Government and other concerned organizations and individuals are
responsible for the implementation of this Circular. /.
FOR
MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Bui Cach Tuyen
QCVN 41: 2011/BTNMT
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON CO-PROCESSING OF HAZARDOUS
WASTE IN CEMENT KILNS
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QCVN 41: 2011/BTNMT compiled by
the group of editors of National Technical Regulations on co-processing of hazardous
waste in cement kilns, General Department of Environment, Department of Science
and Technology, Department of Legal Affairs submit for approval and issued
under Circular No.44/2011/TT-BTNMT dated December 26, 2011 by the Minister of
Natural Resources and Environment.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS
ON
CO-PROCESSING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE IN CEMENT KILNS
1. GENERAL
PROVISIONS
1.1. Scope of governing
This Regulations specifies the
technical requirements for the application of co-processing hazardous waste
(hereinafter referred to as HW) in cement kilns.
1.2. Subjects of
application
This Regulations only applies
to the establishments, lines of cement production applying co-processing
hazardous waste in cement kilns (hereinafter referred to as cement establishments
of HW co-processing), state management agency on environment and organizations
and individuals involved in the co-processing of hazardous waste in cement
kilns.
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In this Regulations, the
following terms are construed as follows:
1.3.1. Cement kiln
(hereinafter referred to as kiln) means a system to convert raw
materials into clinker in the cement production establishments, and may include
parts of pre-burning, pre-calcification.
1.3.2. Pre-burning or
pre-calcification means a process done separately or combined in the same
department together with the kiln for drying purpose or calcification of part
or whole of raw materials before loaded into the kilns.
1.3.3. HW co-processing
in cement kilns (hereinafter referred to as HW co-processing) means a
combination of the cement production process for handling hazardous waste,
including hazardous waste used as fuel, alternative materials in cement
production or be incinerated by temperatures in the kilns.
1.3.4. Pretreatment means
the process of preliminary or primary treatment of waste to produce a waste
stream which is relatively homogeneous according to certain technical
requirements before loading into co-processing.
1.3.5. Industrial gas waste
from cement production applied HW co-processing (hereinafter referred to
as gas waste from HW co-processing) means a mixture of the material
composition emitted to air environment from the major chimney of the kilns and
parts of pre-burning, pre-calcification applying HW co-processing (hereinafter
referred to as the major chimney).
1.3.6. Nm3
(cubic meters of standard waste gas) means a cubic meter of exhaust gas at a
temperature of -25 ° C and pressure of 760 mm Hg.
1.3.7. Kp means a power factor
in proportion of a total capacity by design of the cement establishment of HW
co-processing.
1.3.8. Kv means the
coefficient of the area, region in proportion of locations of establishment of
HW co-processing.
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2.
TECHNICAL PROVISIONS
2.1. General requirements for
cement establishment of HW co-processing
2.1.1. Required to use
technology rotary kiln of dry method.
2.1.2. With locations not in one
of the following areas:
2.1.2.1. Inner suburbs, inner
city of urban area of special grade, grades I, II, III, IV (as stipulated in
Decree No.42/2009/ND-CP dated May 07, 2009 by the Government on the
classification of urban city); suburbs with the distance to the inner city boundary
of special grade, grade I under 05 km (from the base of the major chimney of
the cement establishment of HW co-processing);
2.1.2.2. Specially-used forest
areas including national parks; natural preservation areas; landscape
protecting areas; forest for research, scientific experiments (as prescribed in
the 2004 Law on Protection and Development of Forests);
2.1.2.3. Natural heritage areas,
cultural, historic relics ranked (recognized by UNESCO or ranked by the Prime Minister,
the governing ministry decided to establish).
2.1.3. Required to take measures
to cool the waste gases from the major chimney down below 200 degrees
centigrade (<200 ° C) before being discharged into the environment.
2.1.4. Required to have a system
for receiving, temporarily storing and loading waste safely, reasonably
according to regulations.
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2.2. Maximum allowable
concentrations of pollution parameters in the emissions of HW co-processing
2.2.1. For parameters of general
typical pollution in industrial emissions of cement production applying to the
co-processing of HW:
During normal operating
conditions, the maximum allowable concentration of the general typical
pollution parameters in emissions of HW co-processing is calculated as follows:
Cmax
= C x Kp x Kv
Of which:
- Cmax means the maximum
allowable concentration of the general typical pollution parameters in
emissions of HW co-processing, calculated in milligrams per cubic meter of
standard waste gas (mg/ Nm3);
- C means the concentration used
as a basis for calculating the maximum allowable concentration (Cmax) of the
general typical pollution parameters in emissions of HW co-processing, which
are defined in Table 1 of this Regulations;
- Kp is defined in Table 2 of
this Regulations;
- Kv is defined in Table 3 of
this Regulations.
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No.
Parameters
Concentration
C (mg/Nm3)
1
Total dust
100
2
CO
500
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NOx (calculated by NO2)
1.000
4
SO2
500
Table 2: Kp power
factor
Total capacity by design
(Million ton/year)
Kp factor
P ≤ 0,6
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0,6 < P ≤ 1,5
1,0
P > 1,5
0,8
Table 3: Kv coefficient
of the area, region
Zoning,
separating region
Kv coefficient
Type 1
Areas where the distance to
the boundaries of the specially-used forest areas, natural heritage areas, cultural,
historic relics ranked (mentioned in point 2.1.2 of this Regulation) is less
than 05 km.
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Type 2
- Suburban areas where the
distance: to the boundary of inner city areas of special grade, grade I is
from 05 km or more, or to the inner city areas of grades II, III, IV is less
than 05 km;
- Areas where the distance to
the boundary of suburbs of city of special grade, grade I is less than 05 km.
0.8
Type
3
Industrial zones and industrial
clusters; urban city of grade V; suburbs with the distance to the inner city
boundary of grades II, III, IV, is 05 km or more;
- Areas where the distance to
the boundary of this region, this area is less than 05 km.
1.0
Type
4
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1.2
Type
5
Mountainous rural areas
outside t the above mentioned regions, areas.
1.4
Note:
- The distance specified in
this Table 3 is calculated from the base of the major chimney of the cement establishment
of HW co-processing;
- If the base of the major
chimney of the cement establishment of HW co-processing is determined under
both 02 types of regions, areas or more, then apply the smallest Kv among the
regions and areas.
2.2.2. For particular typical
pollution parameters in the exhaust gas of HW co-processing:
During normal operating
conditions, the maximum allowable concentrations of the particular typical
pollution parameters in the exhaust gas of HW co-processing are defined in
Table 4 below.
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No.
Parameters
Unit
Maximum
allowable concentrations
1
HF
mg/Nm3
5
2
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mg/Nm3
50
3
Mercury and its compounds,
measured in Hg
mg/Nm3
0,55
4
Cadmium and its compounds,
measured in Cd
mg/Nm3
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5
Total other heavy metals: As,
Sb, Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, V, Sn, Mn, Tl, Zn
mg/Nm3
2
6
Total Dioxin/Furan (PCDD/PCDF)
ng-TEQ/Nm3
0,6
2.2.3. In addition to parameters
defined in Table 1 and Table 4, in the necessary cases at request and at
pollution control purposes, the concentration of other pollution parameters
are applied as specified in Table 1 of QCVN 19: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical
Regulations on industrial emissions for dust and inorganic substances.
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3.1. Trial operation
3.1.1. The trial operation shall
be conducted in accordance with provisions in Circular No.12/2011/TT-BTNMT.
3.1.2. Where the trial operation
of the HW co-processing contains organic halogen beyond threshold specified in
QCVN 07: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical Regulations on hazardous waste
threshold (hereinafter referred to as QCVN 07: 2009/BTNMT), it must monitor the
parameters of Dioxin/Furan as prescribed in Table 4 of this Regulations.
3.2. Requirements for
preparation of hazardous waste for co-processing.
3.2.1. Before HW is loaded into
co-processing, it must be ensured stably in quality, quantity and calorific
value, as well as uniform in size, nature and chemical composition so not
affecting the normal operation of kilns, product quality and waste gas. Some
requirements for HW prior to loading into co-processing are provided in
Appendix 2 of this Regulations.
3.2.2. In case of necessity, HW
must be taken pre-treatment to meet the requirements in point 3.2.1 of this
Regulations, including measures of preliminary treatment by the single
physic-mechanical measure to change the physical properties (such as reduction
of size, moisture) or chemical treatment to change its components. The
pre-treatment is done inside or outside the cement establishment of HW
co-processing.
3.2.3. The different HWs (even
in different states of existence) are allowed to mix together or with raw
materials, additives, fuel or other waste to meet the requirements in point
3.2.1 of this Regulations, unless it is incompatible with chemical property or
might cause adverse effects such as fire, explosion or hazardous gas emissions.
3.2.4. It is mixed waste at a
large scale only after conducted successful testing at the laboratory scale.
3.3. Requirements on loading
the hazardous waste into co-processing
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3.3.1.1. Not to load HW
when the kiln is in drying mode during startup process or material loading
level is below 75% of the optimum operating level;
3.3.1.2. Not to load
waste (hazardous and conventional) containing halogen into the parts of
pre-burning or pre-calcification;
3.3.1.3. Not to load
organic waste (hazardous and conventional) into the part of pre-burning;
3.3.1.4. Stabilize the HW
load level when the kiln is running stably with optimum operational norms.
3.3.2. HW must be loaded in the
appropriate positions depending on the nature of each waste stream according to
the plans as follows:
3.3.2.1. HW is loaded
with separate load line (for liquid hazardous wastes such as waste water
required using atomizing faucet);
3.3.2.2. Hazardous waste
(solid, liquid, sludge) of non-volatile matter is mixed with raw materials and
additives to provide through regular material load;
3.3.2.3. Liquid HW used
as alternative fuel is loaded directly or mixed with fuel to refill through the
burners;
3.3.2.4. Particularly HWs
containing organic halogen components exceeding HW threshold stipulated in QCVN
07: 2009/BTNMT or volatile organic compounds must be loaded into the main
burner at the end of the kiln.
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3.4.1. In case of urgently
stopping the kilns, it should stop charging HW before unloading materials and
traditional materials and strictly observe process of kiln stopping as
prescribed.
3.4.2. Where the kiln is stopped
as scheduled, it must unload waste for at least 02 hours before stopping the kiln,
switch to use traditional fuel, raw materials and take steps of kiln stopping
in accordance with provisions.
3.5. Requirements for
observation, monitoring of environment
3.5.1. It must have equipment to
observe automatically emissions of HW co-processing for at least two parameters
of temperature and CO and other parameters of automatic, continuous observation
requested by agencies licensing HW management practice (hereinafter referred to
as the licensing agency) depending on the actual situation.
3.5.2. The environmental
monitoring is done periodically in accordance with law provisions and at
request of the agency approving reports on environmental impact assessment,
licensing agencies.
3.5.3. Place of emission
sampling on the chimney body and manipulation floor must be arranged to ensure
safe and convenient for sampling; not to be sampled at the chimney mouth.
3.5.4. Dioxin/Furan parameters
are not required for monitoring except for HW co-processing containing organic
halogen components beyond hazardous waste threshold or other necessary cases as
requested by the agency to approve the environmental impact assessment report,
licensing agencies.
4. METHOD OF
DETERMINATION
4.1. Method of determining the concentration
of pollution parameters specified in this Regulations shall comply with the
following national standards:
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- TCVN 6750: 2000 - The static
source emissions - Determination of mass concentration of sulfur dioxide – gas
ion chromatographic method;
- TCVN 7172: 2002 - The static
source emissions - Determination of mass concentration of nitrogen oxides -
Photometric method using naphtyletylendiamin;
- TCVN 7242: 2003 – medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of carbon
monoxide (CO) in emission;
- TCVN 7243: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of
hydrofluoric acid (HF) in emission;
- TCVN 7244: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of
hydrochloric acid (HCl) in emission;
- TCVN 7245: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of nitrogen
oxides (NOx) in emission;
- TCVN 7556-1: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDD/PCDF -
Part 1: Sampling;
- TCVN 7556-2: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDD/ PCDF -
Part 2: Extraction and cleaning;
- TCVN 7556-3: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDDs/ PCDF -
Part 3: Qualitative and quantitative;
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- TCVN 7557-2: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in emission - Part 2:
the mercury concentration determination method by atomic absorption
spectrometry of cold air;
- TCVN 7557-3: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in emission - Part 3:
concentration determination method of cadmium and lead by fire and non-fire
atomic absorption spectrometry.
4.2. If there are not national
standards to determine the concentration of the pollution parameters defined in
this Regulations, then shall apply to international standards with equivalent
or higher accuracy.
4.3. Allowed to apply
international standards with equivalent or higher accuracy as a substitute for
national standards specified in Section 4.1 of this Regulations.
5.
Organization of implementation
5.1. Once registered and
licensed HW management practice, cement establishments of HW co-processing
(other than cement production line not applying the HW co-processing in these
establishments or other ancillary parts) must comply with the provisions of
this Regulations; not to comply with the provisions in QCVN 23: 2009/BTNMT -
National Technical Regulations on industrial emissions of cement production and
Clause 2 of Article 11 of Circular No.12/2011/TT- BTNMT
(defined on the number of means of transportation).
Cement establishments of HW
co-processing that are operating under HW management permits before the
effective date of this Regulations shall comply with content specified in the
reports on environmental impact assessment approved, the permits that were
granted and required to upgrade, make technical adjustments to meet the
provisions of this Regulations before January 01, 2014.
5.2. Organizations and
individuals research, select the appropriate types of HWs under the guidance in
Appendix 1 of this Regulations for the registration of co-processing in cement
kilns and make documentation of registration, submit to the licensing agencies
for consideration and licensing HW management practice in accordance with
provisions.
5.3. The establishments, cement
production lines meeting the technical requirements of this Regulations shall
be permitted to co-process conventional waste.
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5.5. State management agencies on
environment are responsible for guiding, inspecting and supervising the
implementation of this Regulations.
APPENDIX
1:
SELECTION OF HW FOR
CO-PROCESSING IN CEMENT KILNS
(Together with QCVN 41: 2011/BTNMT -
National Technical Regulations on the co-processing of HW in cement kilns)
1.1. HW capable of
co-processing in cement kilns
1.1.1. Hazardous waste used as
alternative fuels; including types of HWs with high calorific value as follows:
- Liquid hazardous wastes such
as waste oil; waste emulsion; waste organic solvents and paints, waste
varnishes ...
- Hazardous waste in solid form
such as wax, waste grease; the solid waste containing oil; bituminous mixtures,
waste coal tar and tar; cloths; the waste materials (wood, sawdust, paper and
cardboard, rubber, plastics, leather, fabric ...) containing hazardous
components; adhesives and waste sealants; waste activated carbon; residues of
distillation column ...
1.1.2. Hazardous waste used as
alternative fuel include the types of hazardous waste containing components
suitable for cement production, such as sewage sludge; ash, slag, soot, dust of
furnace, ore, clay, stone, sand, waste gypsum containing hazardous
constituents; abrasive materials…
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1.1.4. HW with combination nature
from the types referred to in points 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 of this Appendix,
including HW at the same time having the proper components for used as raw
materials and fuel; or hazardous waste at the same time having the proper
components for used as raw materials or fuel and components only for
destruction.
1.2. HW not being
co-processed in cement kilns
Except for special cases to be
considered specifically by the licensing agencies, the HWs not being
co-processed in cement kilns include: infectious hazardous waste or HW
containing waste mercury from medical and veterinary sectors; waste containing
asbestos; electrical equipment (including battery, accumulator), waste electron
not yet been classified, dismantled; explosive wastes; radioactive waste, and other
wastes of unknown composition or not yet been unconfirmed, classified
(including common waste).
APPENDIX
2:
REQUIREMENTS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE BEFORE LOADING
INTO CO-PROCESSING IN CEMENT KILNS
(Together with QCVN 41: 2011/BTNMT - National Technical Regulations on the
co-processing of HW in cement kilns)
Except for being operated
separate trial and licensing agency considers and grants permission for each
specific case, before being loaded into the HW co-processing in cement kilns,
HW must meet or be pre-treated to meet requirements on the composition and
properties as follows:
Parameters
Unit
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pH
-
4-12
Cl
%
≤ 3
S
%
≤ 3
...
...
...
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%
≤ 1
PCB
ppm
≤ 500
As
ppm
≤ 100
Cr
...
...
...
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≤ 1,000
Cu
ppm
≤ 1,000
Hg
ppm
≤ 30
Pb
ppm
...
...
...
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Sb
ppm
≤ 1,000
TI
ppm
≤ 50
Zn
ppm
≤ 15,000
...
...
...
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ANNEX 3:
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
(Together with QCVN 41: 2011/BTNMT -
National Technical Regulations on the co-processing of HW in cement kilns)
1. The Law on Environmental Protection, 2005.
2. Law on Standards and Technical Regulations,
2006.
3. Circular No.12/2011/TT-BTNMT dated April 14,
2011 of the Minister of Natural Resources and Environment regulating on
hazardous waste management.
4. QCVN 07: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical
Regulations on hazardous waste threshold.
5. QCVN 19: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical
Regulations on industrial emissions for dust and inorganic substances.
6. QCVN 23: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical
Regulations on industrial emissions of cement production.
7. QCVN 30: 2010/BTNMT - National Technical
Regulations on emissions of industrial waste incinerators.
...
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9. TCVN 6750: 2000 - Emissions
of static sources - Determination of mass concentration of sulfur dioxide - gas
ion chromatographic method.
10. TCVN 7172: 2002 - Emissions
of static sources - Determination of mass concentration of nitrogen oxides - Photometric
method using naphtyletylendiamin.
11. TCVN 7242: 2003 – Medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of carbon
monoxide (CO) in emission.
12. TCVN 7243: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of
hydrofluoric acid (HF) in emission.
13. TCVN 7244: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of
hydrochloric acid (HCl) in emission.
14. TCVN 7245: 2003 - medical
solid waste incinerators - the concentration determination method of nitrogen
oxides (NOx) in emission.
15. TCVN 7556-1: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDD/PCDF -
Part 1: Sampling.
16. TCVN 7556-2: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDD/ PCDF -
Part 2: Extraction and cleaning.
17. TCVN 7556-3: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determining the mass concentration of PCDDs/ PCDF -
Part 3: Qualitative and quantitative.
...
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19. TCVN 7557-2: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in emission - Part 2:
the mercury concentration determination method by atomic absorption
spectrometry of cold air.
20. TCVN 7557-3: 2005 - medical
solid waste incinerators - Determination of heavy metals in emission - Part 3:
concentration determination method of cadmium and lead by fire and non-fire
atomic absorption spectrometry.
21. Department of Environmental
Protection, 2007. Technical Guideline for the co-processing of hazardous wastes
in cement kilns.
22. Holcim - GTZ, 2006.
Guidelines on Co-processing Waste Materials in Cement Production.
23. Basel Convention, 2011.
(Draft) Technical Guidelines on Environmentally Sound Co-processing of
Hazardous Waste in Cement Kilns.