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THE PRIME MINISTER
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THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence– Freedom – Happiness
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No. 170/QD-TTg
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Hanoi, February 08, 2012
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DECISION
APPROVING THE MASTER PLAN ON HAZARDOUS SOLID MEDICAL
WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEMS THROUGH 2025
THE PRIME MINISTER
Pursuant to the December 25, 2001 Law on Organization of the Government;
Pursuant to the November 29. 2005 Law on Environmental Protection;
Pursuant to the November 26, 2003 Law on Construction;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 59/2007/ND-CP of April 9, 2007.
on the management of solid wastes:
Pursuant to the Prime Minister's Decision No. 2038/QD-TTg of November
15, 2011, approving the master plan on medical waste. treatment for the
2011-2015 period, with orientations toward 2020;
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DECIDES:
Article 1. To approve the
master plan on hazardous solid medical waste treatment systems through 2025
with the following principal contents:
1.
Scope of the master plan
The
master plan on hazardous solid medical waste treatment systems shall be
implemented nationwide.
2.
Subjects of the master plan
Hazardous
solid medical wastes (excluding radioactive wastes and wastes from
pharmaceutical plants).
3.
Viewpoints of the master plan
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To conform with the national strategy for solid waste management through 2025,
with a vision toward 2050, the socio-economic development master plan, the
master plan for development of Vietnam's health system through 2010, with a
vision toward 2020, and the master plan on the healthcare network through 2010,
with a vision toward 2020;
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To associate with approved master plans on inter-provincial and provincial
solid waste treatment centers;
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To apply advanced and environment-friendly treatment technologies suitable to
specific conditions of localities.
4.
Objectives of the master plan
a/
General objectives:
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The master plan on hazardous solid medical waste treatment systems aims to
raise the effectiveness of hazardous solid medical waste management, improve
the environmental quality, protect community health and contribute to the
sustainable development of the country;
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Hazardous solid medical waste treatment facilities must be associated with
inter-provincial or provincial solid waste treatment centers or medical
establishments to collect and thoroughly treat hazardous solid medical wastes
by advanced and appropriate technologies.
b/
Specific objectives:
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The period to 2015: 100% hazardous solid medical wastes from medical
establishments will be collected, sorted and transported to treatment
facilities, of which 70% will be treated up to environmental standards;
-
The period to 2025: 100% hazardous solid medical wastes from medical
establishments will be collected, transported and treated up to environmental
standards.
5.
Contents of the master plan
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Based
on the master plan for development of Vietnam's health system through 2010,
with a vision to 2020, and the master plan on the healthcare network through
2010, with a vision toward 2020, annual statistics and Vietnamese and foreign
researches, the volume of hazardous solid medical wastes to be generated
nationwide is forecasted as follows: thoroughly eliminate germs capable of
causing pollution and minimize the volume of wastes to be buried after
treatment.
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Criteria for the selection of treatment technologies in order to thoroughly
treat hazardous solid medical wastes in a way suitable to socio-economic
conditions of localities.
No.
Region
Volume (kg/day)
Whole
country
2015
2025
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50,071
91,991
1
Red
River delta
14,990
28,658
2
Northern
midland and mountainous region
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7.648
3
Central
Vietnam
9,290
15.989
4
Central
Highlands
1,862
3,287
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Eastern
South Vietnam
12,839
27,632
6
Mekong
River delta
6,600
8,777
b/
Hazardous solid medical waste treatment technologies
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Hazardous solid medical waste treatment technologies include incineration
technology and non-incineration technology.
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+
For non-incineration technology, expenses for construction investment and
operation are low. However, this technology can not
Treatment
technologies (incineration or non-incineration) may be selected according to
the following criteria:
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Composition and characteristics of hazardous solid medical wastes;
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Possibility to separate and isolate hazardous solid medical wastes at source;
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Volume of hazardous solid medical wastes to be treated;
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Locations of hazardous solid medical waste treatment facilities;
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Financial and management capacity of localities.
c/
Hazardous solid medical waste treatment models
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Based on hazardous solid medical waste management, 3 models of hazardous solid
medical waste treatment are suggested as follows:
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Hospital cluster-based treatment model: Hazardous solid medical wastes from
hospitals located in places within reasonable distances will be treated in a
hazardous solid medical waste treatment facility based at a hospital located in
the center of the hospital cluster;
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Model of treatment at medical establishments: Hazardous solid medical wastes
will be treated right at medical establishments by appropriate technologies up
to environmental standards.
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Criteria for the selection of models of hazardous solid medical waste
treatment: In order to select appropriate models for localities, six criteria
are suggested as follows:
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Level of concentrated generation of hazardous solid medical wastes.
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Volume of generated hazardous solid medical waste.
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The actual state of the hazardous solid medical waste treatment facility.
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Level of convenience in collection and transportation.
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Orientations of the solid waste treatment planning.
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Financial capacity.
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The Red River delta (covering the northern key economic region):
The
Red River delta covers 11 provinces and centrally run cities: Hanoi, Vinh Phuc,
Bac Ninh. Quang Ninh, Hai Duong, Hai Phong, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh and
Ninh Binh.
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The period to 2015: Nine provinces and centrally run cities will apply the
centralized treatment model. Ha Nam and Bac Ninh provinces will apply the
hospital cluster-based treatment model;
+
The period to 2025: 11 provinces and centrally run cities will apply the
centralized treatment model.
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The northern midland and mountainous region:
The
northern midland and mountainous region covers 14 provinces: Ha Giang, Cao
Bang, Bac Kan, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Thai Nguyen, Lang Son, Bac Giang,
Phu Tho, Dien Bien, Lai Chau, Son La and Hoa Binh.
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The period to 2015: 13 provinces will apply the hospital cluster-based treatment
model. Lai Chau province will apply the on-site treatment model;
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The period to 2025: 14 provinces will apply the centralized treatment model.
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Central Vietnam (covering the central key economic region, northern Central
Vietnam and southern central coast):
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The period to 2015: Five provinces and 1 centrally run city (Thanh Hoa, Nghe
An, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Binh Dinh and Khanh Hoa) will apply the
centralized treatment model: and 8 remaining provinces will apply the hospital
cluster-based treatment model;
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The period to 2025: 13 provinces and 1 centrally run city will apply the
centralized treatment model.
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The Central Highlands:
The
Central Highlands covers 5 provinces: Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Lam Dong, Kon Turn and
Dak Nong.
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The period to 2015: The on-site treatment model will be applied;
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The period to 2025: Gia Lai, Dak Lak and Lam Dong provinces will apply the
centralized treatment model; and Kon Turn and Dak Nong provinces will apply the
hospital cluster-based treatment model.
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The eastern South Vietnam (covering the southern key economic region)
The
eastern South Vietnam covers 5 provinces and 1 centrally run city: Binh Phuoc,
Tay Ninh, Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Ba Ria-Vung Tau and Ho Chi Minh City.
+
The period to 2015: Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Ba Ria-Vung Tau provinces and Ho Chi Minh
City will apply the centralized treatment model; and Binh Phuoc and Tay Ninh
provinces will apply the hospital cluster-based treatment model;
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The Mekong River delta:
The
Mekong River delta covers 12 provinces and 1 centrally run city: Long An, Tien
Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, An Giang, Kien Giang, Can Tho,
Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and Ca Mau.
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The period to 2015: Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, An
(Jiang, Kien Giang, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and Ca Mau provinces will
apply the hospital cluster-based treatment model; and Long An province and Can
Tho city will apply the centralized treatment model:
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The period to 2025: 12 provinces and 1 centrally run city will apply the
centralized treatment model.
6.
Investment phasing
a/
Phase 1 (from 2011 to 2015):
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To implement projects on collecting, separating, minimizing and storing
hazardous solid medical wastes in healthcare establishments under the Ministry
of Health's regulations on hazardous solid medical waste management;
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To implement projects on renovating and upgrading existing solid medical waste
incinerators;
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To implemenl projects on renovating existing incinerators based at provincial
and district health establishments to meet environmental standards;
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b/
Phase 2 (from 2016 to 2020):
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To implement projects on building hazardous solid medical waste treatment
facilities in provincial solid waste treatment centers in phase 2 in Bac Ninh
and Ha Nam, Thai Nguyen, Bac Giang, Phu Tho, Son La, Ha Tinh, Quang Nam, Quang
Ngai, Phu Yen, Binh Thuan, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Lam Dong, Tien Giang, Dong Thap,
An Giang, Kien Giang, Ca Mau provinces and Can Tho city, etc.;
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To increase the capacity of hazardous solid medical waste treatment works built
in phase 1 up to the designed capacity;
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To install hazardous solid medical waste treatment works in areas expected to
apply the hospital cluster-based treatment model with non-polluting treatment
technologies;
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To install hazardous solid medical waste treatment works in medical
establishments applying the on-site treatment model with modern, easily
operated and environment-friendly technologies;
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To implement projects on training human resources for hazardous solid medical
waste management and treatment for medical establishments and units managing
and treating hazardous solid medical wastes in localities in phase 1.
c/
Phase 3 (from 2021 to 2025):
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To implement projects on training human resources for hazardous solid medical
waste management and treatment for medical establishments and units managing
and treating hazardous solid medical wastes in localities in phase 2.
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To implement or complete construction investment projects and install hazardous
solid medical waste treatment works in inter-provincial or provincial solid
medical waste treatment centers;
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To install hazardous solid medical waste treatment works in medical
establishments applying the on-site treatment model with modern, easily
operated and environment-friendly technologies.
7.
Investment capital sources
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State budget;
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ODA capital and foreign aid;
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Long-term loans;
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Capital of domestic and foreign investors;
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Other lawful capital sources.
8.
Strategic environmental assessment
a/
Possible adverse impacts:
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The toxicity of chemicals may cause poisoning through skin, mucous membranes,
inhale or eating or cause injuries. When these chemicals are poorly managed and
treated, they may cause indirect adverse impacts through underground water
contamination;
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Genetic toxicity: Toxic substances may cause genetic mutation, DNA damage,
birth defects or cancer;
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When temperature is not high enough under as required, exhaust gas can be
emitted in the course of burning;
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Sharp objects: In addition to their physical danger, sharp objects, cultured
samples full of germs and contaminated solid matters are hazardous wastes capable
of adversely affect human health.
b/
Solutions to minimizing environmental impacts:
To
minimize environmental pollution and prevent environmental incidents, the
following solutions shall be implemented:
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General solutions:
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Hazardous solid medical waste treatment facilities must ensure safe distance
under technical regulations;
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Works shall be arranged in treatment facilities to meet technical and scenery
requirements, and assure quick response to incidents;
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Technical solutions:
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To popularize regulations on labor safety, prevention and control of fire and
explosion, and machinery and equipment operating processes; and provide
adequate labor protection devices for workers;
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To install noise-preventing devices for highly noisy machinery;
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Collection and transportation must comply with regulations on hazardous solid
medical waste management;
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To regularly control the local ecosystem so as to assess environmental impacts;
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To take measures for preventing environmental incidents;
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To take other support measures.
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Environmental management and supervision programs:
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Air environment quality observation program;
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Soil environment quality observation program.
Article 2. Organization of
implementation
1.
The Ministry of Construction shall assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with the Ministry of Health in, examining the implementation of
projects on building hazardous solid medical waste treatment facilities under
the master plan on hazardous solid medical waste treatment systems through 2025
approved by the Prime Minister.
2.
The Ministry of Health shall assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with related ministries, sectors and provincial-level People's
Committees in, organizing the implementation of the master plan; examining and
supervising medical establishments in observing regulations on medical solid
waste management nationwide under the approved master plan;
3.
The Ministry of Finance shall assume the prime responsibility for, and
coordinate with the Ministry of Planning and Investment in, balancing state
budget investment capital; studying and formulating financial mechanisms and
policies to encourage and attract domestic and foreign investment capital for
development of hazardous solid medical waste treatment systems.
4.
The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall:
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Oversee, examine and assess the compliance with regulations on environmental
standards in hazardous solid medical treatment facilities;
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Guide the environmental impact assessment of investment projects on building hazardous
solid medical waste treatment facilities.
5.
The Ministry of .Science and Technology shall:
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Encourage and support domestic production establishments in studying and making
environment-friendly technologies of hazardous solid medical waste treatment.
6.
Provincial-level People's Committees shall:
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Work out plans on implementation of the master plan on hazardous medical solid
waste treatment;
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Organize the elaboration, approval and implementation of projects on building
hazardous medical solid waste treatment facilities in their localities;
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Promulgate mechanisms and policies to encourage domestic and foreign
organizations and individuals to invest in building hazardous medical solid
waste treatment facilities in their localities;
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Periodically report on the implementation of the master plan to the Ministry of
Construction and the Ministry of Health for summarization.
Article 3. This Decision
takes effect on the date of its signing.
Article 4. Implementation
responsibility
The
Minister of Construction, related ministries, chairpersons of provincial-level
People's Committees and heads of related agencies shall implement this
Decision.-
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FOR THE PRIME MINISTER
DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER
Hoang Trung Hai