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THE STANDING COMMITTEE
OF NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF
VIET NAM
Independence - Freedom – Happiness
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No. 07/1998/PL-UBTVQH10
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Hanoi, August 20, 1998
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ORDINANCE
ON THE CONCLUSION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTER-NATIONAL
AGREEMENTS
(No.
07/1998/PL-UBTVQH10 of August 20, 1998)
To enhance the friendship and cooperative
relations between the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and other countries and
nations in the world, contributing to peace and international cooperation and
fulfilling the task of national construction and defense;
To ensure the strict implementation of international commitments and enhance
the State management over the international agreements to which the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam is a signatory;
Pursuant to the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
Pursuant to the Resolution of the Xth National Assembly, second session, on the
1998 legislative program;
This Ordinance provides for the conclusion and implementation of international
agreements by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1.- Scope of
application
1. This Ordinance shall apply to the
negotiation, signing, ratification, approval, accession to, promulgation,
depositary, implementation, amendment, supplement, suspension and termination
of international agreements to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a
signatory.
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a/ The State;
b/ The Government;
c/ The Supreme People's Court, the Supreme
People's Procuracy;
d/ The ministries, ministerial-level agencies
and agencies attached to the Government (hereafter collectively referred to as
ministries and branches).
Article 2.-
Interpretation of terms
In this Ordinance, the terms below shall be
construed as follows:
1. "International agreements to which the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a signatory", hereafter referred to as
international agreements, are written arrangements concluded between the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam and one or many nations, international
organizations or other subjects of international law, irrespective of their
names such as treaties, conventions, acts, agreements, protocols or diplomatic
notes for exchange, and the signatories' names as stipulated in Clause 2,
Article 1 of this Ordinance.
2. "Proxy" means a document issued by
a competent State agency nominating a person to represent the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam in undertaking one or a number of legal acts related to the
conclusion of an international agreement.
3. "Conclusion" means that the
competent State agency(ies) undertakes legal acts, including the negotiation,
signing, ratification, approval or accession, till an international agreement
takes effect.
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5. "Approval" means a legal act
undertaken by the Government, acknowledging the effect of a concluded
international agreement to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
6. "Accession" means a legal act
undertaken by the National Assembly, the State President or the Government,
acknowledging the effect of a multilateral international agreement to the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
7. "Reservation" means a unilateral
statement made by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam when signing, ratifying,
approving or accessing to a multilateral international agreement, aimed at
excluding or changing legal consequences of one or a number of provisions of
such international agreement when it is applied to Vietnam.
8. "Suspension" means a statement of
the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on the temporary suspension of the
implementation of the whole or part of an international agreement it has
concluded.
9. "Termination" means a statement of
the Socialist Republic of Vietnam renouncing the effect of an international
agreement it has concluded.
Article 3.- Principles
for the conclusion of international agreements
1. International agreements shall be concluded
on the basis of respect for each other's national independence, sovereignty,
territorial integrity, non-interference in each other's internal affairs,
equity and mutual benefits, in conformity with fundamental principles of
international law and provisions of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic
of Vietnam.
2. International agreements shall be concluded
in the uniformity of the competent levels prescribed in Clauses 2, 3 and 4,
Article 4 of this Ordinance. International agreements concluded at lower levels
must not contravene international agreements concluded at higher levels.
Article 4.-
Classification of international agreements
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2. International agreements concluded in the
name of the State are those on:
a/ Peace, security, border, territory and
national sovereignty;
b/ The basic rights and obligations of citizens,
and juridical assistance;
c/ The universal international organizations and
important regional organizations;
d/ Other contents to be agreed upon by the
signatories.
3. International agreements concluded in the
name of the Government are those on:
a/ The implementation of an international
agreement which has been concluded in the name of the State;
b/ The fields which are not prescribed in Clause
2 of this Article;
c/ Other international and regional
organizations;
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4. International agreements concluded by the
Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuracy are those on the
international cooperation that come under their respective jurisdiction.
5. International agreements concluded in the
name of the ministries and/or branches are those on:
a/ The implementation of an international
agreement which has been concluded in the name of the State or the Government;
b/ The fields that come under the State
management competence of the ministries and/or branches, except for cases where
such fields are stipulated in Clauses 2 and 3 of this Article.
Chapter II
CONCLUSION OF
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
Article 5.- Proposing
the negotiation and signing of international agreements
1. The negotiation and signing of an
international agreement shall be prepared and submitted to the Government by
the ministry and/or branch in charge of State management of the field
concerned, after consulting and getting written opinions from the Ministry for
Foreign Affairs and the relevant ministries and/or branches.
2. The negotiation and signing of international
agreements on peace, security, border, national territory and other
international agreements with important contents shall be prepared and
submitted to the Government by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs or the
ministries and/or branches in charge.
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4. A document proposing the negotiation and
signing of an international agreement must include the following contents:
a/ The requirements and aims of the signing of
the international agreement and the basic contents of such international
agreement regarding Vietnam's rights and obligations;
b/ The evaluation of political, economic,
social, financial and other impacts;
c/ The evaluation of the observance of the
provisions in Article 3 of this Ordinance and other provisions of law;
d/ The opinions of the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs and the relevant ministries and/or branches;
e/ The title of the international agreement and
the name in which it is signed, the representative(s), language(s), effect,
including temporary effect and effective time-limit of such international
agreement;
f/ Issues which require comments.
The document proposing the negotiation and signing
of an international agreement must be attached with the draft of such
international agreement.
Article 6.- Competence
to decide the negotiation and signing of international agreements
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2. The Government shall decide the negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of the Government.
3. The National Assembly Standing Committee
shall, after consulting the Government, decide the negotiation and signing of
international agreements by the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's
Procuracy.
4. The heads of the ministries and/or branches
shall, after getting permission from the Prime Minister, decide the negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of their respective
ministries and/or branches.
5. Within 30 days after receiving proposals for
the negotiation and signing of international agreements, the competent agencies
defined in Clauses 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this Article shall decide whether to allow
the negotiation and signing of such international agreements or not.
6. A decision on the negotiation and signing of
an international agreement shall include the following contents:
a/ The title of the international agreement and
the name in which it is signed;
b/ The representative(s) and his/her competence
in the negotiation and signing;
c/ The language(s) and effect, including the
temporary effect, of the international agreement;
d/ The opinions on the international agreement's
contents and other necessary issues.
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1. The State President, the Prime Minister and
the Minister for Foreign Affairs shall not need proxy for the negotiation and
signing of international agreements.
2. The President of the Supreme People's Court,
the Chairman of the Supreme People's Procuracy and the heads of the ministries
and branches shall not need proxy for the negotiation and signing of
international agreements in the name of their respective ministries and/or
branches.
3. The heads of the diplomatic missions or
permanent representative missions of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to
international organizations shall not need proxy for negotiation with the
concerned countries or international organizations on the contents of
international agreements but must obtain a proxy when signing such
international agreements as prescribed in Article 8 of this Ordinance.
Article 8.-
Authorization for the negotiation and signing of international agreements
1. The heads of the delegations for negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of the State must be
authorized by the State President.
2. The heads of the delegations for negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of the Government must be
authorized by the Government.
3. The heads of the delegations for negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of the Supreme People's
Court or the Supreme People's Procuracy must be authorized by the President of
the Supreme People's Court or the Chairman of the Supreme People's Procuracy.
4. The heads of the delegations for negotiation
and signing of international agreements in the name of the ministries and/or
branches must be authorized by the heads of the respective ministries and/or
branches.
5. After obtaining the decision allowing the
negotiation and signing of an international agreement and a written proposal
from the agency which has proposed the conclusion of such international
agreement, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall prepare a proxy of the State
President or the Prime Minister; complete procedures to verify the Government's
authorization; or guide the issue of a proxy by the President of the Supreme People's
Court, the Chairman of the Supreme People's Procuracy as well as the heads of
the ministries and/or branches.
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1. Within 15 days after an international
agreement is signed, the agency that has proposed the conclusion of such
international agreement shall have to report to the Government on the
international agreement's contents and propose the ratification or approval
thereof in accordance with the provisions of the international agreement and
the laws of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
2. A document proposing the ratification or
approval of an international agreement must include the following contents:
a/ The evaluation of the international
agreement's multi-sided impacts on Vietnam;
b/ The necessary proposals on the ratification
or approval;
c/ The opinions of the concerned ministries
and/or branches in case of necessity;
d/ The contents of reservations (if any).
The document proposing the ratification or approval
of an international agreement must be attached with the written text of the
signed international agreement.
Article 10.-
Ratification of international agreements
1. International agreements that require
ratification are those which:
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b/ Contain provisions contrary to or not yet
provided for in the legal documents of the National Assembly, the National
Assembly Standing Committee and the State President;
c/ Are related to the State budget upon the
Government's proposal for ratification;
d/ Contain provision(s) on ratification.
2. The State President shall decide the
ratification of international agreements, except in cases where they need to be
submitted to the National Assembly for decision.
3. The agency that has proposed the conclusion
of an international agreement shall coordinate with the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs in proposing the Government to submit such international agreement to
the State President for ratification. Within 30 days after receiving a written
proposal on the ratification of an international agreement, the State President
shall give his/her written opinion thereon.
4. Within 15 days after a decision ratifying an
international agreement is issued, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall
proceed with diplomatic procedures for the ratification of the international
agreement and notify the relevant agencies of the agreement's effect.
Article 11.- Approval
of international agreements
1. International agreements which are signed in
the name of the Government, the ministries and/or branches and require the
approval are those which:
a/ Contain provisions on the approval;
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2. The approval of international agreements
shall come under the competence of the Government.
3. The approval of an international agreement
shall be proposed to the Government for decision jointly by the agency that has
proposed the conclusion of such agreement and the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.
Within 30 days after receiving the approval proposal, the Government shall give
its written opinions on the approval of the international agreement.
4. Within 15 days after a decision approving an
international agreement is issued, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall
proceed with the diplomatic procedures for the approval of international
agreements and notify the relevant agencies of the agreement's effect.
Article 12.- Accession
to multilateral international agreements
1. The accession to a multilateral international
agreement which is related to the field managed by a ministry or a branch shall
be proposed by such ministry or branch according to the procedures prescribed
in Article 5 of this Ordinance.
2. The State President shall decide the
accession in the name of the State to multilateral international agreements,
multilateral international agreements that contain provisions contrary to or
not yet provided for in legal documents of the National Assembly or National
Assembly Standing Committee and multilateral international agreements that
contain provisions on the ratification obligation, except in cases where they
need to be submitted to the National Assembly for decision.
The Government shall decide the accession to
other multilateral international agreements.
3. Within 30 days after receiving a proposal on
the accession to a multilateral international agreement, the State President or
the Government shall give his/her or its written opinions thereon.
4. A written proposal on the accession to a
multilateral international agreement must include contents defined in Clause 4,
Article 5 of this Ordinance and be attached with the following documents:
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b/ Legal documents related to the international
agreement, including: a list of the parties acceding to such international
agreement; the written amendments or supplements to the international agreement
(if any); the reservations and/or declarations; and necessary legal procedures.
5. Within 15 days after a decision on the
accession to an international agreement is issued, the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs shall proceed with the diplomatic procedures for the accession to international
agreements and notify the relevant ministries and/or branches of the
agreement's effect.
Article 13.- Languages
of international agreements
1. Bilateral international agreements must be
made in Vietnamese language, except for cases otherwise agreed upon by the
signing parties. The Vietnamese version of an international agreement must be
commented on by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs before it is submitted to the
Government.
2. With regard to international agreements
signed only in foreign languages, when proposing the signing thereof or
accession thereto and before duplicating them, the agencies that have proposed
the conclusion of such agreements shall have to translate them into Vietnamese
and consult with the Ministry for Foreign Affairs for comparison with languages
in which the international agreements have been signed.
Article 14.- Form of
written texts of international agreements
The written texts of international agreements
signed in the name of the State or the Government must be sealed up for
affixing an embossed stamp of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs if they are
signed in the country; or of Vietnamese diplomatic missions if they are signed
overseas, except for cases otherwise agreed upon by the signing parties.
Article 15.-
Reservation to international agreements
1. For a multilateral international agreement
with provisions that should be reserved, when submitting it to the State agency
competent to decide the signing, ratification, approval thereof or accession
thereto, the agency that has proposed the conclusion of such international
agreement shall have to clearly state the requirements and contents of the
reservation.
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3. The reserved contents must be clearly stated
in the instruments of accession or reaffirmed in the instruments of
ratification or approval of the international agreement.
Article 16.- Withdrawal
of reservations to international agreements
1. When proposing to withdraw reservations to an
international agreement, the agency that has proposed the conclusion of such
international agreement shall, after obtaining written opinions from the
Ministry for Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Justice and the concerned
ministries and/or branches, have to study and propose the reservation
withdrawal to the State agency that has decided the signing, ratification,
approval of or accession to the international agreement.
2. A document proposing the reservation
withdrawal must include the following contents:
a/ The contents of the reservation(s) proposed
for withdrawal;
b/ The legal bases and requirements of the
reservation withdrawal;
c/ The opinions of the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs, the Ministry of Justice and the concerned ministries and/or branches.
The written text of the international agreement
must be submitted together with the document proposing the reservation
withdrawal.
3. The State agency that has decided the
signing, ratification, approval of or accession to an international agreement
shall have to consider and decide the reservation withdrawal within 30 days
after receiving a proposal for the reservation withdrawal.
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Article 17.- Effect of
international agreements
An international agreement shall take effect in
the Socialist Republic of Vietnam according to its own provisions or under
other arrangements between the signing parties, including the provisions on the
temporary effect.
Chapter III
PROMULGATION AND
DEPOSITARY OF INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
Article 18.- Archive of
international agreements
1. The Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall manage
and archive the originals of bilateral international agreements or the official
written texts of multilateral international agreements which the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam has concluded as well as the instruments of ratification,
approval and other related documents.
2. The agencies that have proposed the
conclusion of international agreements shall have to forward to the Ministry
for Foreign Affairs the originals of bilateral international agreements and
official written texts of multilateral international agreements within 15 days
after such agreements are signed or acceded to.
Article 19.-
Duplication of international agreements
Right after an international agreement takes
effect, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall have to duplicate it and send
the copies thereof to the National Assembly's Office, the State President's
Office, the Government's Office and the concerned ministries and/or branches.
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1. All international agreements shall be
promulgated, except otherwise agreed upon by the signing parties or otherwise
decided by the State President or the Government.
2. Within 15 days from the date it takes effect,
an international agreement defined in Clause 1 of this Article shall be
published in the Official Gazette of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
3. The directory of international agreements
shall be compiled and distributed by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.
Article 21.-
Registration of international agreements
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall register
at the United Nations' Secretariat or at other international organizations the
international agreements to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a
signatory.
Article 22.- Depositary
of international agreements
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall perform
the function of depositary of multilateral international agreements in cases
where the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the depositary nation.
Chapter IV
IMPLEMENTATION OF
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
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The Socialist Republic of Vietnam shall strictly
observe international agreements it has concluded and at the same time demand
that other signing parties also strictly comply with international agreements
they have concluded with the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Article 24.- Ensuring
the implementation of international agreements
1. The agencies that have proposed the
conclusion of international agreements shall have to submit to the Government
plans on the implementation of the concluded international agreements, clearly
stating the implementation schedule, organizational, managerial and financial
measures and other suggestions to ensure the implementation of international
agreements.
The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme
People's Procuracy shall have to report to the National Assembly Standing
Committee on the implementation of the concluded international agreements.
2. The concerned ministries and/or branches shall,
within their functions, tasks and powers, have to implement the international
agreements already concluded by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
3. In cases where an international agreement is
breached, the agency that has proposed the conclusion of such agreement or the
concerned State agency shall coordinate with the Ministry for Foreign Affairs
in proposing to the Government necessary measures to protect the legitimate
rights and interests of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
4. Annually and when requested, the agencies
that have proposed the conclusion of international agreements and the relevant
State agencies shall submit to the Government and the State President reports
on the implementation of the concluded international agreements; such reports
must also be submitted to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs for monitoring.
5. In cases where the implementation of an
international agreement requires that legal document(s) of the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam be amended, supplemented, annulled or replaced, the agency
that has proposed the conclusion of such international agreement and the
relevant State agencies shall by themselves have or propose the competent State
agencies to promptly amend, supplement, annul or replace such legal documents
in accordance with the Law on the Promulgation of Legal Documents.
Article 25.- Amendment,
supplement or extension of international agreements
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The agencies that have ratified or approved
international agreements shall have the competence to amend, supplement or
extent the ratified or approved international agreements.
2. When the amendment, supplement or extension
of an international agreement is required, the agency that has proposed the
conclusion of such international agreement shall have to consult and obtain
written comments from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, the concerned
ministries and/or branches and submit them to the competent State agencies
stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article.
Within 30 days after receiving a proposal for the
amendment, supplement or extension of an international agreement, the competent
State agency shall have to issue a decision thereon.
3. A document proposing the amendment,
supplement or extension of an international agreement shall have to include the
following contents:
a/ The aims, requirements and efficiency of the
amendment, supplement or extension of the international agreement;
b/ The legal bases of the amendment, supplement
or extension of the international agreement;
c/ The written comments of the Ministry for
Foreign Affairs, the concerned ministries and/or branches;
d/ The contents proposed for amendment and/or
supplement.
The written text of the international agreement
must be sent together with the document proposing the amendment, supplement or
extension of such international agreement.
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Article 26.- Basis of
the suspension and termination of international agreements
1. An international agreement may be suspended
or terminated in one of the following cases:
a/ According to its own provisions;
b/ There's a violation of the conclusion principles
prescribed in Article 3 of this Ordinance or the international agreement is
seriously violated by the other signing party(ies).
2. The suspension and termination of
international agreements must comply with the provisions of laws of the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam as well as with international law and practices.
Article 27.- Competence
to decide the suspension and termination of international agreements
1. The National Assembly shall decide the
suspension of international agreements which have been ratified or the
accession to which has been adopted by the National Assembly, and terminate
international agreements upon the State President's proposal.
2. The State President shall decide the
suspension of international agreements which have been concluded in the name of
the State; international agreements which have been ratified or the accession
to which has been decided by the State President; and international agreements
which have been concluded by the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's
Procuracy.
3. The Government shall decide the suspension of
international agreements which have been concluded in the name of the
Government, the ministries and/or branches.
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1. The agency that has proposed the conclusion
of an international agreement shall, after consulting the Ministry for Foreign
Affairs, the Ministry of Justice and the concerned ministries and/or branches,
propose the Government to suspend or terminate such international agreement.
After receiving the proposal, the competent State agency stipulated in Article
27 of this Ordinance shall have to give its written comments on the suspension
or termination of such international agreement.
2. The document proposing the suspension or
termination of an international agreement shall have to include the following
contents:
a/ The reasons and legal bases for the
suspension or termination of the international agreement;
b/ The written opinions of the Ministry for
Foreign Affairs and the concerned agencies;
c/ The legal consequences and the proposals
related to the suspension or termination of the international agreement.
The document proposing the suspension or
termination of an international agreement must be attached with the written
text of such international agreement.
3. Within 15 days after the National Assembly,
the State President or the Government issues a decision on the suspension or
termination of an international agreement, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs
shall proceed with the diplomatic procedures for the suspension or termination
the international agreement and notify the concerned agencies thereof.
Article 29.-
Interpretation of contents of international agreements
1. The contents of international agreements
shall be interpreted in accordance with international law on the interpretation
of international agreements.
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3. Competence for the interpretation of
international agreements:
a/ The National Assembly Standing Committee
shall interpret the international agreements ratified by the National Assembly
and international agreements that contain provisions contrary to or not yet
provided for in legal documents promulgated by the National Assembly or the
National Assembly Standing Committee;
b/ The Government shall interpret the
international agreements concluded in the name of the State and the Government;
c/ The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme
People's Procuracy shall interpret the international agreements they have
concluded respectively;
d/ The ministries and branches shall interpret
international agreements concluded in their respective names.
4. Within 15 days after the competent State
agency defined in Clause 3 of this Article issues a decision on the
interpretation of an international agreement, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs
shall proceed with the diplomatic procedures for the interpretation of
international agreements.
Chapter V
STATE MANAGEMENT OVER
THE CONCLUSION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
Article 30.- Contents
of the State management over the conclusion and implementation of international
agreements
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1. Promulgation of legal documents on the
conclusion and implementation of international agreements;
2. Organizing and ensuring the implementation of
international agreements;
3. Popularization, dissemination and guiding the
implementation of the legislation on the conclusion and implementation of
international agreements;
4. State statistics on international agreements;
5. Organization of the archive and depositary of
international agreements;
6. Supervision, inspection, examination and
handling of violations of the legislation on the conclusion and implementation
of international agreements;
7. Settlement of complaints and denunciations
related to the conclusion and implementation of international agreements.
Article 31.- State
agencies managing the conclusion and implementation of international agreements
1. The Government shall exercise unified State
management over the conclusion and implementation of international agreements
throughout the country.
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3. The ministries, the ministerial-level
agencies and the agencies attached to the Government shall, within their tasks
and powers, coordinate with the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in exercising the
State management over the conclusion and implementation of international
agreements.
Article 32.-
Supervision of the conclusion and implementation of international agreements
The National Assembly, the National Assembly
Standing Committee, the Government, the Nationality Council and the National
Assembly's Commissions shall, within their tasks and powers, supervise the
conclusion and implementation of international agreements.
Article 33.- Handling
of violations
Agencies, organizations or individuals that
commit acts of violating the provisions of this Ordinance shall be handled in
accordance with the provisions of law.
Chapter VI
IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS
Article 34.-
International compacts concluded by provinces and cities directly under the
Central Government and by socio-political organizations, social organizations
and socio-professional organizations
The Government shall issue separate regulations
on the conclusion and implementation of international compacts concluded by
provinces and cities directly under the Central Government and by
socio-political organizations, social organizations and socio-professional
organizations of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
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This Ordinance takes effect from the date of its
promulgation and replaces October 17, 1989 Ordinance on the Conclusion and
Implementation of International Agreements by the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam.
The Government shall detail and guide the
implementation of this Ordinance.
THE STANDING COMMITTEE
OF NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
Nong Duc Manh