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CONSOLIDATED DOCUMENT
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THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom – Happiness
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No. 75/2026/VBHN-TT-BXD
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Hanoi, September 15, 2026
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CIRCULAR
ON CLASSIFICATION OF ROAD VEHICLES AND SIGNS FOR RECOGNITION
OF MOTOR VEHICLE USING CLEAN FUEL, GREEN AND ECO-FRIENDLY FUEL
Circular No.
53/2024/TT-BGTVT dated November 15, 2024 of the Ministry of Transport on
classification of road vehicles and signs for recognition of motor vehicles
using clean, green fuel and eco-friendly motorized vehicles is amended by:
Circular No.
45/2026/TT-BXD dated June 30, 2026 of the Minister of Construction on
amendments to specific Circulars in the field of registration and inspection of
road vehicles (effective from July 01, 2026.
Pursuant to the Laws on
road traffic Order and Safety No. 36/2024/QH15; Law on amendments to some
articles of 10 laws related to security and order No. 118/2025/QH15;
Pursuant to Decree No.
33/2025/ND-CP of the Government on functions, tasks, powers and organizational
structure of the Ministry of Construction of Vietnam;
At the request of the
head of Department of Science, Technology, Environment and Construction
Materials and Director General of Vietnam Register;
The Minister of
Transport promulgates the Circular on classification of road vehicles and signs
for recognition of motor vehicle using clean fuel, green and eco-friendly fuel.
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GENERAL REGULATIONS
Article 1. Scope
This Circular regulates
the classification of road vehicles.
Article 2. Regulated
entities
This Circular applies to
organizations and individuals related to classification of road vehicles.
Article 3. Definitions
For the purposes of this
Circular, the terms below shall be construed as follows:
1. A vehicle is a motor
vehicle or a heavy-duty vehicle.
2. Electric powertrain
means a system comprising one or more electric motors that propel the vehicle;
it may comprise a rechargeable electric energy storage system that supplies
electric energy to the vehicle’s electric propulsion system, an electric energy
conversion system, power electronic converters, related wiring and connectors,
and a coupling system for charging the electric energy storage system.
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4. Electrified vehicle
means any vehicle using electricity or green energy or any environmentally
friendly vehicle classified in Chapter IV of this Circular.
Chapter II
CLASSIFICATION OF ROAD
VEHICLES BASED ON PURPOSES OF USE
Article 4. Motor vehicles
Motor vehicles prescribed
in clause 1, Article 34 of the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety include:
1. Motor vehicles are
classified as follows:
a) Passenger motor
vehicles are vehicles with components and equipment designed for transporting
passengers and baggages. Passenger motor vehicles may tow a trailer. Passenger
motor vehicles include:
Passenger motor vehicles
of a seating capacity of up to 8 people (excluding the driver’s seat) include
vehicles in Appendix I attached to this Circular;
Passenger motor vehicles
of at least 8 seats (excluding the driver's seats) include vehicles in Appendix
II attached to this Circular;
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b) Goods transport
vehicles are vehicles with structure and equipment designed for transporting
goods. Goods transport vehicles are permitted to be installed with two rows of
seats and carry no more than six people including the driver in the cabin.
Goods transport vehicles may tow a trailer. Goods transport vehicles include:
Common trucks as
prescribed in Appendix IV attached to this Circular;
Specialized trucks
including goods transport vehicles which have structures and equipment designed
for transporting goods with special arrangements as prescribed in Appendix V
attached to this Circular;
c) Specialized motor
vehicles are vehicles with structures and equipment designed for performing a
special purpose different from regulations in points a and b of this clause.
Specialized motor vehicles include vehicles prescribed in Appendix VI attached
to this Circular;
d) Tractors are vehicles
designed to tow a semi-trailer, and equipped with features and equipment such
as: the fifth-wheel coupling, a connection and control system for the trailer's
lighting and braking systems. Tractors can also be equipped with a crane, power
generator, tow coupling, or hook coupling for towing the trailer;
dd) Motor vehicles towing
trailers are vehicles designed specifically or primarily for towing a trailer,
and equipped with features and equipment such as: a tow coupling or hook
coupling, a cargo bed or platform for transporting goods, and a connection and
control system for the trailer's lighting and braking systems.
Motor vehicles towing
trailers do not include goods transport vehicles and towing units equipped with
a tow coupling.
2. Trailers are classified
in accordance with Appendix VII attached to this Circular.
3. Semi-trailers are
classified in accordance with Appendix VIII attached to this Circular.
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a) Four-wheeled motorized
passenger vehicles for public traffic are vehicles designed to operate in
public roads;
b) Four-wheeled motorized
passenger vehicles operating on dedicated roads, internal roads are vehicles
designed exclusively for operation on dedicated roads, internal roads.
5. Four-wheeled motorized
goods transport vehicles.
6. Motorcycles are
classified as follows:
a) Motorcycles;
b) Three-wheeled
motorbikes transporting people;
b) Three-wheeled
motorbikes transporting goods;
d) Three-wheeled
motorbikes for people with disabilities.
7. Mopeds are classified
as follows:
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b) Three-wheeled mopeds;
c) Three-wheeled mopeds
transporting goods;
d) Three-wheeled mopeds
for people with disabilities.
Article 5. Heavy-duty
vehicle
Heavy-duty vehicles are
classified as follows:
1. Construction vehicles
in accordance with Appendix IX attached to this Circular;
2. Agriculture and
forestry vehicles are heavy-duty vehicles designed solely for use in
agriculture and forestry.
3. Tractors shall be
classified in accordance with Appendix XII attached to this Circular;
4. Trailers, semi-trailers
towed by tractors, which are designed and manufactured to be only towed by
tractors;
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6. Specialized vehicles
used for national defense and security, and engaging in road traffic.
Article 6.
Non-motorized vehicle
Non-motorized vehicles are
vehicles prescribed in clause 2, Article 34 of the Law on Road Traffic Order
and Safety.
Chapter III
CLASSIFICATION OF MOTOR
VEHICLES AND HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES BY LEVEL OF DRIVING AUTOMATION
Article 7. Conventional
vehicles
A conventional vehicle is
a road vehicle directly operated by a driver, including where the driver is
assisted by active safety systems installed on the vehicle or by a system that
partially automates the vehicle’s driving operations (the vehicle’s level of
driving automation is classified as Level 0, 1, 2, or 3 as prescribed in
Appendix XIII attached to this Circular).
Article 8. Smart
vehicles
A smart vehicle is a road
vehicle for which all driving and operational functions are performed without
the direct control of a driver on that vehicle (the vehicle’s level of driving
automation is classified as Level 4 or 5 as prescribed in Appendix XIII
attached to this Circular).
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CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRIFIED
VEHICLES
Article 9.
Classification of electrified vehicles
An electrified vehicle is
any of the following types of vehicle:
1. A mild hybrid
electric vehicle (MHEV) is a vehicle propelled by a hybrid electric powertrain,
in which the electric motor assists the internal combustion engine in starting and
acceleration, performs regenerative braking, and supplies energy to auxiliary
systems. The vehicle cannot be charged from an external electric power source.
2. A full hybrid electric
vehicle (FHEV) or strong hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) is a vehicle propelled
by a hybrid electric powertrain and capable of travelling solely on electric
power under certain conditions, such as when starting from a standstill,
travelling at low speed, or travelling within a specified range. The vehicle
cannot be charged from an external electric power source.
3. A plug-in hybrid
electric vehicle (PHEV) is a hybrid electric vehicle capable of being charged
from an external electric power source;
4. A fuel cell electric
vehicle (FCEV) is a vehicle equipped with an electric motor powered by a
hydrogen fuel cell and propelled by an electric powertrain, in which the
hydrogen fuel cell system and battery buffer are the only energy sources
supplying the vehicle’s propulsion system.
5. A plug-in fuel cell
electric vehicle (PFCEV) is an FCEV capable of being charged from an external
electric power source.
6. A battery electric
vehicle (BEV) or pure electric vehicle (PEV) is a vehicle equipped with a
battery-powered electric motor, propelled by an electric powertrain, and not
equipped with any fuel energy conversion system that generates propulsion power;
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a) It has an all-electric
range (AER) of at least 250 km under the NEDC test cycle;
b) The engine driving the
generator cannot be manually activated by the driver while the battery’s state
of charge (SOC) is above the threshold permitting all-electric operation,
except in special modes prescribed by the manufacturer for maintenance, safety,
or inspection purposes.
8. An electric-priority
range-extended electric vehicle (REEVep) or electric-priority extended-range
electric vehicle (EREVep) is a vehicle in which the electric motor is the sole
source of propulsion power transmitted to the wheels; the fuel-powered engine
serves only to drive a generator that supplies electric energy to the vehicle’s
electric propulsion system or charges its electric energy storage device and
does not transmit torque directly to the wheels; the vehicle is capable of
being charged from an external electric power source; and the vehicle has the
following characteristics:
a) It has an AER of
between 150 km and less than 250 km under the NEDC test cycle;
b) The engine driving the
generator cannot be manually activated by the driver while the battery’s state
of charge (SOC) is above the threshold permitting all-electric operation,
except in special modes prescribed by the manufacturer for maintenance, safety,
or inspection purposes.
Article 10. (annulled)
Chapter V
IMPLEMENTATION CLAUSE
Article 11. Effect
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2. In cases where the
standards prescribed in this Circular are amended, supplemented, or replaced,
the newer standards shall take effect.
Article 12. Transitional
provision
Road vehicles that have
been classified and identified in the Notice for exemption from the technical
safety and environmental protection quality inspection or in the Certificate of
technical safety and environmental protection quality for imported motor
vehicles; the Certificate of technical safety and environmental protection
quality for manufactured or assembled motor vehicles; the Certificate of
technical safety and environmental protection for modified motor vehicles
issued before the effective date of this Circular shall remain valid and be
used for import, manufacturing, assembly, modification, vehicle registration
and inspection./.
MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION OF VIETNAM
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CERTIFIED BY
PP. MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER
Le Anh Tuan
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