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MINISTRY OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC
OF VIETNAM
Independence – Freedom – Happiness
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No.:
28/2011/TT-BTNMT
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Hanoi, August 01, 2011
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CIRCULAR
TECHNICAL
PROCEDURES FOR AMBIENT AIR AND NOISE MONITORING
MINISTER OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 25/2008/ND-CP dated
March 04, 2008 on defining the functions, tasks, powers and organizational
structure of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, amended and supplemented
by the Government's Decree No.19/2010/ND-CP dated March 08, 2010
and Decree No. 89/2010/ND-CP dated August 16, 2010;
Pursuant to the Government's Decree No. 102/2008/ND-CP dated
September 15, 2008 on collection, management and use of the natural resources
and environment database;
Pursuant to the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 16/2007/QD-TTg dated
January 29, 2007 on approval for the Master Plan for national monitoring
network for natural resources and environment by 2020;
At the request of Director of Vietnam
Environment Administration, Director of Department of Science and Technology,
and Director of Legal Department,
Chapter I
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This Circular provides for the technical
procedures for ambient air and noise monitoring, including: determination of
monitoring objectives, monitoring program design, and monitoring program
execution.
Article 2. Regulated
entities
1. This Circular applies to:
a) Central and local environment authorities;
environmental monitoring stations and centers of the national environmental
monitoring network and local environmental monitoring networks;
b) The organizations licensed or assigned to
carry out environmental monitoring activities, provide environmental monitoring
services, and submit reports to central and local environment authorities;
2. This Circular does not apply to the
ambient air and noise monitoring using automatic or continuous devices.
Article 3. Interpretation
of terms
In this document, these terms are construed
as follows:
1. Ambient air refers to the outdoor
air to which people, plants, animals or material may be exposed;
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Article 4. Rules for application
of standards and citation methods
1.
The application of standards and citation methods must comply with the
monitoring and analytical methods and standards mentioned in Chapter II of this
Circular;
2. If amendments to the monitoring and
analytical standards and methods mentioned in Chapter II of this Circular occur,
newly revised standards and methods shall come into force.
Article 5. Monitoring
objectives
The major objectives for the ambient
air monitoring are as follows:
1. Determine the air pollution status and its
effects on the community health in conformity with currently permitted
standards;
2. Determine effects of separate sources of
waste or groups of waste sources on the quality of local air environment;
3.
Provide information to the formulation of plans for pollution control and
industrial development;
4.
Evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of the air quality;
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6.
Satisfy other requirements for central and local environment management.
Article 6. Designing a monitoring program
A
monitoring program must be approved or accepted in writing by a competent authority
or an agency in charge of monitoring programs. Designing the ambient air monitoring
program is detailed as below:
1. Monitoring type
Depending on the
monitoring objectives, the program designer must determine whether the
monitoring is background monitoring or impact monitoring.
2. Monitoring location and points
a)
The determination of monitoring locations and points depends on the monitoring
objectives;
b)
Before determining a monitoring location or point, a survey shall be conducted
at the monitoring region to determine sources of waste causing the ambient air
pollution. After conducting field surveys, location of monitoring points shall
be marked on diagram or map;
c) While determining locations of ambient air monitoring
points, the following matters should be considered:
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-
Topographical conditions: the monitoring place must have convenient and clear
topography with features representing the subject region. At places with
complex topography, the monitoring location is determined according to local
emission conditions.
a)
Typical and representative parameters for a monitoring region shall be selected
depending on the data collection and field surveys which must be firstly
conducted to collect information about the monitoring location (residential
area, production area, etc.), production type, emission locations, and sources
of waste generated thereto;
b) The following major parameters are
selected to evaluate the ambient air quality:
- Parameters mandatorily monitored on the
scene: wind direction, wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, pressure and
solar radiation;
- Other parameters: sulphur dioxide (SO2),
nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrous oxide (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3),
Total suspended particles (TSP), dust particles less than or equal to 10 µm in
diameter (PM10), Plumbum (Pb);
c) Depending on objectives and requirements
of the monitoring program, other parameters mentioned in the QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT
may be additionally monitored.
a) Monitoring time depends on the following
elements:
- Monitoring objectives;
- Monitoring parameters;
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- Meteorological factors;
- Monitoring equipment;
- Whether the applied monitoring approach is
positive or negative;
- Data processing methods;
- Sensitivity of analytical methods.
b) Monitoring frequency
- Frequency of background monitoring: at
least once every month;
- Frequency of impact monitoring: at least 06
times annually.
c) Notes to determine monitoring frequency:
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A monitoring plan
which is prepared according to the monitoring program includes the following
contents:
a) The list of personnel performing the
monitoring tasks and assignments for each participating person;
b) The list of organizations and individuals
participating or cooperating in the monitoring of environment (if any);
c) The list of monitoring equipment,
apparatus, and chemicals for field monitoring and laboratory analysis;
d) Labor safety tools and equipment for the
monitoring of environment;
dd) Samples required, sample volume, and sample
storage time;
e) Methods for laboratory analysis;
g) Environmental monitoring expenses;
h) The plan for environmental monitoring
quality assurance and management.
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The implementation of a monitoring program
includes the following tasks:
1. Preparations
Following preparations
shall be made prior to monitoring activities:
a) Prepare documents, maps, diagrams, and
common data about the sampled regions;
b) Monitor the climate and weather
variations;
c) Prepare necessary tools and instruments;
check, clean, and calibrate the equipment and instruments for sampling,
measuring, and testing before going to the scene;
d) Prepare chemicals,
supplies, and instruments for taking and preserving samples;
dd) Prepare sample labels, forms, monitoring
and analysis logs as prescribed;
e) Prepare
instruments for taking and transporting samples;
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h) Prepare funding and personnel for
monitoring;
i) Prepare accommodation for personnel who
work for many days;
k) Prepare other relevant documents and
forms.
a) At the sampling location, meteorological
parameters (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and
direction) shall be monitored at the field;
b) Basing on data quality
objectives, the air sampling, measurement and analysis methods must comply with
any of the methods mentioned in the following Table 1:
Table 1. Methods for field air sampling,
measurement and analysis
No.
Parameters
Code of standard or
method
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SO2
• TCVN 7726:2007 (ISO10498:2004);
• TCVN 5971:1995 (ISO 6767:1990);
• TCVN 5978:1995 (ISO 4221:1980);
2
CO
• TCVN 5972:1995 (ISO 8186:1989);
3
NO2
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4
O3
• TCVN 6157:1996 (ISO 10313:1993);
• TCVN 7171:2002 (ISO 13964:1998);
5
Particulate lead
• TCVN 6152:1996 (ISO 9855:1993);
6
Dust
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7
Other meteorological parameters
• Regulations on meteorological monitoring adopted
by National Centre for
Hydrometeorological Forecasting – NCHMF.
• Manufacturers’ instructions for operation
of meteorological monitoring equipment.
b) If national standards for field air
sampling, measurement and analysis mentioned in Table 1 hereto are not
available, corresponding international standards mentioned in Table 1 or other
international standards with equal or higher accuracy shall be applied;
c) Quality assurance and control tasks on the field
shall comply with regulations on environmental monitoring quality assurance and
control adopted by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
a) Methods for sample
storage must be conformable with monitoring parameters and methods for analyzing
samples at the laboratory. Samples must be analyzed immediately after they are
taken or stored at 5oC for a period of not exceeding 24 hours;
b) With regard to samples taken by employing
the absorption method, the absorbing substances must be stored in vials with firm
caps, placed on brackets and carefully arranged into cold storage box;
c) With regard to CO samples which are taken
by employing the volume replacement method, sample storage devices must be arranged
orderly, not be placed on each other or pressed by other things to avoid breaking
and leaking;
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a) Basing on data quality objectives and
laboratory conditions, the analysis of parameters must comply with any of the
methods stated in the following Table 2:
Table
2. Methods for analysis of monitoring parameters at laboratories
No.
Parameters
Code of standard or
method
1
SO2
• TCVN 5971:1995 (ISO 6767:1990);
• TCVN 5978:1995 (ISO 4221:1980);
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CO
• TCVN 5972:1995 (ISO 8186:1989);
• TCVN 7725:2007 (ISO 4224:2000);
3
NO2
• TCVN 6137:2009 (ISO 6768:1998);
• TCVN 6138:1996 (ISO 7996:1985);
4
Particulate lead
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5
Dust
• TCVN 5067:1995
b) If national standards for determination of parameters
mentioned in Table 2 hereto are not available, corresponding international
standards mentioned in Table 2 or other international standards with equal or
higher accuracy shall be applied;
c) Quality assurance
and control tasks at laboratories shall comply with regulations on
environmental monitoring quality assurance and control adopted by the Ministry
of Natural Resources and Environment.
5. Data processing and
reporting
a) Data processing
- Data check: check the rationality of the
environmental analysis and monitoring data. Data shall be checked according to
documents of the samples (sampling record, field sampling logs, sample delivery
record, field measurement/analysis result reports, laboratory analysis result reports,
etc.), data of QC samples (blank samples, repeated samples, reference samples,
etc.);
- Statistical processing:
according to the quantity of samples and the reports, various methods and
software programs may be used for statistical processing as long as the
essential description (minimum value, maximum value, mean value, number
exceeding standards, etc.) must be available;
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b) Reporting
After
the monitoring program is completed, a monitoring result report shall be made
and sent to a competent authority as prescribed.
Article 8. Monitoring
objectives
The major objectives for the noise monitoring are as
follows:
1. Determine the levels of noise causing
effects on the community health in conformity with currently permitted
standards;
2. Determine effects of separate noise sources
or groups of noise sources;
3.
Provide information to the formulation of plans for noise control;
4.
Evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of the noise pollution;
5.
Issue warnings of the noise pollution;
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Article 9. Designing
and implementing a monitoring program
1. Noise monitoring location
a) The QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT - National Technical Regulation on Noise stipulates maximum levels
of noise in areas where people live and work; the noise referred to in this
Regulation is caused by human activities regardless noise sources or noise
locations.
b) Regions requiring the measurement of noise
include:
- Places needing special quiet: hospitals,
libraries, sanitariums, kindergartens, and schools;
- Residential areas, hotels, dwelling houses,
and administrative agencies;
- Commercial and service areas;
- Production factories located in residential
areas.
c) Noise monitoring locations are selected in
conformity with the national technical regulation TCVN 5964:1995, in which the
following points should be carefully considered:
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- Avoid obstacles which may cause the
reflection of sound;
- Avoid man-made sources of noise such as
music, clash made by hitting of metal objects, sounds of children frolicking,
etc.);
- Select monitoring locations so as to ensure
the most stable sound transmission with the unchanged wind components from the
source to the monitoring location.
d) With regard to
industrial manufacturing factories, the noise monitoring is conducted at the
workplace as regulated in the National Technical Regulation TCVN 3985:1999.
The noise monitoring parameters include:
a) LAeq: A-weighted equivalent
sound level;
b) LAmax: maximum A-weighted sound
level;
c) LAN,T : percentile
level ;
d) Analyze noise at the one octave band (in
industrial zones) ;
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a) Monitoring frequency
The noise monitoring frequency depends on
requirements of the agency in charge of the noise monitoring program, funding
and purposes of the monitoring program provided that it shall not less than 04
times per year.
b) Monitoring time
- Noise at prescribed places and traffic
noise must be continuously measured within 12, 18 or 24 hours depending on
monitoring requirements.
- Noise at production factories must be
measured within the working time;
- Because sound levels are influenced by
weather conditions, the selection of noise monitoring time must pay attention
to the following points:
+ Monitoring time must be selected so as to
ensure that within the selected monitoring time, the average sound level is
determined in a band of weather conditions appearing at monitoring locations;
+
Monitoring time is selected so as to ensure that measures are conducted within
typical weather conditions.
4. Monitoring equipment
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b) The equipment used in the noise monitoring
includes integrating sound level meters with frequency analyzer. If the
integrating sound level meter is not available, the sound exposure level meter
shall be applied, in which monitoring times must be recorded and the
statistical distribution method shall be employed to determine the LAeq,T value:
Where
- T = åti:
total duration of sampling intervals;
- ti : time of exposure at the
noise level LAi; (corresponding to the monitoring time i);
- LAi: A-weighted sound level during
the ith time interval (ti);
- n: total times of noise level measurement.
c)
For the purpose of assurance of monitoring quality, the sound level meters must
be calibrated in conformity with applicable standards at the sound levels of 94
dBA and 104 dBA before each noise monitoring and periodically tested by
competent calibration agencies.
5. Monitoring methods
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a) Measurements
When conducting outdoor measurements, the
reflection of sound must be minimized. Measurements must be taken at least 3.5m
far away from the sound reflecting structures, excluding the ground. If other
regulations are not applied, measurements are taken 1.2 - 1.5 m above the ground.
b) Outdoor measurements near multistoried
buildings
These measurements shall be taken at the
locations where the noise exposing on the multistoried building should be
considered. Not otherwise provided for, measurements should be taken 1-2 m far
away from the building and 1.2 – 1.5 m above the ground.
c) Traffic noise level measurements
- Measurements are taken 1.2 - 1.5 m above
the ground;
- The reflection of sound must be minimized;
- Avoid sources of unwanted noise which may
influence on measurements.
d) Indoor measurements
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- Noise at the workplace caused by industrial
machines must be measured at the 1:1 octave band frequency (as regulated in the
National Technical Regulation TCVN 3985:1999).
dd) Notices
- Three measurements are taken within 1 hour,
each of which is continuously taken within a 10-minute interval. Then, the mean
value of such three measurements shall be taken. The achieved result shall be
considered as the mean value of such measuring hour;
- For traffic noise caused by vehicle flow,
besides measuring noise, it is necessary to determine the traffic intensity
(vehicle/hour) by means of counting manually or automatic equipment. Type of
vehicle in the vehicle flow must be classified, including:
+ Very large vehicles (containers and others
with more than 10 wheels);
+ Trucks and coaches;
+ Cars (under 12 seats);
+ Motorbikes, mopeds.
- Similar steps shall be applied to measure
the noise at 1:1 octave band provided that after setting time, measuring mode
must be set up according to the 1:1 octave band frequency.
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a) Data processing
- Data check: check the rationality of the noise
monitoring data. Checking data shall be based on monitoring documents (records,
logs, field measuring results, etc.);
- Statistical
processing: according to the quantity of measuring results and the reports,
various methods and software programs may be used for statistical processing as
long as the essential description (minimum value, maximum value, mean value,
number exceeding standards, etc.) must be available;
- Comments on the data: comments on data must
be given according to monitoring results that have been processed and verified,
and relevant technical regulations and standards.
b) Reporting
After the monitoring program is completed, a noise
monitoring result report shall be made and sent to a competent authority as
prescribed.
Article 10.
Implementation organization
1. The Vietnam Environment Administration
shall instruct and inspect the implementation of this Circular;
2. Ministers, Heads of Ministerial-level
Agencies, Heads of Affiliates of the Government, Chairpersons of the People's Committees
at all levels, and other organizations and individuals involved shall assume responsible
for implementing this Circular.
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1. This Circular shall come into force as
from September 15, 2011.
2. Difficulties that arise during the
implementation of this Circular should be reported to the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment (via Vietnam Environment Administration) for
consideration./.